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- Grip, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Increased presence of cells containing transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) in ulcerative colitis, both during active inflammation and in remission
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 1473-5687. ; 12:7, s. 761-766
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Patients with extensive and long-standing ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and sub-epithelial fibrosis. The polypeptide transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) has mitogenic effects and it is believed that local overproduction may result in tumour formation and fibrosis. DESIGN: In the present study, we correlated the presence of TGF-alpha in ulcerative colitis with the degree of inflammation and with dysplasia. METHODS: Sixty two patients were investigated, 46 with ulcerative colitis (16 with active inflammation and 20 in remission, 10 with dysplasia of the colon), and 16 controls with normal colonoscopy and without a history of colitis. There were no overlaps between the subgroups. Tissue sections from colonic biopsies were examined and TGF-alpha was detected by immunohistochemistry. TGF-alpha-containing cells were characterized by double-staining with antibodies to eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). An antibody (EG2) recognizing eosinophils with an activated phenotype was also used. RESULTS: The median number of TGF-alpha-containing cells in the mucosa was 24 per mm2 (inter-quartile range 10-51) in controls, 186 per mm2 (73-245) in ulcerative colitis with active inflammation, 76 per mm2 (52-198) in remission, and 130 per mm2 (66-203) in areas of dysplasia. Double-staining for TGF-alpha and ECP revealed that most of the TGF-alpha-containing cells were eosinophils, and most had an activated phenotype as judged by staining with EG2. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of TGF-alpha-containing cells in colonic mucosa is increased both in active inflammation and during remission in ulcerative colitis. Dysplasia is not associated with any significant increase in TGF-alpha-containing cells. The majority of TGF-alpha-containing cells are eosinophils with an activated phenotype. TGF-alpha released from these cells could be important for the development of complications seen in ulcerative colitis, such as cancer and fibrosis.
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- Hjortswang, Henrik, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of demographic and disease-related factors on health-related quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 15:9, s. 1011-1020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aims of this study were to analyse the health-related quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis and to assess in what way demographic and disease-related factors influence patients' experiences of this, in order to interpret the results of health-related quality of life assessment more correctly.Patients and methods: We carried out a cross-sectional evaluation of 300 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis from the catchment areas of Linköping University Hospital and Örebro University Hospital in Sweden. Health-related quality of life was measured using four questionnaires: the IBDQ, the RFIPC, the SF-36 and the PGWB. Disease activity was evaluated using a one-week symptom diary, blood tests and rigid sigmoidoscopy. Demographic factors (gender, age, civil status, educational level), disease-related factors (disease duration, disease extent, disease activity) and presence of co-morbidity were obtained.Results: Health-related quality of life was mainly impaired in the psychological and social areas and to a much lesser degree in physical areas. Patients with relapse had significantly more disease-related worries and concerns (the RFIPC), more impaired social functioning (the IBDQ and SF-36), and a lower feeling of well being (the IBDQ, the SF-36 and the PGWB). However, their physical function (SF-36) was no worse than patients in remission. Besides the symptom burden of the current disease, co-morbidity and female gender were associated with a lower health-related quality of life.Conclusion: To correctly interpret health-related quality of life assessments, it is necessary to consider co-morbidity and gender distribution in addition to the symptom burden of the disease studied.
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- Mei, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Eosinophil infiltration and activation at the gastric ulcer margin in rats.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 1473-5687. ; 14:5, s. 503-511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND : Recruitment and activation of eosinophils have been studied intensely in asthma and other allergic diseases. Less is known about the infiltration and behaviour of eosinophils during gastric ulcer healing. AIM : To examine the tissue infiltration and activation of eosinophils in the ulcer margin at different time points after ulcer induction (days 1-15). METHODS : Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe eosinophil infiltration and activation in rats with acetic-acid-induced ulcer in the oxyntic mucosa. The distribution of macrophages was evaluated by immunocytochemistry using the macrophage-specific antibodies ED1 and ED2. RESULTS : There was a prominent increase in eosinophils around the ulcer margin at day 1 after ulcer induction, which peaked at day 5. TEM revealed characteristic signs of eosinophil activation, including cytolysis and piecemeal degranulation. Eosinophil cytolysis was the major form of activation, seen most frequently at day 5. A few scattered apoptotic eosinophils could also be observed. In normal controls and sham-operated rats, activated eosinophils were detected rarely. The distribution pattern of infiltrated eosinophils closely resembled that of macrophages at the ulcer margin. However, in the central part of the granulation tissue (at day 5) only macrophages could be found. CONCLUSIONS : There is marked infiltration and signs of activation of eosinophils together with macrophages at the margin of newly formed ulcers.
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- Omarsdottir, Sif, et al.
(författare)
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Increased rate of bone loss at the femoral neck in patients with chronic liver disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 14:1, s. 43-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE : Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) have an increased prevalence of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the rate of bone loss and potential predictors of increased bone loss in a cohort of patients with CLD. DESIGN : Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at baseline and at follow-up by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck. RESULTS : Forty-three patients (31 female, 12 male) were available for a second measurement of BMD, with a median of 25 months (range 18-41) between the measurements. Mean annual bone loss at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck, respectively, was 0.6 +/- 2.0% and 1.5 +/- 2.4% in females and 0.8 +/- 1.9% and 2.9 +/- 2.0% in males. The BMD Z score decreased significantly over time at the femoral neck (P = 0.005 and P = 0.02 for females and males, respectively). Bone loss was increased significantly at the lumbar spine in patients classified as Child-Pugh B + C compared with those classified as Child-Pugh A (P = 0.04). Serum levels of bilirubin correlated independently and positively, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels negatively, with bone loss at the femoral neck. CONCLUSIONS : Patients with CLD have increased bone loss at the femoral neck. Advanced liver disease is associated with increased bone loss, and hyperbilirubinaemia and low levels of vitamin D3 are predictors of increased bone loss.
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- Popat, S, et al.
(författare)
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Germline mutations in TGM2 do not contribute to coeliac disease susceptibility in the Swedish population
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 13:12, s. 1477-1479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Coeliac disease (CD) shows a strong genetic predisposition involving HLA-DQ2 and non-HLA components. Tissue transglutaminase, encoded by TGM2, occupies a central role in the CD pathogenesis, necessary for the deamidation of specific glutamine residues of a-gliadin creating a T-cell epitope that binds with increased affinity to DQ2. To investigate whether germline mutations in TGM2 contribute to disease susceptibility we have carried out a comprehensive analysis of the gene in 52 patients with CD. Design: Blood samples were collected from 52 children with biopsy proven CD attending one Swedish centre. DNA was estracted from lymphocytes and all exons and intronexon boundaries of the TGM2 gene and the alternatively spliced form of the gene were screened for mutations. Methods: Mutational analysis was undertaken by a combination of conformational specific gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. Results: Three novel polymorphisms were identified but no pathogenic mutations were detected. Conclusions: There is no evidence from this study that mutations in TGM2, which lead to an altered protein, contribute to CD susceptibility.
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- Walter, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Subgroups of irritable bowel syndrome : a new approach
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 16:10, s. 991-994
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The newly revised Rome criteria for the definition of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), derived from the consensus of experts in the field, were developed in order to identify subgroups of IBS patients for research. The criteria have, to our knowledge, never been validated. Both when trying to include IBS patients in studies and in clinical practice we found it difficult to apply the Rome 2 supportive criteria. Aim: To study the variation of stool consistency and defecatory symptoms in IBS patients prospectively with diary cards and to validate the Rome 2 supportive criteria. Methods: Sixty IBS patients, included by interview according to the Rome 1 criteria, recorded their bowel symptoms on diary cards over 40 days. Four subgroups were found, characterised by loose-stool-predominant, hard-stool-predominant, alternating stool consistency, and loose stools only. Urgency, straining and feeling of incomplete evacuation occurred in all but seven individuals, irrespective of subgroup. Results: The Rome 2 criteria could subclassify seven patients into diarrhoea-predominant IBS based on stool consistency and absence of straining and could subclassify no patients into constipation-predominant IBS, as urge was present in nearly all patients. Fifty-three patients could not be classified according to the Rome 2 criteria, as they had defecatory symptoms of all kinds. Conclusion: As the Rome 2 supportive criteria use the presence or absence of specific defecatory symptoms as an instrument for categorising IBS patients into diarrhoea- and constipation-predominant subgroups, these criteria could not be used for the majority of IBS patients in this study and should be reconsidered.
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- Åhsberg, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Mucosal changes in the gastric remnant: long-term effects of bile reflux diversion and Helicobacter pylori infection.
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 1473-5687. ; 15:1, s. 35-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Bile reflux is thought to be responsible for reflux gastritis and stump carcinoma occurring after partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer. Gastritis and gastric carcinoma are also correlated with Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this study was to investigate whether diversion of enteric reflux and the presence of H. pylori infection alter long-term histological developments in the gastric remnant. Methods Twenty-nine patients partially gastrectomized for peptic ulcer were reoperated on with re-resection and a Roux-en-Y reconstruction because of reflux gastritis (12 patients) or severe dysplasia/early gastric cancer (17 patients). The resected specimens and subsequent biopsies from the new anastomotic region taken at endoscopies 5-17 years after reoperation were evaluated regarding the presence of H. pylori, the grade of active and non-active chronic gastritis, and the premalignant changes - atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Results A progression of active chronic gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia was seen after re-resection and Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Non-active chronic gastritis remained unchanged. The development was, in general, independent of H. pylori infection. Conclusions Enteric reflux may perhaps induce a histological transformation of the gastric mucosa that cannot be reversed, even if the reflux is diverted. In our study, H. pylori infection had no impact on the histological development. Factors other than enteric reflux and H. pylori infection might also be of importance.
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