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- Jergovic, Davor, et al.
(författare)
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Repair of the mandibular branch of the rat facial nerve through transmedian grafting in one or two stages : Functional evaluation
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of the peripheral nervous system. - 1085-9489 .- 1529-8027. ; 3:1, s. 54-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previous study examined the morphological outcome of axonal regeneration in the mandibular branch (ramus marginalis mandibulae) of the rat facial nerve after transmedian nerve grafting in one or two stages. The present study supplements the morphological data with a functional evaluation. Recordings of the force of tetanic muscle contractions elicited through stimulation of the mandibular branch showed that upper and lower lip data obtained from animals grafted in one stage did not differ significantly from control data. However, animals grafted in two stages exhibited significantly lower muscle forces compared to one-stage data and to control data. Electromyographic recordings of the M-response showed multiple prolonged potential fluctuations with subnormal amplitudes in grafted cases. In both groups of grafted rats, the mean voltage amplitudes recorded from the upper lip were weaker than the amplitudes seen at the angle of the mouth or the lower lip. The two-stage cases exhibited the most obvious deficit. In conclusion, the present results show that, with respect to the functional restoration achieved three months after nerve injury, repair through transmedian grafting in one stage gives better results than repair in two stages. This finding, which conforms with previous morphological data, suggests that the one-stage procedure should be considered for clinical use.
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| 2. |
- Jergovic, Davor, et al.
(författare)
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Repair of the mandibular branch of the rat facial nerve through transmedian grafting in one or two stages : Morphological evaluation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of the peripheral nervous system. - 1085-9489 .- 1529-8027. ; 2:2, s. 181-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined by electron microscopy the normal fibre composition of the mandibular branch (MB) of the rat facial nerve and the outcome of axon regeneration in the MB after transmedian grafting in one or two stages. The average normal MB contained 2,185 axons, 17 % of which were unmyelinated. The myelinated axons had a unimodal diameter distribution (range 1.5-9.5 μm, mode 4.5 μm). After superior cervical ganglionectomy, the MB lost 1/3 of the C-fibres and 10% of the myelinated axons. In neonatally capsaicin-treated rats the occurrence of unmyelinated axons was reduced by about 50%. After repair in one or two stages the MB contained more myelinated and unmyelinated axons than normal. The myelinated axons showed a unimodal size distribution with a subnormal diameter range. Statistical comparisons showed that MBs from both experimental groups were significantly abnormal with respect to total axon number as well as numbers of unmyelinated and myelinated axons. In these respects the grafted MBs did not differ significantly from each other. However, the myelinated axons in MBs from one-stage cases showed larger mean and maximum diameters compared to MBs from two-stage cases. These data suggest that the normal MB of the rat contains myelinated and unmyelinated sympathetic axons and that about half the C-fibres in the normal MB come from capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons. The comparison of the two reparative procedures used provides evidence in favor of the one-stage alternative.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Hereditary absence of complement C5 in adult mice influences Wallerian degeneration, but not retrograde responses, following injury to peripheral nerve
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of the peripheral nervous system. - 1085-9489 .- 1529-8027. ; 4:2, s. 123-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have examined the role of complement component 5 (C5) in peripheral nerve fiber degeneration and regeneration, as well as in glial and neuronal cell responses in the central nervous system (CNS). Adult congenic mice lacking C5 (C5(-)) and the corresponding normal strain (C5(+)) were used. Macrophage recruitment as well as axonal and myelin sheath elimination were delayed from 1 to 21 days postinjury in C5(-) mice compared to the C5(+) group after sciatic nerve crush. Despite this, recovery of motor function was not delayed. In the CNS, microglial cells and astrocytes responded in the same way from 3 to 21 days after sciatic nerve injury in C5(-) and C5(+) mice, and the extent of neuron death following hypoglossal nerve avulsion was the same in both groups. These findings suggest that C5 and/or its derivatives play an important role in initiating the recruitment of macrophages to the injured nerve and, probably indirectly, in early remyelination of regenerating axons, but does not influence the longterm functional restoration or axotomy-induced nerve cell death. C5-derived molecules do not appear to participate in central glial cell responses to peripheral nerve injury. These findings elucidate new aspects on the functional role of the complement system in the peripheral nervous system following peripheral nerve injury.
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