| 1. |
- Bednar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Personalized Support with ‘Little’ Data
- 2014
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Ingår i: Creating Value for All Through IT. IFIP WG 8.6 International Conference on Transfer and Diffusion of IT, TDIT 2014, Aalborg, Denmark, June 2-4, 2014. Proceedings. - 1868-4238. - 9783662434581 ; 429, s. 355-358
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we look at opportunities to support the creation of value for all through the use of end-user-owned Virtual Personal Assistant. We use a chat-bot as example of technology with a possibility for transferring and diffusing new functionality, features and capabilities. This category of software can create potential value through its AI and natural language processing combined with emulation and imitation of emotional engagement which is personal, private and as such allows for intimate contextual relevance to be developed.
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| 2. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Amazon Mechanical Turk and the Commodification of labour
- 2014
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Ingår i: New technology, work and employment. - : Wiley. - 0268-1072 .- 1468-005X. ; 29:3, s. 213-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crowd employment platforms enable firms to source labour and expertise by leveraging Internet technology. Rather than offshoring jobs to low-cost geographies, functions once performed by internal employees can be outsourced to an undefined pool of digital labour using a virtual network. This enables firms to shift costs and offload risk as they access a flexible, scalable workforce that sits outside the traditional boundaries of labour laws and regulations. The micro-tasks of 'clickwork' are tedious, repetitive and poorly paid, with remuneration often well below minimum wage. This article will present an analysis of one of the most popular crowdsourcing sites-Mechanical Turk-to illuminate how Amazon's platform enables an array of companies to access digital labour at low cost and without any of the associated social protection or moral obligation.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Disregarding history : Contemporary IS contexts and participatory design
- 2014
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Ingår i: Communications of the Association for Information Systems. - 1529-3181. ; 34:1, s. 1319-1332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- User participation has long been seen as a core topic of study within the IS field, yet its relevance to contemporary development environments and contexts has recently been brought into question. The aim of this article is to investigate the extent to which this rich history and experience is used to inform contemporary practices. We provide a survey that evaluates the degree to which PD (participatory design) is currently represented in the IS literature, the results of which reveal a low representation. Based on these findings, a number of propositions are offered. © 2014 by the Association for Information Systems.
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| 6. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Living lab : An open and user-centric design approach
- 2010
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Ingår i: Information and communication technologies, society and human beings. - Hershey, PA : Information Science Reference. - 9781609600594 ; , s. 190-207
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we focus on a new research area, Living Lab that introduces new ways of managing innovation processes. A Living Lab can be viewed as both an innovation milieu and an innovation approach, and the aim of this chapter is to clarify these two perspectives, as well as to illustrate how they can enrich each other. This is done by presenting one Living Lab milieu, Botnia Living Lab, and its key components; and one Living Lab approach, FormIT, and its key principles. The presentation is done on two levels, one general level and one case specific level. The case focuses on involving citizens in the design of an e-service aimed to increase their influence in a municipality and its development. Through this we learnt that the key components of a Living Lab constitutes important structures that enhance the process and as such the principles
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| 7. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Mobile applications development on Apple and Google platforms
- 2011
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Ingår i: Communications of the Association for Information Systems. - 1529-3181. ; 29:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The uptake of Internet-enabled multifunctional mobile devices is an emerging area within software development. This article examines the under-researched area of mobile application developers and considers some of the current challenges facing this sector within the IT workforce. We frame our study within the wider context of the evolution of the industry in order to illustrate how the emerging business model of mobile application development shapes the everyday practices of systems developers, specifically those working on iPhone and Android platforms. Drawing on qualitative research carried out in Sweden, the UK, and the U.S., we analyze developers’ experiences in order to illustrate how they respond and adapt to the turbulent environment of the IT sector.
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| 8. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Motivational profiles of toolkit users – iPhone and Android developers
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Marketing. - 1741-878X .- 1741-8798. ; 6:1, s. 36-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Toolkits for development and distribution of mobile applications can potentially influence the ecosystem for mobile services. While these toolkits began to surface in the late 1990s, it was not until 2008, when Apple launched its App Store, that their potential became more visible. For these toolkits to create value to all the different stakeholders, we need to understand these innovation milieus and their inhabitants, areas that are becoming increasingly important yet under-researched in the literature. In this paper, we address the questions of who the pioneering users of the Apple and Android owned toolkits are, what attracted them to the mobile application market, and what affected their choice of platform for mobile application development. Emerging from the analysis are four different developer profiles of early adopters of the Android and iPhone platforms.
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| 9. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Outsourcing creative work : A study of mobile application development
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Conference on Information Systems 2010 (ICIS 2010). - Red Hook : Curran Associates, Inc.. - 9780615418988
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the mobile phone industry converges with the IT/software industry, the emerging internetenabled multifunctional mobile devices are bringing together many diverse stakeholders. This paper examines the under-researched area of mobile application developers. We frame our study within the wider context of the mobile application industry in order to illustrate how the business models of large IT firms shape the everyday practices of systems developers, specifically those working on iPhone and Android platforms. By broadening out the study in this way we are able to situate seemingly new and distinctive technological artefacts and practices and show how they build on a number of continuing trends within the field. Drawing on qualitative data with developers working in this emerging market, we analyse their practices in order to (a) provide detail on this under-studied area and (b) show the ways in which developers adapt to the turbulent environment of the IT sector.
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| 10. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Participation in living lab : designing systems with users
- 2010
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Ingår i: Human Benefit through the Diffusion of Information Systems Design Science Research. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783642121128 ; , s. 317-326
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on a case study of a living lab, this paper considers the process of participation during the design stages of a health care project for the elderly in Sweden. While participation has an established history, more recently it has been described as an "old, tired concept" that is in need of revitalization in order to cater for changing IS practices. In this paper, we reflect on how participation materializes in a context that is quite dissimilar from more traditional development settings and report on the kinds of practices that may be used to assist design with users
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| 11. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent problems and practices in information systems development : a study of mobile applications development and distribution
- 2014
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Ingår i: Information Systems Journal. - : Wiley. - 1350-1917 .- 1365-2575. ; 24:5, s. 425-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The widespread uptake of mobile technologies has witnessed a re-structuring of the mobile market with major shifts in the predominance of particular firms and the emergence of new business models. These sociotechnical trends are significant in the ways that they are influencing and shaping the working lives of software professionals. Building on prior research investigating the persistent problems and practices of systems development, this paper examines mobile applications development and distribution. A qualitative study of 60 developers based in Sweden, the UK and the USA was analysed around the interrelated problems of diversity, knowledge and structure. The analysis revealed how platform-based development in an evolving mobile market represents significant changes at the business environment level. These changes ripple through and accentuate ongoing trends and developments, intensifying the persistent problems and challenges facing software developers.
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| 12. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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The Apple business model : Crowdsourcing mobile applications
- 2013
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Ingår i: Accounting Forum. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0155-9982 .- 1467-6303. ; 37:4, s. 280-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much to Apple's chagrin, the ‘suicide express’ at the Foxconn manufacturing complex in China has been widely reported. While outsourcing the manufacture of technology components is neither new nor unique, the external sourcing of digital content is integral to the success of Apple's business model. In 2008, Apple opened up their platform to third-party IT developers, leveraging their expertise for the supply of applications. Apple's rapid dominance of the mobile market led to the emergence of a business model that weaves together Internet-enabled mobile devices with digital content, brought together within a closed proprietary platform or ecosystem. Applying a Global Production Network analysis, this paper reports on fieldwork among Apple mobile application developers in Sweden, the UK, and the US. The analysis shows that although some developers experience success, financial returns remain elusive and many encounter intense pressure to generate and market new products in a competitive and saturated market. Crowdsourcing allows Apple to effectively source development to a global base of software developers, capitalizing on the mass production of digital products while simultaneously managing to sidestep the incurred costs and responsibilities associated with directly employing a high-tech workforce.
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| 13. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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‘The future’s bright, the future’s mobile’ : a study of Apple and Google mobile application developers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Work, Employment and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 27:6, s. 964-981
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software work is often depicted as a ‘sunrise occupation’, consisting of knowledge workers that are able to craft stable careers. The aim of this article is to question this account by analysing the experiences of mobile applications developers, with a focus on Apple and Google platforms. The analysis is situated in the context of wider socioeconomic trends and developments in product and technology markets, since these structures frame the working practices of software developers. Drawing on qualitative fieldwork in Sweden, the UK, and the US, the study reveals how changing market structures have given rise to increasingly precarious working conditions and unstable labour markets.
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| 14. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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User driven service design and innovation platforms
- 2013
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Ingår i: HCI International 2013 - Posters’ Extended Abstracts. - Berlin : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9783642394720 - 9783642394737 ; , s. 3-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrating consumers into the design and development process of IT is a promising strategy for companies. To stimulate this co-production of IT through end-user programming specific user platforms for innovation have been developed. In this paper we illustrate how end-user programming and configurations has been a successful practice throughout the history of the PC – from the early stationary computers in the 80s, via the development of the web, to recent toolkits for end-user configuration of mobile hardware. While this trend has been stable this paper illustrate how corresponding support for end-user programming of mobile applications is still missing. To address this need this paper presents the SATIN platform and its underlying design concepts. We view this as a contribution for advancing the development of innovation platforms and as an illustration of how concept design can help in envisioning the next step in user-driven service design.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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User expressions translated into requirements
- 2010
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Ingår i: Human Technology. - : Centre of Sociological Research, NGO. - 1795-6889. ; 6:2, s. 212-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grounding the development of mobile and ubiquitous services on actual needs and behaviors of users, rather than on designers intuition, is a well established tradition today. However, gathering data about users in different contexts usually result in large amounts of data that have to be analyzed and translated into requirements. This is a crucial process in the development cycle and its outcome is usually very dependent on the preconceptions of the developers or researchers. Despite this strong element of subjective influence the translation process is seldom made transparent. Nor are the user needs related to psychological discussions and existing taxonomies. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to contribute to the field by presenting a process for translating user expressions to needs and later to requirements using Reiss taxonomy of human needs as a theoretical base. Using this translation process we were able to identify two hierarchical levels of needs: needs of a service and needs in the service. The process also made it possible for us to see needs hidden in general expressions and to reformulate them accordingly. Further, it generated a clear traceability from user expressions to requirements, and finally, confirmed the importance of focusing on, and understanding, the situated needs of users.
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| 17. |
- Bergvall-Kåreborn, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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User toolkits for citizen-centric mobild service innovation
- 2012
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Ingår i: eChallenges e-2012 Conference Proceedings. - : IIMC International Information Management Corporation. - 9781905824359
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Around the world, there is an ongoing shift from en economy focusing on product development to an economy with focus on digital service development. An ongoing initiative in Europe to support this shift is the Internet of Services (IoS) which strives for a situation where everything that is needed to use a software is available as a service. The aim of this paper is to present a toolkit that non-programmers can use develop their own innovative mobile services. This environment strives to put forth a situation where technologies are made available as components that easily can be composed into a mobile services by just about anyone. This has tremendous impact on the feasibility of citizen-centric services where citizens create apps based on their current needs in their contemporary situation.
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| 18. |
-
Creating Value for All Through IT : IFIP WG 8.6 International Conference on Transfer and Diffusion of IT, TDIT 2014, Aalborg, Denmark, June 2-4, 2014. Proceedings
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.6 International Working Conference "Creating Value for All Through IT" on Transfer and Diffusion of IT, TDIT 2014, held in Aalborg, Denmark, in June 2014. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 5 research-in-progress papers, 2 experience reports and a panel were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. The full papers are organized in the following topical sections: creating value; creating value through software development; and creating value through applications.
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| 19. |
- Holst, Marita, et al.
(författare)
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Openness in Living Labs – Facilitating Innovation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd IRIS Seminar.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation has come to replace efficiency and quality as the main source of competitive advantage for firms from the 1990s onwards. Hence, to an increasing extent, organisations need to consider in which ways they can achieve higher levels of innovative thinking and flexibility. Moreover, the creation of today's complex systems of products, services and processes requires a merging of knowledge from diverse perspectives, e.g. disciplinary or skill-based. One common way to meet these challenges is to set up boundary crossing collaborative groups. The idea is that innovative processes can be fertilised by having people with differentiated knowledge collaborating. Knowledge necessary for innovation and product/service development is, therefore, increasingly distributed both within and across organisations or other types of stakeholders, posing new challenges. To manage these challenges one new approach is evolving, called Living Labs. In this paper we present an innovative development process of a mobile service, taking a Living Lab approach. This paper focus on the effects of openness in an innovation process supported by a Living Lab approach for development of mobile services. The study shows that the innovation process was remarkably shortened in the open and multi-perspective process.
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| 20. |
- Johansson, Jeaneth, et al.
(författare)
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Business models at work in the mobile service sector
- 2012
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Ingår i: iBusiness. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2150-4075 .- 2150-4083. ; 4:1, s. 84-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to enhance the knowledge of business models in the mobile service sector by exploring their key mechanisms and underlying components. By combining the business model literature with empirical interview-based case studies of 69 business models in the mobile service sector, it illustrates the findings of a longitudinal case study of a business model design attached to an iPhone application. A model for managing business model design in an open innovation context of mobile services is proposed. The model extends earlier frameworks by adding contingency aspects and the view of core resources for addressing logics in the dynamic sector. Findings highlight the importance of ventures in the mobile service sector continually managing the business model design in order to support the sustainability of their business models.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Jeaneth, et al.
(författare)
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Projekt: MeMo - Meta-affärsmodell för mobila tjänster
- 2010
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Syftet med detta projekt är att identifiera affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster och att föreslå en meta-affärsmodell som kan tillvarata affärspotential genom samverkan mellan aktörer som tjänsteleverantörer, tjänsteförmedlare och kunder i ett större nätverk. I projektet samverkar forskare från fem forskningsområden (industriell marknadsföring, e-handel, redovisning & styrning, informatik, och industriell organisation) vid Luleå tekniska universitet (LTU) för att från sina respektive angreppsvinklar: Identifiera och beskriva affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster. Föreslå en meta-affärsmodell för att möjliggöra effektiva framtida affärer för mobila tjänsteleverantörer. Samla insamlade erfarenheter i ett white paper som kananvändas som stöd för utveckling av framgångsrika affärsmodeller för de deltagande företagen. Synliggöra vetenskapliga resultat i publikationer och presentationer. MeMo-projektet är finansierat av VINNOVA och genomförs i samarbete mellan LTU och TeliaSonera och ett antal av dess nuvarande och framtida tjänsteleverantörer. Genom Centrum för Distansöverbryggande Teknik (CDT) vid LTU och dess Living Lab-nätverk, når projektet ut till stora grupper av slutanvändare.
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| 23. |
- Lassinantti, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Open data in Europe : mapping user groups to future innovation impacts
- 2014
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Ingår i: IRIS: Selected Papers of the Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia. - : AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). ; , s. 160-176
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study sets out to advance our understanding of how re-users are being portrayed in policy documents and in a set of topic reports. Drawing on user innovation theories, implications are discussed for the future innovation scene and its main identified user groups: companies and developers, researchers, journalists and non-governmental organisations. Findings reveal differences between the two types of documents, both in relation to the user groups presented and their role in the value chain. While the policy documents mainly acknowledged user groups belonging to the ICT sector and emphasised economic values, the topic reports presented a much more diverse and heterogeneous view of open data users; revealing that there is no ‘one’ user group and impact’, rather, outcomes such as service innovation were related to all user groups. In particular, possible implications for innovation were related to three areas: 1) which re-user groups are acknowledged in the selected policy documents and topic reports?, 2) where in the data value chain are the different re-users placed and what value are they expected to generate?, 3) how might the current way of portraying re-users in policy documents and topic reports influence the shaping of the emerging open data innovation scene? For conclusion, this paper points to the identified simplistic view of user group’s relation to innovation in the policy documents as a possible hindrance for obtaining a broad innovation scene where heterogeneous innovations can emerge.
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| 24. |
- Lassinantti, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping Local Open Data Initiatives: Politics and Implications
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research. - 0718-1876. ; 9:2, s. 17-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores different perspectives attributed to the open data initiatives and how these perspectives shape the opening-up process. A socio-technical lens, the social construction of technology, was used to analyse a qualitative cross-case study of two Swedish municipalities. Findings revealed two ways of interpreting open data initiatives: 1) as a platform for techno-economic growth and 2) as a platform for co-created societal growth. These two approaches addressed the municipalities respective contextual challenges and interests alongside national recommendations in their aims to realize the open data initiative. In doing so, they diverged into the evolvement toward two different ends: the realization of open data and the realization of open government. To excel the understanding of actions taken to meet these ends, an additional set of differences between these municipalities is provided within a sociotechnical framework that allows us to discuss diverging evolvements of open data initiatives based on agreed and non-agreed interpretations of what is believed to be constructed.
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| 25. |
- Melander-Wikman, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Developing mobile ICT for improved health, safety and well-being together with elderly people : experiences from the MyHealth@Age (2008-2010) project
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ubiquitous Healthcare and Supporting Technolgies (UBI-HEALTH'10). ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The population is ageing in most economically developed countries. For elderly persons, safety is seen as important. The fear of falling is an experience that has been reported by numerous studies. Falls present the most common cause of injury in old age. A "health ageing paradigm" is a comprehensive approach to prevent injuries from falling. Home-based and mobile monitoring technology is considered to assist elderly people in terms of keeping healthy and staying at home longer. The MyHealth@Age Project (2008-2010) involves partners from Northern Ireland, Norway and Sweden. It aims to provide mobile ICT products and services to promote a process of healthy ageing. Thirteen elderly persons, 63-80 years of age, are the research persons in the Swedish part. The project-methodology is participatory and collaborative. It draws upon FormIT, Participatory and Appreciative Action & Reflection research (PAAR) and Living Lab approaches. Three areas were identified; safety, prescribed healthcare and social networking. Safety and freedom of mobility were the most important identified needs. Much of the learning was accumulated with regard to the processes of empowerment. It is important to co-construct empowering research and development methodologies, products and services, which promote social participation of elderly persons in order to keep healthy, safe and to promote well-being
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