| 1. |
- Ahmed, Moinuddin, et al.
(författare)
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Continental-scale temperature variability during the past two millennia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Geoscience. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 6:5, s. 339-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Past global climate changes had strong regional expression. To elucidate their spatio-temporal pattern, we reconstructed past temperatures for seven continental-scale regions during the past one to two millennia. The most coherent feature in nearly all of the regional temperature reconstructions is a long-term cooling trend, which ended late in the nineteenth century. At multi-decadal to centennial scales, temperature variability shows distinctly different regional patterns, with more similarity within each hemisphere than between them. There were no globally synchronous multi-decadal warm or cold intervals that define a worldwide Medieval Warm Period or Little Ice Age, but all reconstructions show generally cold conditions between ad 1580 and 1880, punctuated in some regions by warm decades during the eighteenth century. The transition to these colder conditions occurred earlier in the Arctic, Europe and Asia than in North America or the Southern Hemisphere regions. Recent warming reversed the long-term cooling; during the period ad 1971–2000, the area-weighted average reconstructed temperature was higher than any other time in nearly 1,400 years.
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| 2. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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1600-talet – det kallaste århundradet
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sveriges historia : 1600–1721. - Stockholm : Norstedts. - 9789113024400 ; , s. 441-445
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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A new reconstruction of temperature variability in the extra-tropical Northern Hemisphere during the last two millennia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography. - Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0435-3676 .- 1468-0459. ; 92A:3, s. 339-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new temperature reconstruction with decadal resolution, covering the last two millennia, is presented for the extra-tropical Northern Hemisphere (90–30°N), utilizing many palaeotemperature proxy records never previously included in any large-scale temperature reconstruction. The amplitude of the reconstructed temperature variability on centennial time-scales exceeds 0.6°C. This reconstruction is the first to show a distinct Roman Warm Period c. AD 1–300, reaching up to the 1961–1990 mean temperature level, followed by the Dark Age Cold Period c. AD 300–800. The Medieval Warm Period is seen c. AD 800–1300 and the Little Ice Age is clearly visible c. AD 1300–1900, followed by a rapid temperature increase in the twentieth century. The highest average temperatures in the reconstruction are encountered in the mid to late tenth century and the lowest in the late seventeenth century. Decadal mean temperatures seem to have reached or exceeded the 1961–1990 mean temperature level during substantial parts of the Roman Warm Period and the Medieval Warm Period. The temperature of the last two decades, however, is possibly higher than during any previous time in the past two millennia, although this is only seen in the instrumental temperature data and not in the multi-proxy reconstruction itself. Our temperature reconstruction agrees well with the reconstructions by Moberg et al. (2005) and Mann et al. (2008) with regard to the amplitude of the variability as well as the timing of warm and cold periods, except for the period c. AD 300–800, despite significant differences in both data coverage and methodology.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Female Shame, Male Honor : The Chastity Code in Juan Luis Vives’ De institutione feminae Christianae
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Family History. - : SAGE Publications. - 0363-1990 .- 1552-5473. ; 37:2, s. 139-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the light of some key concepts from the chastity codes described by anthropological research for honor societies in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East, this article examines the chastity code for women that the Spanish Renaissance humanist Juan Luis Vives (1492/3–1540) advocated in his work De institutione feminae Christianae (1524/1538). Aspects, such as gender order, restrictions on women’s physical freedom of movement, regulations and instructions regarding women’s clothing, and various rules for women’s outward conduct, are studied. It can be established that Vives advocated a very traditional, patriarchal view of women, exhorting very strict gender segregation and female seclusion. He prescribed very tight restrictions on women’s freedom, with a view to controlling female sexuality, an aspect of Vives that previous research has not paid full attention to.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Jakten på kung Magnus
- 2013
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Ingår i: Populär Historia. - 1102-0822. ; :11, s. 30-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 10. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Klimat, missväxt och extremt väder 1830–1920
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sveriges historia : 1830–1920. - Stockholm : Norstedts Förlag. - 9789113024424 ; , s. 289-292
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 11. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Klimat och väder i Sverige 1721–1830
- 2011
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Ingår i: Sveriges historia 1721–1830. - Stockholm : Norstedts Förlag. - 9789113024417 ; , s. 124-126
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 12. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Kungamakten och lagen : En jämförelse mellan Danmark, Norge och Sverige under högmedeltiden
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation is a comparative study of the expansion of law-regulated royal power in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden c. 1150–1350. The aim is to examine how the king’s judicial and military authority and functions, and their effect on the power position of the regional legal assembly and the church, is expressed and how it changed over time in the extant law material. The starting point is the pan-European consolidation of royal power in the High Middle Ages, and the dissertation considers international research on the medieval state formation process and its driving forces. The processual concepts of centralization, institutionalization, hierarchization, and territorialization occupy a central place in the analysis.Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish laws all reflect a significant increase in royal power. A growing number of societal functions were vested in the increasingly institutionalized kingship, and there was a growth in its power resources. At the same time, it is possible to identify crucial inter-Scandinavian differences. A main finding is that the law-regulated royal power, in most respects, was strongest in Norway and weakest in Sweden. Another important conclusion is that executive royal power first emerged after the judicial and also legislative power had already to a large extent come under royal control.It is demonstrated that Scandinavian kingship in the High Middle Ages was characterized by increasingly centralized and institutionalized territorially based power, with a greater monopoly on the use of legitimate force, and thereby strengthened the ongoing state formation process. The expansion of law-regulated royal power primarily concerned the judicial sphere and only secondarily the military and fiscal spheres. That state formation was driven by judicial development rather than militarization is also shown by the fact that Norway, despite having the least professionalized and resource-demanding armed forces, was the Scandinavian country with the most centralized and institutionalized royal power.
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| 13. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Miljöfrågan i det moderna Sverige
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sveriges historia. 1965–2012. - Stockholm : Norstedts Förlag. - 9789113023915 ; , s. 236-239
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 14. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Mongolernas rykte nådde även Sverige
- 2013
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Ingår i: Populär Historia. - 1102-0822. ; :4, s. 62-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 15. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Northern Hemisphere temperature patterns in the last 12 centuries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 8, s. 227-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the spatio-temporal patterns of temperature variability over Northern Hemisphere land areas, on centennial time-scales, for the last 12 centuries using an unprecedentedly large network of temperature-sensitive proxy records. Geographically widespread positive temperature anomalies are observed from the 9th to 11th centuries, similar in extent and magnitude to the 20th century mean. A dominance of widespread negative anomalies is observed from the 16th to 18th centuries. Though we find the amplitude and spatial extent of the 20th century warming is within the range of natural variability over the last 12 centuries, we also find that the rate of warming from the 19th to the 20th century is unprecedented in the context of the last 1200 yr. The positive Northern Hemisphere temperature change from the 19th to the 20th century is clearly the largest between any two consecutive centuries in the past 12 centuries. These results remain robust even after removing a significant number of proxies in various tests of robustness showing that the choice of proxies has no particular influence on the overall conclusions of this study.
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| 16. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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När européerna erövrade världen
- 2010
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Ingår i: Populär Historia. - 1102-0822. ; :1, s. 62-63
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Recension (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Rekord i fåfänga men inte i köld
- 2010
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Ingår i: Expressen. - 1103-923X. ; söndagen den 10 januari, s. 4-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 19. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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The Spatio-Temporal Pattern of the Mid-Holocene Thermal Maximum
- 2011
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Ingår i: Geografie–Sborník ČGS. - Prague : Czech Geographic Society. - 1212-0014. ; 116:2, s. 91-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a review of the spatio-temporal pattern of the mid-Holocene Thermal Maximum as it occurs in 60 different reconstructions of annual mean temperature from locations around the globe. The geographical coherency of multi-centennial periods with annual mean temperatures at least 1°C and 2°C above the pre-industrial (~1750 AD) equivalents are presented. Although the reconstructions show a heterogeneous temperature pattern for the period c. 10–8 ka BP, a rather coherent period of temperatures exceeding the pre-industrial ones are seen for c. 8–4 ka BP. The onset of the Neoglaciation takes place 4–3 ka BP and cumulates during the Little Ice Age (c. 1300–1900 AD). Overall, our review points towards a more homogeneous mid-Holocene Thermal Maximum than hitherto reported. However, the still limited data coverage, especially for the Southern Hemisphere, restricts the possibility to draw any firm conclusion regarding the amplitude and spatio-temporal pattern of the maximum mid-Holocene warming.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik, 1982-
(författare)
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Vulkanhysterin gör oss till hedningar
- 2010
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Ingår i: Expressen. - 1103-923X. ; :20 april, s. 4-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 22. |
- Christiansen, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Reconstruction of the Extratropical NH Mean Temperature over the Last Millennium with a Method that Preserves Low-Frequency Variability
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Climate. - Boston : American Meteorological Society. - 0894-8755 .- 1520-0442. ; 24:23, s. 6013-6034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new multiproxy reconstruction of the Northern Hemisphere extratropical mean temperature over the last millennium is presented. The reconstruction is performed with a novel method designed to avoid the underestimation of low-frequency variability that has been a general problem for regression-based reconstruction methods. The disadvantage of this method is an exaggerated high-frequency variability. The reconstruction is based on a set of 40 proxies of annual to decadal resolution that have been shown to relate to the local temperature. The new reconstruction shows a very cold Little Ice Age centered around the 17th century with a cold extremum (for 50-yr smoothing) of about 1.1 K below the temperature of the calibration period, AD 1880–1960. This cooling is about twice as large as corresponding numbers reported by most other reconstructions. In the beginning of the millennium the new reconstruction shows small anomalies in agreement with previous studies. However, the new temperature reconstruction decreases faster than previous reconstructions in the first 600 years of the millennium and has a stronger variability. The salient features of the new reconstruction are shown to be robust to changes in the calibration period, the source of the local temperatures, the spatial averaging procedure, and the screening process applied to the proxies. An ensemble pseudoproxy approach is applied to estimate the confidence intervals of the 50-yr smoothed reconstruction showing that the period AD 1500–1850 is significantly colder than the calibration period.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Christiansen, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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The extra-tropical Northern Hemisphere temperature in the last two millennia : reconstructions of low-frequency variability
- 2012
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Ingår i: Climate of the Past. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1814-9324 .- 1814-9332. ; 8:2, s. 765-786
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present two new multi-proxy reconstructions of the extra-tropical Northern Hemisphere (30–90° N) mean temperature: a two-millennia long reconstruction reaching back to 1 AD and a 500-yr long reconstruction reaching back to 1500 AD. The reconstructions are based on compilations of 32 and 91 proxies, respectively, of which only little more than half pass a screening procedure and are included in the actual reconstructions. The proxies are of different types and of different resolutions (annual, annual-to-decadal, and decadal) but all have previously been shown to relate to local or regional temperature. We use a reconstruction method, LOCal (LOC), that recently has been shown to confidently reproduce low-frequency variability. Confidence intervals are obtained by an ensemble pseudo-proxy method that both estimates the variance and the bias of the reconstructions. The two-millennia long reconstruction shows a well defined Medieval Warm Period, with a peak warming ca. 950–1050 AD reaching 0.6 °C relative to the reference period 1880–1960 AD. The 500-yr long reconstruction confirms previous results obtained with the LOC method applied to a smaller proxy compilation; in particular it shows the Little Ice Age cumulating in 1580–1720 AD with a temperature minimum of −1.0 °C below the reference period. The reconstructed local temperatures, the magnitude of which are subject to wide confidence intervals, show a rather geographically homogeneous Little Ice Age, while more geographical inhomogeneities are found for the Medieval Warm Period. Reconstructions based on different subsets of proxies show only small differences, suggesting that LOC reconstructs 50-yr smoothed extra-tropical NH mean temperatures well and that low-frequency noise in the proxies is a relatively small problem.
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| 25. |
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