| 1. |
- Adcox, K, et al.
(författare)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ward, D., et al.
(författare)
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Band Structure of 68Ge
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 63:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nucleus Ge-68 has been studied by gamma-ray spectroscopy following its population at high spin in the reaction Ca-40(S-32,4p) Ge-68. The reaction channel was selected with the Microball array and gamma rays were detected with the Gammasphere array. The level scheme is very complex, reflecting the many different, and presumably mixed, excitation modes in this nucleus. Nevertheless, there appear to be some simplifications in the spin range above 18 (h) over bar where we have identified a superdeformed band and several terminating bands. The results are compared with a cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky model without pairing.
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| 5. |
- Kelsall, N. S., et al.
(författare)
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Testing mean-field models near the N=Z line : gamma-ray spectroscopy of the T-z=1/2 nucleus Kr-73
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 65:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in the N=Z+1 nucleus Kr-73 have been investigated using the Ca-40(Ar-36,2pn) and Ca-40(Ca-40,alpha2pn) reactions at 145 and 160 MeV, respectively. gamma rays were detected using the Gammasphere array and events were recorded in coincidence with charged-particle and neutron detectors. The three previously observed bands were extended to high spin, and a new unfavored positive-parity band has been observed. The alignment characteristics and decay properties of the bands are all consistent with large-deformation prolate rotation, with no clear evidence for oblate bands or shape coexistence. This is quite different from neighboring Kr-72,Kr-74, indicating a strong shape-stabilizing role for the valence neutron. The experimental results are compared to extended total Routhian surface, cranked Nilsson Strutinsky, and cranked relativistic mean-field calculations. The results suggest that the paired calculations lack some important physics. Neutron-proton correlations may be the missing ingredient. There is also evidence for an unusual band crossing in the negative-parity bands, which may indicate the presence of T=0 pairing correlations. At high spin all the models can reproduce the experimental data.
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| 6. |
- Ideguchi, E., et al.
(författare)
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Orbifold projection in supersymmetric QCD at N(f) ≤ N(c)
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 492:3-4, s. 369-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supersymmetric orbifold projection of N = 1 SQCD with relatively small number of flavors (N(f) ≤ N(c)) is considered. The purpose is to check whether orbifolding commutes with the infrared limit. On the one hand, one considers the orbifold projection of SQCD and obtains the low-energy description of the resulting theory. On the other hand, one starts with the low-energy effective theory of the original SQCD, and only then performs orbifolding. It is shown that at finite N(c) the two low-energy theories obtained in these ways are different. However, in the case of stabilized run-away vacuum these two theories are shown to coincide in the large N(c) limit. In the case of quantum modified moduli space, topological solitons carrying baryonic charges are present in the orbifolded low-energy theory. These solitons may restore the correspondence between the two theories provided that the soliton mass tends to zero in the large N(c) limit. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Vanholder, R, et al.
(författare)
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Uremic toxicity: present state of the art
- 2001
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Ingår i: The International journal of artificial organs. - : SAGE Publications. - 0391-3988 .- 1724-6040. ; 24:10, s. 695-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The uremic syndrome is a complex mixture of organ dysfunctions, which is attributed to the retention of a myriad of compounds that under normal condition are excreted by the healthy kidneys (uremic toxins). In the area of identification and characterization of uremic toxins and in the knowledge of their pathophysiologic importance, major steps forward have been made during recent years. The present article is a review of several of these steps, especially in the area of information about the compounds that could play a role in the development of cardiovascular complications. It is written by those members of the Uremic Toxins Group, which has been created by the European Society for Artificial Organs (ESAO). Each of the 16 authors has written a state of the art in his/her major area of interest.
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| 10. |
- Bagwell, C B, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing flow cytometric DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction as independent prognostic markers for node-negative breast cancer specimens
- 2001
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Ingår i: Cytometry. - : Wiley. - 0196-4763 .- 1097-0320. ; 46:3, s. 121-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing a reliable and quantitative assessment of the potential virulence of a malignancy has been a long-standing goal in clinical cytometry. DNA histogram analysis provides valuable information on the cycling activity of a tumor population through S-phase estimates; it also identifies nondiploid populations, a possible indicator of genetic instability and subsequent predisposition to metastasis. Because of conflicting studies in the literature, the clinical relevance of both of these potential prognostic markers has been questioned for the management of breast cancer patients. The purposes of this study are to present a set of 10 adjustments derived from a single large study that optimizes the prognostic strength of both DNA ploidy and S-phase and to test the validity of this approach on two other large multicenter studies. Ten adjustments to both DNA ploidy and S-phase were developed from a single node-negative breast cancer database from Baylor College (n = 961 cases). Seven of the adjustments were used to reclassify histograms into low-risk and high-risk ploidy patterns based on aneuploid fraction and DNA index optimum thresholds resulting in prognostic P values changing from little (P < 0.02) or no significance to P < 0.000005. Other databases from Sweden (n = 210 cases) and France (n = 220 cases) demonstrated similar improvement of DNA ploidy prognostic significance, P < 0.02 to P < 0.0009 and P < 0.12 to P < 0.002, respectively. Three other adjustments were applied to diploid and aneuploid S-phases. These adjustments eliminated a spurious correlation between DNA ploidy and S-phase and enabled them to combine independently into a powerful prognostic model capable of stratifying patients into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups (P < 0.000005). When the Baylor prognostic model was applied to the Sweden and French databases, similar significant patient stratifications were observed (P < 0.0003 and P < 0.00001, respectively). The successful transference of the Baylor prognostic model to other studies suggests that the proposed adjustments may play an important role in standardizing this test and provide valuable prognostic information to those involved in the management of breast cancer patients.
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| 11. |
- Baldetorp, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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DNA and cell cycle analysis as prognostic indicators in breast tumors revisited
- 2001
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Ingår i: Clinics in Laboratory Medicine. - 0272-2712 .- 1557-9832. ; 21:4, s. 875-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both DNA ploidy and S-phase ploidy are promising prognostic factors for node-negative breast cancer patients. Based largely on the analysis of one large study, much of the reported problems with these factors have been caused by some unappreciated complexities in categorizing DNA ploidy into low- and high-risk groups and the lack of some necessary adjustments to eliminate unwanted correlations between DNA S-phase and ploidy. When both DNA ploidy and S-phase are compensated properly, they become independent prognostic markers, forming a powerful prognostic model.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Pfohl, J., et al.
(författare)
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Highly deformed rotational structures in 136Pm
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813. ; 62:3, s. 313041-313045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four highly deformed structures in the odd-odd nucleus 13661Pm75 were observed via the 105Pd(35Cl,2p2n) reaction at 180 and 173 MeV using the GAMMASPHERE γ-ray spectrometer and the Microball charged-particle detector array. Quadrupole moment measurements were performed on all of the bands. In contrast to lighter odd-Ζ Pm and Pr nuclei, bands based on the g9/2[404]9/2 proton orbital were not observed. Instead, the four observed sequences are assigned as a coupling of an i13/2 neutron with the low-Ω h11/2 and mixed d5/2g7/2 orbitals. Comparisons with neighboring highly deformed structures are discussed and cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations for 136Pm are presented.
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| 14. |
- Bagwell, CB, et al.
(författare)
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Multivariate analyses of flow cytometric S-phase and ploidy as node-negative breast cancer prognostic factors : an international and multi-center study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Abstract Issue, 24th Annual San Antonio, Breast Cancer Symposium. December 10-13, 2001 San Antonio Marriott Rivercenter, Texas, USA.. ; , s. 260-260
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently a set of ten adjustments that optimizes the prognostic strength of both DNA ploidy (P) and S-phase (S) was published (Cytometry, 46(3), 2001). Also presented was an optimal method of combining P and S (P+S) that stratifies node-negative patients into highly significant risk groups. The adjustments compensate for many unappreciated complexities in categorizing P into low and high risk groups and eliminate unwanted correlation between P and S. The purpose of this study is to examine P+S in the context of other well-known prognostic factors such as primary size (pT), estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER,PR) and menopausal status (MS). Methods: DNA histograms derived from frozen primary tumors and clinical databases were provided by Baylor College, n=935; Sweden, n=210 (Lund, Linkoping, Stockholm) and France, n=220 (Angers, Marseille, Saint Cloud, Tours). Time to metastasis was the tested clinical outcome. Results: Cox proportional hazards analysis of theBaylor data revealed P+S, p<0.000002, and pT, p<0.003, as independent significant prognostic factors. The Sweden study also showed P+S the mostsignificant prognostic factor, p<0.002, as well as MS, p<0.004 and ER, p<0.007. The French study results were MS, p<0.0005, P+S, p<0.002 and pT, p<0.007.A P+S, MS and pT prognostic model stratified patients in all studies into highly significant categories, Baylor, p<0.000005, Sweden, p<0.00001, and French, p<0.000005, with low and high risk 10-year relapse-free survival fractions of 0.92-0.69, 0.95-0.58 and 0.96-0.60 respectively. Conclusion: A combined P+S, MS and pT prognostic model is a powerful and reliable method of stratifying node-negative breast cancer patients into highly significant prognostic groups.
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| 15. |
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Future train traffic control, control by re-planning
- 2004
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most vehicle domains within the transportation sector, traffic is increasing and vehicles are becoming more technologically advanced. In addition to this, drivers are faced with conflicting goals, such as punctuality, maintaining safety, minimizing fuel consumption, ensuring passenger comfort, etc. When accidents occur, the drivers' actions and mishaps are often in focus, even though the work environment, the organization behind the drivers, and the educational level may provide equally important explanations for incidents and actions.In this thesis, factors influencing operators' behaviour are acknowledged and attempts are made to understand how these factors affect vehicle operators in their daily work. Even though modern vehicles are equipped with new technology that supposedly aids drivers, studies of actual work typically reveal that these tools are not necessarily suited for their purpose.In a larger perspective, it is necessary not only to improve this technology, but to redesign how vehicle drivers perform their work. In practice, also traditional processes for development of technology affect how the operators work, although then simply a side effect of technology being introduced. Based on a deep understanding of the operators' work, the long-term goal here is to instead design new ways of working that allows the operators to use their skills to do meaningful driving tasks supported by technology.To acquire this understanding of how the operators work, a new method of information acquisition has been developed and tested within the rail and marine domains. These studies resulted with an understanding of what train and high-speed ferry operators are occupied with during their journeys, as well as insights into why they perform in certain manners and how they think and reason about these tasks.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Johnston, L. B., et al.
(författare)
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Association between insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) polymorphisms, circulating IGF-I, and pre- and postnatal growth in two European small for gestational age populations
- 2003
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Ingår i: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. ; 88:10, s. 4805-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to assess the association of IGF-I and birth size by studying small for gestational age (SGA) subphenotypes and undertaking more detailed analysis of IGF-I genetic markers. SGA subjects from Haguenau, France (n = 113), and Gothenburg, Sweden (n = 174), were studied. The Swedish subjects were subphenotyped according to postnatal growth (114 short SGA and 60 SGA catch-up). IGF-I dinucleotide repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were studied, and haplotypes were generated in the Swedish short SGA group by identity of state. Association analysis was undertaken using the Monte Carlo method of association analysis of multiallelic markers for dinucleotide repeat markers, by exact chi(2) analysis for SNPs and by ANOVA for serum IGF-I levels. IGF-I genotype was associated with the SGA phenotype, in particular with symmetrical SGA and low birth weight, and with IGF-I levels in SGA subjects. Association with postnatal growth was different in the two populations, which may reflect the power of the smaller subphenotype groups. Haplotype analysis in the Swedish short SGA subjects showed that the region of association lay between the promoter and intron 2 of the IGF-I gene. These studies validate the association of the IGF-I gene with birth size and refine the region of association in Swedish short SGA subjects.
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| 18. |
- Lindmark, F, et al.
(författare)
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H6D polymorphism in macrophage-inhibitory cytokine-1 gene associated with prostate cancer
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - Umea Univ, Dept Radiat Sci Oncol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden. Umea Univ Hosp, Dept Urol & Androl, S-90185 Umea, Sweden. Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Human Genomics, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Urol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. : OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC. - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 96:16, s. 1248-1254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accumulating epidemiologic and molecular evidence suggest that inflammation is an important component in the etiology of prostate cancer. Macrophage-inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, is thought to play an important role in inflammation by regulating macrophage activity. We examined whether sequence variants in the MIC-1 gene are associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Methods: The study population, a population-based case-control study in Sweden, consisted of 1383 prostate cancer case patients and 780 control subjects. From 94 of the control subjects, we constructed gene-specific haplotypes of MIC-1 and identified four haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): Exon1+25 (V9L), Exon1+142 (S48T), IVS1+1809, and Exon2+2423 (H6D). All study subjects were genotyped for the four SNPs, and conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A statistically significant difference (P = .006) in genotype frequency was observed for the nonsynonymous change H6D) (histidine to aspartic acid at position 6) between prostate cancer patients and control subjects. Carriers of the GC genotype, which results in the H6D change, experienced a lower risk of sporadic prostate cancer (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66 to 0.97) and of familial prostate cancer (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.42 to 0.89) than the CC genotype carriers. In the study population, the proportion of prostate cancer cases attributable to the CC genotype was 7.2% for sporadic cancer and 19.2% for familial cancer. None of the other SNPs or haplotypes was associated with prostate cancer. Conclusion: This study shows an association between a nonsynonymous change (H6D) in the MIC-1 gene and prostate cancer. This finding supports the hypothesis that genetic variation in the inflammatory process contributes to prostate cancer susceptibility.
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| 19. |
- Singh, AK, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for noncollective oblate structures at high spin in Cs-123
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 70:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in Cs-123 were populated in the Ni-64(Ni-64,p4n) reaction at a beam energy of 265 MeV. Gamma-ray coincidences were measured using the Gammasphere spectrometer. Two additional bands have been placed in the level scheme and the four previously known bands have been extended to higher spin. At the highest spins, two of the bands show irregular level sequences. These structures of noncollective excitations, which compete with collective rotation, are interpreted as band-terminating states. The results are compared to cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations, and configuration assignments to the bands and to the terminating states are discussed.
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