| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(författare)
-
Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Theoretical background
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Urban Drainage in Specific Climates : Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates. - Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates.. ; :40, s. 23-40
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Davies, G, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical properties of a silver-related defect in silicon
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 67:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Doping crystalline silicon with silver results in a photoluminescence center with multiplet zero-phonon structure near 778.9 meV. We show that the published assignments of the vibronic sidebands are wrong, with severe implications for the relative transition probabilities of the luminescence transitions from the excited states. At low temperature, most of the luminescence intensity derives from the phonon sideband associated with a forbidden zero-phonon line through the phonon-assisted coupling of two of the excited states of the center. The effective mass of the vibration is determined from isotope effects to be close to the mass of one Ag atom. Uniaxial stress and magnetic perturbations establish that the current assignment of the electronic structure of the center is incorrect and that it is best described by a new variant on the "pseudodonor" model. An electron orbits in an effective T-d environment, with an orbital triplet as its lowest-energy state, giving a j=3/2 electron state. A tightly bound hole has its orbital angular momentum quenched by the C-3v symmetry of the center, leaving only spin angular momentum (s=1/2). These particles couple to give J=2,1,0 states. Using this model, the temperature dependence of both the total luminescence intensity and measured radiative decay time can be understood. These data allow an estimate to be made of the thermally induced transition rate of the electron from the effective-mass excited states into the conduction band.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Moberg, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Day-to-day temperature variability trends in 160-to 275-year-long European instrumental records
- 2000
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES. - : AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION. - 0747-7309. ; 105:D18, s. 22849-22868
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Day-to-day temperature variability is investigated in eight European series of daily mean temperatures beginning between 1722 and 1833. Eight statistical measures of day-to-day temperature variability are compared. The intramonthly standard deviation of d
|
|
| 13. |
- Oh, H, et al.
(författare)
-
gyrA Mutations associated with quinolone resistance in Bacteroides fragilis group strains
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. - 0066-4804 .- 1098-6596. ; 45:7, s. 1977-1981
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in the gyrA gene contribute considerably to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Mechanisms for quinolone resistance in anaerobic bacteria are less well studied. The Bacteroides fragilis group are the anaerobic organisms most frequently isolated from patients with bacteremia and intraabdominal infections. Forty-four clinafloxacin-resistant and-susceptible fecal and clinical isolates of the B. fragilis group (eight Bacteroides fragilis, three Bacteroides ovatus, five Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, six Bacteroides uniformis, and 22 Bacteroides vulgatus) and six ATCC strains of the B. fragilis group were analyzed as follows: (i) determination of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and clinafloxacin by the agar dilution method and (ii) sequencing of the gyrA quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) located between amino acid residues equivalent to Ala-67 through Gln-106 in E. coli. Amino acid substitutions were found at hotspots at positions 82 (n = 15) and 86 (n = 8). Strains with Ser82Leu substitutions (n = 13) were highly resistant to all quinolones tested. Mutations in other positions of gyrA were also frequently found in quinolone-resistant and -susceptible isolates. Eight clinical strains that lacked mutations in their QRDR were susceptible to at least two of the quinolones tested. Although newer quinolones have good antimicrobial activity against the B. fragilis group, quinolone resistance in B. fragilis strains can be readily selected in vivo. Mutational events in the QRDR of gyrA seem to contribute to quinolone resistance in Bacteroides species.
|
|
| 14. |
- Semadeni Davies, Annette, et al.
(författare)
-
Snow and snowmelt
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Urban Drainage in Specific Climates : Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates. - Vol II: Urban Drainage in Cold Climates.. ; :40, s. 41-70
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
