| 1. |
- Aaron, F. D., et al.
(författare)
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Multi-leptons with high transverse momentum at HERA
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1029-8479. ; :10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Events with at least two high transverse momentum leptons (electrons or muons) are studied using the H1 and ZEUS detectors at HERA with an integrated luminosity of 0.94 fb(-1). The observed numbers of events are in general agreement with the Standard Model predictions. Seven di- and tri-lepton events are observed in e(+)p collision data with a scalar sum of the lepton transverse momenta above 100 GeV while 1.94 +/- 0.17 events are expected. Such events are not observed in e(-)p collisions for which 1.19 +/- 0.12 are predicted. Total visible and differential di-electron and di-muon photoproduction cross sections are extracted in a restricted phase space dominated by photon-photon collisions.
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| 2. |
- Atwood, C., et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of EMS-treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe
- 2005
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 67:1, s. 75-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The potential impact of efforts in Europe to improve survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is unclear, in part, because estimates of incidence and survival are uncertain. The aim of the investigation was to determine a representative European incidence and survival from cardiac arrest in all-rhythms and in ventricular fibrillation treated by the emergency medical services (EMS). METHODS AND RESULTS: We used Medline to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 1 January 1980 and 30 June 2004 that reported a European community's EMS cardiac arrest experience. Inclusion criteria required the study to include at least 25 cases, report of the total number of all-rhythm and/or ventricular fibrillation arrests, and information about population size and study duration. The incidence was computed by dividing the total number of events by the product of the community's population and the study duration. Reports from 37 communities met the inclusion criteria. A total of 18,105 all-rhythm EMS-treated cardiac arrests occurred during 48 million person-years of observation, resulting in an overall incidence for all-rhythm arrests of 37.72 per 100,000 person-years. Incidence of ventricular fibrillation arrest was 16.84 per 100,000 person-years. Survival was 10.7% for all-rhythm and 21.2% for ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. Applying these results to the European population, approximately, 275,000 persons would experience, all-rhythm cardiac arrest treated by the EMS with 29,000 persons surviving to hospital discharge. CONCLUSION: The results provide a framework to assess opportunities and limitations of EMS care with regard to the public health burden of cardiac arrest in Europe.
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| 3. |
- Bergström, Clas, et al.
(författare)
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The fate of firms: Explaining Mergers and Bankruptcies
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Empirical Legal studies. - : Wiley. - 1740-1453 .- 1740-1461. ; 2:1, s. 49-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a uniquely complete data set of more than 50,000 observations of approximately 16,000 corporations, we test theories that seek to explain which firms become merger targets and which firms go bankrupt. We find that merger activity is much greater during prosperous periods than during recessions. In bad economic times, firms in industries with high bankruptcy rates are less likely to file for bankruptcy than they are in better years, supporting the market illiquidity arguments made by Shleifer and Vishny (1992). At the firm level, we find that, among poorly performing firms, the likelihood of merger increases with poorer performance, but among better performing firms, the relation is reversed and chances of merger increase with better performance. Such a changing relation has not been detected in prior merger studies. We also find that low-growth, resource-rich firms are prime acquisition targets and that firms’ debt capacity relates negatively to the likelihood of a merger. Debt-related variables, leverage and secured debt, play an especially prominent role in distinguishing between which firms merge and which firms go bankrupt.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Campbell, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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The 7R polymorphism in the dopamine receptor D(4) gene (DRD4) is associated with financial risk taking in men
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evolution and Human Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1090-5138. ; 30:2, s. 85-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals exhibit substantial heterogeneity in financial risk aversion. Recent work on twins demonstrated that some variation is influenced by individual heritable differences. Despite this, there has been no study investigating possible genetic loci associated with financial risk taking in healthy individuals. Here, we examined whether there is an association between financial risk preferences, elicited experimentally in a game with real monetary payoffs, and the presence of the 7-repeat allele (7R+) in the dopamine receptor D(4) gene as well as the presence of the Al allele (Al+) in the dopamine receptor D(2) gene in 94 young men. Although we found no association between the Al allele and risk preferences, we did find that 7R+ men are significantly more risk loving than 7R- men. This polymorphism accounts for roughly 20% of the heritable variation in financial risk taking. We suggest that selection for the 7R allele may be for a behavioral phenotype associated with risk taking. This is consistent with previous evolutionary explanations suggesting that selection for this allele was for behaviors associated with migration and male competition, both of which entail an element of risk. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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