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- Albrecht, E, et al.
(författare)
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Operation, optimisation, and performance of the DELPHI RICH detectors
- 1999
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Ingår i: NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0168-9002. ; 433:1-2, s. 47-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Ring Imaging Cherenkov detectors of DELPHI represent a large-scale particle identification system which covers almost the full angular acceptance of DELPHI. The combination of liquid and gas radiators (C4F10, C5F12, and C6F14) provides particle identi
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- Askling, J, et al.
(författare)
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Increased risk for cancer following sarcoidosis
- 1999
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Ingår i: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. - : American Thoracic Society. - 1073-449X .- 1535-4970. ; 160:55 Pt 1, s. 1668-1672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Dandrea, T, et al.
(författare)
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Differential inhibition of inflammatory cytokine release from cultured alveolar macrophages from smokers and non-smokers by NO2
- 1997
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Ingår i: Human & experimental toxicology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0960-3271 .- 1477-0903. ; 16:10, s. 577-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained from smokers and non-smokers by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were subjected to various concentrations of NO2 in an inverted monolayer exposure model. Culture super natants were collected 4 h after the exposure and assayed for secreted TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 and MIP-1α. The steady state levels of the mRNAs for these cytokines were also analysed in the cells. The adherence of BAL cells to plastic prior to exposure to the gas elevated the steady state mRNA levels of all four cytokines tested in smoker's cells and that of TNF-α and IL-1β, but not IL-8 (MIP-1α not tested), in non-smoker's cells. Interestingly, adherent cells from non-smokers released circa 15-, 3-,1.5- and 3-fold the amounts of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and MIP-1α, respectively, than smoker's cells during control incubation or exposure to air. A 20 min exposure to NO2 (5 or 20 p.p.m.) did not increase the secretion of any of the cytokines from either cell type. In contrast, NO2 caused a concentration- dependent inhibition of the secretion of all cytokines except IL-1β from smoker's cells. Additionally, NO2 greatly diminished the release of all cytokines in response to further treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In contrast, only the secretion of TNF-α from non-smoker's cells was inhibited by the gas in a concentration- dependent manner, whilst LPS-induced secretion of the cytokines was not affected by the gas. The steady state levels of the respective mRNAs for each of the cytokines were not significantly affected in smoker's cells by exposure to NO2, except for a negative, dose-dependent trend in the case of TNF-α. Nitrogen dioxide also failed to elevate the levels of the mRNAs in non-smoker's cells but, again, tended to diminish the levels, particularly of IL-1β mRNA. However, exposure to the gas inhibited LPS- induced accumulation of cytokine mRNAs in smoker's cells only. The data suggest that macrophage-derived cytokine mediators of the sepsis response may not play a role in the generation of NO2-induced inflammation in the human lung. Conversely, the gas seems to non-specifically inhibit the release and/or production of cytokines, particularly from smoker's cells, at the post-transcrip tional level, and impairs the ability of the cells to increase the transcription and release of the cytokines in response to bacterial LPS. The fact that NO2 seriously impaired the already diminished capacity of smoker's cells to release several important pro-inflammatory cytokines, both under control conditions and in response to LPS, strongly suggest that the inhalation of NO2 in cigarette smoke may contribute to impairing host defence against infection in the lung.
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- Dillner, L, et al.
(författare)
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Association of serum antibodies against defined epitopes of human papillomavirus L1, E2, and E7 antigens and of HPV DNA with incident cervical cancer.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Cancer Detection and Prevention. - 0361-090X .- 1873-443X. ; 19:5, s. 381-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to provide a large-scale evaluation of the association with cervical cancer of antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) antigens, sera from 233 patients with primary, untreated cervical cancer and from 157 healthy age- and sex-matched blood donors were analyzed for IgG and IgA antibodies against HPV-derived peptide antigens and against bovine papillomavirus. Several serological responses were strongly associated with cervical cancer, notably the IgG response against the HPV 16 epitopes L1:13 (Relative risk [RR]: 5.3), E2:9 (RR: 2.9), and E7:5 (RR: 4.3), and the IgA response against an HPV 18 E2-derived antigen (245:18, RR: 3.1). HPV DNA in corresponding cervical tumors was analyzed by Southern blotting (SB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 47 patients. Sixty-six percent of the patients carried HPV DNA as determined by SB, 91% of patients analyzed by PCR. Neither the antibody responses, nor the presence of HPV DNA were significantly associated with the biological properties of the tumors.
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- Moses, J, et al.
(författare)
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Biosynthesis of the proteoglycan decorin -- identification of intermediates in galactosaminoglycan assembly
- 1997
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Ingår i: European Journal of Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 0014-2956 .- 1432-1033. ; 248:3, s. 767-774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biosynthesis of decorin was investigated by incubating a rat fibroblast cell line with various radiolabelled protein and galactosaminoglycan precursors. The following cell-associated and distinct intermediates were isolated and identified: a pool of non-glycosylated core protein, two pools of decorin with incomplete chains, one with three sulphated disaccharide repeats and another with five or more sulphated disaccharide repeats, as well as decorin with mature chains. Results of pulse/chase experiments indicated that these pools represented discrete stages in chain growth. Treatment with brefeldin A, which blocks transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, resulted in accumulation of decorin with an incomplete chain containing six or seven largely unsulphated disaccharide repeats. During recovery from drug treatment, 4-sulfation reappeared earlier than 6-sulfation. The results suggest that the galactosaminoglycan assembly-line consists of separate multienzyme complexes that build only a limited section of the chain. Furthermore, brefeldin A causes segregation of compartments involved in separate stages of the assembly line. In an earlier report [Moses, J., Oldberg. A., Cheng, F. & Fransson, L.-A. (1997) Eur. J. Biochem. 248, 521-526] we took advantage of such segregation to identify and characterize a transient 2-phosphorylation of xylose in the linkage region.
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- O'Sullivan, S, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for mast cell activation during exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
- 1998
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 12:2, s. 345-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Controversy remains about the causative mediators in the bronchoconstrictive response to exercise in asthma. This study examined whether mast cell activation is a feature of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by measuring urinary metabolites of mast cell mediators. Twelve nonsmoking subjects with mild asthma and a history of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction exercised on a stationary bicycle ergometer for 5 min at 80% maximum work load. Pulmonary function was monitored and urine was collected before and 30 and 90 min after the provocation. The urinary concentrations of the mast cell markers 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin (PG)F2 and Ntau-methylhistamine, as well as leukotriene E4 (LTE4) were determined by immunoassay. Seven of the 12 subjects (responders) experienced bronchoconstriction (>15% fall in the forced expiratory volume in one second) following exercise, whereas the pulmonary function of the remaining five subjects (nonresponders) remained stable. The urinary excretion (mean+/-SE) of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 in the responders increased significantly compared with the nonresponders at 30 (77.1+/-14.4 versus 37.2+/-5.6; p<0.05) and 90 min (79.3+/-8.6 versus 40.4+/-8.5, p<0.05) after exercise challenge. The urinary excretion of Ntau-methylhistamine and LTE4 was not significantly different between the two groups at 30 or 90 min after exercise. The findings represent the first documentation of increased urinary levels of 9alpha,11beta-prostaglandin F2 in adults following exercise challenge and provides clear evidence for mast cell activation during exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics.
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- Becanovic, Vlatko, et al.
(författare)
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HUGIN: a small satellite trying to be intelligent
- 1999
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Ingår i: Proc. SPIE. ; 3728, s. 98-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Micro and nano-satellites are important tools to explore and test new ideas and various new devices for space missions without spending extreme amounts of money. The actual launch cost per kilogram payload on a micro or nano-satellite can be as high or even higher than ordinary satellites but the turn around time and quick responses are extremely important. The HUGIN project is a nano-satellite (less than 10 kg) explicitly designed to test magnetic coils and adaptive artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms for attitude control purposes. A small PC video camera is also included and if the control function is successful then also tests of adaptive image processing using other ANN and biologically inspired methods will be performed.
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