| 1. |
- Andersson-Gäre, Boel, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence and prevalence of juvenile chronic arthritis : a population survey
- 1987
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 46:4, s. 277-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a population based epidemiological survey of juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA), performed in Western Sweden in 1983, an incidence of 12/100,000 was found. The estimated prevalence was 56/100,000. Subgroup distribution showed a preponderance of mono- and pauciarticular forms. The peak age of onset was between 0 and 4 years of age. Girls predominated over boys in a ratio of 3:2. Overall, 30% were antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive, 9% rheumatoid factor (RF) positive, and eye involvement occurred in 10% of the children. The results suggest differences in population based studies of JCA compared with previously reported hospital based series.
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| 2. |
- Ekstrom, J, et al.
(författare)
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Biochemical and functional evidence for nerve sprouting in the decentralized, hypertrophied rat urinary bladder
- 1987
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 60:2, s. 86-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The preganglionic nerves of the rat urinary bladder were cut. The decentralized bladders gained markedly in weight. Both one and four weeks post-operatively, transmural nerve stimulation evoked contractile responses of the muscle strips of the decentralized bladders, that were of the same magnitude as those of the control bladders. However, four weeks post-operatively, the atropine resistant fraction of the response was decreased; consequently, the atropine sensitive (cholinergic) fraction was increased. The activity of the acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase, was increased at the late time of observation. The present biochemical and functional findings may suggest outgrowth of branches from the decentralized post-ganglionic cholinergic nerves.
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| 3. |
- Ekstrom, J, et al.
(författare)
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Unilateral denervation of the rat urinary bladder and reinnervation: a predominance for ipsilateral changes
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 127:2, s. 223-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unilateral removal of the pelvic ganglion affected the bladder-half on the denervated side more profoundly than that on the non-denervated side. At an early stage (3-7 days) the former was heavier, had a lower choline acetyltransferase activity, developed less tension to nerve stimulation and, in course of time, became more sensitized to methacholine in vitro than the latter. At a late stage (30-60 days) the nerve-evoked contractile responses on the denervated side had increased, which was almost wholly attributed to the atropine-sensitive part of the contraction, but the recovery was not complete. On the non-denervated side the nerve-evoked responses were not significantly changed. It was calculated that in the normally innervated bladders 25-30% of the cholinergic nerves of each half were of contralateral origin. The figure was lower (18%) for the nerves mediating the atropine-resistant response.
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| 4. |
- Nilvebrant, L, et al.
(författare)
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Muscarinic receptor density in the rat urinary bladder after denervation, hypertrophy and urinary diversion
- 1986
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Ingår i: Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. - 0001-6683. ; 59:4, s. 306-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parasympathetic denervation of the urinary bladder results in supersensitivity to muscarinic agonists and in bladder hypertrophy. In the present study, the effects of denervation on the muscarinic receptors in the rat bladder were investigated, using a receptor binding technique with (-)3H-QNB as radioligand. The density of muscarinic receptors was increased in denervated, hypertrophied bladders but it was decreased, below that in control bladders, when the development of hypertrophy was prevented by urinary diversion. A decreased receptor density was also found in innervated bladders after urinary diversion, whereas the receptor density was unaffected by hypertrophy alone. Competition experiments with methacholine revealed no changes in the agonist binding properties of the receptors. When the present data are combined with those in previous functional studies, it seems unlikely that the muscarinic receptors in the bladder are involved in the development of supersensitivity. It is suggested that the density of muscarinic receptors in the bladder may be related to the bladder function.
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| 5. |
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