| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Akselsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Weathering rates in Swedish forest soils
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biogeosciences. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1726-4170 .- 1726-4189. ; 16:22, s. 4429-4450
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Soil and water acidification was internationally recognised as a severe environmental problem in the late 1960s. The interest in establishing “critical loads” led to a peak in weathering research in the 1980s and 1990s, since base cation weathering is the long-term counterbalance to acidification pressure. Assessments of weathering rates and associated uncertainties have recently become an area of renewed research interest, this time due to demand for forest residues to provide renewable bioenergy. Increased demand for forest fuels increases the risk of depleting the soils of base cations produced in situ by weathering. This is the background to the research programme Quantifying Weathering Rates for Sustainable Forestry (QWARTS), which ran from 2012 to 2019. The programme involved research groups working at different scales, from laboratory experiments to modelling. The aims of this study were to (1) investigate the variation in published weathering rates of base cations from different approaches in Sweden, with consideration of the key uncertainties for each method; (2) assess the robustness of the results in relation to sustainable forestry; and (3) discuss the results in relation to new insights from the QWARTS programme and propose ways to further reduce uncertainties. In the study we found that the variation in estimated weathering rates at single-site level was large, but still most sites could be placed reliably in broader classes of weathering rates. At the regional level, the results from the different approaches were in general agreement. Comparisons with base cation losses after stem-only and whole-tree harvesting showed sites where whole-tree harvesting was clearly not sustainable and other sites where variation in weathering rates from different approaches obscured the overall balance. Clear imbalances appeared mainly after whole-tree harvesting in spruce forests in southern and central Sweden. Based on the research findings in the QWARTS programme, it was concluded that the PROFILE/ForSAFE family of models provides the most important fundamental understanding of the contribution of weathering to long-term availability of base cations to support forest growth. However, these approaches should be continually assessed against other approaches. Uncertainties in the model approaches can be further reduced, mainly by finding ways to reduce uncertainties in input data on soil texture and associated hydrological parameters but also by developing the models, e.g. to better represent biological feedbacks under the influence of climate change.
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| 4. |
- Baev, A., et al.
(författare)
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A quantum mechanical - Electrodynamical approach to nonlinear properties : Application to optical power limiting with platinum-organic compounds
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of nonlinear optical physics and materials. - 0218-8635. ; 16:2, s. 157-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Light propagation in a medium is sensitively dependent on the shape and intensity of the optical pulse as well as on the electronic and vibrational structure of the basic molecular units. We review in this paper the results of systematic studies of this problem for isotropic media. Our theoretical approach - the quantum mechanical-electrodynamical (QMED) approach - is based on a quantum mechanical account of the many-level electron-nuclear medium coupled to a numerical solution of the density matrix and Maxwell's equations. This allows us to accommodate a variety of nonlinear effects which accomplish the propagation of strong light pulses. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of the role of coherent and sequential excitations of electron-nuclear degrees of freedom. The QMED combination of quantum chemistry with classical pulse propagation enables us to estimate the optical transmission from cross sections of multi-photon absorption processes and from considerations of propagation effects, saturation and pulse effects. Results of the theory suggest that in the nonlinear regime, it is often necessary to simultaneously account for coherent one-step and incoherent step-wise multi-photon absorption, as well as for off-resonant excitations even when resonance conditions prevail. The dynamic theory of nonlinear propagation of a few interacting intense light pulses is highlighted here in a study of the optical power limiting with platinum-organic molecular compounds. © World Scientific Publishing Company.
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| 5. |
- Banerjee, Indradumna, et al.
(författare)
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Slipdisc : A versatile sample preparation platform for point of care diagnostics
- 2017
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 7:56, s. 35048-35054
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a microfluidic sample preparation platform called "Slipdisc" based on slipchip technology. Slipdisc is a rotational slipchip that uses a unique hand-wound clockwork mechanism for precise movement of specially fabricated polycarbonate discs. In operation, the microchannels and microchambers carved on the closely aligned microfluidic discs convert from continuous filled paths to defined compartments using the slip movement. The clockwork mechanism introduced here is characterised by a food dye experiment and a conventional HRP TMB reaction before measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels, which is a crucial biomarker for neonatal diagnostics. The colorimetry based detection of LDH was performed with an unmodified camera and an image analysis procedure based on normalising images and observing changes in red channel intensity. The analysis showed a close to unity coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.96) in detecting the LDH concentration when compared with a standard Chemical Analyser, demonstrating the excellent performance of the slipdisc platform with colorimetric detection. The versatile point of care sample preparation platform should ideally be suited for a multitude of applications at resource-limited settings.
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| 6. |
- Belkert, Ann-Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Nationellt datalexikon : Arbetspaket 1 - Öppen tillgång till digitala datablad för produktegenskaper baserat på datamallar
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I projektet Öppen tillgång till digitala datablad för produktegenskaper baserat på datamallar har det ingått att föra dialog med marknadens aktörer om förutsättningar för hur svenska aktörer kan möjliggöra en etablering av ett nationellt datalexikon och en plattform för att tillgängliggöra produktdatamallar. Dialogen genomfördes genom att bjuda in representanter från samhällsbyggnadssektorn till sex workshops. Arbetsmöten har genomförts för att förbereda workshops, utvärdera resultat, utforska samarbeten och tekniska lösningar.Framtida EU-lagstiftning kommer kräva digitala produktpass för alla produkter och vi förväntar oss att dessa ska vara baserade på datamallskonceptet. En digital produktdatamall baseras på egenskaper som finns definierade i ett datalexikon som i sin tur är synkade med andra datalexikon. När samma egenskap används av flera länder får man på så sätt en samordning. En ifylld produktdatamall blir ett produktdatablad. En fortsatt process behövs för att fastställa teknisk lösning, organisation och finansiering. Arbetspaketet har bidragit till många insikter, beslut och initiativ till samarbeten för det fortsatta arbetet.Arbetsmöten och workshops har även resulterat i ökad kunskap och insikter om krav enligt standarder och behov avseende teknisk lösning, tillämpningsanvisningar och internationell samverkan. Kontakt har tagits med och mottagits mycket väl hos PDT Norge och Cobuilder avseende samverkan under projektet och framöver. Representanter från Norge har medverkat på workshops och möten med svenska aktörer.Det fortsatta arbetet om framtida organisation för utveckling och förvaltning samt finansiering av en verksamhet för att tillgängliggöra datamallar och datalexikon kommer nu drivas med samma aktörer som i Regelforums styrgrupp, bland annat Byggmaterialindustrierna, Byggföretagen, Byggherrarna och Fastighetsägarna.Finansiering av ett sådant arbete behöver lösas, då resurser inte finns via regelforumet. Arbetet kommer genomföras utanför detta projekt, men resultaten kommer redovisas.Projektet arbetar vidare med den digitala plattformen, hur datamallar ska kunna kommuniceras mellan olika domäner samt implementering av såväl produktdatamallar som systemdatamallar, dvs för byggdelar och andra objekt såsom utrymmen, byggnadsverk samt byggnadsverkskomplex.
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| 7. |
- Brun, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Early prediction of treatment outcome in head and neck cancer with 2-18FDG PET
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 36:7, s. 741-747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of alternative treatment regimens in clinical oncology has increased the need for early prediction of cancer therapy outcome. The aim of this study was, early in the treatment phase, to identify patients with advanced head and neck cancer, responding or not responding to initiated therapy. The tumour metabolic rate of glucose (MRgl) examined by 2-18FDG-PET was determined in 17 patients before and after the first weeks of either radiotherapy (16-35 Gy) or one course of combination chemotherapy. Metabolic values uptake values normalized to plasma activity integrals--were correlated to loco-regional outcome, as evaluated 5-6 weeks after completion of treatment. Initial low tumour MRgl (<20 micromol/min/100 g tissue), in primary lesions or regional metastases, predicted a local complete response. When a high initial tumour MRgl was found, the magnitude of the reduction of MRgl in the second PET examination might be an adjunct in predicting local tumour response.
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| 8. |
- Börjeson, Fia Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Ger koppling av kunskapsinlärning och färdighetsövning ökad djupinlärning? : "Utveckling av kursmoment i ”Miljö- och resursanalys för hållbar utveckling V2”
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kursen ”Miljö- och resursanalys för hållbar utveckling V2”, som är en av de obli-gatoriska kurserna under andra året i civilingenjörsutbildningen (Väg och Vat-ten) vid Chalmers tekniska högskola har omfattats av ett pedagogiskt utveck-lingsarbete. Utgångspunkten till de förändringar som prövats har varit grundade i och inspirerade av Experiential Learning Theory1. Lärarlaget utvecklade, med stöd av en gemensamt producerad begreppsmodell, metoder för att intervenera på olika stadier, och på olika sätt, i studenternas lärprocess. Arbetet har handlat om att skapa goda förutsättningar för att förstärka studenternas lärande. Ett så-dant lärande innebär att studenterna tillägnar sig en ökad förståelse och fördju-pade kunskaper, genom att koppla samman färdigheter som reflektion och kommunikation med tillägnandet av ett relativt abstrakt stoff (miljö- och resurs-analys). Detta har skett med hjälp av att modifiera kursens organisation och struktur, genom att utveckla återkommande och varierande typer av reflektions-övningar samt genom att arbeta fram återkommande och varierande former för olika typer av återkoppling till studenterna. En viktig del av arbetet har också va-rit att försöka utvärdera utfallet av de förändringar som genomförts i kursen. Ut-ifrån de begränsningar som det empiriska materialet innebär är det inte helt klart om titelns fråga besvarats i undersökningen, men studenternas resultat liksom deras utvärdering av kursen pekar tydligt på positiva effekter ifråga om lärandet.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing common primary data for environmental overview of product life cycles. Users, perspectives, methods, data and information systems
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report describes how information about the environmental performance of products over their life cycles can be accessed anywhere and by any stakeholder throughout the product life cycle. Particular consideration has been given to different ways of performing a life cycle assessment (LCA). The report covers different users of environmental product information, the various methods and tools used to produce and disseminate that information, and the primary data needed for those methods and tools. The report also outlines an information system organisation for potential use as a cooperative approach to supporting stakeholders of product life cycles with environmental information. Chapter 2 contains a comprehensive (albeit not exhaustive) list of perspectives from which a stakeholder may environmentally view and assess products. A number of examples are given to describe reasons people have in practice for applying each perspective. The intention is to ensure that users find the methods and tools in chapter 3 to be truly relevant. Chapter 3 lists and presents methods and tools for assessing environmental performance, for acquiring information about environmental impacts, and for providing information on environmental properties of products. Particular emphasis is placed on the different types of LCA that have been identified, how they differ, how to use them, and their differing data requirements. Chapter 4 lists and presents the data and information that are used or produced by the methods and tools described in Chapter 3. This chapter includes discussion of data availability, data quality issues and data formatting. Chapter 5 proposes an information system organisation and design taking into account all perspectives and practical needs as described in Chapter 2, as well as all information and data issues described in Chapter 4. Particular attention is paid to the need for compatibility with existing systems, the technical and economic feasibility of building small systems instead of large ones, and the necessity of a short payback time for all investments, particularly those in the private sector. In chapter 6 the authors present outline recommendations for further work.
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| 12. |
- Carlson, Raul, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Establishing common product life cycle data
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings from LCM 2005, 2nd International Conference on Life Cycle Management, Barcelona, September 5-7, 2005.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Dhapola, Parashar, et al.
(författare)
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Scarf enables a highly memory-efficient analysis of large-scale single-cell genomics data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the scale of single-cell genomics experiments grows into the millions, the computational requirements to process this data are beyond the reach of many. Herein we present Scarf, a modularly designed Python package that seamlessly interoperates with other single-cell toolkits and allows for memory-efficient single-cell analysis of millions of cells on a laptop or low-cost devices like single-board computers. We demonstrate Scarf's memory and compute-time efficiency by applying it to the largest existing single-cell RNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq datasets. Scarf wraps memory-efficient implementations of a graph-based t-stochastic neighbour embedding and hierarchical clustering algorithm. Moreover, Scarf performs accurate reference-anchored mapping of datasets while maintaining memory efficiency. By implementing a subsampling algorithm, Scarf additionally has the capacity to generate representative sampling of cells from a given dataset wherein rare cell populations and lineage differentiation trajectories are conserved. Together, Scarf provides a framework wherein any researcher can perform advanced processing, subsampling, reanalysis, and integration of atlas-scale datasets on standard laptop computers. Scarf is available on Github: https://github.com/parashardhapola/scarf .
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| 15. |
- Díaz, Eliecer R., et al.
(författare)
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Depth-related spatial patterns of sublittoral blue mussel beds and their associated macrofaunal diversity revealed by geostatistical analyses
- 2015
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 540, s. 121-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The blue mussel Mytilus edulis is a foundation species with ecosystem engineering functions in the brackish, non-tidal Baltic Sea. In this study from the western Gulf of Finland, the relationship between the spatial patchiness of blue mussels and the diversity of associated macrofauna was examined across small scales (centimeters to meters) for the first time in subtidal habitats. It was demonstrated using geostatistical tools that blue mussel abundance and the diversity of associated macrofauna varied and interacted at 2 depths. Classic analyses (ANOVAs, correlations and multivariate techniques) detected no relationships between the abundance of blue mussels and their associated macrofaunal diversity, or differences in the abundance of mussels or the diversity of associated macrofauna between depths. Using semivariograms, differences in spatial heterogeneity between depths emerged: i.e. patchiness at 5 m and random patterns at 8 m depth. Cross-semivariograms detected negative spatial co-variation between blue mussel abundance and diversity of macrofauna at 5 m, but positive and neutral spatial relationships at 8 m depth. Combining the approaches suggested that high dislodgment of mussels in shallow environments causes this pattern. Dislodgement effects may be compensated for by increased turnover of small mussels in patches within mussel beds, which would result in reduced habitat space for associated macrofauna. On the basis of our results, it is suggested that patchiness of a foundation species is an ecological response, or result of a disturbance, that reduces the diversity of the associated macrofaunal community.
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| 16. |
- Eklöf, Johan S., et al.
(författare)
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A spatial regime shift from predator to prey dominance in a large coastal ecosystem
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regime shifts in ecosystem structure and processes are typically studied from a temporal perspective. Yet, theory predicts that in large ecosystems with environmental gradients, shifts should start locally and gradually spread through space. Here we empirically document a spatially propagating shift in the trophic structure of a large aquatic ecosystem, from dominance of large predatory fish (perch, pike) to the small prey fish, the three-spined stickleback. Fish surveys in 486 shallow bays along the 1200 km western Baltic Sea coast during 1979–2017 show that the shift started in wave-exposed archipelago areas near the open sea, but gradually spread towards the wave-sheltered mainland coast. Ecosystem surveys in 32 bays in 2014 show that stickleback predation on juvenile predators (predator–prey reversal) generates a feedback mechanism that appears to reinforce the shift. In summary, managers must account for spatial heterogeneity and dispersal to better predict, detect and confront regime shifts within large ecosystems.
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| 17. |
- Erlandsson, Ann, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Infiltrating immune cells in prostate cancer tissue after androgen deprivation and radiotherapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology. - : Sage Publications. - 0394-6320 .- 2058-7384. ; 37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has long been a cornerstone in treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and is known to improve the results of radiotherapy (RT) for high-risk disease. The purpose of our study was to use a multiplexed immunohistochemical (mIHC) approach to investigate the infiltration of immune cells in PCa tissue after eight weeks of ADT and/or RT with 10 Gy.Methods: From a cohort of 48 patients divided into two treatment arms, we obtained biopsies before and after treatment and used a mIHC method with multispectral imaging to analyze the infiltration of immune cells in tumor stroma and tumor epithelium, focusing on areas with high infiltration.Results: Tumor stroma showed a significantly higher infiltration of immune cells compared to tumor epithelium. The most prominent immune cells were CD20(+) B-lymphocytes, followed by CD68(+) macrophages, CD8(+) cytotoxic T-cells, FOXP3(+) regulatory T-cells (Tregs), and T-bet(+) Th1-cells. Neoadjuvant ADT followed by RT significantly increased the infiltration of all five immune cells. Numbers of Th1-cells and Tregs significantly increased after single treatment with ADT or RT. In addition, ADT alone increased the number of cytotoxic T-cells and RT increased the number of B-cells.Conclusions: Neoadjuvant ADT in combination with RT results in a higher inflammatory response compared to RT or ADT alone. The mIHC method may be a useful tool for investigating infiltrating immune cells in PCa biopsies to understand how immunotherapeutic approaches can be combined with current PCa therapies.
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| 18. |
- Erlandsson, Johan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing influencing factors of corporate environmental information collection, management and communication
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 17:9, s. 800-810
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relevant and understandable environmental information about production and products is needed in any attempt to mitigate environmental impact from production, products, and consumption. This paper introduces an analytical framework for studying the drivers, barriers and enablers of corporate environmental information collection, management and communication. The framework is built up by two main parts. In the first, we sort out what corporate environmental information is and how to spot gaps in information collection, management and communication. The second part examines the stakeholders and company features that could constitute important influencing factors. The framework is intended to support qualitative and quantitative studies which aim to increase understanding of what shapes the flow of environmental information in companies and product chains. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
- Erlandsson, Johan, 1973
(författare)
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Company and Product Related Environmental Information Management -A pilot field study
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is the first outcome from the PhD project Towards an Integrated Environmental Information System. It covers the findings from a pilot field study of environmental information management at flooring manufacturer Forbo.Relevant, reliable, accessible and understandable environmental information is a cornerstone for any attempt on environmental management of production units and products, and also for making solid purchasing decisions. However, there are several known problems to environmental information management in companies. Ambiguous information, high time consumption, high costs, low organisational memory, limited availability and a poor product information flow are some of the problems that can be found.The purpose of this study is to get an understanding of the preconditions for the efficient generation and use of relevant environmental information at the study object, both at site/company/group level and product level. Another aim is to refine the research questions and research methodology to prepare for further field studies.Two Forbo units were chosen as study objects partly because they were known to manage both site related and product related environmental information. The study was carried out mainly through semi-structured interviews and by collecting and analysing documented environmental information.The quality of product related environmental information at Forbo is lower than the professional site related environmental information. The product information lacks in objectivity, precision and actuality. Possible explanations are a weak market demand for products with lower environmental impact, weak third-party intervention on the product level and an organisation design that seems to create a barrier for the flow of product related information.The detailed and extensive format of the product declaration seems to be a barrier for understanding and using environmental product information.
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| 20. |
- Erlandsson, Johan
(författare)
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CONTROLLED ASSEMBLY AND FUNCTIONALISATION OF CELLULOSE-BASED MATERIALS
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The environmental effects caused by the use of fossil-based resources have intensified and driven society and research towards new materials and processes that utilise renewable resources. Within the development of new materials, wood has been identified as a raw-material from which high performing materials can be derived. One such material is cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) which are capable of replacing several currently used fossil-based materials. However, for CNFs to exhibit the required material properties they need to be chemically or physically modified. This means that the properties of the CNFs can be specifically adapted to fit the demand in particular areas, for example electrical energy storage. In these applications it is the mechanical properties; the large, easily functionalised surface and ability to be moulded into 3D shapes that make CNFs a highly interesting raw material.This thesis explores the formation and functionalisation of CNF- and fibre-based materials and their novel use in applications such as energy storage. The wet stability of the materials was achieved by crosslinking and ice templating the fibrils by a novel freezing procedure, which makes it possible to avoid the use of freeze-drying and subsequent crosslinking. Using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy adhesion measurements, hemiacetals were shown to be formed between the aldehyde-containing fibrils when they are brought into molecular contact, for example during ice templating. Hemiacetal crosslinked aerogels have been shaped and functionalised to demonstrate their application as biomimetic structural composites, electrical circuits and electrical cells. In addition, crosslinked, light-weight 3D fibre networks were prepared with á similar chemistry by a self-assembly process of pulp fibres. These networks could be dried under ambient conditions and the materials formed were wet-stable due to the hemiacetal crosslinks formed in the fibre–fibre contacts, which provided the networks with excellent mechanical properties and shape recovery capacity in water.Finally, using a newly developed polyampholyte and mixing it with CNFs, heterofunctional composite films and aerogels could be prepared. By activating crosslinkable groups in these composite materials, they were able to undergo further water based chemical functionalisation. In this highly dispersed state, the composite could be irreversibly crosslinked by a hydrothermal treatment to create transparent, low solid content hydrogels.
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| 21. |
- Erlandsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-Linked and Shapeable Porous 3D Substrates from Freeze-Linked Cellulose Nanofibrils.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 20:2, s. 728-737
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemically cross-linked highly porous nanocellulose aerogels with complex shapes have been prepared using a freeze-linking procedure that avoids common post activation of cross-linking reactions and freeze-drying. The aerogel shapes ranged from simple geometrical three-dimensional bodies to swirls and solenoids. This was achieved by molding or extruding a periodate oxidized cellulose nanofibril (CNF) dispersion prior to chemical cross-linking in a regular freezer or by reshaping an already prepared aerogel by plasticizing the structure in water followed by reshaping and locking the aerogel into its new shape. The new shapes were most likely retained by new cross-links formed between CNFs brought into contact by the deformation during reshaping. This self-healing ability to form new bonds after plasticization and redrying also contributed to the mechanical resilience of the aerogels, allowing them to be cyclically deformed in the dry state, reswollen with water, and redried with good retention of mechanical integrity. Furthermore, by exploiting the shapeability and available inner structure of the aerogels, a solenoid-shaped aerogel with all surfaces coated with a thin film of conducting polypyrrole was able to produce a magnetic field inside the solenoid, demonstrating electromagnetic properties. Furthermore, by biomimicking the porous interior and stiff exterior of the beak of a toucan bird, a functionalized aerogel was created by applying a 300 μm thick stiff wax coating on its molded external surfaces. This composite material displayed a 10-times higher elastic modulus compared to that of the plain aerogel without drastically increasing the density. These examples show that it is possible to combine advanced shaping with functionalization of both the inner structure and the surface of the aerogels, radically extending the possible use of CNF aerogels.
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| 22. |
- Erlandsson, Johan, 1973
(författare)
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Determinants of Corporate Environmental Information Management -Analytical Framework and Case Studies
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information about the environmental impact of production and products is a prerequisite to any attempt to mitigate environmental impact, either in production or in the choices of end consumers. There are however known problems regarding corporate environmental information management. A life cycle perspective is often weak, and several problems have also been identified regarding production-related information. Previous research is extensive in certain areas, but little literature examines the field as a whole. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the enablers of and barriers to corporate environmental information management, an analytical framework was developed and used to investigate the status and determinants of environmental information management at two case companies.The analytical framework takes both product- and production-related information into account and has two main parts. The first part supports the examination of the status of environmental information management, while the second part supports the examination of stakeholders and company features. Stakeholders are divided into those found in the product chain and those external to it. In the case studies, we found two different approaches to product-related information management. In one case, a quantitative accounting approach was taken. In the other case, an internal policy-based, qualitative approach was taken. The two most significant enablers of product-related environmental management were found to be media attention and the competence and initiative of key employees.The thesis is concluded with discussions on quantitative versus policy-based approaches, different ways of supplying end consumers with environmental information, the corporate implications of strong media pressure and the role of interdisciplinary competence. Finally, two suggestions for further research are presented.
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| 23. |
- Erlandsson, Johan
(författare)
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Do reproductive strategy and breeding season influence the presence of mate recognition in the intertidal snail Littorina?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Invertebrate Reproduction & Development. - 0168-8170. ; 41:1-3, s. 53-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To test the assumption that littorinid snails do not discriminate between mates prior to copulation, I studied mate recognition behaviour in two species of Littorina on Swedish rocky shores: L. littorea (which has pelagic development and a distinct reproductive season) and L. saxatilis (non-pelagic development; reproduces throughout the year). Copulating pairs were sampled in five populations of each species to determine the occurrence of maladaptive (male-male or male-juvenile) matings, To complement the field sampling I did laboratory experiments on mucous-trail following, to reveal possible discriminating behaviour among potential mates when following mucous trails. In L. littorea about 5% of copulating pairs were between males, while in L. saxatilis, 33-38% were male-male or male-juvenile pairs. In contrast to L. littorea, this study showed that males of L. saxatilis did not discriminate between sexes from mucous trails, but followed any mucous trail (irrespective of sex of marker snail) for longer than females did. Thus, mate recognition behaviour by trail following can explain the difference in the proportion of maladaptive mating pairs between the two species studied. Among the 19 recognized species of the snail Littorina, nine show pelagic larval development, while 10 have direct, non-pelagic development. From the literature a clear relationship between reproductive strategy and the presence or absence of breeding season in Littorina snails was found. Species with pelagic development always have a distinct reproductive season, while species with nonpelagic development either reproduce throughout the year, or show variation between regions in seasonal or non-seasonal reproduction. The hypothesis that reproductive strategy and breeding season may influence the presence of mate recognition in Littorina snails is discussed.
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| 24. |
- Erlandsson, Johan, 1973
(författare)
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ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN COMPANIES –TOWARDS AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK
- 2006
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Ingår i: 13th International Greening of Industry Network Conference.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The generation and use of relevant, accessible, comparable and understandable environmental information on company and product level is needed in companies both for business reasons and for different types of reporting requirements from stakeholders. However, there are several known problems to environmental information management in the industry. Ambiguous information, high time consumption, high costs, low organisational memory, low availability and a poor product information flow are just a few.The PhD project Towards Integrated Environmental Information Systems aims to contribute to increased knowledge about preconditions, barriers and possibilities for environmental information systems in the industry. Site related environmental information as well as product related information is included in the scope of the project. The main research method is field studies of companies, and a framework for analysing field study results about environmental information management in the industry is presented in this paper. The construction of the framework, which is work in progress, is based on the results of a pilot field study of one company and a literature review. The pilot field study results suggest a preliminary analytical framework, where a company's environmental information management can be analysed through four groups of prerequisites; drivers, format, IT systems and organisation.The literature review aims to describe and analyse different approaches and initiatives that have been and are being taken to describe, analyse and improve environmental information management in companies. Environmental accounting and suggested methods for improving environmental data management addresses the actual procedures of environmental information management. IT systems and organisation design can be seen as facilitators of these procedures. Different policy initiatives are examples of external drivers for environmental information management. Internally, life cycle assessments, environmental management systems and environmental information for marketing purposes create a need for environmental information management.
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