| 1. |
- Ezzat, Kariem, et al.
(författare)
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PepFect 14, a novel cell-penetrating peptide for oligonucleotide delivery in solution and as solid formulation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 39:12, s. 5284-5298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous human genetic diseases are caused by mutations that give rise to aberrant alternative splicing. Recently, several of these debilitating disorders have been shown to be amenable for splice-correcting oligonucleotides (SCOs) that modify splicing patterns and restore the phenotype in experimental models. However, translational approaches are required to transform SCOs into usable drug products. In this study, we present a new cell-penetrating peptide, PepFect14 (PF14), which efficiently delivers SCOs to different cell models including HeLa pLuc705 and mdx mouse myotubes; a cell culture model of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). Non-covalent PF14-SCO nanocomplexes induce splice-correction at rates higher than the commercially available lipid-based vector Lipofectamine™ 2000 (LF2000) and remain active in the presence of serum. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating this delivery system into solid formulations that could be suitable for several therapeutic applications. Solid dispersion technique is utilized and the formed solid formulations are as active as the freshly prepared nanocomplexes in solution even when stored at an elevated temperatures for several weeks. In contrast, LF2000 drastically loses activity after being subjected to same procedure. This shows that using PF14 is a very promising translational approach for the delivery of SCOs in different pharmaceutical forms.
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| 2. |
- Lorents, Annely, et al.
(författare)
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Cell-penetrating Peptides Split into Two Groups Based on Modulation of Intracellular Calcium Concentration
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 287:20, s. 16880-16889
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) promote the uptake of different cargo molecules, e.g. therapeutic compounds, making the harnessing of CPPs a promising strategy for drug design and delivery. However, the internalization mechanisms of CPPs are still under discussion, and it is not clear how cells compensate the disturbances induced by peptides in the plasma membrane. In this study, we demonstrate that the uptake of various CPPs enhances the intracellular Ca2+ levels in Jurkat and HeLa cells. The elevated Ca2+ concentration in turn triggers plasma membrane blebbing, lysosomal exocytosis, and membrane repair response. Our results indicate that CPPs split into two major classes: (i) amphipathic CPPs that modulate the plasma membrane integrity inducing influx of Ca2+ and activating downstream responses starting from low concentrations; (ii) non-amphipathic CPPs that do not evoke changes at relevant concentrations. Triggering of the membrane repair response may help cells to replace distorted plasma membrane regions and cells can recover from the influx of Ca2+ if its level is not drastically elevated.
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| 3. |
- Padari, Kart, et al.
(författare)
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S4(13)-PV Cell-Penetrating Peptide Forms Nanoparticle-Like Structures to Gain Entry Into Cells
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bioconjugate chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1043-1802 .- 1520-4812. ; 21:4, s. 774-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite increasing interest in cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as carriers for drugs and in gene therapy, the current understanding of their exact internalization mechanism is still far from complete. The cellular translocation of CPPs and their payloads has been mostly described by fluorescence- and activity-based methods, leaving the more detailed characterization at the ultrastructural level almost out of attention. Herein, we used transmission electron microscopy to characterize the membrane interaction and internalization of a cell-penetrating peptide S4(13)-PV. We demonstrate that S4(13)-PV peptide forms spherical nanoparticle-like regular structures upon association with cell surface glycosaminoglycans on the plasma membrane. Insertion of S4(13)-PV particles into plasma membrane induces disturbances and leads to the vesicular uptake of peptides by cells. We propose that for efficient cellular translocation S4(13)-PV peptides have to assemble into particles of specific size and shape. The spherical peptide particles are not dissociated in intracellular vesicles but often retain their organization and remain associated with the membrane of vesicles, destabilizing them and promoting the escape of peptides into cytosol. Lowering the temperature and inhibition of dynamins' activity reduce the internalization of S4(13)-PV peptides, but do not block it completely. Our results provide an ultrastructural insight into the interaction mode of CPPs with the plasma membrane and the distribution in cells, which might help to better understand how CPPs cross the biological membranes and gain access into cells.
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| 4. |
- Srimanee, Artita, et al.
(författare)
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Peptide-Based Delivery of Oligonucleotides Across Blood-Brain Barrier Model
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-3904 .- 1573-3149. ; 20:2, s. 169-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Delivery of pharmaceutical agents across a blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a challenge for brain cancer therapy. In this study, an in vitro BBB model was utilized to study the delivery of oligonucleotides across brain endothelial cells targeting to glioma cells in a Transwell™ setup. A series of novel peptides were synthesized by covalent conjugation of cell-penetrating peptides with targeting peptides for delivery of gene-based therapeutics. These peptides were screened for passage across the Transwell™ and we found the most efficient peptide PepFect32 from originating PepFect 14 coupled with the targeting peptide angiopep-2. PepFect32/pDNA nanocomplexes exhibited high transcytosis across the BBB in vitro model and the highest transfection efficiency to glioma cells. In conclusion, PepFect32 revealed the most efficient peptide-based vector for pDNA delivery across in vitro BBB model.
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| 5. |
- van Asbeck, Alexander H., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Parameters of siRNA-Cell Penetrating Peptide Nanocomplexes for Efficient Cellular Delivery
- 2013
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 7:5, s. 3797-3807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are versatile tools for the intracellular delivery of various biomolecules, including siRNA. Recently, CPPs were introduced that showed greatly enhanced delivery efficiency. However, the molecular basis of this increased activity is poorly understood. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of the molecular and physicochemical properties of seven different siRNA-CPP nanoparticles. In addition, we determined which complexes are internalized most efficiently into the leukemia cell-line SKNO-1, and subsequently inhibited the expression of a luctferase reporter gene. We demonstrated effective complexation of siRNA for all tested CPPs, and optimal encapsulation of the siRNA was achieved at very similar molar ratios independent of peptide charge. However, CPPs with an extreme high or low overall charge proved to be exceptions, suggesting an optimal range of charge for CPP-siRNA nanoparticle formation based on opposite charge. The most active CPP (PepFect6) displayed high serum resistance but also high sensitivity to decomplexation by polyanionic macromolecules, indicating the necessity for partial decomplexation for efficient uptake. Surprisingly, CPP-siRNA complexes acquired a negative zeta-potential in the presence of serum. These novel insights shed light on the observation that cell association is necessary but not sufficient for activity and motivate new research into the nature of the nanoparticle-cell interaction. Overall, our results provide a comprehensive molecular basis for the further development of peptide-based olipnudeotide transfection agents.
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| 6. |
- Verdurmen, Wouter P. R., et al.
(författare)
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Preferential Uptake of L- versus D-Amino Acid Cell-Penetrating Peptides in a Cell Type-Dependent Manner
- 2011
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1074-5521 .- 1879-1301. ; 18:8, s. 1000-1010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of protease-resistant D-peptides is a prominent strategy for overcoming proteolytic sensitivity in the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) as delivery vectors. So far, no major differences have been reported for the uptake of L- and D-peptides. Here we report that cationic L-CPPs are taken up more efficiently than their D-counterparts in MC57 fibrosarcoma and He La cells but not in Jurkat T leukemia cells. Reduced uptake of D-peptides co-occurred with persistent binding to heparan sulfates (HS) at the plasma membrane. In vitro binding studies of Land D-peptides with HS indicated similar binding affinities. Our results identify two key events in the uptake of CPPs: binding to HS chains and the initiation of internalization. Only the second event depends on the chirality of the CPP. This knowledge may be exploited for a stereochemistry-dependent preferential targeting of cells.
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