| 1. |
- Kenéz, P. Huang, et al.
(författare)
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Counterion spin relaxation in microemulsion droplets
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3654 .- 1541-5740. ; 96:23, s. 9524-9531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Counterion 23Na spin relaxation data are reported from the microemulsion phase in the AOT/water/isooctane system as a function of the water/AOT ratio, which determines the size of the aqueous droplets. The 23Na NMR measurements comprise three independent relaxation rates, allowing the individual spectral density values to be determined, as well as the second-order quadrupolar dynamic shift. The effect on the relaxation observables of counterion diffusion within the aqueous droplet core is calculated by solving the diffusion equation in the presence of the electrostatic mean field. This allows the 23Na NMR data to be interpreted in terms of the Na+ lateral diffusion coefficient Ds in the surface region, the residual quadrupole coupling constant χs, and a spectral density contribution Jf due to fast local motions. These quantities have also been determined in a previous 23Na NMR study of the reversed hexagonal phase of the same system, with similar results. Although the present data are basically consistent with the expected microstructure of closed droplets with highly mobile counterfoils, a model of monodisperse spherical droplets cannot account quantitatively for all the data. This discrepancy is tentatively ascribed to the existence of small reversed micelles coexisting with the classical microemulsion droplets.
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| 2. |
- Rönnelid, J, et al.
(författare)
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Short-term kinetics of the humoral anti-C1q response in SLE using the ELISPOT method : fast decline in production in response to steroids.
- 1994
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 40:2, s. 243-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty four systemic lupus erythaematosus patients and 17 patients with other diagnoses were investigated regarding the presence of cells producing C1q reactive antibodies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the ELISPOT technique. These results were then compared with parallel serum levels of C1q reactive antibodies. Current production of anti-C1q was almost entirely confined to the systemic lupus erythaematosus group. Longitudinal analysis of anti-C1q ELISPOT positive patients showed rapid changes in the number of anti-C1q producing cells, but only slowly changing serum levels of the corresponding antibodies in response to glucocorticoids. In one systemic lupus erythaematosus patient prednisolone treatment had a selective effect on this autoantibody production, as the production of anti-C1q spot forming cells rapidly dropped to zero, at the same time as the number of total spot-forming cells showed only less change. In another patient, self-limiting connective tissue disease was associated with temporal occurrence of IgM anti-C1q. We believe, from these data, that the ELISPOT method for determination of current antibody production may be of particular value in longitudinal evaluation of disease course and therapeutic effects in systemic lupus erythaematosus and other rheumatic diseases.
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