| 1. |
- Satizabal, Claudia L., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic architecture of subcortical brain structures in 38,851 individuals
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:11, s. 1624-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subcortical brain structures are integral to motion, consciousness, emotions and learning. We identified common genetic variation related to the volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, brainstem, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen and thalamus, using genome-wide association analyses in almost 40,000 individuals from CHARGE, ENIGMA and UK Biobank. We show that variability in subcortical volumes is heritable, and identify 48 significantly associated loci (40 novel at the time of analysis). Annotation of these loci by utilizing gene expression, methylation and neuropathological data identified 199 genes putatively implicated in neurodevelopment, synaptic signaling, axonal transport, apoptosis, inflammation/infection and susceptibility to neurological disorders. This set of genes is significantly enriched for Drosophila orthologs associated with neurodevelopmental phenotypes, suggesting evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. Our findings uncover novel biology and potential drug targets underlying brain development and disease.
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| 2. |
- de Zwarte, Sonja M. C., et al.
(författare)
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The association between familial risk and brain abnormalities is disease specific : an ENIGMA-relatives study of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 86:7, s. 545-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic liability, and some structural brain abnormalities are common to both conditions. First-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia (FDRs-SZ) show similar brain abnormalities to patients, albeit with smaller effect sizes. Imaging findings in first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder (FDRs-BD) have been inconsistent in the past, but recent studies report regionally greater volumes compared with control subjects.METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis of global and subcortical brain measures of 6008 individuals (1228 FDRs-SZ, 852 FDRs-BD, 2246 control subjects, 1016 patients with schizophrenia, 666 patients with bipolar disorder) from 34 schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder family cohorts with standardized methods. Analyses were repeated with a correction for intracranial volume (ICV) and for the presence of any psychopathology in the relatives and control subjects.RESULTS: FDRs-BD had significantly larger ICV (d = +0.16, q < .05 corrected), whereas FDRs-SZ showed smaller thalamic volumes than control subjects (d = -0.12, q < .05 corrected). ICV explained the enlargements in the brain measures in FDRs-BD. In FDRs-SZ, after correction for ICV, total brain, cortical gray matter, cerebral white matter, cerebellar gray and white matter, and thalamus volumes were significantly smaller; the cortex was thinner (d < -0.09, q < .05 corrected); and third ventricle was larger (d = +0.15, q < .05 corrected). The findings were not explained by psychopathology in the relatives or control subjects.CONCLUSIONS: Despite shared genetic liability, FDRs-SZ and FDRs-BD show a differential pattern of structural brain abnormalities, specifically a divergent effect in ICV. This may imply that the neurodevelopmental trajectories leading to brain anomalies in schizophrenia or bipolar disorder are distinct.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Flem, Aina Lian, et al.
(författare)
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Revitalizing social work education through global and critical awareness : Examples from three Scandinavian schools of social work
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Routledge. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 20:1, s. 76-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increasing globalisation, reorganisation of the Scandinavian welfare regimes and the awareness of increasing global roots of local social problems necessitated change in the curriculum of social work in three Scandinavian schools of social work in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Recent global transformations, increasing global inequalities, increasing forced migration and the emergence of glocal social problems make the traditional education and methods of social work ineffective and in some cases harmful for people in need of social work intervention. This article examines the need to provide critical, global and multilevel perspectives in social work education in order to prepare social work students for the increasing social problems with global roots. The article, which is based on cross-national collaborations in social work education between three Scandinavian countries, addresses global and critical components in theoretical courses, professional training and field practice in the social work education of the countries in question. It is argued that social work education should move beyond the old division of classical and international/intercultural toward including global and critical perspectives in an integrative manner in all programs.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Ghazanfareeon Karlsson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Forced migration, older people and displacement
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the field of literature concerning globally displaced older refugees and outlines the implications for social work as a human rights profession. The study is based on a review of the social work literature and current examples of globally displaced older refugees; the Rohingya older people at the Bangladesh-Myanmar border and older Palestinians at the Israel-Gaza border and in Lebanon.The authors suggest that social workers as ‘front-line human rights workers’ are uniquely placed to identify needs, take actionable steps to protect, and advocate for the human rights of displaced older refugees. Global social work ethics and principles of human dignity and human rights need to underpin social work practices that engages people and structures to address life challenges and enhance wellbeing among displaced older refugees at war zones, at the borders and in refugee camps. Future research and welfare projects that aim at analysing the political context, which form the living conditions of forcibly displaced older refugees, whilst enhancing the importance of social workers in interprofessional collaborations and social protection in these areas, are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Heggem Kojan, Bente, et al.
(författare)
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The refugee ‘crisis’, welfare nationalism and social justice : Critical perspectives in Social Work Education
- 2017
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Ingår i: Social work education in Europe: challenging boundaries promoting a sustainable future. - 9782956049203 ; , s. 35-35
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing refugee immigration to Europe has influenced almost all European countries including Sweden and Norway. Although the countries have relatively strong welfare states, the neoliberal reorganisation and increasing immigration during 2015-2016 has challenged the welfare states. This presentation critically examines the sociopolitical responses of Sweden and Norway to the increasing immigration and refugees and how it might have influenced social work education and practice. Based on a review of governmental responses to the increasing immigration, we present how the right-based welfare states of Sweden and Norway were tackling the recent refugee ‘crisis’ and if the new situation has influenced social work education and practice aimed at promoting social justice and social integration. Increasing global social problems with local consequences require new perspectives and competencies of practice, which urge educational institutions to adapt themselves to new the conditions.
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| 9. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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A Social Work Education Without Borders
- 2015
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Ingår i: Social Dialogue. - : The International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW). - 2221-352X. ; :11, s. 4-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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A weakening welfare state and the changing professional identities of social workers in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: 8th European Conference for Social Work Research. - Edinburgh : The University of Edinburgh. - 9781999920579 ; , s. 170-170
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social workers have historically been an integral part of a well-developed welfare state in Sweden. However, the traditional ‘solidary role’ of social workers has rapidly altered due to the neoliberal changes, which has weakened the social support system. This has created ‘identity crisis’ for many social workers who still perceive themselves as promoters of ‘welfare of the people’. This study explores the neoliberal transformations and the changing professional identity of municipal social workers and their experiences of, and responses to, the neoliberal reorganisation of public social work in Sweden. The following questions have guided the study: How has the recent political, social and organisational transformations influenced the daily work of social workers? How such changes have influenced the relationship and trust between social workers and service users? How such neoliberal transformations have influenced social workers professional identity? How do social workers respond to neoliberal changes in and limitations to their professional activities? The contribution is based on interviews with 15 social workers working in different municipalities in Sweden, during 2016-17. The interviewed social workers were engaged in different areas of public municipal social work, such as in the areas of child and family welfare, homelessness, mental health problems and substance abuse and social work with asylum-seekers. The results have been analysed in the frame of critical social theory. The study shows that meanwhile some social workers are resisting the neoliberal managerialism, which influence their sense of pride in their professional identities by finding new creative and progressive ways of working with people in need, others are uncritically adjusting themselves to evolving forms of neoliberal managerialism. It is concluded that the new neoliberal political and organisational landscape of professional social work in Sweden and the retreat of the welfare state from its traditional duties and, thereby, the reduction of social workers possibilities to work directly with service users, make the struggle for revitalisation of rights-based welfare state and solidary social work more urgent than ever.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Field training in the Global South and unequal power relations : On the challenges of encounters
- 2018
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Ingår i: FORSA/NOUSA - Nordic Social Work Conference 2018. ; , s. 41-41
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- International field training offers unique opportunity for social work students to deepen their understandings of dominant social forces and power relations behind the reproduction of inequalities. Field training in the Global South is often influenced by many students’ colonial discourses and ignorance of their ‘whiteness of power’ received through their West-centric education in the Global North. This creates a challenge for social work educators to properly prepare students for field training in Global South. In this study, based on a mixed method approach, web survey, focus groups and document review of field reports, we examine how international field training influence Swedish and Norwegian students’ knowledge and personal and professional development. The study is guided by the questions: ‘What exemplify inequality of power encountered by the students conducting field training in the Global South?’, ‘What prevent and enable students in identifying unequal power relations during international field training?’, ‘How can social work educators ensure that social work students disentangle power dynamics at personal and structural levels? The results of the study show that international field training can both contribute to deepening students’ understanding of power and privileges and also reinforce their a priori ‘Us’ and ‘Them’-based knowledge. This means that social work educators bear a major responsibility for developing critical curriculums including pedagogical practices using critical reflection of how own biases, assumptions and dominant worldviews may affect the ways students perceive differences and power relations in international field trainings in the Global South.
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| 14. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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International field training in social work education : beyond colonial divides
- 2018
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Ingår i: Social Work Education. - : Routledge. - 0261-5479 .- 1470-1227. ; 37:7, s. 895-908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the influence of and need for a critical and global-oriented social work education on students’ learning and developments in the context of international field training. The study uses mixed methods strategy of web survey, focus groups and document review of field reports. Participants in the study are social work students from social work programs in Norway and Sweden who have conducted their international field training in the Global South. The results of the study show that in order to obtain a critical and postcolonial understanding of global inequalities and the role of social work, students need to be truly prepared for international field training by critical and postcolonial knowledge, which will challenge many students’ West-centric perspectives and facilitate them by a self-reflective positioning throughout their field training. The imagination of traveling to and ‘learning about the others’ should be then replaced by a move beyond ‘us-and-them’ divides in line with the ethical principles and values of social work.
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| 15. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Marginalization and social work in a changing society : Older refugees and social work
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent “refugee crisis” is due to global inequalities, wars and conflicts, political and social instabilities which have led to deterioration in the living conditions of many people in non-Western countries; resulting in displacement of millions of people on a global scale. A “substantial number” of people who flee to European countries are older refugees who loose their social networks in times of crises and large-scale emmigration. Given the lack of job opportunities for older people they become socioeconomically and culturally marginalised in the host countries. Older refugees and their living conditions have been overlooked in global social problems such as forced migration and rarely addressed by social work programs or professionals, although social workers play a key role in in supporting the rapidly ageing world. This presentation critically examines the hindrances and opportunities for the inclusion of older persons in the host society. The preliminary results of the study show the structural hindrances such as the pension system and the advanced labour market but also possibilities of receiving a relatively good health care and public economic support. It is argued that social work should actively be engaged in structural reforms to improve the living conditions of older refugees.
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| 16. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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Overfishing, social problems, and ecosocial sustainability in Senegalese fishing communities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Community Practice. - : Routledge. - 1070-5422 .- 1543-3706. ; 27:3-4, s. 213-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores living conditions of people in Senegalese fishing communities in relation to environmental change and unregulated fishing by foreign boats, weakening local opportunities and increasing forced migration of youth, creating problems for the future development of local fishery communities. It employs a postcolonial perspective and analyzes data collected through interviews with individuals from Senegalese fishing communities, social workers and relevant documents. The results show local reactions based on alliances between social workers and local community members to overfishing and the need for national and global structural changes. It is argued that EU’s fishing agreements with Senegalese government is one of the reasons behind youths’ forced migration to EU countries and that the betterment of the living conditions of fishery communities in Senegal requires not only already emerging alliances between social workers and local community members, but also national and global structural changes to protect Africa’s fishing communities and local fisheries.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H.
(författare)
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Servants of a 'sinking Titanic' or actors of change? : contested identities of social workers in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 22:2, s. 212-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historically, social workers have been an integral part of a well-developed welfare state in Sweden. However, due to the neoliberal changes, which have seen the weakening of the support system for vulnerable groups and individuals, the traditional ‘solidary role’ of social workers has rapidly altered. This has created uncertainty and dilemmas for the identification of many social workers, who still perceive themselves as promoters of ‘welfare of the people’. This article dwells, therefore, on neoliberal transformations and the changing professional identity of practitioners. The study is based on a comprehensive empirical work of interviews with social workers. The results show a growing and widespread unease with new professional roles and functions of social workers as bureaucrats within a neoliberalised organisation of public social work. Some social workers still try to find creative and new ways of working in solidarity, while others, although critical, see adjustment to the new organisational frames as a way to continue their work. It is argued that social workers are not passive actors in the process of neoliberalisation of public social work in Sweden but could actively take different stances and choose their own identifications, in order to maintain the solidary role of social workers.
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| 19. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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Servants of a 'sinking Titanic' or actors of change? : contested identities of social workers in Sweden [Passiva tjänare av ‘ett sjunkande skepp’ eller förändringsaktörer? Ifrågasatta identiteter hos socialarbetare i Sverige]
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 22:2, s. 212-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historically, social workers have been an integral part of a well-developed welfare state in Sweden. However, due to the neoliberal changes, which have seen the weakening of the support system for vulnerable groups and individuals, the traditional ‘solidary role’ of social workers has rapidly altered. This has created uncertainty and dilemmas for the identification of many social workers, who still perceive themselves as promoters of ‘welfare of the people’. This article dwells, therefore, on neoliberal transformations and the changing professional identity of practitioners. The study is based on a comprehensive empirical work of interviews with social workers. The results show a growing and widespread unease with new professional roles and functions of social workers as bureaucrats within a neoliberalised organisation of public social work. Some social workers still try to find creative and new ways of working in solidarity, while others, although critical, see adjustment to the new organisational frames as a way to continue their work. It is argued that social workers are not passive actors in the process of neoliberalisation of public social work in Sweden but could actively take different stances and choose their own identifications, in order to maintain the solidary role of social workers.
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| 20. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Social justice beyond neoliberal welfare nationalism : Challenges of increasing immigration to Sweden and Norway
- 2017
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Ingår i: Critical and radical social work An international journal. - : Policy Press. - 2049-8608 .- 2049-8675. ; 5:3, s. 301-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article critically examines the socio-political responses of Sweden and Norway to the increasing of immigration and refugees in 2015/16. Based on a review of governmental and municipal authorities’ responses to the increasing immigration to the two countries, the results show that the increasing of immigration and refugees in a time of neoliberal reorganisation in society creates new conceptual, ethical and practical challenges for the practices of social work in the two countries. It is argued that the neoliberal privatisation of the reception of newcomers deteriorates the possibilities of social work to play its effective role in promoting social justice and social cohesion. Social work as a global and human rights profession should move beyond national boundaries and care nationalism in order to realise solidary goals and the international commitments of social work and social workers.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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Sustainable development and the global role of social work : Discontents and new horizons
- 2018
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Ingår i: SWSD 2018. ; , s. 925-925
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social work has only recently embraced sustainable development as part of its global engagement for the improvement of the living conditions of people. This calls for greater global cooperation for monitoring sustainable development in which the betterment of people is the main goals of development. It acknowledges the global roots of local problems and the need for global joined action as part of the core ethical statements of social work in order to handle challenges created by globalisation of neoliberalism. This includes even marketisation and standardisation of professional social work as part of ‘taking care of the problems’ created by recent decades’ neoliberal structural and institutional transformations. This paper aims at exploring the role of social work in counteracting the destructive ‘developmental’ consequences of neoliberal globalisation, including the destruction of local communities’ opportunities and people’s living conditions. Following questions are guiding this study: ‘How can social work research and education help to fulfil the goals of sustainable development? How can social work tackle neoliberal obstacles to sustainable development in its daily practices? The study is based on, research reviews, interviews and documents concerning standardised methods and practices in social work. The results show that critical knowledge of neoliberal models of development and educating students of social work about the necessity of a global sustainable development in which the improvement of people’s living condition and the future of the planet lies at the heart of social work practice are vital for a solidary global social work. It is argued that since neoliberal globalisation have been assisted by political decision makings, social work should be highly engaged in global political and protest social movements, which nurture new and solidary horizons promoting a sustainable and better future for everybody.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching Social Work Values and Ethics in international field training
- 2017
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Ingår i: Social work education in Europe: challenging boundaries promoting a sustainable future. - 9782956049203 ; , s. 72-72
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Global Statements of Ethical Principles of Social Work highlight the need to educate social workers about values and ethics. The ethical challenges and dilemmas connected to social work training in international contexts have not received much attention in social work research and education. This paper explores how post-colonial, west-centric and neoliberal thinking and practices have impacted upon international social work including field training and highlights our opportunities as social work educators to respond in an ethical manner by critical pedagogy and anti-oppressive social work approaches. The study is based on mixed methods of web survey and focus groups with Norwegian and Swedish social work students who have conducted international field training. The preliminary results of the study show that in order to reduce multilevel vulnerability, the values of social justice should be placed at the core of social work education and international field training.
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| 25. |
- Jönsson, Jessica H., 1981-
(författare)
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The contested field of social work in a retreating welfare state : the case of Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Critical and radical social work An international journal. - : Policy Press. - 2049-8608 .- 2049-8675. ; 3:3, s. 357-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article critically examines the consequences of the neoliberal reorganisation of the welfare state for social work in Sweden in a time of increasing poverty, marginalisation and social problems. The retreat of the welfare state from its traditional obligations has resulted in the emergence of many voluntary and private actors in the Swedish ‘care market’, driving social work to authoritative action of social control and engagement in charitable activities. Based on a review of recent events indicating that municipal social work is in crisis, it is shown that critical voices are reacting against the increasing shortcomings of the welfare state, including municipal social work practices. It is argued that the pursuit of rights-based social work is urgent and that social work should be engaged in raising critical questions influencing public debate in order to counteract the increasing neoliberal dissolution of the Swedish welfare state and social work, which has led to increasing inequalities and injustices.
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