| 1. |
- Zhang, Huai, et al.
(författare)
-
A global survey on the use of the international classification of diseases codes for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Hepatology international. - 1936-0541.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the publication of the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) nomenclature in 2020, it is important to establish consensus for the coding of MAFLD in ICD-11. This will inform subsequent revisions of ICD-11.Using the Qualtrics XM and WJX platforms, questionnaires were sent online to MAFLD-ICD-11 coding collaborators, authors of papers, and relevant association members.A total of 890 international experts in various fields from 61 countries responded to the survey. We also achieved full coverage of provincial-level administrative regions in China. 77.1% of respondents agreed that MAFLD should be represented in ICD-11 by updating NAFLD, with no significant regional differences (77.3% in Asia and 76.6% in non-Asia, p=0.819). Over 80% of respondents agreed or somewhat agreed with the need to assign specific codes for progressive stages of MAFLD (i.e. steatohepatitis) (92.2%), MAFLD combined with comorbidities (84.1%), or MAFLD subtypes (i.e., lean, overweight/obese, and diabetic) (86.1%).This global survey by a collaborative panel of clinical, coding, health management and policy experts, indicates agreement that MAFLD should be coded in ICD-11. The data serves as a foundation for corresponding adjustments in the ICD-11 revision.
|
|
| 2. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
|
|
| 3. |
- Zeng, Jinshu, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute physiological, perceived exertion andenjoyment responses during a 4-weekbasketball training: a small-sided game vs.high-intensity interval training.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-1078. ; 14
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Although previous research found that small-sided game (SSG) trainingwas more enjoyable than high-intensity interval training (HIT) in various sports, no datawere provided during longer training period in basketball. Furthermore, the comparisonof internal loads between the two training approaches needs to be further examined.Thus, this study aimed to examine the acute physiological, perceived exertion andenjoyment responses during 4-week progressive basketball SSG or HIT programs.Methods: Nineteen female collegiate basketball players were randomly assigned totwo groups that performed either HIT (n = 10) or SSG (n = 9) 3 times per week for4 continuous weeks. Average and percentage of maximal heart rate (HRmean and%HRmax), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and physical activity enjoyment (PACES)were determined during each training session.Results: There was a main group effect in PACES (p < 0.001; η p2 = 0.44, moderate),and SSG had higher PACES than HIT in each week (p < 0.05). There were no significantinteractions or main group effects in HRmean, %HRmax or RPE, but a main time effectwas found in HRmean (p = 0.004; η p2 = 0.16, minimum), %HRmax (p < 0.001; η p2 = 0.25,minimum), and RPE (p < 0.001; η p2 = 0.31, moderate), respectively. In the SSG group,although no significant differences were found in HR responses, %HRmax was below90% in week 1 and week 2. Accompanied with changes in %HRmax, RPE in week 1 andweek 2 was lower than that in week 3 and week 4 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SSG and HIT elicit similar acute HR responseand RPE level, but SSG is perceived as more enjoyable and therefore it is more likely toincrease exercise motivation and adherence comparing to HIT. Moreover, it seems thathalf-court, 2 vs. 2 SS Gtraining format with modified rules and lasting ≥ 7.5min shouldbe prescribed as an enjoyable training alternative to provide optimal cardiovascularstimuli (> 90% of HRmax) for female basketball players.
|
|
| 4. |
- Chen, Xue-Lian, et al.
(författare)
-
Polyphenolics from Syzygium brachythyrsum Inhibits Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Induced Macrophage-Derived Foam Cell Formation and Inflammation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Foods. - : MDPI. - 2304-8158. ; 11:21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence suggests that the immunomodulatory property of polyphenols may also contribute to the reduction of cardiovascular risk. In the present study, we investigated the polyphenol extraction (PE) from Syzygium brachythyrsum, a functional food resource in south China, regarding the protective effect on inhibiting foam cell formation and the underlying molecular mechanism based on an ox-LDL-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model. The results of Oil Red O staining, Dil-ox-LDL fluorescent staining, and cholesterol efflux experiments showed that PE, and its two phenolics brachythol B (BB) and ethyl gallate (EG), significantly inhibited the foam cell formation, which may be associated with reducing the expression of SR-A1 and CD36 while increasing expression of SR-B1, ABCG1, and PPAR gamma. In addition, BB and EG also reduce the inflammatory response by down-regulating the expression of NF-kappa B and MAPK signal pathway proteins, thereby inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors. Altogether, PE and its two components BB and EG attenuated foam cell formation and macrophage inflammation response.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ding, Yun Mei, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of social support on illness perception in patients with atrial fibrillation during “Blanking Period” : Mediating role of sense of mastery
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 10:1, s. 115-122
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore whether sense of mastery can mediate the relationship between social support and illness perception in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were at the “Blanking Period.”. Design: A cross-sectional design. Methods: 405 patients with AF who were at the “Blanking Period” in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were recruited; they completed a set of questionnaires, including the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Personal Mastery Scale and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Results: Social support and sense of mastery were both adversely connected to illness perception. The indirect effect of social support on illness perception through sense of mastery was negative, accounting for 86.04% of the total effect. Conclusion: During the “Blanking Period,” better social support and sense of mastery contribute to a positive illness perception of AF patients. Social support also can influence patients' illness perception indirectly via the mediator of sense of mastery.
|
|
| 6. |
- He, Xingkang, et al.
(författare)
-
Visualization of human T lymphocyte-mediated eradication of cancer cells in vivo
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : NATL ACAD SCIENCES. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 117:37, s. 22910-22919
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lymphocyte-based immunotherapy has emerged as a break-through in cancer therapy for both hematologic and solid malignancies. In a subpopulation of cancer patients, this powerful therapeutic modality converts malignancy to clinically manageable disease. However, the T cell- and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell-mediated antimetastatic activity, especially their impacts on microscopic metastatic lesions, has not yet been investigated. Here we report a living zebrafish model that allows us to visualize the metastatic cancer cell killing effect by tumor- infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CAR-T cells in vivo at the single-cell level. In a freshly isolated primary human melanoma, specific TILs effectively eliminated metastatic cancer cells in the living body. This potent metastasis-eradicating effect was validated using a human lymphoma model with CAR-T cells. Furthermore, cancer-associated fibroblasts protected metastatic cancer cells from T cell-mediated killing. Our data provide an in vivo platform to validate antimetastatic effects by human T cell-mediated immunotherapy. This unique technology may serve as a precision medicine platform for assessing anticancer effects of cellular immunotherapy in vivo before administration to human cancer patients.
|
|
| 7. |
- Liang, Pu-Lin, et al.
(författare)
-
Three polymethoxyflavones from the peel of Citrus reticulata "Chachi" inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced macrophage-derived foam cell formation
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-055X. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Foam cell formation is the hallmark of the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of three polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), namely, tangeretin (TAN), 5,6,7,3 ',4 ',5 '-hexamethoxyflavone (HxMF), and 3,5,6,7,8,3 ',4 '-heptamethoxyflavone (HpMF) on macrophage-derived foam cell formation and to further explore the molecular mechanisms. The RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cell model was successfully induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) (80 mu g/ml). It showed that TAN, HxMF, and HpMF alleviated ox-LDL-induced NO release while also inhibiting the expression of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in RAW264.7 cells. Uptake of excess ox-LDL was inhibited by TAN, HxMF, and HpMF, resulting in the reduction of its foam cell formation. Moreover, TAN, HxMF, and HpMF promoted HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux. Western blot experiment showed that TAN, HxMF, and HpMF inhibited the expression of scavenger receptor class A type I (SRA1) and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), while upregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), liver X receptor alpha (LXR alpha), phospholipid ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), and scavenger receptor class B type I (SRB1) expression. Together, our findings suggested that PMFs inhibited foam cell formation might inhibit lipid uptake via downregulating SRA1/CD36 expression and promote cholesterol efflux from foam cells via upregulating PPAR gamma/LXR alpha/ABCG1/SRB1 expression. This antiatherosclerotic activity is expected to provide new insights into the development of healthcare uses for PMFs.
|
|
| 8. |
- Pecunia, Vincenzo, et al.
(författare)
-
Roadmap on energy harvesting materials
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 2515-7639. ; 6:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ambient energy harvesting has great potential to contribute to sustainable development and address growing environmental challenges. Converting waste energy from energy-intensive processes and systems (e.g. combustion engines and furnaces) is crucial to reducing their environmental impact and achieving net-zero emissions. Compact energy harvesters will also be key to powering the exponentially growing smart devices ecosystem that is part of the Internet of Things, thus enabling futuristic applications that can improve our quality of life (e.g. smart homes, smart cities, smart manufacturing, and smart healthcare). To achieve these goals, innovative materials are needed to efficiently convert ambient energy into electricity through various physical mechanisms, such as the photovoltaic effect, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, and radiofrequency wireless power transfer. By bringing together the perspectives of experts in various types of energy harvesting materials, this Roadmap provides extensive insights into recent advances and present challenges in the field. Additionally, the Roadmap analyses the key performance metrics of these technologies in relation to their ultimate energy conversion limits. Building on these insights, the Roadmap outlines promising directions for future research to fully harness the potential of energy harvesting materials for green energy anytime, anywhere.
|
|
| 9. |
- Wu, Jing, et al.
(författare)
-
Interleukin-33 is a Novel Immunosuppressor that Protects Cancer Cells from TIL Killing by a Macrophage-Mediated Shedding Mechanism
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advanced Science. - : Wiley. - 2198-3844. ; 8:21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recognition of specific antigens expressed in cancer cells is the initial process of cytolytic T cell-mediated cancer killing. However, this process can be affected by other non-cancerous cellular components in the tumor microenvironment. Here, it is shown that interleukin-33 (IL-33)-activated macrophages protect melanoma cells from tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte-mediated killing. Mechanistically, IL-33 markedly upregulates metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) expression in macrophages, which acts as a sheddase to trim NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells, subsets of CD4+ T cells, iNKT cells, and gamma delta T cells. Further, MMP-9 also cleaves the MHC class I molecule, cell surface antigen-presenting complex molecules, expressed in melanoma cells. Consequently, IL-33-induced macrophage MMP-9 robustly mitigates the tumor killing-effect by T cells. Genetic and pharmacological loss-of-function of MMP-9 sheddase restore T cell-mediated cancer killing. Together, these data provide compelling in vitro and in vivo evidence showing novel mechanisms underlying the IL-33-macrophage-MMP-9 axis-mediated immune tolerance against cancer cells. Targeting each of these signaling components, including IL-33 and MMP-9 provides a new therapeutic paradigm for improving anticancer efficacy by immune therapy.
|
|
| 10. |
- Xu, Jie, et al.
(författare)
-
Totaling river discharge of the third pole from satellite imagery
- 2024
-
Ingår i: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT. - 0034-4257 .- 1879-0704. ; 308
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high-mountain Third Pole (TP) in Asia is undergoing rapid warming, profoundly impacting river discharge. Changes in precipitation and the degradation of glaciers and permafrost exert a substantial impact on TP rivers, affecting millions downstream. Nevertheless, conventional estimation methods that rely on in -situ observations and models face considerable challenges due to inconsistent data quality and availability, complex terrain, and difficulty in representing hydrological processes. Here, we harnessed the power of high-resolution (3 m) Dove/ PlanetScope satellite images to meticulously measure river width and propose a novel formula for estimating discharge. This approach facilitates a coherent assessment of discharge at various river section shapes. Its efficacy is demonstrated through applying to thirteen high-mountain TP rivers, revealing an estimated total mountain discharge of 3786 billion m 3 during 2017 - 2021, equaling water from approximately 167 Great Lakes. These findings have immediate implications for integrated water resources management at the poorly-gauged transboundary basins of Asia.
|
|
| 11. |
- Yang, Rongrong, et al.
(författare)
-
A healthy lifestyle mitigates the risk of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes : a prospective nested case-control study in a nationwide Swedish twin cohort
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 64, s. 530-539
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis We aimed to examine the association between type 2 diabetes and major subtypes of heart disease, to assess the role of genetic and early-life familial environmental factors in this association and to explore whether and to what extent a healthy lifestyle mitigates the risk of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes.Methods In this prospective nested case-control study based on the Swedish Twin Registry, 41,463 twin individuals who were aged >= 40 and heart disease-free were followed up for 16 years (from 1998 to 2014) to detect incident heart disease. Type 2 diabetes was ascertained from self-report, the National Patient Registry and glucose-lowering medication use. Heart disease diagnosis (including coronary heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure) and onset age were identified from the National Patient Registry. Healthy lifestyle-related factors consisted of being a non-smoker, no/mild alcohol consumption, regular physical activity and being non-overweight. Participants were divided into three groups according to the number of lifestyle-related factors: (1) unfavourable (participants who had no or only one healthy lifestyle factor); (2) intermediate (any two or three); and (3) favourable (four). Generalised estimating equation models for unmatched case-control design and conditional logistic regression for co-twin control design were used in data analyses.Results Of all participants, 2304 (5.5%) had type 2 diabetes at baseline. During the observation period, 9262 (22.3%) had any incident heart disease. In unmatched case-control analyses and co-twin control analyses, the multi-adjusted OR and 95% CI of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes was 4.36 (3.95, 4.81) and 4.89 (3.88, 6.16), respectively. The difference in ORs from unmatched case-control analyses vs co-twin control analyses was statistically significant (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.42, 1.73; p < 0.001). In stratified analyses by type 2 diabetes, compared with an unfavourable lifestyle, an intermediate lifestyle or a favourable lifestyle was associated with a significant 32% (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.49, 0.93) or 56% (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.30, 0.63) decrease in heart disease risk among patients with type 2 diabetes, respectively. There were significant additive and multiplicative interactions between lifestyle and type 2 diabetes on heart disease.Conclusions/interpretation Type 2 diabetes is associated with more than fourfold increased risk of heart disease. The association still remains statistically significant, even after fully controlling for genetic and early-life familial environmental factors. However, greater adherence to a healthy lifestyle may significantly mitigate the risk of heart disease related to type 2 diabetes.
|
|
| 12. |
- Yuan, Shuai, et al.
(författare)
-
Mendelian randomization and clinical trial evidence supports TYK2 inhibition as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases
- 2023
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2352-3964. ; 89
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To explore the associations of genetically proxied TYK2 inhibition with a wide range of disease outcomes and biomarkers to identify therapeutic repurposing opportunities, adverse effects, and biomarkers of efficacy.Methods: The loss-of-function missense variant rs34536443 in TYK2 gene was used as a genetic instrument to proxy the effect of TYK2 inhibition. A phenome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the associations of genetically-proxied TYK2 inhibition with 1473 disease outcomes in UK Biobank (N = 339,197). Identified associations were examined for replication in FinnGen (N = 260,405). We further performed tissue -specific gene expression MR, colocalization analyses, and MR with 247 blood biomarkers. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on TYK2 inhibitor was performed to complement the genetic evidence.Findings: PheWAS-MR found that genetically-proxied TYK2 inhibition was associated with lower risk of a wide range of autoimmune diseases. The associations with hypothyroidism and psoriasis were confirmed in MR analysis of tissue-specific TYK2 gene expression and the associations with systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis were observed in colocalization analysis. There were nominal associations of genetically-proxied TYK2 inhibition with increased risk of prostate and breast cancer but not in tissue-specific expression MR or colocalization analyses. Thirty-seven blood biomarkers were associated with the TYK2 loss-of-function mutation. Evidence from RCTs confirmed the effectiveness of TYK2 inhibitors on plaque psoriasis and reported several adverse effects.Interpretation: This study supports TYK2 inhibitor as a potential treatment for psoriasis and several other autoim-mune diseases. Increased pharmacovigilance is warranted in relation to the potential adverse effects.
|
|
| 13. |
- Chen, Haizhou, et al.
(författare)
-
Measurement Capability Evaluation of Acoustic Emission Sensors in IIoT System for PHM
- 2024
-
Ingår i: IEEE Internet of Things Journal. - 2327-4662. ; , s. 1-1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the realm of Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is pivotal for advancing Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) through real-time monitoring of asset conditions. The efficacy of these IIoT systems heavily relies on the precision and reliability of Acoustic Emission (AE) sensor data. Recognizing the critical dependence of IIoT system functionality on AE sensor capability, this study proposes a novel, systematic framework tailored for PHM applications. Our approach expands the application of the Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gage R&R) technique, focusing on enhancing the reliability of IIoT-AE systems. In experimental study, AE sensors are deployed to collect data across various operational contexts, including different fault types, measurement positions, operators, speeds, and trial counts. This comprehensive exploration reveals how different contextual factors impact AE sensor capability, thereby facilitating the strategic selection of contexts for precise data acquisition. Additionally, we introduce an innovative three-region graph comprising key metrics, namely Percentage of Repeatability & Reproducibility (PRR), Precision-to-Tolerance Ratio (PTR), and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), to provide a clear and intuitive visualization of AE sensor capability and acceptability based on well-defined criteria. Our findings lay the groundwork for ensuring the accuracy and reliability in IIoT systems for PHM, while also provides invaluable guidance for contextual design and practical enhancement of AE sensor, with broader implications for real-time sensor capability evaluations in IoT systems. This work marks a significant step forward in ensuring the reliability of IIoT deployments in PHM, ultimately contributing to the advancement of sensor technology in Industry 4.0 applications.
|
|
| 14. |
- Chen, Jie, et al.
(författare)
-
Therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease : proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses
- 2023
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 89
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Identifying new drug targets for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is urgently needed. The proteome is a major source of therapeutic targets. We conducted a proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses to identify possible targets for IBD.Methods: Summary-level data of 4907 circulating protein levels were extracted from a large-scale protein quantitative trait loci study including 35,559 individuals. Genetic associations with IBD and its subtypes were obtained from the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (25,024 cases and 34,915 controls), the FinnGen study (7206 cases and 253,199 controls), and the UK Biobank study (7045 cases and 449,282 controls). MR analysis was conducted to estimate the associations between protein and IBD risk. The colocalization analysis was used to examine whether the identified proteins and IBD shared casual variants.Findings: Genetically predicted levels of 3, and 5 circulating proteins were associated with IBD and ulcerative colitis (UC), respectively. With high supporting evidence of colocalization, genetically predicted MST1 (macrophage stim-ulating 1) and HGFAC (hepatocyte growth factor activator) levels were inversely associated with IBD risks. The as-sociations of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), MST1, CXCL5 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5), and ITPKA (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase A) with the risk of UC were supported by colocalization analysis.Interpretation: The proteome-wide MR investigation identified many proteins associated with the risk of IBD. MST1, HGFAC, STAT3, ITPKA, and CXCL5 deserve further investigation as potential therapeutic targets for IBD. 2023;89: Published https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ebiom.2023. 104494
|
|
| 15. |
- Chen, Shouzhi, et al.
(författare)
-
Influences of Shifted Vegetation Phenology on Runoff Across a Hydroclimatic Gradient
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-462X. ; 12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate warming has changed vegetation phenology, and the phenology-associated impacts on terrestrial water fluxes remain largely unquantified. The impacts are linked to plant adjustments and responses to climate change and can be different in different hydroclimatic regions. Based on remote sensing data and observed river runoff of hydrological station from six river basins across a hydroclimatic gradient from northeast to southwest in China, the relative contributions of the vegetation (including spring and autumn phenology, growing season length (GSL), and gross primary productivity) and climatic factors affecting the river runoffs over 1982–2015 were investigated by applying gray relational analysis (GRA). We found that the average GSLs in humid regions (190–241 days) were longer than that in semi-humid regions (186–192 days), and the average GSLs were consistently extended by 4.8–13.9 days in 1982–2015 period in six river basins. The extensions were mainly linked to the delayed autumn phenology in the humid regions and to advanced spring phenology in the semi-humid regions. Across all river basins, the GRA results showed that precipitation (r = 0.74) and soil moisture (r = 0.73) determine the river runoffs, and the vegetation factors (VFs) especially the vegetation phenology also affected the river runoffs (spring phenology: r = 0.66; GSL: r = 0.61; autumn phenology: r = 0.59), even larger than the contribution from temperature (r = 0.57), but its relative importance is climatic region-dependent. Interestingly, the spring phenology is the main VF in the humid region for runoffs reduction, while both spring and autumn growth phenology are the main VFs in the semi-humid region, because large autumn phenology delay and less water supply capacity in spring amplify the effect of advanced spring phenology. This article reveals diverse linkages between climatic and VFs, and runoff in different hydroclimatic regions, and provides insights that vegetation phenology influences the ecohydrology process largely depending on the local hydroclimatic conditions, which improve our understanding of terrestrial hydrological responses to climate change.
|
|
| 16. |
- Chen, Xuehan, et al.
(författare)
-
Perspective Phosphine oxide additives for perovskite diodes and solar cells
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Chem. - : CELL PRESS. - 2451-9308 .- 2451-9294. ; 9:3, s. 562-575
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lead halide perovskites have been considered promising semicon-ducting materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their solution processability and excellent optoelectronic proper-ties. Device performance of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been rapidly devel-oped during the past decade. Very recently, organic molecules containing phosphine oxide groups have emerged as promising ad-ditives and passivators to improve the device performance and sta-bility of both PeLEDs and PSCs. In this perspective, we summarize recent progress in the development of new phosphine-oxide-based additives for PeLEDs and PSCs. The passivation mechanism, molecule design principle, and structure-property relationship of phosphine oxide molecules for PeLEDs and PSCs are systematically discussed and analyzed. Finally, we provide an outlook on the mo-lecular design of novel phosphine oxide compounds for efficient and stable PeLEDs and PSCs in the future.
|
|
| 17. |
- Cheng, Fangwen, et al.
(författare)
-
Interfacial Property Tuning Enables Copper Electrodes in High-Performance n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 145:36, s. 20081-20087
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing cost-effective metal electrodes is essential for reducing the overall cost of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although copper is highly conductive and economical, it is rarely used as a positive electrode in efficient n-i-p PSCs due to its unmatched Fermi level and low oxidation threshold. We report herein that modification for the inner surface of electrodes using mercaptopyridine-based molecules readily tunes the electronic and chemical properties of copper, which has been achieved by fine-tuning the substituents of mercaptopyridines. The systematic adjustment for the Fermi level and oxidation potential of copper facilitates interfacial hole extraction and enhances the oxidation resistance of copper electrodes, which enables pure copper electrodes to be used in high-performance n-i-p PSCs with different hole transport materials. The resulting PSCs with copper electrodes display excellent power conversion efficiency and long-term stability, even comparable to those of the gold electrodes, showing great potential in the manufacturing and commercialization of PSCs.
|
|
| 18. |
- Foox, Jonathan, et al.
(författare)
-
The SEQC2 epigenomics quality control (EpiQC) study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 22:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCytosine modifications in DNA such as 5-methylcytosine (5mC) underlie a broad range of developmental processes, maintain cellular lineage specification, and can define or stratify types of cancer and other diseases. However, the wide variety of approaches available to interrogate these modifications has created a need for harmonized materials, methods, and rigorous benchmarking to improve genome-wide methylome sequencing applications in clinical and basic research. Here, we present a multi-platform assessment and cross-validated resource for epigenetics research from the FDA’s Epigenomics Quality Control Group.ResultsEach sample is processed in multiple replicates by three whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) protocols (TruSeq DNA methylation, Accel-NGS MethylSeq, and SPLAT), oxidative bisulfite sequencing (TrueMethyl), enzymatic deamination method (EMSeq), targeted methylation sequencing (Illumina Methyl Capture EPIC), single-molecule long-read nanopore sequencing from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and 850k Illumina methylation arrays. After rigorous quality assessment and comparison to Illumina EPIC methylation microarrays and testing on a range of algorithms (Bismark, BitmapperBS, bwa-meth, and BitMapperBS), we find overall high concordance between assays, but also differences in efficiency of read mapping, CpG capture, coverage, and platform performance, and variable performance across 26 microarray normalization algorithms.ConclusionsThe data provided herein can guide the use of these DNA reference materials in epigenomics research, as well as provide best practices for experimental design in future studies. By leveraging seven human cell lines that are designated as publicly available reference materials, these data can be used as a baseline to advance epigenomics research.
|
|
| 19. |
- Gao, Xiang, et al.
(författare)
-
Cold adaptation in drylands: transcriptomic insights into cold-stressed Nostoc flagelliforme and characterization of a hypothetical gene with cold and nitrogen stress tolerance
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - : Wiley. - 1462-2920 .- 1462-2912. ; 23:2, s. 713-727
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental stressors, especially low temperature, are very common on the earth's dryland systems. Terrestrial cyanobacteria have evolved with cold adaptability in addition to extreme dryness and high irradiation resistance. The dryland soil surface-dwelling species, Nostoc flagelliforme, serves as a potential model organism to gain insights into cyanobacterial cold adaptation. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of N. flagelliforme samples in response to low temperature. The results revealed that the biological processes, such as terpenoid biosynthetic process, oxidoreductase activity, carbohydrate metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, lipid and nitrogen metabolism, were significantly and dynamically changed during the cold stress. It was noteworthy that the transcription of the denitrification pathway for ammonia accumulation was enhanced, implying an importance for nitrogen utilization in stress resistance. In addition, characterization of a cold-responsive hypothetical gene csrnf1 found that it could greatly improve the cold-resistant performance of cells when it was heterologously expressed in transgenic Nostoc sp. PCC 7120. It was also found that csrnf1 transgenic strain exhibited resistance to nitrogen-deficient environmental stress. Considering that dryland cyanobacteria have to cope with low temperature on infertile soils, this study would enrich our understanding on the importance of multifunction of the genes for environmental cold adaptation in drylands.
|
|
| 20. |
- Hao, Jing, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-contact Method for Dielectric Response Measurements
- 2020
-
Ingår i: 7th IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, ICHVE 2020 - Proceedings. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc..
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dielectric response measurement is an important technique to assess the properties of insulation materials. However, the widely used approach with contact between samples and electrodes can in some cases limit the accuracy of the measurement. In this paper, an easily fabricated design is introduced and used to perform non-contact measurements. Air-reference measurements, comparing the sample to an air-gap for improved calibration, are used for all measurements. Results obtained by contact and non-contact methods, and with the feedback of electrometer locked and unlocked are compared. The effect of the pressure applied by the electrode is also investigated for both non-contact and contact measurements. Results show that the non-contact method can be an alternative to reduce contact problems between the sample and electrodes. For air-reference measurements, the impedance measurement instrument should be forced to use the same reference component for the air and sample measurements. Results obtained by the non-contact measurements are less sensitive to the pressure compared to that by contact measurements.
|
|
| 21. |
- Hao, Jing, 1991, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-contact method to reduce contact problems between sample and electrode in dielectric measurements
- 2020
-
Ingår i: High Voltage. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET). - 2397-7264. ; 5:6, s. 753-761
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dielectric response measurement is a widely used technique for characterising dielectric materials in terms of their capacitance and dielectric loss. However, the widely used approach with contact between samples and electrodes can in some cases limit the accuracy of the measurement. The authors introduce an easily realised electrode arrangement for non-contact measurements, which avoids these contact problems. The performance of the electrode arrangement in terms of the edge effect is assessed. The non-contact and contact methods are compared based on error-sensitivity analysis and experimental results. Differences are studied further, with attention to contact pressure. The non-contact method is also compared experimentally with the one-sided non-contact method. Air-reference measurements, comparing the sample to an air-gap for improved calibration, are used for all measurements. The results show that the non-contact method can be an alternative to reduce contact problems between the sample and electrodes, although error sensitivity can be higher when the non-contact method is used. The non- contact method can decrease the influence of the pressure applied to the sample compared to the contact method, and can also reduce the problem of poor contact that can arise from the absence of pressure in the one-sided non-contact method.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Hosaka, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Therapeutic paradigm of dual targeting VEGF and PDGF for effectively treating FGF-2 off-target tumors
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1, s. 3704-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- FGF-2 displays multifarious functions in regulation of angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. However, effective drugs for treating FGF-2+ tumors are unavailable. Here we show that FGF-2 modulates tumor vessels by recruiting NG2+ pricytes onto tumor microvessels through a PDGFRβ-dependent mechanism. FGF-2+ tumors are intrinsically resistant to clinically available drugs targeting VEGF and PDGF. Surprisingly, dual targeting the VEGF and PDGF signaling produces a superior antitumor effect in FGF-2+ breast cancer and fibrosarcoma models. Mechanistically, inhibition of PDGFRβ ablates FGF-2-recruited perivascular coverage, exposing anti-VEGF agents to inhibit vascular sprouting. These findings show that the off-target FGF-2 is a resistant biomarker for anti-VEGF and anti-PDGF monotherapy, but a highly beneficial marker for combination therapy. Our data shed light on mechanistic interactions between various angiogenic and remodeling factors in tumor neovascularization. Optimization of antiangiogenic drugs with different principles could produce therapeutic benefits for treating their resistant off-target cancers.
|
|
| 25. |
- Hou, Xuejiao, et al.
(författare)
-
Anthropogenic transformation of Yangtze Plain freshwater lakes: patterns, drivers and impacts
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Remote Sensing of Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0034-4257. ; 248
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past half century, the Yangtze Plain of China has experienced rapid economic development. Lake reclamation (i.e., conversion of natural lake/wetland areas to agricultural/urban land or aquaculture, thereby reducing the area of natural waters) in particular has greatly contributed to meeting the increasing demands for food and urban development. However, until now, a comprehensive quantification and understanding of historical anthropogenic lacustrine exploitation in this region has been lacking, prohibiting assessment of the impacts of these activities. We used Landsat observations from 1973 to 2018 to track reclamation-induced changes in 112 large lakes (97.8% of the total lake area) in the Yangtze Plain. We show that 41.6% (6056.9 km2) of the total lake area has been reclaimed since the 1970s. The expansion of agricultural and built-up lands dominated the reclamation activities in the 1970s, while the increase of aquaculture zones has prevailed since the mid-1980s. Reclamation activities were closely connected to government policies and major socio-economic events and had strong impacts on lake hydrology, flood risk mitigation capacity, and water quality as revealed by satellite and in situ observations. This new quantitative understanding of anthropogenic reclamation and its associated impacts on Yangtze Plain freshwater lakes can underpin the development of strategies to reduce the impacts of lake reclamation on environmental quality. The study has also demonstrated the unique strength of using long-term series satellite images in tracking historical environmental changes in a substantial region of the world, and the methods used here are potentially extendable to other inland and coastal areas to understand similar human-environment interaction problems.
|
|
