| 1. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Aamodt, K., et al.
(författare)
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The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08002
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a general-purpose, heavy-ion detector at the CERN LHC which focuses on QCD, the strong-interaction sector of the Standard Model. It is designed to address the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at extreme values of energy density and temperature in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Besides running with Pb ions, the physics programme includes collisions with lighter ions, lower energy running and dedicated proton-nucleus runs. ALICE will also take data with proton beams at the top LHC energy to collect reference data for the heavy-ion programme and to address several QCD topics for which ALICE is complementary to the other LHC detectors. The ALICE detector has been built by a collaboration including currently over 1000 physicists and engineers from 105 Institutes in 30 countries, Its overall dimensions are 16 x 16 x 26 m(3) with a total weight of approximately 10 000 t. The experiment consists of 18 different detector systems each with its own specific technology choice and design constraints, driven both by the physics requirements and the experimental conditions expected at LHC. The most stringent design constraint is to cope with the extreme particle multiplicity anticipated in central Pb-Pb collisions. The different subsystems were optimized to provide high-momentum resolution as well as excellent Particle Identification (PID) over a broad range in momentum, up to the highest multiplicities predicted for LHC. This will allow for comprehensive studies of hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collision of heavy nuclei. Most detector systems are scheduled to be installed and ready for data taking by mid-2008 when the LHC is scheduled to start operation, with the exception of parts of the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS), Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) and Electro Magnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). These detectors will be completed for the high-luminosity ion run expected in 2010. This paper describes in detail the detector components as installed for the first data taking in the summer of 2008.
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| 3. |
- Khan, N. K., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of ECG abnormalities in an international survey of patients with suspected or confirmed heart failure at death or discharge
- 2007
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Ingår i: European journal of heart failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842. ; 9:5, s. 491-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Most patients suspected of having heart failure (HF) will get a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) but its utility for excluding HF or assisting in its management has rarely been investigated. METHODS: The EuroHeart Failure survey identified 11,327 patients hospitalised with a suspected diagnosis of HF from 115 hospitals in 24 countries. ECGs were obtained from 9315 patients, of whom 5934 had cardiac imaging tests. The utility of the ECG was assessed for excluding or diagnosing major structural heart disease (MSHD) or major left ventricular systolic dysfunction (MLVSD) and for therapeutic decision making. FINDINGS: MSHD was present in 70% and MLVSD in 54% of patients overall but in only 21% and 5%, respectively, if the ECG was entirely normal. However, <2% of patients had a normal ECG. No single ECG characteristic identified a probability <25% of MSHD or <20% of MLVSD. Patients with QRS width >/=120 ms or anterior pathological Q-waves had a probability >80% of MSHD and >70% of MLVSD. Diagnostic models suggested that electrocardiographic criteria alone were not accurate for the diagnosis or exclusion of important heart disease in this population. However, 2468 patients (42%) had an electrocardiographic finding that should be used to guide the choice of therapy. CONCLUSIONS: A normal ECG is rare in patients with suspected HF but has limited diagnostic value in this setting. The ECG has an important role in guiding therapy.
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| 4. |
- Richards, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nature. - 1476-4687. ; 452:7190, s. 949-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tribolium castaneum is a representative of earth’s most numerous eukaryotic order, a powerful model organism for the study of generalized insect development, and also an important pest of stored agricultural products. We describe its genome sequence here. This omnivorous beetle has evolved an ability to interact with a diverse chemical environment as evidenced by large expansions in odorant and gustatory receptors, as well as p450 and other detoxification enzymes. Developmental patterns in Tribolium are more representative of other arthropods than those found in Drosophila, a fact represented in gene content and function. For one, Tribolium has retained more ancestral genes involved in cell-cell communication than Drosophila, and some are expressed in the growth zone crucial for axial elongation in short germ development. Systemic RNAi in T. castaneum appears to use mechanisms distinct from those found in C. elegans, but nevertheless offers similar power for the elucidation of gene function and identification of targets for selective insect control.
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| 5. |
- Bryzgalova, G, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms of antidiabetogenic and body weight-lowering effects of estrogen in high-fat diet-fed mice
- 2008
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Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. - : American Physiological Society. - 0193-1849 .- 1522-1555. ; 295:4, s. E904-E912
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse is a model of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance. The main objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidiabetogenic and weight-lowering effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) in this mouse model. C57BL/6 female mice (8 wk old) were fed on a HFD for 10 mo. E2, given daily (50 μg/kg sc) during the last month of feeding, decreased body weight and markedly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Plasma levels of insulin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were decreased. We demonstrated that E2treatment decreased the expression of genes encoding resistin and leptin in white adipose tissue (WAT), whereas adiponectin expression was unchanged. Furthermore, in WAT we demonstrated decreased expression levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) and its lipogenic target genes, such as fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). In the liver, the expression levels of transcription factors such as liver X receptor α and SREBP1c were not changed by E2treatment, but the expression of the key lipogenic gene SCD1 was reduced. This was accompanied by decreased hepatic triglyceride content. Importantly, E2decreased the hepatic expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase). We conclude that E2treatment exerts antidiabetic and antiobesity effects in HFD mice and suggest that this is related to decreased expression of lipogenic genes in WAT and liver and suppression of hepatic expression of G-6-Pase. Decreased plasma levels of resistin probably also play an important role in this context.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hu, J., et al.
(författare)
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CIRCULAR AXE-SHAPED PATCH ANTENNA FOR COMPACT AND DUAL BAND WIRELESS APPLICATIONS
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:11-12, s. 1655-1660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A compact circular AXE-shaped patch antenna is presented for miniaturized application. The proposed design is further modified for dual band 2.4/5.5 GHz wireless application. The measured return loss is from 2.38 similar to 2.42 GHz and 5.41 similar to 5.59 GHz suitable for dual band WLAN application. Same design procedure can also be applied for miniaturized applications. The miniaturization process shifts the resonance at 1.71 GHz instead of 2.5 GHz in case of simple circular patch. The radiation pattern and gain for dual band wireless antenna is also measured and presented.
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| 8. |
- Iacopetta, B, et al.
(författare)
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Functional categories of TP53 mutation in colorectal cancer: results of an International Collaborative Study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO. - : Elsevier BV. - 0923-7534. ; 17:5, s. 842-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Loss of TP53 function through gene mutation is a critical event in the development and progression of many tumour types including colorectal cancer (CRC). In vitro studies have found considerable heterogeneity amongst different TP53 mutants in terms of their transactivating abilities. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether TP53 mutations classified as functionally inactive (< or=20% of wildtype transactivation ability) had different prognostic and predictive values in CRC compared with mutations that retained significant activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TP53 mutations within a large, international database of CRC (n = 3583) were classified according to functional status for transactivation. RESULTS: Inactive TP53 mutations were found in 29% of all CRCs and were more frequent in rectal (32%) than proximal colon (22%) tumours (P < 0.001). Higher frequencies of inactive TP53 mutations were also seen in advanced stage tumours (P = 0.0003) and in tumours with the poor prognostic features of vascular (P = 0.006) and lymphatic invasion (P = 0.002). Inactive TP53 mutations were associated with significantly worse outcome only in patients with Dukes' stage D tumours (RR = 1.71, 95%CI 1.25-2.33, P < 0.001). Patients with Dukes' C stage tumours appeared to gain a survival benefit from 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regardless of TP53 functional status for transactivation ability. CONCLUSIONS: Mutations that inactivate the transactivational ability of TP53 are more frequent in advanced CRC and are associated with worse prognosis in this stage of disease.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Islam, M. N., et al.
(författare)
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Developing an extensible framework for content based searching in super peer P2P network
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 10th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, ICCIT. - : IEEE. - 1424415519 - 9781424415519 ; , s. 4579381-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Searching is an important factor in p2p network for content retrieval. Most of the searches in p2p system are title-based with their limited functionality. Without knowing the unique filename we can't retrieve the content of the file in title based search. Here super peer p2p network is designed that supports content-based search for relevant documents. At the beginning, a general and extensible framework is proposed which is based on hierarchical summary structure for searching similar documents in p2p network. The summary structure is formed by Vector Space Model (VSM), Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) techniques. Than an effective document searching is developed by summarizing and maintaining all documents within the network with different factors. Finally at the end, the experimental result is verified on a real p2p prototype and large scale network. The results show the effectiveness, efficiency and scalability of the proposed system.
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| 11. |
- Khan, S. N., et al.
(författare)
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A modified coplanar monopole antenna of circular disk with an ultra wide bandwidth from 2.28 similar to 38.2 GHz
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:4, s. 593-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple coplanar monopole antenna of circular disk is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. Coplanar ground plane is slightly modified with an arc-shaped cut, so that an improved impedance bandwidth, especially at the higher frequencies is achieved. The measured return loss from 2.28 similar to 38.2GHz is below -10dB and the measured radiation pattern is quasi omni-directional.
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| 12. |
- Khan, S. N., et al.
(författare)
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Circular fractal monopole antenna based on descartes circle theorem for uwb application
- 2008
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Ingår i: Microwave and optical technology letters (Print). - : Wiley. - 0895-2477 .- 1098-2760. ; 50:6, s. 1605-1608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An apollonian shaped ultra-wideband circular monopole antenna based oil descartes circle theorem is presented. Different self similar geometries front DCT are analyzed and optmized for UWB applications. The proposed design is slightly modified to ensure all overall smooth current distribution limited by the Junction point nature of the fractal geometries. The experimental results are compared with conventional circular disk monopole (and annular monopole antenna. The measured return loss of the proposed design below - 10 dB is from 2.4 to over 40 GHz and its radiation pattern is omni-directional compared with circular disk and annular antennas in most of its impedance bandwidth. Moreover due to the fractal shape, the proposed design has less weight and wind loading effect.
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| 13. |
- Khan, S. N., et al.
(författare)
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LEFT HANDED MICROSTRIP TRANSMISSION LINE LOADED WITH COMBINATION OF SPLIT RING RESONATOR AND COMPLEMENTARY-SRR
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:13, s. 1857-1863
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An approach to realize left-handedness in microstrip transmission line by simultaneously loading it with split ring resonator and complementary split ring resonator is proposed. A transmission line individually loaded with either with SRR (-mu) or CSRR (-epsilon) has band rejection but when simultaneously loaded has a passband near the previously rejected band due to negative values of both -mu and -epsilon. i.e., left handedness. The design is compact, low pro. le and independent of the substrate permittivity. Simulation and experimental results are also presented and the design is suitable for devices like fiters and couplers.
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| 14. |
- Khan, S. N., et al.
(författare)
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LOW PROFILE AND COMPACT SIZE COPLANAR UWB ANTENNA WORKING FROM 2.8 GHz TO OVER 40 GHz
- 2009
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Ingår i: Microwave and optical technology letters (Print). - : Wiley. - 0895-2477 .- 1098-2760. ; 51:2, s. 408-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A square monopole coplanar antenna with a circular base is proposed for ultra wideband (UWB) communications. The design parameters are analyzed and optimized to obtain a good performance and the measured return loss below -10 dB is front 2.8 to over 40 GHz. The proposed antenna has advantages of low profile, small size, UWB and omni-directional pattern.
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| 15. |
- Khan, S. N., et al.
(författare)
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Low profile and small size frequency notched planar monopole antenna from 3.5 to 23.64 ghz
- 2008
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Ingår i: Microwave and optical technology letters (Print). - : Wiley. - 0895-2477 .- 1098-2760. ; 50:1, s. 235-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small size and low profile microstrip fed frequency notched planar monopole ultra wideband (UWB) antenna with an arc shaped slot etched on a circular disk is proposed. The effect of different dimensions of the slotted arc are analyzed and optimized to obtain simultaneously the UWB and the band rejected performance. The return loss from (3.5-23.64 GHz) along with a notched frequency band (5.23-5.8 GHz) and quasi omni-directional radiation pattern is observed.
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| 16. |
- Khan, S N, et al.
(författare)
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Modified square uwb monopole antenna for improved impedance bandwidth
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:14-15, s. 1883-1888
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Square monopole is modified to improve the impedance bandwidth. The modified square monopole has a step-generated circular base. The measured return loss below -10 dB is from 2.42 GHz to over 20GHz and good omnidirectional radiation pattern is also achieved.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Liu, J., et al.
(författare)
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The effect of shorting post on axe-shaped circular antenna miniaturization
- 2009
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Ingår i: PIERS 2009 Beijing. - : Electromagnetics Academy. - 9781618390554 ; , s. 1407-1410
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An edge shorted axe-shaped circular antenna is studied for miniaturization. The effect of the location and number of shorting post on the resonance frequency, impedance match and radiation pattern are studied. By inserting a shorting post near the edge of circular axe- shaped patch, the antenna size (resonates at 1.36 GHz) is reduced about 72% compared to the antenna without shorting post (resonates at 2.58 GHz) and 91% compared to the conventional circular antenna (resonates at 4.6 GHz). The effects of the distance between feeding point and shorting post, the number of shorting posts and the post radius are analyzed. The results show that by putting a shorting post near the edge of the axe-shaped circular patch, the resonant frequency is lower than a post near the center. Meanwhile, the feed should be excited near the shorting post for better impedance match. The effect of increasing the number of shorting post is also studied. If the number of shorting posts is increased to 3, the resonant frequency shifts to 1.48 GHz, which is higher than that with only one shorting post. However, the design offers stable return loss and broadside radiation pattern.
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| 20. |
- Liu, J. X., et al.
(författare)
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SHORTED PIN CIRCULAR AXE-SHAPED PATCH ANTENNA FOR COMPACT AND DUAL BAND APPLICATIONS
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0920-5071 .- 1569-3937. ; 22:14-15, s. 2105-2112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A shorted pin circular axe-shaped antenna is analyzed for compact and dual band applications. Removing two symmetric arc-shaped areas from a simple circular patch lengthens the current path thus reduces the antenna size. Embedding and adjusting a shorting pin further shifts the resonance to a lower frequency and excites another high order mode. The frequency ratio varies between 1.639 similar to 2.616. The patch size is about 51% of the circular axe-shaped patch without shorting pin, and 85% of the simple circular patch antenna. Parametric analyses of the antenna model are presented in detail and a prototype is fabricated for experiment.
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| 21. |
- Lundholm, L, et al.
(författare)
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The estrogen receptor {alpha}-selective agonist propyl pyrazole triol improves glucose tolerance in ob/ob mice; potential molecular mechanisms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinology. - 0022-0795 .- 1479-6805. ; 199:2, s. 275-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to validate the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) signaling in the regulation of glucose metabolism, and to compare the molecular events upon treatment with the ERalpha-selective agonist propyl pyrazole triol (PPT) or 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) in ob/ob mice. Female ob/ob mice were treated with PPT, E(2) or vehicle for 7 or 30 days. Intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed, and insulin secretion was determined from isolated islets. Glucose uptake was assayed in isolated skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Gene expression profiling in the liver was performed using Affymetrix microarrays, and the expression of selected genes was studied by real-time PCR analysis. PPT and E(2) treatment improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Fasting blood glucose levels decreased after 30 days of PPT and E(2) treatment. However, PPT and E(2) had no effect on insulin secretion from isolated islets. Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue were similar in PPT and vehicle-treated ob/ob mice. Hepatic lipid content was decreased after E(2) treatment. In the liver, treatment with E(2) and PPT increased and decreased the respective expression levels of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and of glucose-6-phosphatase. In summary, our data demonstrate that PPT exerts anti-diabetic effects, and these effects are mediated via ERalpha.
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| 22. |
- Qiaoli, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Coupled-line directional coupler based on composite right / left-handed coplanar waveguides
- 2008
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Ingår i: META08 - Proceedings of the 2008 International Workshop on Metamaterials. - 9781424426089 ; , s. 301-304
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broadside coupled (BSC) coupled-line directional coupler based on Composite Right/Left-Handed (CRLH) Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) is proposed. The CRLH CPW on both sides of the substrate comprises of series gap capacitor, broadside-coupled capacitor, and shunt meandering short-circuited stub inductor symmetrically. The new CRLH CPW coupler exhibits a quasi-0-dB coupling over a very wide bandwidth of 89.4% from 6.45 ~ 13.6GHz centered at 8GHz. It is also very compact and symmetrical compared with the conventional designs. An equivalent circuit model including series inductance, capacitance and shunt inductance and capacitance tank also has been established. Good agreement between the full-wave simulation and equivalent circuit model has been achieved and verified the effectiveness of the proposed circuit model.
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| 23. |
- Schut, J, et al.
(författare)
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Glass transition temperature prediction of polymers through the mass-per-flexible-bond principle
- 2007
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Ingår i: Polymer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-3861 .- 1873-2291. ; 48:20, s. 6115-6124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A semi-empirical method based on the mass-per-flexible-bond (M/f) principle was used to quantitatively explain the large range of glass transition temperatures (T-g) observed in a library of 132 L-tyrosine derived homo, co- and terpolymers containing different functional groups. Polymer class specific behavior was observed in T-g vs. M/f plots, and explained in terms of different densities, steric hindrances and intermolecular interactions of chemically distinct polymers. The method was found to be useful in the prediction of polymer T-g. The predictive accuracy was found to range from 6.4 to 3.7 K, depending on polymer class. This level of accuracy compares favorably with (more complicated) methods used in the literature. The proposed method can also be used for structure prediction of polymers to match a target T-g value, by keeping the thermal behavior of a terpolymer constant while independently choosing its chemistry. Both applications of the method are likely to have broad applications in polymer and (bio)material science.
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| 24. |
- Sibley, C. G., et al.
(författare)
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Your sexism predicts my sexism : Perceptions of men's (but not women's) sexism affects one's own sexism over time
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sex Roles. - : Springer. - 0360-0025 .- 1573-2762. ; 60:9-10, s. 682-693
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of perceived normative (societal) levels of benevolent (BS) and hostile sexism (HS) on one's own sexist attitudes were examined over a four-month period in an undergraduate New Zealand sample (76 women, 26 men). Perceptions of normative levels of men's BS produced longitudinal change in one's own BS, and this effect was invariant across gender. However, contrary to previous research suggesting that women endorse BS when men are high in HS for its protective benefits, women instead expressed subjectively positive paternalistic attitudes toward their gender to the extent that they perceived BS as normative in men. The transmission of patriarchical-defined ideologies is tempered by the degree to which such ideologies espouse benevolent versus more overtly hostile attitudes toward women.
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| 25. |
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