| 1. |
- Bilger, R, et al.
(författare)
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Two-pion production in proton-proton collisions near threshold at Celsius
- 1998
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Ingår i: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS. ; , s. 2987-2991
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-pion production reactions in proton-proton collisions near threshold are measured using an internal cluster-jet hydrogen target and the WASA/PROMICE detector at the CELSIUS storage ring. Four out of the five possible two-pion production reactions are
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| 5. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Incisal and occlusal tooth wear in children and adolescents in a Swedish population.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 54:4, s. 263-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The material consisted of 527 randomly selected children and adolescents from the community of Jönköping, Sweden, who in 1983 reached the age of 3, 5, 10, 15, or 20 years. The degree of incisal or occlusal tooth wear was evaluated for each single tooth in accordance with the following criteria: score 0 = no wear or negligible wear of enamel; score 1 = obvious wear of enamel or wear through the enamel to the dentin in single spots; score 2 = wear of the dentin up to one-third of the crown height; and score 3 = wear of the dentin more than one-third of the crown height. In the age groups 3 and 5 years the primary dentition was studied, and in the age groups 10, 15, and 20 years the permanent dentition. In the 3-year-old children 63% and in the 5-year-olds 19% had no or slight incisal or occlusal wear in the primary dentition. In the permanent dentition the corresponding figures for the 10-, 15-, and 20-year-olds were 78%, 51%, and 35%, respectively. The 5-year-olds had the highest percentage of primary teeth with incisal or occlusal wear related to existing teeth in accordance with criteria 1-3 (32.2%), and the 10-year-olds had the lowest score for permanent teeth (2.5%). There were small or no differences in tooth wear between the sexes in these age groups. Eighteen children (17%) among the 5-year-olds had one or more teeth with wear scored 2 in the primary dentition, and one individual had 4 primary teeth scored 3. The corresponding figures for the 3-, 10-, 15-, and 20 year-olds were 2%, 1%, 7% and 6%, respectively. No permanent teeth with wear scored 3 were found in these age groups. The number of teeth with incisal or occlusal wear increased with age both in the primary and in the permanent dentition.
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| 11. |
- Zlomanczuk, J, et al.
(författare)
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Near-threshold pion production in pN collisions at CELSIUS
- 1998
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Ingår i: ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B. - : ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B, JAGELLONIAN UNIV, INST PHYSICS. ; , s. 3141-3148
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pp --> pp pi(o) and pn --> pp pi(-) reactions have been measured at 310, 320 and 340 MeV using the CELSIUS proton beam and H-1 and H-2 internal cluster-jet targets. The pi(o) production at 310 MeV has been fully analyzed and a significant deviation fr
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Håkan S
(författare)
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Towards the Rational Design of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Molecular imprinting is a technique by which polymeric materials selective for a given target molecule can be created through a casting procedure. Functionalised monomers are added to a solution of molecular templates. Monomer-template complexes are formed and subsequently fixed through polymerisation, and following removal of the template species from the resultant molecularly imprinted polymer, MIP, a material containing binding sites able to specifically rebind the template is left. The objective of the present work has been to learn more about the mechanisms leading to the formation of selective binding sites in MIPs and the nature of these sites (1-3), with the goal to utilise this knowledge to develop better MIPs (4-7). 1) UV spectroscopic studies of the pre-polymerisation mixture were utilised to estimate the stabilities of monomer-template complexes under different conditions. It was observed that many templates are not fully complexed by monomers, possibly leading to different binding site populations. Such heterogeneity is indeed observed in MIPs. The method developed was found useful for rapid evaluation of different monomers or conditions for a given template. 2) Chromatographic studies were performed on polymers imprinted with various pyridyl templates. It was demonstrated that electrostatic interactions were those mainly responsible for binding in these systems. It was also demonstrated that free rotors in the template structure affected binding and selectivity negatively, and that the accessibilities of functional groups were essential for the utility of the template for molecular imprinting. 3) Load capacity studies of nicotine and 4,4´-bipyridyl MIPs revealed two different behaviours. The retention of 4,4´-bipyridyl decreased upon raising the sample load, but nicotine exhibited an increase. Two possible explanations to this unexpected effect were suggested: mobile phase related nicotine solvation effects or a type of cooperative binding. A maximum in resolution for the separation of (+/-)-nicotine at different sample loads indicated the presence of recognition sites for template-template complexes, implying the possible imprinting of template-template complexes. 4) A chiral tartaric acid based monomer was synthesised and employed for the imprinting of cinchona alkaloids. The chirality of the monomer was shown able to enhance selectivity for certain templates. Post-polymerisation debenzylation of the MIP enhanced both retention and selectivity due to a change from hydrogen bond interactions to ionic interactions. 5) Crown ethers were employed as co-templates in molecular imprinting to demonstrate a principle by which organic solvent non-solubles can be solubilised, and imprinted, in organic media. Rebinding studies in the absence of crown ether revealed imprinting related selectivity. 6) Imprinting in water was achieved through the introduction of a hydrophilic cross-linker, a highly acidic monomer, and a beta-cyclodextrin based monomer, able to interact by hydrophobic interactions with aromatic ring structures. By this approach, the enantiomers of phenylalanine were successfully imprinted. 7) A series of monomer combinations were evaluated to optimise the polymer system described in (6). Binding site hydrophobicities were examined by fluorescence spectroscopy. This thesis demonstrates that there is significant room for improving the performance of MIPs and points to some ways by which this can be achieved.
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| 14. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : II. Review of clinical and radiographic findings
- 1995
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 243-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological study was to analyse various clinical and radiographic data on oral health and compare the results to those of two cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973 and 1983. In 1973, 1983, and 1993 a random sample of 1000, 1104, and 1078 individuals, respectively were studied. The individuals were evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. In 1983 and 1993 80-year-olds were also included. All subjects were inhabitants of the community of Jönköping, Sweden. The clinical and radiographic examination assessed edentulousness, removable dentures, implants, number of teeth, caries, restorations and overhangs, oral hygiene, calculus, periodontal status, endodontic treatment, and periapical status. The number of edentulous individuals was reduced by half from 1973 to 1993 and is now 8% in the age groups 40-70 years. The mean number of teeth has increased and up to the age of 50 years the individuals had more or less complete dentitions. During the 20-year period there was generally decreasing number of carious lesions and restorations. In the 15- and 20-year-olds, however, there was an increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in 1993 compared to 1983. Furthermore, after the age of 50 there was an increase in number of restored tooth surfaces. As regards secondary caries there was an increase for the 10- and 15-year-olds between 1983 and 1993. For all other age groups there were only minor differences. Generally restorations exhibited a high quality and 85-90% had no proximal overhangs. In 1973 this figure was about 60%. Concerning the frequency of tooth surfaces exhibiting plaque and gingival inflammation there was a considerable decrease from 1973 to 1983, but during the period from 1983 to 1993 there seems to be no improvement. In some age groups there was even a significant increase in plaque (15-year-olds) and gingivitis (3-, 5-, 15-, 20-, and 60-year-olds). The frequency of individuals with one or more periodontal pockets (> 4 mm) increased with age. In 1993 the bone level at the age of 40 years corresponded to the bone level at the age of 20 years in 1973. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth was lower in 1993 in all age groups than in 1973 and 1983. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth with periapical or juxtaradicular destructions was unchanged in all three studies. The comparison of the three studies from 1973, 1983, and 1993 shows that there has been a great improvement in oral health over this 20-year period. In 1993, however, the increasing number of decayed/filled tooth surfaces in the 15- and 20-year-olds and an increase in plaque and gingivitis in some younger age groups calls for special attention.
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| 15. |
- Hugoson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jönköping, Sweden in 1973, 1983, and 1993 : I. Review of findings on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health
- 1995
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 19:6, s. 225-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to compare data on dental care habits and knowledge of oral health in three cross-sectional studies carried out in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The 1973 study constituted a random sample of 1000 individuals evenly distributed in the age groups 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years. The same age groups with addition of a group of 80-year-olds were included in the 1983 and 1993 studies which comprised 1104 and 1078 individuals, respectively. A questionnaire (23-101 questions) about dental care habits and knowledge of oral health was used in connection with a clinical and radiographic examination. The same questions were used in all the three studies. An addition to the 1993 investigation was questions concerning ethnographic background. In 1993 approximately 95% of all individuals were visiting the dentist on a regular basis every or every second year. The 30-year-olds, however, did not visit a dentist as regularly in 1993 as in 1983. The 70- and 80-year-olds visited a dentist more regularly in 1993 than in 1983. An increased number of adults in all age groups, except for the 70-year-olds, received their dental care in the Public Dental Service in 1993 compared to 1983 and 1973. Most 40-year-olds and older, however, received their dental care by private practitioners. About 80% of all adults in 1993 were enrolled in a recall system on the dentist's initiative while in 1973 most appointments were based on the patient's own initiative. The number of individuals who felt discomfort at the prospect of an appointment with the dentist was more or less the same in 1973, 1983, and 1993. The knowledge of the etiology of dental diseases has not changed much between 1973 and 1993. The frequency of toothbrushing has increased since 1973 and in 1993 more than 95% of all individuals brushed their teeth daily. The use of dental floss and toothpicks as well as disclosing tablets decreased in 1993 compared to 1983. Almost all individuals in 1993 used fluoride toothpaste. The use of topical fluorides and fluoride tablets in children had decreased considerably in 1993 compared to 1983.
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| 16. |
- Koch, Bo L., et al.
(författare)
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Inhalation of substance P and thiorphan : acute toxicity and effects on respiration in conscious guinea pigs.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Toxicology. - 0260-437X .- 1099-1263. ; 19:1, s. 19-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Substance P is a tachykinin and a biologically active neuropeptide. The peptide produces salivation, neuronal excitation, vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability and contraction of smooth muscles in the respiratory tract. The study was designed to evaluate the acute effects in guinea pigs of inhaled aerosolized Substance P (SP). Apart from the acute toxic effect of the peptide, the distribution in different organs was also investigated. The acute inhalation toxicity of SP (LC50, 15 min) when co-administrated with the neutral endopeptidase inhibitor thiorphan was 368 microg m(-3). The peptide caused an increase in respiratory rate proceeding a decrease in tidal volume. As the exposure proceeded, a decrease in both respiratory rate and further decreases in tidal volume were observed until either the animal died or the exposure was terminated. The decreases in respiratory rate and tidal volume were probably due to bronchoconstriction caused by SP. Eighteen per cent of the inhaled amount of radioactive SP was retained in the body, and the highest concentrations of radioactivity were found in the kidney, lung and liver. Substance P in combination with thiorphan administered as an aerosol is extremely toxic and highly potent. Exposure to the substance at extremely low air concentrations may result in incapacitation in humans.
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| 17. |
- Nuber, Ulrike, et al.
(författare)
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The widespread human desmocollin Dsc2 and tissue-specific patterns of synthesis of various desmocollin subtypes
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cell Biology. - 0171-9335. ; 66:1, s. 69-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By comparison of the cDNA-derived amino acid sequences and the cell type-specific patterns of synthesis we have identified desmocollin Dsc2 as the most widespread, perhaps ubiquitous desmocollin subtype. Using Northern blot analyses and ribonuclease protection assays we have found an approximately 5.6 kb mRNA encoding Dsc2 in all the diverse human tissues, tumors and cell lines examined that are known to possess desmosomes, i.e. not only epithelial cells but also myocardiac cells and lymph nodes. By contrast, desmocollin subtypes Dsc1 and Dsc3 have been detected only in certain stratified squamous epithelia, with the most conspicuous restriction of Dsc1 to epidermis and--remarkably, but unexplained--lymph nodes, and in certain carcinomas and cell lines derived therefrom. We have also determined that both Dsc2 mRNA splice forms, the one encoding the larger polypeptide a and the one coding for the shorter Dsc2b, occur in all the diverse tissues and cell lines examined. We also show that certain cells such as the epidermal keratinocyte line HaCaT and the vulvar carcinoma-derived line A-431 continually synthesize more than one Dsc subtype. The cell type-specific patterns of synthesis of the various Dsg and Dsc subtypes are discussed in relation to tissue development during embryogenesis and to malignant transformations, and the utilization of reagents for the specific Dsg and Dsc subtypes in tumor diagnosis is proposed.
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