| 1. |
- Sturm, Ulrike, et al.
(författare)
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Defining principles for mobile apps and platforms development in citizen science
- 2017
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Ingår i: Research Ideas and Outcomes. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 2367-7163. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mobile apps and web-based platforms are increasingly used in citizen science projects. While extensive research has been done in multiple areas of studies, from Human-Computer Interaction to public engagement in science, we are not aware of a collection of recommendations specific for citizen science that provides support and advice for planning, design and data management of mobile apps and platforms that will assist learning from best practice and successful implementations. In two workshops, citizen science practitioners with experience in mobile application and web-platform development and implementation came together to analyse, discuss and define recommendations for the initiators of technology based citizen science projects. Many of the recommendations produced during the two workshops are applicable to non-mobile citizen science project. Therefore, we propose to closely connect the results presented here with ECSA’s Ten Principles of Citizen Science.
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| 2. |
- Björkvall, Ander, et al.
(författare)
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Slutrapport Anslagstavlan - Forskarfredags massexperiment 2016 : VA-RAPPORT 2017:1
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vad används anslagstavlor till nuförtiden? Detta vet vi mycket lite om, framför allt för att det är så svårt att samla in informationen. För att kunna forska om anslagstavlor tog vi därför hjälp av 46 skolklasser i ForskarFredags massexperiment. Med en mobil- app samlade eleverna in text och fotografier från anslagstavlor i hela landet! Efter att ha gallrat bort bilder som var alltför suddiga eller inte var tagna på rätt sätt hade vi sammanlagt 1 340 bilder som gick att använda i vår forskning. De flesta anslagen har satts upp av föreningar. Därefter kommer företag. På tredje plats kommer privatpersoner. Endast en liten andel av de insamlade anslagen (6 procent) innehåller text som skrivits för hand med penna, resten är gjorda med dator. Mer än en tredjedel av anslagen är inbjudningar (37 procent). Det kan till exempel handla om konserter, möten, föredrag och firanden. Lika vanligt är det med köp- och säljannonser av varor och tjänster. Bland de insamlade anslagen finns fem cykelan- nonser. Alla dessa är korthuggna och opersonliga. Bostadsannonserna, däremot, är mer personliga och detaljrika. Anslag som handlar om lärande och utbildning gäller ofta lokala platser. Lärandet äger alltså rum i närområdet snarare än på ställen dit deltagaren måste resa långt, gå ut på internet eller till och med flytta för att kunna delta. Trots att det finns väldigt många människor med utländsk bakgrund i Sverige är näs tan alla anslag på svenska. Bara knappt 5 procent har skrivits helt eller delvis på andra språk. Men vi kan ändå se att engelska har en viktig roll i texter i vår omgivning.
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| 3. |
- Fleischer, Rasmus, et al.
(författare)
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The Political Significance of Spotify in Sweden – Analysing the #backaspotify Campaign using Twitter Data
- 2018
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Ingår i: Culture Unbound. Journal of Current Cultural Research. - : Linkoping University Electronic Press. - 2000-1525. ; 10:2, s. 1-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the political significance of the streaming music company Spotify in Sweden, taking as a case a coordinated campaign in late spring 2016, known by the hashtag #backaspotify (translated as “support Spotify!”), which was mainly played out on the social media platform Twitter. The campaign is analysed using a set of data retrieved from Twitter, examining both the content and the interactions in 1,791 messages. Results show that the main political issue concerned the lack of access to rented apartments in central Stockholm, and that the main actors in the campaign were predominantly associated with public affairs consultants and the youth wings of political parties belonging to the centre-right. The campaign, however, was very short-lived and had diminished significantly already after two days. We conclude that Spotify transcends its role as a streaming music company, and additionally can be used as a point of reference in political campaigns to promote issues that are of wider scope than the music industry alone.
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| 4. |
- Fleischer, Rasmus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The Political Significance of Spotify in Sweden – Analysing the #backaspotify Campaign using Twitter Data
- 2018
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Ingår i: Culture Unbound. - : Linkoping University Electronic Press. - 2000-1525. ; 18:2, s. 301-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the political significance of the streaming music company Spotify in Sweden, taking as a case a coordinated campaign in late spring 2016, known by the hashtag #backaspotify (translated as “support Spotify!”), which was mainly played out on the social media platform Twitter. The campaign is analysed using a set of data retrieved from Twitter, examining both the content and the interactions in 1,791 messages. Results show that the main political issue concerned the lack of access to rented apartments in central Stockholm, and that the main actors in the campaign were predominantly associated with public affairs consultants and the youth wings of political parties belonging to the centre-right. The campaign, however, was very short-lived and had diminished significantly already after two days. We conclude that Spotify transcends its role as a streaming music company, and additionally can be used as a point of reference in political campaigns to promote issues that are of wider scope than the music industry alone.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hallberg, Margareta, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Happiness Studies: The Co-production of Social Science and Social Order
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Science and Technology Studies. - : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1894-4647. ; 7:1, s. 42-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is about the growth and establishment of the interdisciplinary research field ”Happiness Studies”. This article focuses on how research on happiness has become a quickly growing and successful field within western societies and what it says about both the social sciences and contemporary social order. The concept of co-production, as defined by Sheila Jasanoff, is used to show how science and society interact and influence each other. Hence, we show how happiness has become a significant topic for empirical studies and the way interdisciplinary research is intertwined with what is perceived as both challenging and worth striving for in society and culture.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Citizen Humanities: Configuring Interpretation and Perception for Participation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Citizen Science – Innovation in Open Science, Society and Policy 19–21 May 2016, Berlin. ; , s. 26-27
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The history of volunteer participation in scientific work usually starts with ornithology in the late 19th century. Since then this practice has spread to many disciplines in the sciences. The success of such projects has to a large extent been a question of data quality and design of participatory protocols, which puts the contributor on par with the scientist as an observer of the natural world. The ability of the protocol to produce valid data, while also being inclusive enough to mobilize the volunteer contributors in large numbers, is still a challenge to citizen science (CS) projects. To enable the perceptual qualities of the contributor in mass observations, the cognitive thresholds have been kept low, thus making CS as inclusive as possible. However, with few exceptions, the humanities have not managed to facilitate broad public participation the same way as the sciences have. Nevertheless several citizen humanities (CH) projects have been launched lately on platforms such as Zooniverse, Scholars’ Lab and Micropast. As the humanities are generally associated with interpretation – a hard-earned ability acquired only through specialized studies (Bildung) – data is often perceived as inaccessible without training. Implied in hermeneutic ideals of knowledge, context is viewed as a prerequisite for informed interpretation. In this paper we are comparing how the design of participatory protocols in CS and CH are constructed, with special attention to where and how in the research process “citizen humanists” are put to work. Our empirical analysis consists of analyses of the online environments generated by a number of contemporary citizen humanities projects.
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| 9. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Embedding Citizen Science in Research: Forms of engagement, scientific output and values for science, policy and society
- 2017
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Ingår i: SocArXiv.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper addresses emerging forms of Citizen Science (Citizen Science), and discusses their value for science, policy and society. It clarifies how the term Citizen Science is used and identifies different forms of Citizen Science. This is important, since with blurred distinctions there is a risk of both overrating and underestimating the value of Citizen Science and of misinterpreting what makes a significant contribution to scientific endeavour. The paper identifies three main forms of citizen science 1) Citizen Science as a research method, aiming for scientific output, 2) Citizen Science as public engagement, aiming to establish legitimacy for science and science policy in society, and, 3) Citizen Science as civic mobilization, aiming for legal or political influence in relation to specific issues. In terms of scientific output, the first form of Citizen Science exceeds the others in terms of scientific peer-reviewed articles. These projects build on strict protocols and rules for participation and rely on mass inclusion to secure the quality of contributions. Volunteers are invited to pursue very delimited tasks, defined by the scientists. The value of the three distinct forms of Citizen Science –for science, for policy and for society, is discussed to situate Citizen Science in relation to current policy initiatives in Europe and in the US. In quantitative terms the US, and particularly the NSF have so far taken a lead in allocating research funding to Citizen Science projects (primarily of the first form), however, the White House has recently issued a memorandum addressing societal and scientific challenges through citizen science covering all three forms discussed in this paper. As Citizen Science is currently being launched as a way to change the very landscape of science, important gaps in research are identified and policy recommendations are provided, in order for policy makers to be able to assess and anticipate the value of different forms of Citizen Science with regard to future research policy.
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| 10. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Epistemic cultures in citizen science and humanities: Distribution, epistemic subjects, programs and anti-programs
- 2018
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Ingår i: Meetings: Making, science, technology and society together. EASST2018, 25-28 July, Lancaster University. - Lancaster, UK : Lancaster University.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inclusion in epistemic cultures in citizen science and humanities projects are conditional, often relying on minimizing the realization of volunteers as epistemic subjects as a necessity for mass mobilization and distribution of tasks. However, such cultural processes are outside the control of owners of projects. Projects aiming for scientific output (peer-reviewed publications) must have an instance in the research process were citizens are constructed as on par with researchers to assure data quality. These instances are often situated in the participatory protocols (programs) harnessing some kind of ability of the crowd, which make their participation and contributions valid for research. At the same time, projects also uphold boundaries between citizens and researchers. Intuitively, this might not be necessary as researchers by their professional training have acquired abilities beyond volunteer contributors. In practice, such boundaries are not so clear. The aim of this paper is to present preliminary results from when and how such boundaries are challenged as epistemic subjects come into being beyond what is expected by owners of projects. The purpose is to illuminate the relationship between the citizen as constructed as a contributor to research with specific, but static qualities (programs), and the development of contributors over time, as epistemic subjects realizing themselves through anti-programs. Data consists of interactions in the epistemic cultures of researchers and contributors on discussion forums on platforms for citizen science and humanities projects.
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| 11. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Joining Reference and Representation —Citizen Science as Resistance Practice
- 2015
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Ingår i: Society for Social Studies of Science 2015 Annual Meeting November 11-14 Denver, Colorado.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the past two decades there has been an increased interest in citizen science. Citizens contribute to science in observing, classifying and collecting data. Several largescale scientific projects have successfully enrolled citizens in the research process (see, galaxyzoo.org; ebird.org). But, citizens are also regarded as deliberative stakeholders in the space between science and society. By participating in the democratic process, this version of a citizen scientist is able to speak for the local community, which is affected by the scientific society. These two types of citizen science seem to be incommensurable. Observing, classifying and collecting scientific facts is usually regarded as a domain that needs to be isolated from any other in society. When science is influenced by politics it looses its objectivity. Similarly, deliberative politics is often thought of as the complete opposite of scientific reasoning. However, there is a third type of citizen science that manages to both become producers of scientific facts and of deliberative politics. Such citizen science projects can, in some cases, be seen as challenging science and producing modified forms of science. Two such examples are the Louisiana Bucket Brigade (labucketbrigade.org), and International Rivers (internationalrivers.org). The purpose of this open panel is to bring forward further examples, both current and historical. What are the consequences of using standardized scientific methods to pursue political goals? Does it imply the end of politics or the end of science? Or is it a form of engagement that contributes to informed politics and more (locally) relevant science? Using the notion of a “crossing” between a political mode of existence, which constantly seeks representation, and a scientific mode of existence that struggles to create reference to the world, this open panel elaborates on how this crossing is traversed, negotiated, denied and defended in citizen science as resistance.
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| 12. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Medborgarforskning och vetenskapens demokratisering : Rapport R3:2018
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport behandlar medborgarforskning som en central aspekt av diskussionerna om vetenskapens demokratisering. Rapporten ventilerar förväntningar, det allmänna förtroendet för vetenskap och de ökade krav på demokratisering av den vetenskapliga processen som hörs från politisk nivå i samband med sådana initiativ. De begynnande etiska diskussionerna kring medborgarforskning tas också upp.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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The many modes of citizen science: Editorial
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science & Technology Studies. - : Science and Technology Studies. - 2243-4690. ; 32:2, s. 2-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This special issue of Science and Technology Studies is concerned with the epistemological and ontological diversity of citizen science, and the sometimes contested attempts to define it, as an interesting and fruitful phenomenon to explore from vantage points or perspectives in STS. During the past two decades there has been an increasing interest in this phenomenon, and currently citizen science is being introduced as a way to change the very landscape and culture of science. However, in contrast to such general accounts, this special issue seeks to unpack citizen science, and instead approach it not as one, but as several different modes of social epistemologies. These diverse modes also instantiate a wide range of imagined epistemic agents; ‘the citizen’, ‘the volunteer’, ‘the participant’, ‘the crowd’, ‘the activist’, ‘the community’ et cetera - agents that in one way or another perform scientific research without being a professional scientist.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980
(författare)
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Citizen Science as Resistance: Crossing the Boundary Between Reference and Representation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Resistance Studies. - 2001-9947. ; 1:1, s. 50-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses citizen science as a resistance practice with regards to the contradictions that emerge when scientific methods are used for political struggles. Departing from how science and politics are constructed as a contrast, as recently put forth by philosopher Bruno Latour, the scientific method for creating reference and the political method for gaining representation are analysed as they are articulated in citizen science. This evokes further contradictions between local acts of resistance and the global aspirations of scientific methods, challenging both the particularity of micropolitics and the universality of science. Building on previous case studies of citizen science practices, a number of conclusions are drawn regarding the potentials and dangers emerging from a science that takes place in the peripheries of established institutions. The article concludes that citizen science can be a very successful resistance practice, as long as it is able to produce novel facts that still adhere to scientific methods and standards and remains connected to the established institutions of science.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980
(författare)
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Internetövervakning som metod
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ikaros. - 1796-1998. ; 2015:1, s. 9-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Welfare beyond GDP : 'Objective' and 'Subjective' Indicators in Sweden, 1968–2015
- 2017
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Ingår i: Valuation Studies. - 2001-5992. ; 5:1, s. 7-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses a series of negotiations on how to measure welfare and quality of life in Sweden beyond economic indicators. It departs from a 2015 Government Official Report that advanced a strong recommendation to measure only ‘objective indicators’ of quality of life, rather than relying on what is referred to as ‘subjective indicators’ such as life satisfaction and happiness. The assertion of strictly ‘objective’ indicators falls back on a sociological perspective developed in the 1970s, which conceived of welfare as being measurable as ‘levels of living’, a framework that came to be called ‘the Scandinavian model of welfare research’. However, in the mid-2000s, objective indicators were challenged scientifically by the emerging field of happiness studies, which also found political advocates in Sweden who argued that subjective indicators should become an integral part of measuring welfare. This tension between ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ measurements resulted in a controversy between several actors about what should count as a valuable measurement of welfare. As a consequence, we argue that the creation of such value meters is closely intertwined with how welfare is defined, and by what measures welfare should be carried through.
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| 20. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980
(författare)
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Open data - buzz word or virtual opportunities?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Swedish LifeWatch – a national e-infrastructure for biodiversity data. Summary report 2010–2016. - : ArtDatabanken SLU. - 9789187853173
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overarching mission of Swedish LifeWatch (SLW) is to make all Swedish biodiversity data openly available in standardised formats through interoperable web services, and to develop tools and virtual laboratories for advanced biodiversity and ecosystem analysis. SLW currently provides some 67 million Swedish species observation records relating to 35,000 different species from 15 primary databases. All data can be accessed, visualised and analysed in the SLW Analysis Portal. Datasets of interest can be assembled using sophisticated filtering tools (selecting taxonomically, spatially, temporally, or by accuracy, traits, Red List status and other attributes) and combined with environmental and climatic data from a wide range of providers. Results can be analysed and downloaded as refined data or maps, tables, diagrams and reports. In 2010, the Swedish Research Council (VR) commissioned the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) to lead the design of an infrastructure for biodiversity and ecosystem research. An agreement was signed on 1 June 2011 between SLU, the University of Gothenburg, Lund University, Umeå University, the Swedish Museum of Natural History and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) concerning formation of the Swedish LifeWatch consortium, led by a managing director at the Swedish Species Information Centre (ArtDatabanken, SLU) and an external and impartial Board. Thus the consortium has been operational for 6.5 years up to now. The build-up has entailed a fantastic journey where we sometimes have had to invent new solutions. Even though the concept LifeWatch was established on the ESFRI roadmap already in 2006, and extensive and ambitious preparatory work took place over Europe the following years, Sweden was in reality the first country to implement a biodiversity informatics infrastructure of this kind. And we have received much appreciation and acknowledgment for what we have achieved. When looking back at the 2009 application to VR, I can conclude with great satisfaction that not only have we been able to implement almost everything we planned back then, but we have delivered even more. Now I look forward with excitement and great enthusiasm to ongoing progress in a world of digital techniques evolving extremely rapidly and generation of huge amounts of biodiversity data of different types. This will give scientists undreamed-of opportunities to explore major questions and support society by providing well-informed recommendations on how to handle our vulnerable environment and restricted natural resources in a changing world. Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all the talented and enthusiastic people who have worked with the consortium and made it so successful: the Board, consortium partners and all their personnel, IT developers, researchers and other users, administrative staff at SLW and administrators at VR. I would also like to extend my thanks to everyone who has contributed to the compilation and production of this report. Ulf Gärdenfors, Managing Director Swedish LifeWatch
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980
(författare)
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Tankesprång som kopplar ihop världen
- 2015
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Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :2015-09-04
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Genom valda nedslag i över 10 000 år av mänsklighetens historia ville filosofen Gilles Deleuze och psykiatern Félix Guattari visa hur olika historiska episoder är kopplade till varandra. Nu finns det lika svårtolkade som inflytelserika verket ”Tusen platåer” på svenska.
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| 23. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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The happiness turn? : Mapping the emergence of "happiness studies" using cited references
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 103:2, s. 615-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyzes "happiness studies" as an emerging field of inquiry throughout various scientific disciplines and research areas. Utilizing four operationalized search terms in the Web of Science; "happiness", "subjective well-being", "life satisfaction" and "positive affect", a dataset was created for empirical citation analysis. Combined with qualitative interpretations of the publications, our results show how happiness studies has developed over time, in what journals the citing papers have been published, and which authors and researchers are the most productive within this set. We also trace various trends in happiness studies, such as the social indicators movement, the introduction of positive psychology and various medical and clinical applications of happiness studies. We conclude that "happiness studies" has emerged in many different disciplinary contexts and progressively been integrated and standardized. Moreover, beginning at the turn of the millennium, happiness studies has even begun to shape an autonomous field of inquiry, in which happiness becomes a key research problem for itself. Thus, rather than speaking of a distinct "happiness turn", our study shows that there have been many heterogeneous turns to happiness, departing in a number of different disciplines.
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| 24. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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What are analog bulletin boards used for today? Analysing media uses, intermediality and technology affordances in Swedish bulletin board messages using a citizen science approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analog bulletin boards are omnipresent in Swedish urban areas, yet little systematic knowledge about this communication medium exists. In the shadow of the rapid emergence of digital media the analog bulletin board has received less attention than its digital successors, many of them having incorporated similar functionality with novel technical solutions. In this study we used a citizen science method to collect 1167 messages from bulletin boards around Sweden aided by school children and teachers, with the purpose of shedding new light on what is communicated on the boards, by whom, using what types of technologies and in what way the messages refer to other media. Results show that the most common messages are invitations to events, such as concerts, lectures and sports events, followed by buy-and-sell ads for goods and services. The most frequent sender is an association, for example NGOs, sports associations or religious communities. Almost half of the sampled messages were professionally printed, about forty per cent were made by home printers. Only six per cent of the messages were handwritten, almost exclusively by private persons as senders. Moreover, we show how the analog bulletin board has adapted to recent changes in media technology—a media landscape which is saturated with electronic- and mobile media. Further, the bulletin board still holds a firm place in a media ecology where local communication is in demand, and exists in parallel with electronic media. Close to forty percent of the messages contained hyperlinks to web pages and we found (and removed for anonymization purposes) more than six hundred phone numbers from the dataset.
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| 25. |
- Kullenberg, Christopher, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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What Is Citizen Science? – A Scientometric Meta-Analysis
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context The concept of citizen science (CS) is currently referred to by many actors inside and outside science and research. Several descriptions of this purportedly new approach of science are often heard in connection with large datasets and the possibilities of mobilizing crowds outside science to assists with observations and classifications. However, other accounts refer to CS as a way of democratizing science, aiding concerned communities in creating data to influence policy and as a way of promoting political decision processes involving environment and health. Objective In this study we analyse two datasets (N = 1935, N = 633) retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) with the aim of giving a scientometric description of what the concept of CS entails. We account for its development over time, and what strands of research that has adopted CS and give an assessment of what scientific output has been achieved in CS-related projects. To attain this, scientometric methods have been combined with qualitative approaches to render more precise search terms. Results Results indicate that there are three main focal points of CS. The largest is composed of research on biology, conservation and ecology, and utilizes CS mainly as a methodology of collecting and classifying data. A second strand of research has emerged through geographic information research, where citizens participate in the collection of geographic data. Thirdly, there is a line of research relating to the social sciences and epidemiology, which studies and facilitates public participation in relation to environmental issues and health. In terms of scientific output, the largest body of articles are to be found in biology and conservation research. In absolute numbers, the amount of publications generated by CS is low (N = 1935), but over the past decade a new and very productive line of CS based on digital platforms has emerged for the collection and classification of data.
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