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- Creamer, Lawrence K, et al.
(författare)
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Heat-Induced Redistribution of Disulfide Bonds in Milk Proteins. 1. Bovine beta-Lactoglobulin
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 52:25, s. 7660-7668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in the structure and chemistry of -lactoglobulin (-LG) play an important role in the processing and functionality of milk products. In model -LG systems, there is evidence that the aggregates of heated -LG are held together by a mixture of intermolecular non-covalent association and heat-induced non-native disulfide bonds. Although a number of non-native disulfide bonds have been identified, little is known about the initial inter- and intramolecular disulfide bond rearrangements that occur as a result of heating. These interchange reactions were explored by examining the products of heat treatment to determine the novel disulfide bonds that form in the heated -LG aggregates. The native protein and heat-induced aggregates were hydrolyzed by trypsin, and the resulting peptides, before and after reduction with dithiothreitol, were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography and their identities confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Comparisons of these peptide patterns showed that some of the Cys160 was in the reduced form in heated -LG aggregates, indicating that the Cys160-Cys66 disulfide bond had been broken during heating. This finding suggests that disulfide bond interchange reactions between -LG non-native monomers, or polymers, and other proteins could occur largely via Cys160.
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| 3. |
- Jenkins, David J A, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Diabetes care. - 0149-5992. ; 25:9, s. 1522-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Cohort studies indicate that cereal fiber reduces the risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, we assessed the effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and CHD risk factors in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 23 subjects with type 2 diabetes (16 men and 7 postmenopausal women) completed two 3-month phases of a randomized crossover study. In the test phase, bread and breakfast cereals were provided as products high in cereal fiber (19 g/day additional cereal fiber). In the control phase, supplements were low in fiber (4 g/day additional cereal fiber). RESULTS: Between the test and control treatments, no differences were seen in body weight, fasting blood glucose, HbA(1c), serum lipids, apolipoproteins, blood pressure, serum uric acid, clotting factors, homocysteine, C-reactive protein, magnesium, calcium, iron, or ferritin. LDL oxidation in the test phase was higher than that seen in the control phase (12.1 +/- 5.4%, P < 0.034). Of the subjects originally recruited, more dropped out of the study for health and food preference reasons from the control phase (16 subjects) than the test phase (11 subjects). CONCLUSIONS: High-fiber cereal foods did not improve conventional markers of glycemic control or risk factors for CHD in type 2 diabetes over 3 months. Possibly longer studies are required to demonstrate the benefits of cereal fiber. Alternatively, cereal fiber in the diet may be a marker for another component of whole grains that imparts health advantages or a healthy lifestyle.
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- Lee, T W R, et al.
(författare)
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Precursor of human adenovirus core polypeptide Mu targets the nucleolus and modulates the expression of E2 proteins
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 85:Pt 1, s. 185-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have examined the subcellular localization properties of human adenovirus 2 (HAdV-2) preMu and mature Mu (pX) proteins as fusions with enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP). We determined that preMu is exclusively a nucleolar protein with a single nucleolar accumulation signal within the Mu sequence. In addition, we noted that both preMu-EGFP and Mu-EGFP are excluded from adenovirus DNA-binding protein (DBP)-rich replication centres in adenovirus-infected cells. Surprisingly, we observed that cells in which preMu-EGFP (but not Mu-EGFP) is transiently expressed prior to or shortly after infection with Ad2 did not express late adenovirus genes. Further investigation suggested this might be due to a failure to express pre-terminal protein (preTP) from the E2 region, despite expression of another E2 protein, DBP. Deletion mutagenesis identified a highly conserved region in the C terminus of preMu responsible for these observations. Thus our data suggest that preMu may play a role in modulating accumulation of proteins from the E2 region.
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