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- Levi, L
(författare)
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Coping with disaster
- 2007
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL. - 1341-2051. ; 14:3, s. 167-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Lundquist, J., et al.
(författare)
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The PAMELA Calorimeter Identification Capabilities
- 2005
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference, vol 3:OG1. ; , s. 305-308
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter has been designed, built and successfully integrated in the PAMELA satellite-bome apparatus. The main physics task of the experiment is the measurement of the flux of antiprotons, positrons and light nuclei in the cosmic radiation. The purpose of the calorimeter is to separate antiprotons and positrons from the vast background of cosmic-ray electrons and protons, respectively. In this work we present the identification capabilities of the calorimeter obtained using both Monte Carlo and test beam data. We show that the calorimeter can provide a proton rejection factor of about 105 while keeping a similar to 90% efficiency in selecting electrons and positrons. The PAMELA calorimeter is therefore able to provide the identification power needed to reach the primary scientific objectives of PAMELA.
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| 5. |
- Morran, Levi T, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual partners for the stressed : facultative outcrossing in the self-fertilizing nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evolution. - : Wiley. - 0014-3820 .- 1558-5646. ; 63:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sexual reproduction shuffles genetic variation, potentially enhancing the evolutionary response to environmental change. Many asexual organisms respond to stress by generating facultative sexual reproduction, presumably as a means of escaping the trap of low genetic diversity. Self-fertilizing organisms are subject to similar genetic limitations: the consistent loss of genetic diversity within lineages restricts the production of variation through recombination. Selfing organisms may therefore benefit from a similar shift in mating strategy during periods of stress. We determined the effects of environmental stress via starvation and passage through the stress-resistant dauer stage on mating system dynamics of Caenorhabditis elegans, which reproduces predominantly through self-fertilization but is capable of outcrossing in the presence of males. Starvation elevated male frequencies in a strain-specific manner through differential male survival during dauer exposure and increased outcrossing rates after dauer exposure. In the most responsive strain, the mating system changed from predominantly selfing to almost exclusively outcrossing. Like facultative sex in asexual organisms, facultative outcrossing in C. elegans may periodically facilitate adaptation under stress. Such a shift in reproductive strategy should have a major impact on evolutionary change within these populations and may be a previously unrecognized feature of other highly selfing organisms.
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| 6. |
- Osteråker, A-L, et al.
(författare)
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Indicators of psychological distress in postacute spinal cord injured individuals.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Spinal Cord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393 .- 1476-5624. ; 43:4, s. 223-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Consecutive inclusion of spinal cord injured patients admitted for postacute rehabilitation from June 2000 to January 2002.OBJECTIVE: Assessment of prevalence of indicators of psychological distress in the subacute and early chronic stages after acute-onset spinal cord injury (SCI).SETTING: A Swedish rehabilitation center.METHODS: In all, 36 patients participated. Psychological assessment was obtained at admission, discharge and 6 months follow-up by psychological measures based on the DSM-IV (ie Beck's Depression Inventory, SPIFA, SCID-screen, AUDIT) and clinical interview. Ongoing psychotropic medication was noted.RESULTS: Clinical depression was infrequent. However, ongoing psychotropic medication was common, possibly indicating a relatively high incidence of underlying depressive and anxiety disorders. In all, 25% of the sample showed indicators of high alcohol consumption. Few patients had a previously diagnosed personality disorder. By contrast, there was frequent occurrence of personality traits outside normal ranges.CONCLUSION: Medication of psychological problems commonly occurs after SCI, especially for depression and anxiety. There are indications of alcohol overconsumption in a substantial minority of SCI patients. The study raises the question of whether suppression of psychological symptoms by drug therapy is the optimal treatment of such problems in a rehabilitation process.
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- Visser, Pieter Jelle, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and prognostic value of CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in patients with subjective cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment in the DESCRIPA study: a prospective cohort study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Lancet neurology. - : The Lancet Publishing Group. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 8:7, s. 619-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is common in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) without dementia, but the prevalence of AD pathology in patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI) is unknown. AD is characterised by decreased CSF concentrations of Abeta(42) and increased concentrations of tau. We investigated the prevalence of a CSF AD profile in patients with SCI, naMCI, or aMCI and the association of this profile with cognitive outcome in each group. METHODS: Patients with SCI, naMCI, aMCI, and neurologically healthy controls were recruited from 20 memory clinics across Europe, between January, 2003, and June, 2005, into this prospective cohort study. A CSF AD profile was defined as an abnormal ratio of Abeta(42):tau. Patients were assessed annually up to 3 years. Outcome measures were changes in memory, overall cognition, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, daily function, and progression to AD-type dementia. FINDINGS: The CSF AD profile was more common in patients with SCI (31 of 60 [52%]), naMCI (25 of 37 [68%]), and aMCI (56 of 71 [79%]) than in healthy controls (28 of 89 [31%]). The profile was associated with cognitive decline in patients with naMCI (memory, MMSE, and daily function) and in patients with aMCI (MMSE and daily function). In patients with aMCI, a CSF AD profile was predictive of AD-type dementia (OR 26.8, 95% CI 1.6-456.4). INTERPRETATION: AD is a common cause of SCI, naMCI, and aMCI and is associated with cognitive decline in patients with naMCI or aMCI. Patients with SCI might be in the early stages of AD, and cognitive decline might become apparent only after longer follow-up. FUNDING: European Commission; Ana Aslan International Foundation.
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