| 1. |
- Alleso, Morten, et al.
(författare)
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Near-infrared spectroscopy for cocrystal screening : a comparative study with Raman spectroscopy
- 2008
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 80:20, s. 7755-7764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a well-established technique for solid-state analysis, providing fast, noninvasive measurements. The use of NIR spectroscopy for polymorph screening and the associated advantages have recently been demonstrated. The objective of this work was to evaluate the analytical potential of NIR spectroscopy for cocrystal screening using Raman spectroscopy as a comparative method. Indomethacin was used as the parent molecule, while saccharin and L-aspartic acid were chosen as guest molecules. Molar ratios of 1:1 for each system were subjected to two types of preparative methods. In the case of saccharin, liquid-assisted cogrinding as well as cocrystallization from solution resulted in a stable 1:1 cocrystalline phase termed IND-SAC cocrystal. For L-aspartic acid, the solution-based method resulted in a polymorphic transition of indomethacin into the metastable a form retained in a physical mixture with the guest molecule, while liquid-assisted cogrinding did not induce any changes in the crystal lattice. The good chemical peak selectivity of Raman spectroscopy allowed a straightforward interpretation of sample data by analyzing peak positions and comparing to those of pure references. In addition, Raman spectroscopy provided additional information on the crystal structure of the IND-SAC cocrystal. The broad spectral line shapes of NIR spectra make visual interpretation of the spectra difficult, and consequently, multivariate modeling by principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. Successful use of NIR/PCA was possible only through the inclusion of a set of reference mixtures of parent and guest molecules representing possible solid-state outcomes from the cocrystal screening. The practical hurdle related to the need for reference mixtures seems to restrict the applicability of NIR spectroscopy in cocrystal screening.
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| 2. |
- Avent, Neil D., et al.
(författare)
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The Bloodgen Project of the European Union, 2003-2009
- 2009
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Ingår i: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-3818 .- 1660-3796. ; 36:3, s. 162-167
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Bloodgen project was funded by the European Commission between 2003 and 2006, and involved academic blood centres, universities, and Progenika Biopharma S. A., a commercial supplier of genotyping platforms that incorporate glass arrays. The project has led to the development of a commercially available product, BLOODchip, that can be used to comprehensively genotype an individual for all clinically significant blood groups. The intention of making this system available is that blood services and perhaps even hospital blood banks would be able to obtain extended information concerning the blood group of routine blood donors and vulnerable patient groups. This may be of significant use in the current management of multi-transfused patients who become alloimmunised due to incomplete matching of blood groups. In the future it can be envisaged that better matching of donor-patient blood could be achieved by comprehensive genotyping of every blood donor, especially regular ones. This situation could even be extended to genotyping every individual at birth, which may prove to have significant long-term health economic benefits as it may be coupled with detection of inborn errors of metabolism.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Beamforming and bit-loading strategies for multi-user SDMA with admission control
- 2005
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Ingår i: IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, PIMRC. ; , s. 842-846
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we address the problem of transmit beamforming, power allocation, bit loading, and admission control in a multi-user scenario, where several single antenna mobile terminals are served by one base station equipped with an antenna array. In particular, we explore the impact of using either optimal or zero-forcing transmit beamforming schemes in combination with different bit allocation strategies, namely the Maximization of the Sum Rate (MSR), the Maximization of the Minimum Rate (MMR) and a modified version of the latter, for a finite set of modulation schemes. The performance evaluation is conducted by means of system-level simulations, using a realistic channel model for urban micro cells, with an emphasis not only on the aggregated cell throughput but also on the associated fairness issues.
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