| 1. |
- Kurita, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Recent Development Status of PoGOLite
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Astrophysics with All-Sky X-Ray Observations. ; , s. 386-
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 2. |
- Kiss, Mózsi, et al.
(författare)
-
The PoGOLite balloon-borne soft gamma-ray polarimeter
- 2008
-
Ingår i: COOL DISCS, HOT FLOWS. - : AIP. ; , s. 225-232
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Linearly polarized radiation in the hard X-ray/soft gamma-ray band is expected from a large variety of astronomical sources. We discuss the importance of polarimetric studies for several classes of sources - pulsars, accreting black holes. magnetic neutron stars and jets from active galaxies - and then describe PoGOLite, a balloon-borne instrument which is currently under construction and will be able to measure the polarization of electromagnetic radiation from such extra-solar objects in the energy range 25-80 keV.
|
|
| 3. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
|
|
| 4. |
- Crandall, H, et al.
(författare)
-
Bb2Bb3 regulation of murine Lyme arthritis is distinct from Ncf1 and independent of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
- 2005
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - 1525-2191. ; 167:3, s. 775-785
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several quantitative trait loci regulating murine Lyme arthritis severity have been mapped, including a highly significant linkage found on chromosome 5, termed Bb2Bb3. Within this region, the Ncf1 gene of the phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase has recently been identified as a major regulator of arthritis severity in rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis, an effect attributed to protective properties of reactive oxygen species. To assess the role of Ncf1 in Lyme arthritis, we introgressed Bb2Bb3 from severely arthritic C3H/He mice onto mildly arthritic C57BL/6 mice. This increased Lyme arthritis severity, whereas the reciprocal transfer conferred protection from disease. A single nucleotide polymorphism was identified in the Ncf1 gene that did not influence the protein sequence or expression of Ncf1. Although polymorphonuclear leukocytes from C57BL/6 mice generated a greater oxidative burst than polymorphonuclear leukocytes from C3H/He mice, studies with the Bb2Bb3 congenic mice demonstrated this difference was not linked to Ncf1 alleles. Furthermore, Lyme arthritis severity was not altered in mice lacking either the Ncf1 or Gp91phox subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex. Together, these results argue that Ncf1 is not a candidate gene for regulation of Lyme arthritis and reveal Lyme arthritis to be independent of NADPH oxidase activity, distinguishing it from other models of rheumatoid arthritis.
|
|
| 5. |
- Minier, V., et al.
(författare)
-
Evidence of triggered star formation in G327.3-0.6. Dust-continuum mapping of an infrared dark cloud with P-ArTéMiS
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 501, s. L1-L4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Expanding HII regions and propagating shocks are common in the environment of young high-mass star-forming complexes. They can compress a pre-existing molecular cloud and trigger the formation of dense cores. We investigate whether these phenomena can explain the formation of high-mass protostars within an infrared dark cloud located at the position of G327.3-0.6 in the Galactic plane, in between two large infrared bubbles and two HII regions. Methods: The region of G327.3-0.6 was imaged at 450 μ m with the CEA P-ArTéMiS bolometer array on the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment telescope in Chile. APEX/LABOCA and APEX-2A, and Spitzer/IRAC and MIPS archives data were used in this study. Results: Ten massive cores were detected in the P-ArTéMiS image, embedded within the infrared dark cloud seen in absorption at both 8 and 24 μm. Their luminosities and masses indicate that they form high-mass stars. The kinematical study of the region suggests that the infrared bubbles expand toward the infrared dark cloud. Conclusions: Under the influence of expanding bubbles, star formation occurs in the infrared dark areas at the border of HII regions and infrared bubbles.
|
|
| 6. |
- Winnberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
CO in OH/IR stars close to the Galactic centre
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 497, s. 177-181
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: A pilot project has been carried out to measure circumstellar CO emission from three OH/IR stars close to the Galactic centre. The intention was to find out whether it would be possible to conduct a large-scale survey for mass-loss rates using, for example, the Atacama large millimeter array (ALMA). Such a survey would increase our understanding of the evolution of the Galactic bulge. Methods: Two millimetre-wave instruments were used: the Nobeyama Millimeter Array at 115 GHz and the Submillimeter Array at 230 GHz. An interferometer is necessary as a “spatial filter” in this region of space because of the confusion with interstellar CO emission. Results: Towards two of the stars, CO emission was detected with positions and radial velocities coinciding within the statistical errors with the corresponding data of the associated OH sources. However, for one of the stars the line profile is not what one expects for an unresolved expanding circumstellar envelope. We believe that this CO envelope is partially resolved and that this star therefore is a foreground star not belonging to the bulge. Conclusions: The results of the observations have shown that it is possible to detect line profiles of circumstellar CO from late-type stars both within and in the direction of the Galactic bulge. ALMA will be able to detect CO emission in short integrations with sensitivity sufficient to estimate mass-loss rates from a large number of such stars.
|
|
| 7. |
- Adiels, Martin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Acute suppression of VLDL(1) secretion rate by insulin is associated with hepatic fat content and insulin resistance
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 50:11, s. 2356-2365
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Overproduction of VLDL(1) seems to be the central pathophysiological feature of the dyslipidaemia associated with type 2 diabetes. We explored the relationship between liver fat and suppression of VLDL(1) production by insulin in participants with a broad range of liver fat content. METHODS: A multicompartmental model was used to determine the kinetic parameters of apolipoprotein B and TG in VLDL(1) and VLDL(2) after a bolus of [(2)H(3)]leucine and [(2)H(5)]glycerol during a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp in 20 male participants: eight with type 2 diabetes and 12 control volunteers. The participants were divided into two groups with low or high liver fat. All participants with diabetes were in the high liver-fat group. RESULTS: The results showed a rapid drop in VLDL(1)-apolipoprotein B and -triacylglycerol secretion in participants with low liver fat during the insulin infusion. In contrast, participants with high liver fat showed no significant change in VLDL(1) secretion. The VLDL(1) suppression following insulin infusion correlated with the suppression of NEFA, and the ability of insulin to suppress the plasma NEFA was impaired in participants with high liver fat. A novel finding was an inverse response between VLDL(1) and VLDL(2) secretion in participants with low liver fat: VLDL(1) secretion decreased acutely after insulin infusion whereas VLDL(2) secretion increased. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Insulin downregulates VLDL(1) secretion and increases VLDL(2) secretion in participants with low liver fat but fails to suppress VLDL(1) secretion in participants with high liver fat, resulting in overproduction of VLDL(1). Thus, liver fat is associated with lack of VLDL(1) suppression in response to insulin.
|
|
| 8. |
- Adiels, Martin, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Overproduction of large VLDL particles is driven by increased liver fat content in man
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 49:4, s. 755-65
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We determined whether hepatic fat content and plasma adiponectin concentration regulate VLDL(1) production. METHODS: A multicompartment model was used to simultaneously determine the kinetic parameters of triglycerides (TGs) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in VLDL(1) and VLDL(2) after a bolus of [(2)H(3)]leucine and [(2)H(5)]glycerol in ten men with type 2 diabetes and in 18 non-diabetic men. Liver fat content was determined by proton spectroscopy and intra-abdominal fat content by MRI. RESULTS: Univariate regression analysis showed that liver fat content, intra-abdominal fat volume, plasma glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) correlated with VLDL(1) TG and ApoB production. However, only liver fat and plasma glucose were significant in multiple regression models, emphasising the critical role of substrate fluxes and lipid availability in the liver as the driving force for overproduction of VLDL(1) in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Despite negative correlations with fasting TG levels, liver fat content, and VLDL(1) TG and ApoB pool sizes, adiponectin was not linked to VLDL(1) TG or ApoB production and thus was not a predictor of VLDL(1) production. However, adiponectin correlated negatively with the removal rates of VLDL(1) TG and ApoB. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: We propose that the metabolic effect of insulin resistance, partly mediated by depressed plasma adiponectin levels, increases fatty acid flux from adipose tissue to the liver and induces the accumulation of fat in the liver. Elevated plasma glucose can further increase hepatic fat content through multiple pathways, resulting in overproduction of VLDL(1) particles and leading to the characteristic dyslipidaemia associated with type 2 diabetes.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Becanovic, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Advanced intercross line mapping of Eae5 reveals Ncf-1 and CLDN4 as candidate genes for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 176:10, s. 6055-6064
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eae5 in rats was originally identified in two F-2 intercrosses, (DA x BN) and (E3 X DA), displaying linkage to CNS inflammation and disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), respectively. This region overlaps with an arthritis locus, Pia4, which was also identified in the (E3 X DA) cross. Two congenic strains, BN.DA-Eae5 and BN.DA-Eae5.R1, encompassing the previously described Eae5 and Pia4, were established. DA alleles within the chromosome 12 fragment conferred an increase in disease susceptibility as well as increased inflammation and demyelination in the CNS as compared with BN alleles. To enable a more precise fine mapping of EAE regulatory genes, we used a rat advanced intercross line between the EAE-susceptible DA strain and the EAE-resistant PVG.1AV1 strain. Linkage analysis performed in the advanced intercross line considerably narrowed down the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-EAE regulatory locus (Eae5) to a similar to 1.3-megabase region with a defined number of candidate genes. In this study we demonstrate a regulatory effect of Eae5 on MOG-EAE by using both congenic strains as well as fine mapping these effects to a region containing Ncf-1, a gene associated with arthritis. In addition to structural polymorphisms in Ncf-1, both sequence polymorphisms and expression differences were identified in CLDN4. CLDN4 is a tight junction protein involved in blood-brain barrier integrity. In conclusion, our data strongly suggests Ncf-1 to be a gene shared between two organ-specific inflammatory diseases with a possible contribution by CLDN4 in encephalomyelitis.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Chioza, B., et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of CACNA1H in European patients with childhood absence epilepsy
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Epilepsy Res. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-1211. ; 69:2, s. 177-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CACNA1H was evaluated in a resource of Caucasian European patients with childhood absence epilepsy by linkage analysis and typing of sequence variants previously identified in Chinese patients. Linkage analysis of 44 pedigrees provided no evidence for a locus in the CACNA1H region and none of the Chinese variants were found in 220 unrelated patients.
|
|
| 17. |
- Drake, James Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Reversed-Field Pinch Contributions to Resistive Wall Mode Physics and Control
- 2008
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimal feedback control of resistive-wall modes (RWM) is of common interest for toroidal fusionconcepts that use conducting walls for stabilization of ideal MHD modes. From the RWM control point of view,the RFP situation is in many respects similar to the advanced tokamak situation in the presence of very lowplasma rotation, where the most effective stabilizing mechanism is the feedback action of a set of active coils.Results from EXTRAP T2R (Sweden) and RFX-mod (Italy) RFP experiments have shown that full feedbackcontrol of multiple RWMs is possible and their deleterious effects can be completely suppressed. However it isnow important to optimize the RWM control systems both for the RFP and tokamak configuration for futureimplementation. Important aspects of optimization are effective mode identification and tracking capability,avoidance of the harmful effects of sideband modes (aliasing) in the control spectrum, minimized powerrequirements and robust controller stability. The paper describes collaborative work carried out on the two RFPexperiments. Controller models based on the mode harmonic control concept and on a state-space multipleinputmultiple-output intelligent shell concept are studied. Progress in development of optimal control schemesare presented both through experimental studies and simulations.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Elfving, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Maternal enterovirus infection during pregnancy as a risk factor in Offspring Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes between 15 and 30 years of age
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Experimental Diabetes Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5214 .- 1687-5303. ; , s. 271958-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maternal enterovirus infections during pregnancy may increase the risk of offspring developing type 1 diabetes during childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gestational enterovirus infections increase the offspring's risk of type 1 diabetes later in life. Serum samples from 30 mothers without diabetes whose offspring developed type 1 diabetes between 15 and 25 years of age were analyzed for enterovirus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies and enterovirus genome (RNA), and compared to a control group. Among the index mothers, 9/30 (30%) were enterovirus IgM-positive, and none was positive for enterovirus RNA. In the control group, 14/90 (16%) were enterovirus IgM-positive, and 4/90 (4%) were positive for enterovirus RNA (n.s.). Boys of enterovirus IgM-positive mothers had approximately 5 times greater risk of developing diabetes (OR 4.63; 95% CI 1.22-17.6), as compared to boys of IgM-negative mothers (P < .025). These results suggest that gestational enterovirus infections may be related to the risk of offspring developing type 1 diabetes in adolescence and young adulthood.
|
|
| 20. |
- Everett, K. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Linkage and association analysis of CACNG3 in childhood absence epilepsy
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Eur J Hum Genet. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 15:4, s. 463-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is an idiopathic generalised epilepsy characterised by absence seizures manifested by transitory loss of awareness with 2.5-4 Hz spike-wave complexes on ictal EEG. A genetic component to aetiology is established but the mechanism of inheritance and the genes involved are not fully defined. Available evidence suggests that genes encoding brain expressed voltage-gated calcium channels, including CACNG3 on chromosome 16p12-p13.1, may represent susceptibility loci for CAE. The aim of this work was to further evaluate CACNG3 as a susceptibility locus by linkage and association analysis. Assuming locus heterogeneity, a significant HLOD score (HLOD = 3.54, alpha = 0.62) was obtained for markers encompassing CACNG3 in 65 nuclear families with a proband with CAE. The maximum non-parametric linkage score was 2.87 (P < 0.002). Re-sequencing of the coding exons in 59 patients did not identify any putative causal variants. A linkage disequilibrium (LD) map of CACNG3 was constructed using 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Transmission disequilibrium was sought using individual SNPs and SNP-based haplotypes with the pedigree disequilibrium test in 217 CAE trios and the 65 nuclear pedigrees. Evidence for transmission disequilibrium (P < or = 0.01) was found for SNPs within a approximately 35 kb region of high LD encompassing the 5'UTR, exon 1 and part of intron 1 of CACNG3. Re-sequencing of this interval was undertaken in 24 affected individuals. Seventy-two variants were identified: 45 upstream; two 5'UTR; and 25 intronic SNPs. No coding sequence variants were identified, although four variants are predicted to affect exonic splicing. This evidence supports CACNG3 as a susceptibility locus in a subset of CAE patients.
|
|
| 21. |
- Fertleman, C. R., et al.
(författare)
-
Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (previously familial rectal pain syndrome)
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Neurology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 69:6, s. 586-595
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical phenotype of paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (previously called familial rectal pain syndrome), an autosomal dominant condition recently shown to be a sodium channelopathy involving SCN9A. METHODS: An international consortium of clinicians, scientists, and affected families was formed. Clinical details of all accessible families worldwide were collected, including age at onset, features of attacks, problems between attacks, investigational results, treatments tried, and evolution over time. A validated pain questionnaire was completed by 14 affected individuals. RESULTS: Seventy-seven individuals from 15 families were identified. The onset of the disorder is in the neonatal period or infancy and persists throughout life. Autonomic manifestations predominate initially, with skin flushing in all and harlequin color change and tonic attacks in most. Dramatic syncopes with bradycardia and sometimes asystole are common. Later, the disorder is characterized by attacks of excruciating deep burning pain often in the rectal, ocular, or jaw areas, but also diffuse. Attacks are triggered by factors such as defecation, cold wind, eating, and emotion. Carbamazepine is effective in almost all who try it, but the response is often incomplete. CONCLUSIONS: Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is a highly distinctive sodium channelopathy with incompletely carbamazepine-sensitive bouts of pain and sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. It is most likely to be misdiagnosed as epilepsy and, particularly in infancy, as hyperekplexia and reflex anoxic seizures.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Hjalmarson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
-
Recent astronomy highlights from the Odin satellite
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Advances in Space Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0273-1177 .- 1879-1948. ; 36, s. 1031-1047
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Astronomy highlights, mainly from the third year of Odin observations time shared 50/50% with aeronomy are presented: the very low O2 abundance limits achieved, the highly pressure broadened absorption lines of H2O, H218O, and CO (5 → 4) in the atmosphere of Mars, the high precision H2O and H218O observations of comets, the detections of NH3 and H2O around the C-rich star IRC+10216 (CW Leo) and of H2O around the O-rich star W Hya, NH3 and H2O observations of infall/outflow interactions, observations of H2O, H218O, H217O as well as NH3 and 15NH3 in multiple absorptions towards Sgr B2, and in emission towards Orion KL, the H2O detection of several new outflows in the DR21 W75S region. We also discuss the results of deconvolution of high S/N H2O, CO and 13CO (5 → 4) maps of the Orion KL region to 40″ resolution (the beam size of the Herschel telescope) and the first results from our ongoing “spectral scan” of Orion KL in bands around 555 and 570 GHz. Finally, a search for primordial molecules is presented.
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
