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| 2. |
- Persson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the adsorption of o-phthalate on boehmite (γ-AlOOH), aged γ-Al2O3, and goethite (α-FeOOH)
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797 .- 1095-7103. ; 206:1, s. 252-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work is concerned with the adsorption of o-phthalate (1,2-benzenedicarboxylate) at the water-metal (hydr)oxide interface. Previously published infrared spectroscopic, potentiometric, and adsorption data characterizing the boehmite (gamma-AlOOH) system are compared with new data collected for o-phthalate adsorption on aged gamma-Al2O3 and goethite (alpha-FeOOH). The study focuses on identifying bonding mechanisms, stoichiometries, and stabilities of the formed complexes, and comparing these among the three systems. Furthermore, the effects of ionic strength and composition of the ionic medium are investigated. The infrared spectroscopic data provided direct, molecular-level evidence for the existence of two dominating surface complexes on all three solids. One was shown to be a deprotonated outer-sphere species and the other was an inner-sphere surface complex. The inner-sphere complexes on the three solids were structurally related, and they were tentatively assigned to a mononuclear, chelating structure involving both carboxylate groups. The outer-sphere complexes were shown to increase in relative importance at high pH and low ionic strengths, while low pH and high ionic strengths favored the inner-sphere complexes. The information gained from the infrared spectroscopic investigations was used as qualitative input in the formulation of the surface complexation models. New models, based on the extended constant capacitance approach, were presented for the o-phthalate/aged gamma-Al2O3 and o-phthalate/goethite systems.
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| 9. |
- Danielsson, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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A controlled randomized trial of budesonide versus prednisolone retention enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis
- 1987
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 22:8, s. 987-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-four patients with active distal ulcerative colitis participated in a multicentre, randomized, investigator-blind trial to compare the effect of budesonide enema, 2 mg/100 ml, with prednisolone disodium phosphate enema, 31.25 mg/100 ml. Budesonide is a new potent corticosteroid with a rapid first-pass elimination. The patients were treated for 4 weeks, and the efficacy of the drugs were evaluated by sigmoidoscopy, histology, and subjective symptoms after 2 and 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of treatment 16 of 31 patients (52%) receiving budesonide enema had healed endoscopically, compared with 8 of 33 (24%) (p = 0.045) receiving prednisolone enema. Budesonide was superior to prednisolone in terms of both significantly improved sigmoidoscopic and histologic scores and subjective symptoms evaluated by visual analogue scales. The patients receiving prednisolone had a significant depression of endogenous cortisol levels during the treatment period, but not the patients receiving budesonide. Budesonide enema seems to be a promising therapy for active distal ulcerative colitis and causes no adverse reactions
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| 10. |
- Dunkels, Andrejs, et al.
(författare)
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Creative Teaching by Mistakes
- 1980
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Ingår i: The Two-Year College Mathematics Journal. - : JSTOR. - 0049-4925. ; 11:5, s. 296-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
- Flam, Harry, et al.
(författare)
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Optimal Subsidies to Declining Industries : Efficiency and Equity Considerations
- 1982
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper consider equity vs. efficiency in a small economy that subsidizes an industry facing falling world market prices. Subsidies keep up output in the short run when wages and factors are rigid. But once introduced subsidies become permanent, because of pressures from vested interests. This creates misallocation of resources in the long run. An optimal efficiency subsidy balances the short-run gains and long-run losses. It should be raised when prices fall if there is full employment initially and lowered if there is unemployment. An optimal distribution subsidy, which aims at maintaining the sxisting income distribution, should always be raised.
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| 13. |
- Gard, G, et al.
(författare)
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Stress and qualification of computer work
- 1989
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Ingår i: Work with display units 89: Selected papers from the second international conference of work with display units (Eds. L Berlinguet, D Berthelette.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 16. |
- Höglund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Försök med decentraliserad online-sökning i litteratur-databaser
- 1982
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för dokumentation. - : Svensk förening för informationsspecialister. - 0040-6872. ; 38:4, s. 89-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DECENTRALIZED MODELS FOR ONLINE LITERATURE RETRIEVAL — A FIELD EXPERIMENT — Online literature retrieval is offered to the academic users via a highly centralized model. In order to test the possibilities to decentralize online services a field experiment was carried out at six university departments. A few persons at each department were introduced to the basic management of literature retrieval and the supply of databases available to them. The interest for using the service was very high and most users were satisfied with the searches. However, many users had problems in making adequate formulations of their search questions. These difficulties were shown to be dependent on the amount of experience from literature retrieval and use of secondary sources as well as the level of education. In general the field experiment was successful both in terms of user saticfaction and the willingness to establish online service at the department level.
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| 17. |
- Höglund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Information och kunskap : informationsförsörjning - forskning och policyfrågor
- 1985
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under århundraden har det mänskliga vetandet dokumenterats och samlats. Idag sker det i större omfattning än någonsin och sysselsätter allt fler. Forskningsresultat, dagsaktuella uppgifter, analyser och översikter pro-duceras som aldrig förr. Fortfarande är denna information i hög grad en allmän resurs. Den är i princip tillgänglig för de flesta. Den är relativt billig — ofta gratis. Den kan återanvändas och delas av många utan att förstöras.
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| 18. |
- Höglund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Kommunikation inom vetenskap och teknik
- 1980
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information och kommunikation är fundamentalt i forsknings- och utvecklingsverksamhet ungefär på samma sätt som energi och materia ar förutsättningar för en materiell produktionsprocess. Enkelt uttryckt är forskningens uppgift att producera kunskap med utgångspunkt i tidigare kunskan. Denna rapport handlar om problem, möjligheter, förutsättningar och praxis när det gäller att tillvarata tidigare oroducerat vetande i forsknings- och utvecklingsarbete, FLU.
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| 19. |
- Höglund, Lars, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Kommunikation inom vetenskap och teknik
- 1980
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The rapid growth of Science and Technology has made the use of scientific information a problem of international concern. To keep abreast of current research the scientist and engineer can use a multitude of information sources. In this study the problem of information use is analysed and a theoretical framework is developed and applied in several case-studies of formal and informal communication. The case-studies include surveys among scientists, engineers and social scientists in different R&D-settings. Information about research is looked upon as a fundamental resource for R&D activities. It is demonstrated that information use and communication behavior are related to research productivity. However the use of both written and oral information sources is limited by barriers related to the individual user, his position in the social structure of the research community and organisation as well as the availability of information resources. In order to improve the use of knowledge it is necessary to integrate the information and documentation functions with the planning and conduct of research. In this context user education and marketing of information resources are important prerequisites. Information search and library use in higher education are analysed and discussed in relation to pedagogical methods and the maintainance of professional competence. Special attention is also given to computerized reference retrieval services and their evaluation.
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| 20. |
- Höglund, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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På giganternas axlar
- 1988
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I jägarsamhället var kunskap om var villebråden fanns viktig. Sådan kunskap kunde man få genom att studera djurens beteende, var de äter, var de dricker och hur de rör sig. Idag har vi andra informationsbehov - fler och mer varierade. Samhället är mer komplicerat och vetandet inom teknik, naturvetenskap och mycket annat mer omfattande. Vår omvärld har växt och vi berörs påtagligt av vad som händer inte bara i närmiljön utan även globalt.
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| 22. |
- Kotlikoff, Laurence J., et al.
(författare)
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Social Contracts as Assets : A Possible Solution to the Time-Consistency Problem
- 1987
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a new solution to the time-consistency problem that appears capable of enforcing ex ante policy in a variety of settings in which other enforcement mechanisms do not work. The solution involves formulating a social contract, institution, or agreement that specifies the optimal ex ante policy. The social contract is effectively sold by succesive old generations to successive young generations, who pay for the social contract through the payment of taxes. Both old and young generations have an economic incentive to fulfill the social contract. For the old generation, breaking the social contract makes the social contract valueless, and the generation suffers a capital loss by not being able to sell it. For the young generation the economic advantage of purchasing the existing social contract exceeds its price as well as the economic gain from setting up the a new social contract.
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| 24. |
- Maligranda, Lech, et al.
(författare)
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Generalized duality of some Banach function spaces
- 1989
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Ingår i: Indagationes mathematicae (Proceedings). - 1385-7258. ; 92:3, s. 323-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The set of multipliers from one vector space to another vector space may be seen as a generalized dual space in the sense of Köthe. We give some properties of this kind of duality and prove precise estimates concerning generalized duality of XP-spaces, Lebesgue, Lorentz, Marcinkiewicz and Orlicz spaces. We complement and unify several previous results of this kind.
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