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Exposure to common ...
Exposure to common infections may shape basal immunity and potentially HIV-1 acquisition amongst a high-risk population in Coastal Kenya
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- Fwambah, Lynn (författare)
- Pwani University
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Andisi, Cheryl (författare)
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- Streatfield, Claire (författare)
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI)
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- Bromell, Rachel (författare)
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI)
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- Hare, Jonathan (författare)
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI)
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- Esbjörnsson, Joakim (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Systemvirologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Systems Virology,Lund University Research Groups,University of Oxford
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- Ndung’u, Thumbi (författare)
- Africa Health Research Institute,Harvard University,University College London,University of KwaZulu-Natal
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- Sanders, Eduard J. (författare)
- University of Oxford
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- Hassan, Amin S (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Systemvirologi,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Systems Virology,Lund University Research Groups,Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)
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- Nduati, Eunice (författare)
- Pwani University
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2023
- 2023
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - 1664-3224. ; 14
- Relaterad länk:
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http://dx.doi.org/10... (free)
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https://lup.lub.lu.s...
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https://doi.org/10.3...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
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- Introduction: The impact of exposure to endemic infections on basal immunity and susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition remains uncertain. We hypothesized that exposure to infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), malaria and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in high-risk individuals may modulate immunity and subsequently increase susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition. Methods: A case-control study nested in an HIV-1 negative high-risk cohort from Coastal Kenya was used. Cases were defined as volunteers who tested HIV-1 positive during follow-up and had a plasma sample collected 3 ± 2 months prior to the estimated date of HIV-1 infection. Controls were individuals who remained HIV-1 negative during the follow-up and were matched 2:1 to cases by sex, age, risk group and follow-up time. STI screening was performed using microscopic and serologic tests. HIV-1 pre-infection plasma samples were used to determined exposure to CMV and malaria using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and to quantify forty-one cytokines and soluble factors using multiplexing assays. Multiplexing data were analyzed using principal component analysis. Associations between cytokines and soluble factors with subsequent HIV-1 acquisition were determined using conditional logistic regression models. Results and discussion: Overall, samples from 47 cases and 94 controls were analyzed. While exposure to malaria (p=0.675) and CMV (p=0.470) were not associated with HIV-1 acquisition, exposure to STIs was (48% [95% CI, 33.3 – 63] vs. 26% [95% CI, 17.3 – 35.9]. Ten analytes were significantly altered in cases compared to controls and were clustered into four principal components: PC1 (VEGF, MIP-1β, VEGF-C and IL-4), PC2 (MCP-1, IL-2 and IL-12p70), PC3 (VEGF-D) and PC4 (Eotaxin-3). PC1, which is suggestive of a Th2-modulatory pathway, was significantly associated with HIV-1 acquisition after controlling for STIs (adjusted odds ratio, (95% CI), p-value: 1.51 [1.14 – 2.00], p=0.004). Elevation of Th2-associated pathways may dampen responses involved in viral immunity, leading to enhanced susceptibility to HIV-1 acquisition. Immunomodulatory interventions aimed at inhibiting activation of Th2-associated pathways may be an additional strategy to STI control for HIV-1 prevention and may reduce dampening of immune responses to vaccination.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Infektionsmedicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Infectious Medicine (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- chemokines
- cytokines
- exposure
- HIV acquisition
- infections
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- art (ämneskategori)
- ref (ämneskategori)
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Fwambah, Lynn
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Andisi, Cheryl
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Streatfield, Cla ...
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Bromell, Rachel
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Hare, Jonathan
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Esbjörnsson, Joa ...
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visa fler...
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Ndung’u, Thumbi
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Sanders, Eduard ...
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Hassan, Amin S
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Nduati, Eunice
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visa färre...
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