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- Hammerlid, E, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective multicentre study in Sweden and Norway of mental distress and psychiatric morbidity in head and neck cancer patients
- 1999
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 80:5-6, s. 766-774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Swedish/Norwegian head and neck cancer study was designed to assess prospectively the levels of mental distress and psychiatric morbidity in a heterogeneous sample of newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients. A total of 357 patients were included. The mean age was 63 years, and 72% were males. The patients were asked to answer the HAD scale (the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) six times during 1 year. The number of possible or probable cases of anxiety or depression disorder was calculated according to standardized cut-offs. Approximately one-third of the patients scored as a possible or probable case of a major mood disorder at each measurement point during the study year. There were new cases of anxiety or depression at each time point. The anxiety level was highest at diagnosis, while depression was most common during treatment. Females were more anxious than males at diagnosis, and patients under 65 years of age scored higher than those over 65. Patients with lower performance status and more advanced disease reported higher levels of mental distress and more often scored as a probable or possible cases of psychiatric disorder. Our psychometric analyses supported the two-dimensional structure and stability of the HAD scale. The HAD scale seems to be the method of choice for getting valid information about the probability of mood disorder in head and neck cancer populations. The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity found in this study emphasizes the importance of improved diagnosis and treatment.
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- Behne, Dawn M., et al.
(författare)
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Perceived Swedish Vowel Quantity : Effects of Postvocalic Consonant Duration
- 1998
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Ingår i: 5th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP 1998. - : International Speech Communication Association.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the production of Swedish, vowel quantity is known to be realized in the vowel, but also affects duration of a postvocalic consonant. The goal of this study is to examine the use of postvocalic consonant duration as a perceptual cue to vowel quantity. Listeners' responses and reaction times were recorded for synthesized materials in which the vowel spectra and duration were kept constant and the postvocalic consonant duration was adjusted. Results show no indication that listeners actively used the duration of a postvocalic consonant to identify vowel quantity. These findings suggest that adjustments in postvocalic consonant duration in Swedish productions may be temporal artifacts of the preceding vowel quantity rather than reflecting linguistically relevant information.
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| 8. |
- Sullivan, Josephine, et al.
(författare)
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Object Localisation by Bayesian Correlation
- 1999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maximisation of cross-correlation is a commonly used principle for intensity-based object localization that gives a single estimate of location. However, to facilitate sequential inference (eg over time or scale) and to allow the representation of ambiguity, it is desirable to represent an entire probability distribution for object location. Although the cross-correlation itself (or some function of it) has sometimes been treated as a probability distribution, this is not generally justifiable. Bayesian correlation achieves a consistent probabilistic treatment by combining several developments. The first is the interpretation of correlation matching functions in probabilistic terms, as observation likelihoods. Second, probability distributions of filter-bank responses are learned from training examples. Inescapably, response-learning also demands statistical modelling of background intensities, and there are links here with image coding and Independent Component Analysis. Lastly, multi-scale processing is achieved, in a Bayesian context, by means of a new algorithm, "layered sampling", for which asymptotic properties are derived.
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