| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Clarke, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Lowering blood homocysteine with folic acid based supplements : Meta-analysis of randomised trials
- 1998
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Ingår i: British Medical Journal. - : BMJ. - 0959-8146. ; 316:7135, s. 894-898
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine the size of reduction in homocysteine concentrations produced by dietary supplementation with folic acid and with vitamins B-12 or B-6. Design: Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials that assessed the effects of folic acid based supplements on blood homocysteine concentration. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the effects on homocysteine concentrations of different doses of folic acid and of the addition of vitamin B-12 or B-6. Subjects: Individual data on 1114 people included in 12 trials. Findings: The proportional and absolute reductions in blood homocysteine produced by folic acid supplements were greater at higher pretreatment blood homocysteine concentrations (P < 0.001) and at lower pretreatment blood folate concentrations (P < 0.001). After standardisation to pretreatment blood concentrations of homocysteine of 12 μmol/l and of folate of 12 nmol/l (approximate average concentrations for Western populations), dietary folic acid reduced blood homocysteine concentrations by 25% (95% confidence interval 23% to 28%; P < 0.001), with similar effects in the range of 0.5-5 mg folic acid daily. Vitamin B-12 (mean 0.5 mg daily) produced an additional 7% (3% to 10%) reduction in blood homocysteine. Vitamin B-6 (mean 16.5 mg daily) did not have a significant additional effect. Conclusions: Typically in Western populations, daily supplementation with both 0.5-5 mg folic acid and about 0.5 mg vitamin B-12 would be expected to reduce blood homocysteine concentrations by about a quarter to a third (for example, from about 12 μmol/l to 8-9 μmol/l). Large scale randomised trials of such regimens in high risk populations are now needed to determine whether lowering blood homocysteine concentrations reduces the risk of vascular disease.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Thomas, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron Momentum Distributions from Core Break-up Reactions of Halo Nuclei
- 1995
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Ingår i: Europhysics Letters. - 0295-5075 .- 1286-4854. ; 30:1, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutron angular distributions from violent break-up reactions of Li-11 and Be-11 have been measured at 28 MeV/u and 280 MeV/u and at 41 MeV/u and 460 MeV/u, respectively. The derived neutron momentum distributions show a narrow component in transverse momentum that is within uncertainties independent of beam energy and target charge. This component is suggested to be simply related to the momentum distribution of the loosely bound halo neutron(s) in the projectiles.
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| 6. |
- Humbert, F., et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal and Transverse-Momentum Distributions of Li-9 Fragments from Break-up of Li-11
- 1995
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 347:3-4, s. 198-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transverse and longitudinal momentum distributions of Li-9 fragments from Li-11 break-up reactions in C, Al and Pb targets have been measured at 280 MeV/u. The two-neutron removal cross-section was measured to be sigma(-2n), = 0.26 +/- 0.02 b for the carbon target, sigma(-2n) = 0.47 +/- 0.08 b for the aluminum target and sigma(-2n), = 1.9 +/- 0.4 b for the lead target. No significant difference is observed between the narrow widths (FWHM approximate to 47 MeV/c) of the transverse and longitudinal momentum distributions of the Li-9 fragments. The physical implications of this are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Marques, F. M., et al.
(författare)
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Neutrons from the breakup of C-19
- 1996
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - 0370-2693. ; 381:4, s. 407-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrons arising from the breakup of a 30 MeV/nucleon C-19 beam on a tantalum target have been measured using the 98 element array DEMON. A narrow, forward peaked neutron angular distribution, with a corresponding momentum spread considerably smaller than those measured simultaneously for N-21, O-22 and F-24 was observed for charged fragments with Z
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Thomas, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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He-6 and neutron momentum distributions from He-8 in nuclear break-up reactions at 240 MeV/u
- 1996
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 598:3, s. 418-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutron and He-6 momentum distributions from He-8 break-up reactions in a C target have been measured at 240 MeV/u. The two-neutron removal cross section was found to be sigma(-2n) = 0.27 +/- 0.03 b. The nature of the momentum distributions is interpreted in some simple reaction scenarios.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Zinser, M., et al.
(författare)
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Invariant-mass spectroscopy of Li-10 and Li-11
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 619:1-2, s. 151-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Break-up of secondary Li-11 ion beams (280 MeV/nucleon) on C and Pb targets into Li-9 and neutrons is studied experimentally. Cross sections and neutron multiplicity distributions are obtained, characterizing different reaction mechanisms. Invariant-mass spectroscopy for Li-11 and Li-10 is performed. The E1 strength distribution, deduced from electromagnetic excitation of Li-11 up to an excitation energy of 4 MeV comprises similar to 8% of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn energy-weighted sumrule strength. Two low-lying resonance-like structures are observed for Li-10 at decay energies of 0.21(5) and 0.62(10) MeV, the former one carrying 26(10)% of the strength and likely to be associated with an s-wave neutron decay. A strong di-neutron correlation in Li-11 can be discarded. Calculations in a quasi-particle RPA approach are compared with the experimental results for Li-10 and Li-11. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
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| 11. |
- Borge, M. J. G., et al.
(författare)
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Elucidating halo structure by beta decay: beta gamma from the Li-11 decay
- 1997
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Ingår i: Physical Review C - Nuclear Physics. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 55:1, s. R8-R11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New values for the gamma ray intensities following the beta decay of Li-11 are presented. Special emphasis is put on the determination of the Gamow-Teller transition Li-11 --> Be-11 (1/2(-), 320 keV) to the only bound excited state in Be-11. We show that a shell-model calculation can simultaneously reproduce the half-life of Li-11 and the newly measured branching ratio to the 1/2(-) state provided the Li-11 ground state wave function contains about 50% of s-wave neutron components.
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| 12. |
- Borge, M. J. G., et al.
(författare)
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Probing the Li-11 halo structure through beta-decay into the Be-11(*) (18 MeV) state
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 613:3, s. 199-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An experimental study of beta-delayed charged particles (H, He, Be) from Li-11 shows a beta-feeding to an excited state at 18.15(15) MeV in Be-11 with a large Gamow-Teller strength, B-GT greater than or equal to 1.6. Branching ratios and reduced widths of 2-, 3- and 5- particle decay channels of this state are extracted, A strong suppression of the neutron branch from the 18 MeV state to the Be-10(g.s.) is observed, We suggest that the measured partial width may be sensitive to the (p(1/2))(2) component in the Li-11 halo, A rough estimate indicates that the (p(1/2))(2) component is not the dominant one in the halo wave-function.
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| 13. |
- Mukha, I., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of the Li-11(beta d) decay
- 1996
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Ingår i: Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 367:1-4, s. 65-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental data from the decay of Li-11 show for the first time the presence of beta-delayed deuterons with a branching ratio larger than 10(-4). To distinguish between beta d and beta t events the decays of the daughter nuclei Li-9 and Li-8 were identified in the energy and decay time spectra. Furthermore, a time correlation analysis between the beta d events and the subsequent daughter decays was performed.
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| 14. |
- Mukha, I., et al.
(författare)
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Super-strong beta-decay of Li-11 into Be-11* (18 MeV) state: A probe for halo p-wave component?
- 1997
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - 0375-9474. ; 616:1-2, s. C201-C207
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An experimental study of beta-delayed charged particles (H, He, Be), neutrons and gamma-rays that follow the Li-11 beta-decay, clearly indicates a beta-feeding to an exited state at 18.1 MeV in Be-11 with a large Gamow-Teller strength, B-GT greater than or equal to 1.0. The large strength of this beta-transition implies a broad overlap of the Be-11* state at 18.1 MeV and the ground state of Li-11. The deduced width of this resonance is similar or equal to 1 MeV. A strong suppression of the branch from 18.1 MeV state into the Be-10+n channel is observed. This branch, with the largest decay energy, has a partial width less than 1% of the total width. A centrifugal barrier consideration fails to explain this effect. A possible consequence of the observed effect for the Li-11 structure is that the admixture of (p(1/2))(2) configuration in Li-11 might be small.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Svensson, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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Decay Out of the Doubly Magic Superdeformed Band in the N=Z Nucleus 60Zn
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 82:17, s. 3400-3403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The doubly magic superdeformed band in the N = Z nucleus Zn-60 has been identified. Linking transitions connecting this band to the yrast line provide the first spin, parity, and excitation energy measurements for superdeformed states in the A similar to 60 region. The stretched-E2 character and relatively large B(E2) values of these transitions suggest a nonstatistical decay-out process.
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| 17. |
- Svensson, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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Smooth Termination of Rotational Bands in 62Zn: Evidence for a Loss of Collectivity
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 80:12, s. 2558-2561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two sets of strongly coupled rotational bands have been identified in Zn-62. These bands have been observed up to the terminating states of their respective configurations. Lifetime measurements indicate that the transition quadrupole moments in these bands decrease as termination is approached. These results establish the first terminating states of rotational bands in the A similar to 60 mass region and confirm the predicted loss of collectivity associated with smooth band termination.
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| 18. |
- Andersson, T., et al.
(författare)
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High-spin States in the A=39 Mirror Nuclei 39Ca and 39K
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - 1434-6001. ; 6, s. 5-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states of the mass A = 39 mirror pair K-39 and Ca-39 were investigated via the fusion-evaporation reaction Si-28+O-16 at 125 MeV beam energy. The GAMMASPHERE array in conjunction with the 4 pi charged-particle detector array MICROBALL and neutron detectors was used to detect gamma rays in coincidence with evaporated light particles. The results of the first high-spin study of the T-z = -1/2 nucleus Ca-39 are discussed in terms of mirror symmetry and compared to spherical shell-model calculations in the 1d(3/2)-1f(7/2) configuration space.
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| 19. |
- Dawson, George J., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence studies of GB virus-C infection using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 1096-9071. ; 50:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the three recently described GB viruses (GBV-A, GBV-B, and GBV-C), only GBV-C has been linked to cryptogenic hepatitis in man. Because of the limited utility of currently available research tests to determine antibody response to GBV-C proteins, the prevalence of GBV-C RNA in human sera was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of GBV-C is higher among volunteer blood donors with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (3.9%) than among volunteer blood donors with normal ALT levels (0.8%). Higher rates were also noted among commercial blood donors (12.9%) and intravenous drug users (16.0%). GBV-C was frequently detected in residents of West Africa, where the prevalence was > 10% in most age groups. Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with either acute or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) were found to be positive for GBV-C RNA. In addition, GBV-C RNA sequences were detected in individuals diagnosed with non-A-E hepatitis, with clinical courses ranging from mild disease to fulminant hepatitis. Fourteen of sixteen subjects with or without clinically apparent hepatitis were positive for GBV-C RNA more than 1 year after the initial positive result.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Spillmann, Dorothe, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of a Novel Sulfated Carbohydrate Unit Implicated in the CarbohydrateCarbohydrate-mediated Cell Aggregation of the Marine Sponge Microciona prolifera
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 270, s. 5089-5097
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Species-specific cell reaggregation in the marine sponge Microciona prolifera is mediated by an adhesion proteoglycan. Two interactions are involved in the process: a Ca(2+)-dependent homophilic binding between proteoglycan molecules and a Ca(2+)-independent binding between the molecule and cells. Both interactions are mediated by the glycan moieties of the proteoglycan. The interaction of the proteoglycan with itself has been characterized as a carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction of multiple low affinity sites. The monoclonal antibodies Block 1 and Block 2 raised against the purified aggregation proteoglycan and selected for inhibition of aggregation bind to these glycans. In a previous report the structure, [formula: see text] was assigned to the oligosaccharide reacting with Block 1 antibody (Spillmann, D., Hård, K., Thomas-Oates, J., Vliegenthart, J. F. G., Misevic, G., Burger, M. M., and Finne, J. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 13378-13387). By the technique of attaching the water-soluble acid-degraded fragments to a lipid carrier for immunochemical detection and by chemical, enzymatic and spectroscopic methods the structure, [formula: see text] was assigned to the oligosaccharide reacting with the aggregation-blocking monoclonal antibody Block 2. The structure, [formula: see text] was assigned to a major nonreactive oligosaccharide, which outlined the molecular requirements of antibody binding of the two aggregation-associated epitopes. These data demonstrate that two different functional sites with distinct structural characteristics and antibody reactivities are involved in the reaggregation of sponge cells, a model of carbohydrate-carbohydrate-mediated cell interactions.
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| 22. |
- Svensson, C. E., et al.
(författare)
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Observation and Quadrupole Moment Measurement of the First Superdeformed Band in the A~60 Mass Region
- 1997
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 79:7, s. 1233-1236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A high-spin rotational cascade of six gamma rays has been observed in Zn-62. The quadrupole moment of 2.7(-0.5)(+0.7) e b measured for this band corresponds to a deformation beta(2) = 0.45(-0.07)(+0.10). The properties of this band are in excellent agreement with calculations that predict high-spin superdeformed bands in Zn-62 with deformations beta(2) = 0.41-0.49. These results establish a new region of superdeformation for nuclei with neutron and proton numbers N, Z approximate to 30-32.
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| 23. |
- Arvidsson, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Autism in 3-6-Year-Old Children in a Suburb of Goteborg, Sweden
- 1997
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Ingår i: Autism. - : SAGE Publications. - 1362-3613 .- 1461-7005. ; 1:2, s. 163-173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1941 ofthe 3-6-year-old children living in a community outside Gbteborg on the Swedish west coast were screened with a view to identifying all individuals with severe degrees of autistic behaviour. All children in the population were known to well baby clinic staff, and any child suspected of suffering from autism was referred to a specialized clinical research team. The nurses and doctors working in the well baby clinics were well informed about autism. Clinical and ADI-R diagnoses of autism were established after thorough clinical assessments of each suspected case. All children were seen at least twice, and all were over the age of 3 years at the time of diagnosis. The general population prevalence for autism was 3 I in I o,ooo children (9; percent confidence interval 7/ g;). Classic Kanner autism was found in I o in Io,ooo children (9; percent confidence interval-4/24). These rates appear to reflect higher rates than previously reported. Some reasons for the possibly higher prevalence are discussed.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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