| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Cheng, Wan-Lin, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life and care burden among family caregivers of people with severe mental illness : mediating effects of self-esteem and psychological distress
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Family caregivers are important allies for healthcare providers in facilitating the recovery process among people with mental illness (PWMI). The present study examined the factors associated with quality of life (QoL) among family caregivers of PWMI. Methods A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted. Family caregivers of people with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder were recruited using convenience sampling. A survey assessing their QoL, depression, anxiety, and self-esteem was completed with self-rated psychometric scales including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Caregiver Burden Inventory, Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument Short Form. A mediation model was constructed with QoL as the dependent variable, care burden as the independent variable, and psychological distress (including depression and anxiety) with self-esteem as mediating variables. Results Family caregivers of people with schizophrenia had worse QoL compared with counterparts of people with major depression and bipolar disorder. The sociodemographic of both caregivers and PWMI had less impact on QoL when psychological factors were considered. Caregivers with lower self-esteem, higher levels of psychological distress, and heavier care burdens had poorer QoL. Care burden had a significant total effect on QoL. Both self-esteem and psychological distress were significant mediators. Conclusion The findings indicated that caregivers' psychological health and care burden influenced their QoL. Interventions that target family caregivers' self-esteem and psychological distress may attenuate the effect from care burden, and further improve their QoL.
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| 3. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 4. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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| 5. |
- Argirion, Ilona, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative Analysis of the Humoral Immune Response to the EBV Proteome across EBV-Related Malignancies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association For Cancer Research (AACR). - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 32:5, s. 687-696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to multiple cancers, including classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL).Methods: Anti-EBV IgG and IgA antibody responses target-ing 202 sequences from 86 EBV proteins were measured using the same EBV whole proteome array across four case-control studies investigating EBV-positive cHL, eBL, NPC, and NKTCL (407 cases/620 controls). We grouped EBV-targeted antibodies into pathways by immunoglobulin type (IgA and IgG) and life-cycle stage (latent, immediate early lytic, early lytic, late lytic, and glycoprotein) and evaluated their associ-ation with each cancer type. In an additional analysis, we focused on the subset of 46 individual antibodies repre-senting the top candidates for each cancer and compared their associations across the four cancer types using multivariable linear regression models.Results: IgA antibody responses targeting all EBV life-cycle stages were associated with NPC but limited to anti-early lytic stage for cHL. NPC and eBL were associated with IgG antibodies across the viral life cycle; cHL with antibodies in the early lytic, late lytic and glyco-protein stages; and NKTCL with antibodies in the latent, immediate early lytic and early lytic phases. EBNA3A, BBLF1, BDLF4, and BLRF2 IgG antibodies were associated with all cancer types.Conclusions: Our observed similarities and differences across four EBV-associated cancers may inform EBV-related oncogenesis.Impact: Understanding the comparative humoral immune response across EBV-related cancers may aid in identifying shared etiologic roles of EBV proteins and inform unique pathogenic processes for each cancer.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Cheng, Yi Ting Daphne, et al.
(författare)
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A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Among People Recovering from Mental Illness : A Tailored Mindfulness-Based Intervention versus Relaxation Training
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work. - 2640-8066 .- 2640-8074. ; 21:3, s. 318-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study assessed the potential effectiveness, acceptability and feasibility of a tailored mindfulness-based intervention (MBI, REMIND 2.0) for personal recovery among people with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this pilot mixed methods randomized controlled trial, participants were assigned to either the MBI (n = 14) or the relaxation training (RT) (n = 14). Quantitative measures were used to assess primary outcomes, including personal recovery, mindfulness, self-compassion, resilience, and secondary outcomes, including depression, stress, anxiety, positive and negative moods, quality of life and general health at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1) and one-month follow-up (T2). Quantitative interviews were conducted to explore the experiences and perceptions toward the MBI. Results: Results indicated significant group and time interactions for all outcomes except anxiety and stress. MBI participants showed significant improvements in all outcomes at T1, which were maintained at T2, except for positive mood. RT participants showed a significant decline in resilience but significant improvements in all secondary outcomes at T1, but all outcomes significantly declined at T2, except for anxiety and stress. MBI participants were receptive toward the programme in all aspects of personal recovery. Conclusions: The tailored MBI is a potentially effective, feasible and acceptable approach to facilitate personal recovery among people with mental illness. Differences between MBI and RT are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Cheng, Yi Ting Daphne, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a Chinese Short Version of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS-17) Among People Recovering from Mental Illness
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer Nature. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 14:9, s. 2250-2264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The current study was conducted to translate and validate the short version of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS-Short) for the Chinese mental health population to examine the association between mindfulness and personal recovery.Method: A sample of 434 community mental health service users completed the Chinese KIMS-Short and measures of self-compassion, psychological distress, and personal recovery.Results: Results from the first- and second-order confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the five-factor structure proposed by previous research. Validity and internal consistency reliability of the 17-item Chinese KIMS-Short (KIMS-17) were evident. As measured by KIMS-17, mindfulness had moderate to strong correlations with self-compassion, stress, depression, anxiety, and personal recovery measures. Participants with experience in contemplation scored significantly higher overall and in all domains of mindfulness and personal recovery measures than those without experience. Additionally, participants who regularly engaged in contemplative practices scored significantly higher overall and in all domains of mindfulness and personal recovery measures, except for the describing mindfulness skill, compared to those who did not engage in practices.Conclusions: The KIMS-17 is an appropriate brief and multidimensional mindfulness measure for people with mental illness, regardless of their level of experience in contemplative practice. Engaging in contemplative practices, whether rarely or frequently, may contribute to improvement in mindfulness and facilitate personal recovery.
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| 9. |
- Li, Cheng-Wang, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of mechanical properties of various joining processes of aluminum-titanium light alloy
- 2023
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Ingår i: Suxing Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Plasticity Engineering. - : Beijing Res. Inst. of Mechanical and Elec. Technology. - 1007-2012. ; 30:8, s. 138-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 5A06 aluminum alloy and TA1 titanium alloy were selected for the connection tests of flow drill screw, ultrasonic clinch and ultrasonic self-piercing riveting. The influence of plate overlap methods on mechanical properties of each group of joints was studied by static tensile tests. The results show that the mechanical properties of the flow drill screw joints and the ultrasonic self-piercing riveted joints are significantly improved when the soft plate is on top during the riveting process. The plate overlap method has little effect on the ultrasonic clinch joint. Flow drill screw joints have the best cushioning and shock absorption performance, but the stability is poor, and it is more limited when applied to body structures. Ultrasonic clinch joints have low cost and simple process, but poor shear resistance and are not suitable for body structures subjected to high stress. Compared with the other two connection methods, the ultrasonic self-piercing riveted connection has the best stability, the best tensile resistance and shear stiffness, and is suitable for much of the structure in lightweight field of automobile body. © 2023 Beijing Res. Inst. of Mechanical and Elec. Technology. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Li, P. F., et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of low energy electrons transmitting throughstraight glass capillary: Tilt angle dependence br
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Physica Sinica. - : Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. - 1000-3290. ; 71:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is a hot topic that using glass capillary to focus and shape the charged particle beam, for it isinexpensive and simple. There are the cases that single glass capillaries are used to make the microbeam of thepositive ions. When it comes to electrons, their transmitting through insulating capillaries is complex and theattempt to use the glass capillary to produce electron beams in the size of micrometer needs further exploring.In this paper, the charging-up process of the 900-eV electrons transmitting through a glass capillary withthe grounded conductive-coated outer surface is reported. Two-dimensional angular distributions of thetransmitted electrons and their time evolutions are measured for the cases of various tilt angles of glass tube. Itis found that there are a considerable number of transmitted electrons at the tilt angle exceeding thegeometrical opening angle (1 degrees) of the glass tube. The intensity of transmitted electrons for large tilt angle (i.e. -1.15 degrees)can be considered as first falling to zero, then keeping zero for a long time, finally rising to a certain stablevalue. Correspondingly, the angular distribution center experiences moving towards negative-positive-negative-settled. The energy losses are measured for various tilt angles. The larger the tilt angles, the larger the energyloss of transmitted electrons is. To better understand the physics behind the observed phenomena, thesimulations of the energy loss for transmitted electrons at various tilt angles are performed by the Monte Carlomethod. The comparation between the simulated energy losses and the measured energy losses shows that theexperimental results are well explained by multiple deflections from the wall.
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| 11. |
- Li, P. F., et al.
(författare)
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Stable transmission of low energy electrons in glass tube with outer surface grounded conductively shielding
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Physica Sinica. - : Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. - 1000-3290. ; 71:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electron microbeam is useful for modifying certain fragments of biomolecule. It is successful to applythe guiding effect to making the microbeam of positively charged particles by using single glass capillary.However, the mechanism for the electron transport through insulating capillaries is unclear. Meanwhile,previous researches show that there are oscillations of the transmission intensity of electrons with time in theglass capillaries with outer serface having no grounded conductive shielding, So, the application of glasscapillary to making the microbeam of electrons is limited. In this paper, the transmission of 1.5 and 0.9 keV electrons through the glass capillary without/with thegrounded conductive-coated outer surface are investigated, respectively. This study aims to understand themechanism for low energy electron transport in the glass capillaries, and find the conditions for the steadytransport of the electrons. Two-dimensional angular distribution of the transported electrons and its timeevolution are measured. It is found that the intensity of the transported electrons with the incident energythrough the glass capillaries for the glass capillaries without and with the grounded conductive-coated outersurface show the typical geometrical transmission characteristics. The time evolution of the 1.5- keV electrontransport presents an extremely complex variation for the glass capillary without the grounded conductive-coated outer surface. The intensity first falls, then rises and finally oscillates around a certain mean value.Correspondingly, the angular distribution center experiences moving towards positive-negative-settlement. Incomparison, the charge-up process of the 0.9 keV electron transport through the glass capillary with thegrounded conductive-coated outer surface shows a relatively simple behavior. At first, the intensity declines rapidly with time. Then, it slowly rises till a certain value and stays steady subsequently. The angulardistribution of transported electrons follows the intensity distribution in general, but with some delay. It quicklymoves to negative direction then comes back to positive direction. Finally, it regresses extremely slowly andends up around the tilt angle. To better understand the physics behind the observed phenomena, the simulationfor the interaction of the electrons with SiO2 material is performed to obtain the possible deposited chargedistribution by the CASINO code. Based on the analysis of the experimental results and the simulated chargedeposition, the conditions for stabilizing the electron transport through glass capillary arepresented.
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| 12. |
- Li, Zheng, et al.
(författare)
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Inkjet Printed Disposable High-Rate On-Paper Microsupercapacitors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 32:1, s. 2108773-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On-paper microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are a key energy storage component for disposable electronics that are anticipated to essentially address the increasing global concern of electronic waste. However, nearly none of the present on-paper MSCs combine eco-friendliness with high electrochemical performance (especially the rate capacity). In this work, highly reliable conductive inks based on the ternary composite of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), graphene quantum dots and graphene are developed for scalable inkjet printing of compact (footprint area ≈ 20 mm2) disposable MSCs on commercial paper substrates. Without any post treatment, the printed patterns attain a sheet resistance as low as 4 Ω ▫−1. The metal-free all-solid-state MSCs exhibit a maximum areal capacitance > 2 mF cm−2 at a high scan rate of 1000 mV s−1, long cycle life (>95% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles), excellent flexibility, and long service time. Remarkably, the “totally metal-free” MSC arrays are fully inkjet printed on paper substrates and also exhibit high rate performance. The life cycle assessment indicates that these printed devices have much lower eco-toxicity and global warming potential than other on-paper MSCs.
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| 13. |
- Lu, R, et al.
(författare)
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Physalin A Inhibits MAPK and NF-κB Signal Transduction Through Integrin αVβ3 and Exerts Chondroprotective Effect
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in pharmacology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1663-9812. ; 12, s. 761922-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common articular ailment presented with cartilage loss and destruction that is common observed in the elderly population. Physalin A (PA), a natural bioactive withanolide, exerts anti-inflammatory residences in more than a few diseases; however, little is known about its efficacy for OA treatment. Here, we explored the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of PA in mouse OA. After the in vitro administration of PA, the expression of inflammation indicators including inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 was low, indicating that PA could alleviate the IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation response. Moreover, PA reduced IL-1β-induced destruction of the extracellular matrix by upregulating the gene expression of anabolism factors, including collagen II, aggrecan, and sry-box transcription factor 9, and downregulating the gene expression of catabolic factors, including thrombospondin motif 5 and matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, the chondroprotective effect of PA was credited to the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that intra-articular injection of PA could alleviate cartilage destruction in a mouse OA model. However, the anti-inflammatory, anabolism enhancing, catabolism inhibiting, and MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway inhibiting properties of PA on IL-1β-induced chondrocytes could be reversed when integrin αVβ3 is knocked down by siRNA. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that PA exhibits a chondroprotective effect that may be mediated by integrin αVβ3. Thus, PA or integrin αVβ3 might be a promising agent or molecular target for the treatment of OA.
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| 14. |
- Qiu, Chun-Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Revealing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in fuel cell catalyst layers by an in-operando approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chinese Journal of Catalysis. - 1872-2067. ; 43:7, s. 1918-1926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the H2O2-tolerance of non-Pt oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts as well as investigate the H2O2-induced decay mechanism, the selection of an appropriate H2O2 concentration is a prerequisite. However, the concentration criterion is still unclear because of the lack of in-operando methods to determine the actual concentration of H2O2 in fuel cell catalyst layers. In this work, an electrochemical probe method was successfully established to in-operando monitor the H2O2 in non-Pt catalyst layers for the first time. The local concentration of H2O2 was revealed to reach 17 mmol/L, which is one order of magnitude higher than that under aqueous electrodes test conditions. Powered by the new knowledge, a concentration criterion of at least 17 mmol/L is suggested. This work fills in the large gap between aqueous electrode tests and the real fuel cell working conditions, and highlights the importance of in-operando monitoring methods.
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| 15. |
- Razavi-Shearer, Devin M., et al.
(författare)
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Adjusted estimate of the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus in 25 countries and territories
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY. - 0168-8278 .- 1600-0641. ; 80:2, s. 232-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & Aims: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite RNA virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) for assembly and propagation. Individuals infected with HDV progress to advanced liver disease faster than HBV-monoinfected individuals. Recent studies have estimated the global prevalence of anti-HDV antibodies among the HBV-infected population to be 5-15%. This study aimed to better understand HDV prevalence at the population level in 25 countries/territories. Methods: We conducted a literature review to determine the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals in 25 countries/territories. Virtual meetings were held with experts from each setting to discuss the findings and collect unpublished data. Data were weighted for patient segments and regional heterogeneity to estimate the prevalence in the HBV-infected population. The findings were then combined with The Polaris Observatory HBV data to estimate the anti-HDV and HDV RNA prevalence in each country/territory at the population level. Results: After adjusting for geographical distribution, disease stage and special populations, the anti-HDV prevalence among the HBsAg+ population changed from the literature estimate in 19 countries. The highest anti-HDV prevalence was 60.1% in Mongolia. Once adjusted for the size of the HBsAg+ population and HDV RNA positivity rate, China had the highest absolute number of HDV RNA+ cases. Conclusions: We found substantially lower HDV prevalence than previously reported, as prior meta-analyses primarily focused on studies conducted in groups/regions that have a higher probability of HBV infection: tertiary care centers, specific risk groups or geographical regions. There is large uncertainty in HDV prevalence estimates. The implementation of reflex testing would improve estimates, while also allowing earlier linkage to care for HDV RNA+ individuals. The logistical and economic burden of reflex testing on the health system would be limited, as only HBsAg+ cases would be screened.
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| 16. |
- Smati, S., et al.
(författare)
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Integrative study of diet-induced mouse models of NAFLD identifies PPARα as a sexually dimorphic drug target
- 2022
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 71:4, s. 807-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the influence of sex on the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated diet-induced phenotypic responses to define sex-specific regulation between healthy liver and NAFLD to identify influential pathways in different preclinical murine models and their relevance in humans. Different models of diet-induced NAFLD (high-fat diet, choline-deficient high-fat diet, Western diet or Western diet supplemented with fructose and glucose in drinking water) were compared with a control diet in male and female mice. We performed metabolic phenotyping, including plasma biochemistry and liver histology, untargeted large-scale approaches (liver metabolome, lipidome and transcriptome), gene expression profiling and network analysis to identify sex-specific pathways in the mouse liver. The different diets induced sex-specific responses that illustrated an increased susceptibility to NAFLD in male mice. The most severe lipid accumulation and inflammation/fibrosis occurred in males receiving the high-fat diet and Western diet, respectively. Sex-biased hepatic gene signatures were identified for these different dietary challenges. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) co-expression network was identified as sexually dimorphic, and in vivo experiments in mice demonstrated that hepatocyte PPARα determines a sex-specific response to fasting and treatment with pemafibrate, a selective PPARα agonist. Liver molecular signatures in humans also provided evidence of sexually dimorphic gene expression profiles and the sex-specific co-expression network for PPARα. These findings underscore the sex specificity of NAFLD pathophysiology in preclinical studies and identify PPARα as a pivotal, sexually dimorphic, pharmacological target. NCT02390232.
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| 17. |
- Wan, Benting, et al.
(författare)
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An integrated group decision-making method for the evaluation of hypertension follow-up systems using interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets
- 2023
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Ingår i: Complex & Intelligent Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2199-4536 .- 2198-6053. ; 9:4, s. 4521-4554
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is imperative to comprehensively evaluate the function, cost, performance and other indices when purchasing a hypertension follow-up (HFU) system for community hospitals. To select the best software product from multiple alternatives, in this paper, we develop a novel integrated group decision-making (GDM) method for the quality evaluation of the system under the interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (IVq-ROFSs). The design of our evaluation indices is based on the characteristics of the HFU system, which in turn represents the evaluation requirements of typical software applications and reflects the particularity of the system. A similarity is extended to measure the IVq-ROFNs, and a new score function is devised for distinguishing IVq-ROFNs to figure out the best IVq-ROFN. The weighted fairly aggregation (WFA) operator is then extended to the interval-valued q-rung orthopair WFA weighted average operator (IVq-ROFWFAWA) for aggregating information. The attribute weights are derived using the LINMAP model based on the similarity of IVq-ROFNs. We design a new expert weight deriving strategy, which makes each alternative have its own expert weight, and use the ARAS method to select the best alternative based on these weights. With these actions, a GDM algorithm that integrates the similarity, score function, IVq-ROFWFAWA operator, attribute weights, expert weights and ARAS is proposed. The applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated through a case study. Its effectiveness and feasibility are verified by comparing it to other state-of-the-art methods and operators.
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| 18. |
- Wan, Liyang, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Degradation of Iron Phthalocyanine during the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic Media
- 2022
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Ingår i: ACS Catalysis. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2155-5435. ; 12:18, s. 11097-11107
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular iron phthalocyanine (FePc) possesses an FeN4 active site structure similar to practical pyrolyzed Fe/N/C catalysts for the acidic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), making it an ideal model system to derive the degradation mechanism of such catalysts. However, the degradation mechanism of FePc during the acidic ORR has been largely unclear to date. Herein, five most likely degradation factors affecting FePc-based ORR activity are individually investigated and compared. The attack by free radicals is found to be the main reason for the instability of FePc. Assisted by the combination of several spectroscopic methods, we successfully identify the degradation products and then propose a full structural evolution of molecular FePc degradation. Finally, high similarity in the decay mechanism between molecular FePc and practical Fe/N/C catalysts was present. This study provides a clear picture of the currently missing degradation mechanism of molecular FePc during acidic ORR, which will assist future investigations on the performance degradation of practical Fe/N/C catalysts.
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| 19. |
- Wan, X., et al.
(författare)
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Efficient and stable planar all-inorganic perovskite solar cells based on high-quality CsPbBr3 films with controllable morphology
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Energy Challenges and Mechanics. - : Elsevier. - 2056-9386. ; 46, s. 8-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All-inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite is attracting growing interest as functional materials in photovoltaics and other optoelectronic devices due to its superb stability. However, the fabrication of high-quality CsPbBr3 films still remains a big challenge by solution-process because of the low solubility of the cesium precursor in common solvents. Herein, we report a facile solution-processed approach to prepare high-quality CsPbBr3 perovskite films via a two-step spin-coating method, in which the CsBr methanol/H2O mixed solvent solution is spin-coated onto the lead bromide films, followed by an isopropanol-assisted post-treatment to regulate the crystallization process and to control the film morphology. In this fashion, dense and uniform CsPbBr3 films are obtained consisting of large crystalline domains with sizes up to microns and low defect density. The effectiveness of the resulting CsPbBr3 films is further examined in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a simplified planar architecture of fluorine‒doped tin oxide/compact TiO2/CsPbBr3/carbon, which deliver a maximum power conversion efficiency of 8.11% together with excellent thermal and humidity stability. The present work offers a simple and effective strategy in fabrication of high-quality CsPbBr3 films for efficient and stable PSCs as well as other optoelectronic devices.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Wang, Yu-Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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Porous Carbon Membrane-Supported Atomically Dispersed Pyrrole-Type Fe-N-4 as Active Sites for Electrochemical Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Small. - : Wiley. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 16:31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rational design of catalytically active sites in porous materials is essential in electrocatalysis. Herein, atomically dispersed Fe-N-x sites supported by hierarchically porous carbon membranes are designed to electrocatalyze the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR), one of the key techniques in electrochemical nitrogen transformation. The high intrinsic catalytic activity of the Fe-N-x single-atom catalyst together with the uniquely mixed micro-/macroporous membrane support positions such an electrode among the best-known heteroatom-based carbon anodes for hydrazine fuel cells. Combined with advanced characterization techniques, electrochemical probe experiments, and density functional theory calculation, the pyrrole-type Fe-N-4 structure is identified as the real catalytic site in HzOR.
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| 23. |
- Xi, Xue-Cheng, et al.
(författare)
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Velocity planning in multi-axis EDM based on a coder-player architecture
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6125 .- 1878-6642. ; 59, s. 299-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With a higher requirement on machining accuracy in electrical discharging machining (EDM), there is a drastically increased number of multi-axis line segments for machining complex workpieces. High speed jumping is needed for a conducive discharge gap status. The increased number of line segments, however, makes the implementation of high-speed jumping difficult. To alleviate the online computational burden for velocity planning, this paper proposes a multi-axis velocity planning based on a coder-player architecture. Under this architecture, a multi-axis feeding trajectory is represented by a series of double non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves, which are then interpolated by the unit arc length increment interpolation (UALII) method. Based on the interpolation points with a resolution of a basic length unit (BLU), a velocity limit curve is generated by considering simultaneously the constraints on chord error, acceleration and jerk. The velocity planning is implemented under a coder-player architecture. As a trajectory represented by a double-NURBS curve has C2 continuity, velocity losses can be avoided at junctions between line segments, thus smoothing of line segments at junctions is unnecessary in jumping. Machining tests showed that by the use of the velocity planning based on double-NURBS curves, the machining time for one channel of a shrouded blisk can be decreased by 29.38%.
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| 24. |
- Young, Daniel Kim-wan, et al.
(författare)
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Guided Online Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Community Residents with Emotional Distress during the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2024
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Ingår i: Social work (New York, N.Y. Print). - 0037-8046 .- 1545-6846. ; 69:2, s. 158-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a guided online mindfulness-based intervention (iMBI) for community residents experiencing emotional distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. In a randomized controlled trial, 64 participants were recruited from collaborating community-based mental health service units in Hong Kong and assigned to either the treatment (n = 32) or control (n = 32) groups. The treatment group received a guided iMBI consisting of 16 online modules, weekly telephone counseling, and two half-day online workshops on mindfulness practice. In contrast, the waitlist control group did not receive any intervention during the initial stage. Using a 2 (two groups) × time (pre versus post) repeated measures linear mixed model and one-way analysis of variance, authors demonstrated that the treatment group experienced a significantly larger reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms with a large effect size compared with the control group. Additionally, the treatment group showed a significantly greater improvement in mindfulness with a moderate effect size. The findings support the effectiveness of guided iMBI for community residents experiencing emotional distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong.
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| 25. |
- Young, Daniel Kim-wan, et al.
(författare)
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Low-intensity online mindfulness-based intervention for university students with anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic : A randomized controlled trial with 3-month follow-up
- 2023
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study investigated the effectiveness of a low-intensity online mindfulness-based Intervention (iMBI) for alleviating anxiety in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: In a randomized controlled trial involving 134 participants from a local university in Hong Kong, subjects were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 67) or the inactive control group (n = 67). The intervention group participated in a low-intensity iMBI comprising 16 online modules and two half-day online mindfulness workshops over an eight-week period. Outcomes were measured via an online platform using standardized assessment scales, including the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Chinese Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, at three different time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention and at a three-month follow-up.Results: Intent-to-treat analysis using 2 (group) × 3 (time) repeated measures of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that the intervention group, compared to the control group, showed a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms with a medium effect size (Cohen's d = 0.5) and a significant improvement in mindfulness skills with a medium effect size (Cohen's d = 0.5) at post-intervention. The effects of the intervention in reducing anxiety and improving mindfulness persisted at the three-month follow-up.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the low-intensity iMBI in alleviating anxiety among university students.
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