| 1. |
- Dahlen, B, et al.
(författare)
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The reproducibility and sample size requirements of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction measurements
- 2001
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 17:4, s. 581-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dry air exercise challenges are frequently used to screen medications that have potential utility in the management of exercise−induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of three outcome measurements made using such challenges, and sample size requirements for drug evaluation studies based on these outcomes.Forty adult subjects with asthma, who tested positively on a screening exercise challenge, were subjected to two further identical challenges, separated by 1 to >35 days. Outcome measurements included the maximum per cent fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), after exercise (% fallmax), and the area under the per cent fall in FEV1/time curve for 30 min (AUC30) and 60 min (AUC60) after exercise.The reproducibility of these outcomes, as assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients was 0.72, 0.53 and 0.35 for % fallmax, AUC30and AUC60measurements, respectively. The sample size requirements to demonstrate an attenuation of EIB equivalent to a 50% reduction in % fallmaxwas 9, 14 and 19 subjects for the % fallmax, AUC30and AUC60responses, respectively (90% power).It is concluded that the maximum percentage fall in forced expiratory volume in one second has greater reproducibility and results in greater power in clinical trials than area under the curve measurements. Sample size calculation curves are provided which may be used in study design and interpretation of published studies.
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| 2. |
- Friedlein, Rainer, et al.
(författare)
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Surface-induced vertical alignment of self-assembled supramolecular columns of large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and porphyrins
- 2004
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Ingår i: Synthetic metals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0379-6779 .- 1879-3290. ; 147:01-Mar, s. 79-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ordered films of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and porphyrins with functional (e.g. thiophene) side-groups are good candidates for (opto-)electronic applications where fast charge separation and transport are required. Such highly ordered thin films of PAHs, including discotic hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) and C-132-C-16,C-4, as well as brominated functionalized porphyrin molecules have been grown from solutions on semi-metallic molybdenum disulfide substrates and characterized by angle-resolved valence band photoelectron spectroscopy. A vertical growth of self-assembled supramolecular columns perpendicular to the basal plane of the substrate along with their lateral ordering on the surface has been achieved. Annealing made it possible to increase the structural order in the HBC columns, with molecules positioned at a regular offset from the columnar axis. This permitted the formation of extended pi-electronic states with a bandwidth of at least 0.1-0.2 eV at room temperature. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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