| 1. |
- Bartfay, Sven-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The trajectory of renal function following mechanical circulatory support and subsequent heart transplantation.
- 2022
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Ingår i: ESC heart failure. - : Wiley. - 2055-5822. ; 9:4, s. 2454-2473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with advanced heart failure (HF) frequently suffer from renal insufficiency. The impact of durable mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and subsequent heart transplantation (HTx) on kidney function is not well described.We studied patients with advanced HF who received durable MCS as bridge to transplantation (BTT) and underwent subsequent HTx at our centre between 1996 and 2018. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by 51 Cr-EDTA or iohexol clearance during heart failure work-up; 3-6months after MCS; and 1year after HTx. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was classified according to KDIGO criteria based on estimated GFR. A total of 88 patients (46±15years, 84% male) were included, 63% with non-ischaemic heart disease. The median duration of MCS-treatment was 172 (IQR 116-311) days, and 81 subjects were alive 1year after HTx. Measured GFR increased from 54±19 during HF work-up to 60±16mL/min/1.73m2 after MCS (P<0.001) and displayed a slight but nonsignificant decrease to 57±22mL/min/1.73m2 1year after HTx (P=0.38). The trajectory of measured GFR did not differ between pulsatile and continuous flow (CF) pumps. Among patients 35-49years and those who were treated in the most recent era (2012-2018), measured GFR increased following MCS implantation and subsequent HTx. Estimated GFR displayed a similar course as did measured GFR.In patients with advanced heart failure, measured GFR improved after MCS with no difference between pulsatile and CF-pumps. The total study group showed no further increase in GFR following HTx, but in certain subgroups, including patients aged 35-54years and those treated during the latest era (2012-2018), renal function appeared to improve after transplant.
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| 2. |
- Frisén, Marianne, 1943, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluations of likelihood ratio methods for surveillance. Differences and robustness
- 1999
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Ingår i: Communications in statistics, Simulation and computation. - 0361-0918. ; 28:3, s. 597-622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When a control chart is used in practice, knowledge about several characteristics of the method is important for the judgement of which action is appropriate at an alarm. The probability of a false alarm, the delay of an alarm and the predictive value of an alarm are qualities (besides the usual ARL) which are described by a simulation study for the evaluations. Results for finite time are given for a shift in level of a Gaussian process. Evaluations are made of the full likelihood ratio method that has two parameters and can be made optimal for both the size and the intensity of a shift. Also, the Shiryaev-Roberts and the CUSUM methods are evaluated. These two methods have one parameter for the size of the shift. A comparison is also made with the commonly used Shewhart method. All methods are based on some likelihood ratio expressions. Differences and limiting equalities among the methods are demonstrated and also the robustness with respect to the choice of parameters.
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| 5. |
- Moran, Meghan M., et al.
(författare)
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The risk of revision following total hip arthroplasty in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, a registry based study
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract and is associated with decreased bone mineral density. IBD patients are at higher risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis and fracture compared to non-IBD patients. The impact of IBD on the performance of orthopedic implants has not been well studied. We hypothesized that a history of IBD at the time of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) would increase the risk of subsequent failure as assessed by revision surgery. A retrospective implant survival analysis was completed using the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Registry and the Sweden National Patient Register. A total of 150,073 patients undergoing THA for osteoarthritis within an 18-year period were included in the study. THA patients with (n = 2,604) and without (n = 147,469) a history of IBD at the time of THA were compared with primary revision as the main endpoint and adjusted using sex, age category and comorbidity (Elixhauser scores) as covariates. We found that patients with a history of IBD had a relatively higher risk of revision surgery for septic causes while the non-IBD patients had a relatively higher risk of revision for aseptic causes (p = 0.004). Our findings suggest there may be an association between gut health and THA performance.
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| 6. |
- Wessman, Peter, 1962
(författare)
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Some principles for surveillance adopted for multivariate processes with a common change point
- 1998
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Ingår i: Communications in statistics, Theory and methods. - 0361-0926. ; 27:5, s. 1143-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surveillance of multivariate processes has received growing attention during the last decade. Several generalizations of well-known methods such as Shewhart, CUSUM and EWMA charts have been proposed. Many of these multivariate procedures are based on a univariate summarized statistic of the multivariate observations, usually the likelihood ratio statistic. In this paper we consider the surveillance of multivariate observation processes for a shift between two fully specified alternatives. The effect of the dimension reduction using likelihood ratio statistics are discussed in the context of sufficiency properties. Also, an example of the loss of efficiency when not using the univariate sufficient statistic is given. Furthermore, a likelihood ratio method, the LR method, for constructing surveillance procedures is suggested for multivariate surveillance situations. It is shown to produce univariate surveillance procedures based on the sufficient likelihood ratios. As the LR procedure has several optimality properties in the univariate, it is also used here as a benchmark for comparisons between multivariate surveillance procedures.
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