| 1. |
- Sjöberg, Trygve, et al.
(författare)
-
Antagonism of thromboxane receptor induced contractions in isolated human groin lymphatics
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Lymphology. - 0024-7766. ; 22:3, s. 135-140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In vitro studies were performed on lymphatics obtained from the groin in 19 patients undergoing vascular surgery. The lymphatics were mounted in tissue baths, and isometric contractions were induced by increasing concentrations of the thromboxane A2 (TXA2) mimetic U-46619. In comparison to K+ (124mM)-induced contraction, which were used as an internal standard, the response to U-46619 had an Emax of 105 +/- 5.9%. The pEC50-value was 8.14 +/- 0.09. The effects of two thromboxane receptor (TP-receptor) antagonists, L-636,499 and BM-13,505, were investigated. Both antagonists caused concentration-dependent right-ward shifts without depression of Emax of the U-46619 concentration-response curves. The slopes of the regression lines in a Schild plot for both antagonists did not differ from one, indicating competitive antagonism. The pA2-value of BM-13,505 (7.89) was 65 times higher than that of L-636,499 (6.08). The results suggest that the receptor involved in the prostanoid contraction in human groin lymphatics is of the TP-subtype.
|
|
| 2. |
- Sjöberg, Trygve, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparative effects of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonists noradrenaline, phenylephrine and clonidine in the human saphenous vein in vivo and in vitro
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 136:3, s. 463-471
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated contractile effects of noradrenaline (alpha 1 + alpha 2), phenylephrine (alpha 1) and clonidine (alpha 2) on human saphenous veins were investigated in vivo and in vitro. By infusion (0.3 ml min-1) of the drugs (increasing concentrations in the infused solution) into distended (40 mmHg) saphenous veins in six healthy subjects, local vasoconstriction was induced, measured by a photo-electric device. The drugs induced dose-dependent contractions in all subjects, and dose-response curves were constructed. These were compared with concentration-response curves based on in-vitro results. Macroscopically normal saphenous veins, taken at saphenousectomies, were used, and the preparations were contracted isometrically in organ baths by the agonists. From the curves obtained in vivo and in vitro, the relative potencies of phenylephrine and clonidine (in relation to noradrenaline) were calculated and compared. The relative potencies of phenylephrine in vivo (76%) and in vitro (82%) did not differ significantly. However, the relative potency of clonidine was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in vivo (90%) than in vitro (99%). Thus, it is concluded that there are differences between the results obtained in vivo and in vitro, stressing the importance of comparative in vivo-in vitro studies.
|
|
| 3. |
- Sjöberg, Trygve, et al.
(författare)
-
Contractile response in isolated human groin lymphatics
- 1987
-
Ingår i: Lymphology. - 0024-7766. ; 20:3, s. 152-160
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lymphatics from the human superficial groin removed at operation in 21 patients (one with lymphedema) were examined in vitro. Histochemically no nerves were identified with either specific catecholamine fluorescence or immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase or dopamine beta-hydroxylase. Ring preparations of the lymphatics were mounted in tissue baths and isometric induced contractions were recorded after administration of K+ (124 mM), acetylcholine, selected amines and prostanoids. Noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline, dopamine, and acetylcholine had no or only weak contractile effects. In some segments, serotonin induced contractions. Prostaglandin E2 showed no contractile effect and prostaglandin F2 alpha induced contraction in most of the tested lymphatics. The prostaglandin-endoperoxide analogue U44069 uniformly elicited marked concentration-dependent contraction. In the lymphatic segment from the patient with lymphedema, a slightly greater contractile response to NA and serotonin was observed. The results overall suggest an absence of sympathetic innervation and contraction-mediating alpha adrenergic receptors in human superficial groin lymphatics, and support that certain prostanoids may be important regulators of human lymphatic contractility.
|
|
| 4. |
- Sjöberg, Trygve, et al.
(författare)
-
Contractility of human leg lymphatics during exercise before and after indomethacin
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Lymphology. - 0024-7766. ; 22:4, s. 186-193
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Subcutaneous lymphatics in the lower leg were catheterized in the retrograde direction in 6 healthy male subjects. The catheter was connected to a pressure transducer, and pressure was measured during three stages of exercise including standing, tip-toeing, and running in place. Before the third stage, indomethacin (50mg) was given i.v. Rhythmic pressure waves were registered in each subject. During the second stage, when the subjects were "warmed up," the frequency (min-1) was 2.4 +/- 0.5 (mean +/- SEM). The corresponding values during tip-toeing and running were 5.8 +/- 0.7 (p less than 0.05) and 5.4 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.05), respectively. The amplitudes (mean values between 3.2-4.7mmHg while standing) were not consistently altered during tip-toeing or running in any of the three stages. During standing there was a negative correlation between frequency and amplitude. No such correlation was found during tip-toeing or running, or after injection of indomethacin. Indomethacin did not significantly alter any of the measured parameters, but in two subjects the frequencies and amplitudes were decreased (about 50%) during standing, tip-toeing, and running.
|
|
| 5. |
- Herbst, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Infections and antibiotic prophylaxis in reconstructive vascular surgery
- 1989
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular Surgery. - 0950-821X. ; 3:4, s. 303-307
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 98 patients undergoing elective vascular surgery, specimens for bacterial cultures were obtained from urine, ischaemic ulcers, incisional wounds and the implanted grafts. Wound and graft infections were registered and compared with the results of these cultures and suspected risk factors in an attempt to find the source of infections. Antibiotic prophylaxis with cefuroxime was given for 24 h beginning at the start of surgery. Patients with ischaemic ulcers also received "spread prophylaxis", directed against isolated bacteria, for ten days. Three cases of graft infection and twelve cases of wound infection occurred. Positive postoperative cultures from wounds did not correlate with pre- or peroperative cultures. Peroperative cultures revealed small numbers of staphylococcus epidermidis in eleven patients, and none of them developed graft infection. Ischaemic ulcers, diabetes or re-do procedures were not accompanied by a significantly increased frequency of wound or graft infection, although each of three patients with graft infection had one of these risk factors. Bacteria, sensitive to cefuroxime, were found in one graft infection, six wound infections, and in two patients with urosepsis, whereas cefuroxime resistant organisms were isolated from one graft infection and three infected wounds. One of the three graft infections was probably caused by bacteria originating from the patient's ischaemic ulcer. In the other two patients the source of bacteria could not be determined. Cefuroxime seems to be an adequate alternative for prophylaxis of vascular graft infection, but in some patients with bacteriuria or indwelling catheters, a one day regimen may be too short.
|
|
| 6. |
- Thörne, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of ticlopidine and prostaglandin E on endotoxin-induced pulmonary platelet sequestration in vivo
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Circulatory Shock. - 0092-6213. ; 20:1, s. 61-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostaglandin E1 has earlier been shown to decrease pulmonary platelet trapping (PPT) following shock. This experiment was performed to evaluate a new method to study PPT in vivo, and to study the effect of prostaglandin E1 and a new antiplatelet drug (ticlopidine) on PPT in rabbits after i.v. administration of endotoxin. Following platelet labeling with In-111, the rabbits were placed under a scintillation camera for continuous measuring of the activity distribution for 40 minutes. The first five minutes represented reference values, whereafter endotoxin E. coli was injected i.v. The following 2-4 minutes showed a sudden increase of radioactivity over the lungs and a simultaneous decrease over the heart, indicating PPT in the nontreated animals, followed by a slow decrease to almost preshock values during the following 30 minutes. Animals receiving prostaglandin E1 showed a significantly lower activity peak in the lungs after the administration of endotoxin, while the corresponding peak in ticlopidine-treated animals did not differ from that seen in the nontreated animals. In all groups, endotoxin caused a decrease in platelet count, but it was significantly lower in the PGE1-treated animals. The results have shown that this diagnostic model for PPT is reliable and may be used for evaluation of the effect on platelet aggregation in vivo of different drugs
|
|
| 7. |
- Johansson, K. E., et al.
(författare)
-
Oesophagitis, signs of reflux, and gastric acid secretion in patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - Oslo : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 21:7, s. 837-847
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a study comprising 100 patients referred to a surgical clinic with symptoms suggestive of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease the value of different diagnostic procedures was investigated. Positive acid perfusion and 24-h pH tests were the commonest findings. Forty-nine per cent showed a normal oesophageal mucosa or diffuse oesophagitis at endoscopy. The severity of heartburn and regurgitation did not differ between patients with normal oesophageal mucosa and oesophagitis of various severities. The severity of macroscopic oesophagitis was significantly correlated to the total reflux time, the presence of reflux or a hiatal hernia at radiology, an open cardia or reflux at endoscopy, pressure transmission or reflux and low lower oesophageal sphincter pressure at manometry. Gastric hypersecretion was found in 66% of the patients. Gastric acid secretion was not correlated to the severity of oesophagitis or to the findings at 24-h pH test. In patients with severe oesophagitis the sensitivity for radiologic, manometric, and endoscopic signs of incompetence of the gastro-oesophageal junction was 94%.
|
|
| 8. |
- Mätzsch, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of standard heparin or low molecular weight heparin on healing of abdominal wounds and colonic anastomoses in rats
- 1987
-
Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 153:10, s. 593-598
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of standard heparin or low molecular weight (LMW) heparin on healing of abdominal wounds and colonic anastomoses was studied in rats. Subcutaneous injection of 1 XaI U/g b.w. of standard or LMW-heparin or 0.5 ml physiologic saline was given 12 hours preoperatively and daily for 3 or 7 days postoperatively. Breaking strength of the abdominal wound and the anastomosis was measured, as were haemoglobin and albumin in serum. Hydroxyproline as a measure of collagen and tissue dry weight was determined in standardized segments of colonic wall adjacent to the anastomosis. Except for significant increase in breaking strength of the anastomosis after 7-day injection of LMW heparin, no differences in the parameters of wound healing were found after 3 or 7 days. In rats receiving standard heparin there was increased bleeding tendency (reduced haemoglobin) compared with the LMW-heparin group and the controls. The administered heparin thus did not negatively influence healing, and standard and LMW-heparin did not differ in this respect.
|
|
| 9. |
- Ulvsbäck, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular cloning of a small prostate protein, known as beta-microsemenoprotein, PSP94 or beta-inhibin, and demonstration of transcripts in non-genital tissues
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. ; 164:3, s. 5-1310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to study the gene expression of the seminal plasma protein beta-microseminoprotein, also known as PSP94 and beta-inhibin, clones encoding this protein were isolated from a cDNA library constructed in lambda gt11. Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the structure of a previously cloned cDNA. By northern blot analysis identical sized transcripts were demonstrated in the prostate, the respiratory (tracheal, bronchial and lung) tissues and the antrum part of the gastric mucosa. Thus, the protein is not primarily associated with male reproductive function. Although probably of no physiological significance, a slight structural similarity to the ovarian inhibin beta-chains was identified in the C-terminal half of the molecule.
|
|
| 10. |
- Arnbjornsson, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Testicular torsion in children - Bilateral or unilateral operation
- 1985
-
Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 151:5, s. 425-427
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Between 1969 and 1984 65 children were operated on for testicular torsion. A follow-up study of 63 patients who underwent surgery for unilateral testicular torsion with fixation only on the affected side showed that no torsion occurred on the opposite nonfixated side and there was no retorsion during an observation period of an average of more than seven years. From our calculated risk for contralateral testicular torsion we suggest that bilateral fixation is not necessary in children who present with a unilateral testicular torsion.
|
|
| 11. |
- Aspenberg, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Drug test chamber : a titanium implant for administration of biochemical agents to a standardized bone callus in situ
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-5425. ; 10:1, s. 70-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A titanium implant in which a conduit is gradually filled with ingrowing bone (the Bone Harvest Chamber) has been modified to allow continuous local treatment of the conduit tissue with biochemical agents. Implants were inserted bilaterally in rabbit tibiae. The tissue content of the bone ingrowth conduits was studied with histology, 99mTc-MDP scintimetry and measurements of total calcium content. Bone was formed in the conduit by endochondral formation starting at both ends and continuing until fusion in the middle. After 2 weeks the bone had not yet met in the middle where fibrous tissue was seen. In eight animals 3H-proline was applied via one of the chambers, with the contralateral chamber as a saline-treated control. The collagen of the harvested tissue from the 3H-proline treated side had a 3H-hydroxyproline content 1000 times greater than had the control side. The 'drug test chamber' makes possible the study of local effects of drugs on healing of mature bone in vivo.
|
|
| 12. |
- Djerf, K, et al.
(författare)
-
A simplified roentgen stereophotogrammetric method. Analysis of small movements between the prosthetic stem and the femur after total hip replacement.
- 1987
-
Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 28:5, s. 603-606
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simplified roentgen stereophotogrammetric method is described. It is based on the use of a 50 mm thick reference plate consisting of a carbon-fibre-reinforced polyester box. The patient is placed directly on this box, which makes the methods less cumbersome and more suitable for routine use. The method has been tested in a model experiment designed for detecting small movements between femur and prosthesis at an early stage after total hip replacement. The head and two hemispheres on the prosthesis and three small tantalum balls inserted in the femur serve as reference points. The model experiment now reported shows that the method has acceptable precision.
|
|
| 13. |
- Elmqvist, Lars-Gunnar, 1944-
(författare)
-
Chronic anterior cruciate ligament tear : knee function and knee extensor muscle size, morphology and function before and after surgical reconstruction
- 1988
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Knee function was evaluated by knee score, activity level, clinical findings and performance tests, muscle size by computerized tomography (CT), morphology by light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM), muscle function by electromyography (EMG) and isokinetic performance in 29 patients with chronic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. Preoperatively CT disclosed a significant mean atrophy of the quadriceps and nonsignificant changes of the other muscle areas of the injured leg. Morphology of m vastus lateralis of the injured leg was normal in more than half of the biopsies preoperatively, the rest showed signs of nonoptimal activation. Significant decreases in all isokinetic parameters were noticed together with significantly decreased EMG of the quadriceps muscle of the injured leg.Âfter surgical reconstruction the knees were immobilized in a cast for 6 weeks at either 30° or 70° of knee flexion. After cast removal CT showed significant decreases of all areas which also remained after training. The 30° group showed larger fibres (intracellular oedema) and more frequent morphological abnormalities than the 70° group. Fourteen weeks postoperatively the patients were allocated to either a combination of isometric and progressive resistance training or isokinetic training for 6 weeks. CT showed slightly larger areas at 20 weeks postoperatively than at 6 weeks. Morphological abnormalities were still prominent at 20 weeks postoperatively. Maximum isokinetic knee extensor mechanical output and endurance were markedly decreased at 14 weeks postoperatively but both improved progressively during the one year rehabilitation, mostly during the intensive 6 week training period but irrespective of training programme used. Fatiguability/endurance level improved over the preoperative level. Muscular work/integrated EMG was stable while EMG/t increased indicating neuromuscular relearning.The clinical result at 28 months foliowup was excellent or good in 93% of the patients and clinical stability improved in 66%. Independent upon primary knee immobilization angle or training programmes no differences could be demonstrated with respect to stability, range of motion, function or isokinetic mechanical output. Isokinetic performance was still significantly lower in the injured compared to the noninjured leg and not significantly different from the preoperative values. Morphology, only 6 cases, showed abnormalities similar to preoperative findings.In conclusion, the reason for the decreased maximum and total knee extensor performance in these patients with ACL tears is suggested to be nonoptimal activation of normal functioning muscle fibres depending on changes in knee joint receptor afferent inflow. No differences concerning the markedly improved postoperative clinical result could be seen between the different treatment modalities used. A nonoptimal muscular activation might explain the still decreased isokinetic performance present at followup.
|
|
| 14. |
- Lexell, Jan, et al.
(författare)
-
Distribution of different fibre types in human skeletal muscles. A statistical and computational model for the study of fibre type grouping and early diagnosis of skeletal muscle fibre denervation and reinnervation
- 1983
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Neurological Sciences. - 1878-5883 .- 0022-510X. ; 61:3, s. 301-314
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To define fibre type grouping in terms of random and non-random arrangements of the two fibre types, type 1 (ST) and type 2 (FT), we adopted the measure of counting the number of "enclosed fibres". The statistical properties of the number of enclosed fibres, and the number and size of groups of enclosed fibres were studied in computer-simulated muscle cross-sections, using a model based upon hexagonal-shaped fibres. The effects on the results of differences in the sizes of the muscle fibres were considered. The applicability of the model, and the derived results and methods of analysis were tested on 10 samples from a cross-section of a whole human muscle. The results show that the model can be applied to various shapes and sizes of muscle samples and various sizes of muscle fibres. The number of enclosed fibres within a muscle sample is the best of the three measures of non-randomness considered. A test is also described for assessing whether or not the observed number of enclosed fibres is random at a given significance level.
|
|
| 15. |
- Lexell, Jan, et al.
(författare)
-
Variability in muscle fibre areas in whole human quadriceps muscle: how to reduce sampling errors in biopsy techniques
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - 1365-2281 .- 0144-5979. ; 9:4, s. 333-343
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A single biopsy is a poor estimator of the muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) for a whole human muscle because of the large variability in the fibre area within a muscle. To determine how the sampling errors in biopsy techniques can be reduced, data on the CSA of type 1 and type 2 fibres obtained from cross-sections of whole vastus lateralis muscle of young men, have been analysed statistically. To obtain a good estimate of the mean fibre CSA in a biopsy, measuring all fibres in that biopsy gives the best result. To obtain a good estimate of the mean fibre CSA for a whole muscle, the number of biopsies has a much greater influence on the sampling error than the number of fibres measured in each biopsy, but the number of biopsies needed to obtain a given sampling error can vary by a factor of two. If the fibre CSA in three or more biopsies is measured, it is sufficient to measure only 25 fibres in each biopsy. If less than three biopsies are taken, there is no worthwhile reduction in sampling error when more than 100 fibres are measured. To determine the mean fibre CSA for a whole group of individuals, our preference is to maximize the number of individuals, and only take single biopsies. In conclusion, to determine the mean fibre CSA for this particular muscle with a certain precision, we suggest analysis of three biopsies, taken from different depths of the muscle, and measurement of 25 fibres in each biopsy.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Romner, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
-
Late magnetic resonance imaging related to neurobehavioral functioning after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Neurosurgery. - 0148-396X. ; 25:3, s. 390-396
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty patients who underwent early aneurysm surgery--that is, surgery within 72 hours after rupture--underwent further follow-up examination including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Significant statistical correlation between tissue loss as seen on a late MRI scan and neurobehavioral deficits could not be established. Among 9 patients with no tissue loss seen on MRI, 3 exhibited substantial cognitive dysfunction and 6 had mild impairment. Three patients showed minor but corresponding tissue loss and deficits. In 3 patients with pronounced pathological indications on MRI, evidence of cognitive dysfunction was absent in 2, and 1 patient showed substantial impairment. The remaining 5 individuals displayed moderate pathological indications on MRI, with no obvious correspondence to cognitive functioning. In 7 patients, small white matter lesions, probably silent infarcts not seen on computed tomographic scan, were discovered on MRI. There was a clear relationship between arterial hypertension prior to aneurysm rupture and the extent of tissue loss seen on MRI. Absence of pathological findings on MRI scan did not exclude cognitive malfunctioning, and vice-versa.
|
|
| 18. |
- Sjöberg, Trygve, et al.
(författare)
-
The strong contractile effect of the thromboxane receptor agonist U-46619 in isolated human pulmonary arteries and its competitive antagonism by BM-13.505
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 136:2, s. 161-165
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ring segments (I mm in diameter) of the pulmonary artery obtained from 16 patients undergoing thoracic surgery were mounted in tissue baths. Cumulative concentration-response curves of some prostanoids and amines were obtained, and Emax and pEC50 values calculated. Noradrenaline, phenylephrine, clonidine and serotonin (5-HT) showed low intrinsic activities. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) induced strong contractions with an Emax of 126% of the preceding K+ (124 mM)-induced contraction, but its potency was low (pEC50 = 5.70). The thromboxane receptor agonists U-46619 and U-44069 induced strong contractions (Emax = 139% and 133% respectively) and were significantly more potent than the other drugs used (pEC50 = 8.43 and 8.30 respectively). The thromboxane receptor antagonist BM-13.505 (10(-8) to 10(-6) M) caused rightward parallel shifts of the U-46619 concentration-response curves without reduction of Emax, indicating competitive antagonism.
|
|
| 19. |
- Solem, Jan Otto, et al.
(författare)
-
Hemoconcentration by ultrafiltration during open-heart surgery
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5580. ; 22:3, s. 271-274
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrafiltration was used during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) with heart-lung machine in 17 critically ill cardiac patients. In ultrafiltration (hemofiltration), water and small molecules (e.g. urea, creatinine and electrolytes), are separated from the blood by hydrostatic pressure generated on the blood side of a semipermeable membrane. The patients had severe water overload for three reasons, viz. congestive heart failure (10), renal failure (6) or iatrogenic extreme hemodilution (1). On average 2090 (800-5700) ml water was filtered off, increasing the hematocrit from 25 to 33%. Three indications for ultrafiltration during ECC and two modes of such treatment are exemplified in three case reports. No negative effect of the treatment was observed. Ultrafiltration during ECC thus may help to improve the postoperative course in patients with severe water overload due to congestive heart failure, renal failure or iatrogenic extreme hemodilution.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Bergman, B, et al.
(författare)
-
Transfer of terbutaline across the human placenta in late pregnancy.
- 1984
-
Ingår i: European journal of respiratory diseases. Supplement. - 0106-4347. ; 134, s. 81-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Placental transfer of terbutaline was studied in 22 women in late pregnancy who were delivered by elective Caesarian section. A single i.v. dose of terbutaline (0.25 or 0.5 mg) was given at various times (13-295 min) before delivery. Immediately after delivery, one blood sample was drawn from the placental side of the umbilical vein and one from the mother's antecubital vein. By use of gas chromatography plus mass spectrometry terbutaline was assayed in maternal plasma and in plasma and whole blood from the umbilical vein. Plasma concentrations in the mothers (Cmv) were initially 7 micrograms/L, while the highest umbilical venous level ( Cuv ) recorded was 3.5 micrograms/L. The ratio Cuv /Cmv increased continuously during the time interval studied and approached unity after 2-3 h. The blood:plasma concentration ratio in venous umbilical blood was initially low. It reached unity after about 60 min, but increased steadily to about 1.5 during the time of study. Thus there was a continuous uptake of terbutaline from plasma into the erythrocytes. The slow in vivo equilibration of terbutaline between plasma and erythrocytes is probably due to the low lipophilicity of the drug. However, the latter characteristic did not seem to impede its diffusion across the placenta to any great degree.
|
|
| 24. |
- Blomqvist, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Early post-traumatic changes in hemodynamics and pulmonary ventilation in alcohol-pretreated pigs
- 1987
-
Ingår i: Journal of Trauma. - 0022-5282. ; 27:1, s. 40-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time relations among trauma, pulmonary and systemic circulation, and lung function were studied in pigs. Eleven animals (b.w. 25-30 kg) were investigated under balanced anesthesia. Ventilation was mechanically controlled. Hemodynamics, pulmonary ventilation, and gas exchange were serially recorded. Seven animals were pretreated with 40% ethanol in saline and four with saline only. Ninety minutes after the ingestion of alcohol or saline, the animals were subjected to a standardized soft-tissue trauma. Cardiac output decreased significantly 2 minutes after trauma and remained low in both groups throughout the observation period of 30 minutes. Pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly increased in the alcohol-pretreated group but was virtually unchanged in the control animals. Systemic vascular resistance was similarly reduced in the two groups. Total compliance was somewhat lower in alcohol-pretreated animals and 10 minutes after the trauma arterial oxygen tension was significantly lower in the alcohol group than in control animals. Carbon dioxide elimination was reduced after trauma in both groups. It is concluded that pulmonary vascular response increased and that total pulmonary compliance is somewhat decreased shortly after trauma in the alcohol group while gas exchange is almost unchanged. The results indicate a negative interaction between alcohol and trauma
|
|
| 25. |
- Jönsson, P. ‐E, et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment of malignant melanoma with dacarbazin (DTIC‐DOME) with special reference to urinary excretion of 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa
- 1980
-
Ingår i: Cancer. - 0008-543X. ; 45:2, s. 245-248
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seventeen patients were given DTIC, 200 mg/m2/day in five‐day courses every four to six weeks. In four patients (stage II) treated on an adjuvant basis, tumor recurrence has been verified in three. Four of the palliatively treated patients were also given DTIC by regional intra‐arterial infusion with minimal positive tumor effect and minimal toxicity. 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa excretion in urine was checked continuously in all patients. Tumor recurrence was revealed in two patients given DTIC on an adjuvant basis three and four months before clinical signs of tumor. In the palliatively treated patients, 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa excretion increased in 5/6 patients judged to have stable disease, before tumor progression was clinically detectable. The use of 5‐S‐cysteinyldopa examination is a valuable adjunct to the follow‐up of the effect of DTIC therapy in melanoma patients.
|
|
