| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Care planning at home: a way to increase the influence of older people?
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Integrated Care. - : Igitur, Utrecht Publishing & Archiving Services. - 1568-4156. ; 12:September
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Care-planning meetings represent a common method of needs assessment and decision-making practices in elderly care. Older people's influence is an important and required aspect of these practices. This study's objective was to describe and analyse older people's influence on care-planning meetings at home and in hospital. Methods: Ten care-planning meetings were audio-recorded in the older people's homes and nine were recorded in hospital. The study is part of a project including a comprehensive continuum-of-care model. A qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: Care-planning meetings at home appeared to enable older people's involvement in the discussions. Fewer people participated in the meetings at home and there was less parallel talking. Unrelated to the place of the care-planning meeting, the older people were able to influence concerns relating to the amount of care/service and the choice of provider. However, they were not able to influence the way the help should be provided or organised. Conclusion: Planning care at home indicated an increase in involvement on the part of the older people, but this does not appear to be enough to obtain any real influence. Our findings call for attention to be paid to older people's opportunities to receive care and services according to their individual needs and their potential for influencing their day-to-day provision of care and service.
|
|
| 3. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957
(författare)
-
Care planning at home: a way to increase the influence of older people?
- 2014
-
Ingår i: 22nd Nordic Congress of Gerontology 2014, www.22nkg.com.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Care-planning meetings represent a common method of needs assessment and decision-making practices in elderly care. Older people’s influence is an important and required aspect of these practices. Aim: This study’s aim was to describe and analyse older people’s influence on care-planning meetings at home and in hospital. Methods: Ten care-planning meetings were audio-recorded in the older people’s homes and nine were recorded in hospital. The study is part of a project including a comprehensive continuum-of-care model. A qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: Care-planning meetings at home appeared to enable older people’s involvement in the discussions. Fewer people participated in the meetings at home and there was less parallel talking. Unrelated to the place of the care-planning meeting, the older people were able to influence concerns relating to the amount of care/service and the choice of provider. However, they were not able to influence the way the help should be provided or organised. Conclusion: Planning care at home indicated an increase in involvement on the part of the older people, but this does not appear to be enough to obtain any real influence. Our findings call for attention to be paid to older people’s opportunities to receive care and services according to their individual needs and their potential for influencing their day-to-day provision of care and service.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of a care process programme on frail older people’s life satisfaction
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 6:3, s. 1097-1104
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of a full-scale implementation of a care process programme on life satisfaction among frail older people, as compared with those receiving usual care. Design: The study includes participants from a full-scale care process programme (N = 77) and participants from a historical control group (N = 66). The care process programme establishes a comprehensive continuum of care through components including case management, interprofessional teamwork and care-planning meetings in the older people's own homes. Methods: Questionnaires were used and data were collected at baseline, with follow-ups at three, six and 12 months. Results: The implementation of the full-scale care process programme had a positive effect on life satisfaction among frail older people. From 6-month–12-month follow-ups, a higher proportion of participants in the care process programme had positive life satisfaction outcomes, as compared with the historical control group.
|
|
| 6. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a continuum of care intervention on frail older persons' life satisfaction: a randomized controlled study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 24:7-8, s. 1079-1090
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives The aim of this study was to analyse effects of a comprehensive continuum of care (intervention group) on frail older persons’ life satisfaction, as compared to those receiving usual care (control group). The intervention included geriatric assessment, case management, interprofessional collaboration, support for relatives and organising of care-planning meetings in older persons’ own homes. Background Improvements in older persons’ subjective well-being have been shown in studies including care planning and coordination by a case manager. However, effects of more complex continuum of care interventions on frail older persons’ life satisfaction are not well explored. Design Randomised controlled study. Methods The validated LiSat-11 scale was used in face-to-face interviews to assess older persons’ life satisfaction at baseline and at three, six and 12 months after the baseline. The odds ratio for improving or maintaining satisfaction was compared for intervention and control groups from baseline to three-month, three- to six-month as well as six- to 12-month follow-ups. Results Older persons who received the intervention were more likely to improve or maintain satisfaction than those who received usual care, between 6 and 12 month follow-ups, for satisfaction regarding functional capacity, psychological health and financial situation. Conclusions A comprehensive continuum of care intervention comprising several components had a positive effect on frail older persons’ satisfaction with functional capacity, psychological health and financial situation. Relevance to clinical practice Frail older persons represent a great proportion of the persons in need of support from the health care system. Health care professionals need to consider continuum of care interventions’ impact on life satisfaction. As life satisfaction is an essential part of older persons’ well-being, we propose that policy makers and managers promote comprehensive continuum of care solutions.
|
|
| 7. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Older people's views of quality of care: a randomised controlled study of continuum of care
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 22:19-20, s. 2934-2944
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives To analyse frail older peoples views of quality of care when receiving a comprehensive continuum of care intervention, compared with those of people receiving the usual care (control group). The intervention included early geriatric assessment, case management, interprofessional collaboration, support for relatives and organising of care-planning meetings in older peoples own homes. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanBackground Prior studies indicate that tailored/individualised care planning conducted by a case manager/coordinator often led to greater satisfaction with care planning among older people. However, there is no obvious evidence of any effects of continuum of care interventions on older peoples views of quality of care. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanDesign Randomised controlled study. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods Items based on a validated questionnaire were used in face-to-face interviews to assess older peoples views of quality of care at three, six and 12months after baseline. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults Older people receiving a comprehensive continuum of care intervention perceived higher quality of care on items about care planning (p0005), compared with those receiving the usual care. In addition, they had increased knowledge of whom to contact about care/service, after three and 12months (pandlt;003). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions The study gives evidence of the advantages of a combination of components such as organising care-planning meetings in older peoples own homes, case management and interprofessional teamwork. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanRelevance to clinical practice The results have implications for policymakers, managers and professionals in the area of health and social care for older people to meet individual needs of frail older people.
|
|
| 8. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957
(författare)
-
Organizing integrated care for older persons: strategies in Sweden
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Oral session on 22nd International Conference on Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services, Barcelona.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ABSTRACT Introduction The increasing differentiation of welfare services, and particularly of care for older persons, calls for improved integration across the involved organizations. Older persons often have complex needs and they receive care from many different providers of health/social care and rehabilitation. There is a risk of fragmentation of responsibilities, which may result in efficiency and quality problems, such as duplications, gaps and discontinuity. This may in turn lead to concerns for the older persons, primarily dealing with unmet care needs. Purpose/methods The purpose of the study was to analyse ways of organizing integrated care for older persons in Sweden during the past decade. The data consist of 62 cases of development work, described in official reports. A meta-analysis of cases was performed, including content analysis of each case. A theoretical framework comprising different forms of integration and strategies was applied. Results The development of local health care systems constitutes an important co-operation strategy, involving new ideas about organizing integrated care. The focus includes local care, health promotion and co-operation across organizational borders. The primary element is to stimulate innovation and new organizational approaches for older persons with specific diagnoses,(e.g. stroke and heart failure), and medical specialists located outside the hospital. However, the increasing use of contracting strategies, such as consumer choice models are characterized by differentiation and less emphasis on integration. Conclusions The development of local health care systems for older persons during the past decade appeared to be a promising strategy as regards health promotion and integration. However, contracting strategies seemed to be problematic regarding integration between organizations.
|
|
| 9. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Organizing integrated care for older persons: Strategies in Sweden during the past decade
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Health Organisation & Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 29:1, s. 128-151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse ways of organizing integrated care for older persons in Sweden during the past decade. Design/methodology/approach – The data consist of 62 cases of development work, described in official reports. A meta-analysis of cases was performed, including content analysis of each case. A theoretical framework comprising different forms of integration (co-ordination, contracting, co-operation and collaboration) was applied. Findings – Co-operation was common and collaboration, including multiprofessional teamwork, was rare in the cases. Contracting can be questioned as being a form of integration, and the introduction of consumer choice models appeared problematic in inter-organization integration. Goals stated in the cases concerned steering and designing care, rather than outcome specifications for older persons. Explicit goals to improve integration in itself could imply that the organizations adapt to strong normative expectations in society. Trends over the decade comprised development of local health care systems, introduction of consumer choice models and contracting out. Research limitations/implications – Most cases were projects, but others comprised evaluations of regular organization of integrated care. These evaluations were often written normatively, but constituted the conditions for practice and were important study contributions. Practical implications – Guiding clinical practice to be aware of importance of setting follow-up goals.
|
|
| 10. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
The impact of socioeconomic conditions, social networks, and health on frail older people's life satisfaction: a cross-sectional study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Health Psychology Research. - : Open Medical Publishing. - 2420-8124. ; 4:1, s. 26-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been shown that frailty is associated with low levels of wellbeing and life satisfaction. Further exploration is needed, however, to better understand which components constitute life satisfaction for frail older people and how satisfaction is related to other life circumstances. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between frail older people's life satisfaction and their socioeconomic conditions, social networks, and health-related conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted (n=179). A logistic regression analysis was performed, including life satisfaction as the dependent variable and 12 items as independent variables. Four of the independent variables made statistically significant contributions: financial situation (OR 3.53), social contacts (OR 2.44), risk of depression (OR 2.26), and self rated health (OR 2.79). This study demonstrates that financial situation, self-rated health conditions and social networks are important components for frail older people's life satisfaction. Health and social care professionals and policy makers should consider this knowledge in the care and service for frail older people; and actions that benefit life satisfaction such as social support should be promoted.
|
|
| 11. |
- Böling, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
-
No ordinary consultation : a qualitative inquiry of hospital palliative care consultation services
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Health Organization and Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266. ; 34:6, s. 621-638
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Considering the great need for palliative care in hospitals, it is essential for hospital staff to havepalliative care knowledge. Palliative consultations have been shown to have positive effects on in-hospital care.However, barriers to contact with and uptake of palliative consultation advice are reported, posing a need forfurther knowledge about the process of palliative consultations. The purpose of this study therefore was toexamine how palliative consultations in hospitals are practised, as perceived by consultants and health careprofessionals on receiving wards.Design/methodology/approach – Focus groups with palliative care consultation services, health carepersonnel from receiving wards and managers of consultation services. Interpretive description and constantcomparative method guided the analysis.No ordinaryconsultationThe authors would like to thank participating colleagues for sharing their knowledge and experiencesabout palliative consultations.Ethics approval and consent to participate: The project received ethical approval from the SwedishEthical Review Authority, No. 809–16. Informed consent preceded participation for all of the participants.Consent for publication: Not applicable.Availability of data and material: The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are notpublicly available due to the inclusion of potentially sensitive individual data about health status. Theethical approval includes a statement that the data will be kept in a private repository but are availablefromthe corresponding author on reasonable request.Funding: Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg.Authors' contributions: JO, HB and JB planned the study. All authors conducted focus group €interviews. Analysis and interpretation of focus group data was performed by SB with support from JO, €HB and JB. SB wrote the first draft of the manuscript, JO, HB and JB commented on the manuscript and €contributed to the final version. The final manuscript was read and approved by all authors.Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available on Emerald Insight at:https://www.emerald.com/insight/1477-7266.htmReceived 14 April 2020Revised 24 June 2020Accepted 2 July 2020Journal of Health Organization andManagement© Emerald Publishing Limited1477-7266DOI 10.1108/JHOM-04-2020-0130Findings – Variations were seen in several aspects of practice, including approach to practice and representedprofessions. The palliative consultants were perceived to contribute by creating space for palliative care,adding palliative knowledge and approach, enhancing cooperation and creating opportunity to amelioratetransition. Based on a perception of carrying valuable perspectives and knowledge, a number of consultationservices utilised proactive practices that took the initiative in relation to the receiving wards.Originality/value – A lack of policy and divergent views on how to conceptualise palliative care appeared tobe associated with variations in consultation practices, tentative approaches and a bottom-up drivendevelopment. This study adds knowledge, implying theoretical transferability as to how palliative careconsultations can be practised, which is useful when designing and starting new consultation services.
|
|
| 12. |
- Böling, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Rethinking Consultation - Investigating the Perceived Work Models of a Palliative Consultation Team
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Palliative Medicine : A Multiprofessional Journal. Vol. 32, Suppl. 1. Abstract PO38. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2163 .- 1477-030X.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Previous research has shown that palliative consultation in hospital contexts sometimes face multifaceted challenges. Possibly creat- ing barriers between the consulting team and patients in need of palliative care. Hence, there is a need to consider how we implement and perform palliative consultation to inform future initiatives. This study is part of an ongoing project with the aim to analyse the discourse around implement- ing palliative care in a hospital context. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify and analyse various work models applied in a hospital context by a palliative consultation team. Method: Repeated focus group discussions with a palliative consultation team and its managers. A total of six focus group discussions were held from April 2016 to June 2017. The focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was read and analysed; identifying and categorising different work models. Result: According to what was expressed in the focus groups there were variations in how the consultation team operated in different hospital units and wards. Consulting as a team, consisting of a nurse, social worker and physician, was emphasised. One of the significant features was that they visited several wards on a weekly basis without receiving formal referrals beforehand. Although varying in form, the visits shared the function of being a forum for the wards to raise questions regarding palliative care relating to specific patients with palliative needs. Furthermore, during the introduction of consultation in some of the wards, the consultation team chose to designate time where a nurse from the team were present in the ward and among other things; identified patients with palliative care needs together with the ward staff and paved the way for the weekly palliative consultation.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
-
Tailored implementation of evidence-based practice in the community care for the aged - initial experiences in a collaborative project in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nordic Conference on implementation of Evidence-Based Practice 20150203-20150204 Bergen, Norge.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Evidence-based practice (EBP) appears promising in order to strengthen both interprofessional team work and the client´s involvement in his/her care processes. It is therefore of interest to implement EBP in the community care for the aged. But implementation is not always a simple and straightforward process; it may face resistance or difficulties. Factors such as usability, adaptations, barriers, fidelity, and anticipated impact need to be studied when implementing EBP in a new context. Aim: To evaluate the implementation of EBP in community health and social care for the aged in a Swedish setting. This includes the study of the implementation process as well as the impact of EBP on interprofessional teamwork and the care receivers' experiences of care quality. Methods: An explanatory case study in two urban districts in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden, where the implementation of EBP is delivered as a collaborative project with a tailored multifaceted implementation strategy. Data will be collected through documentary information, observations, focus groups, interviews, and a survey, and analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Results: The collaborative project is on-going with three facilitators using a multifaceted implementation strategy including cooperation between researchers and users, education/learning, and facilitation. Data collection has commenced. Initial experiences reveal that the introductory phase, containing time for persons involved in the collaborative project to get to know each other, each other's areas of expertise and respective organizations, took longer than expected. Also, different care-professions have experienced thus far conducted educational activities in different ways, and some express limited ability to prioritize project activities. Conclusion: The future results of this explanatory case study may be useful for gaining knowledge of and understanding the implementation of EBP in community care for the aged, and to improve the quality of care, support and rehabilitation of older persons.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Ottenvall Hammar, Isabelle, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Risk for depression affects older people's possibilities to exercise self-determination in using time, social relationships and living life as one wants : A cross-sectional study with frail older people
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Health Psychology Research. - : Pagepress Publications. - 2420-8124 .- 2281-2075. ; 6:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exercising self-determination in daily life is highly valued by older people. However, being in the hands of other people may challenge the older people's possibilities to exercise self-determination in their daily life. Among frail older people living in Sweden, risk for depression is highly predominant. There is a knowledge gap regarding if, and how having a risk of depression affects older people's self-determination. The objective was, therefore, to explore if, and in that case how, frail older people's self-determination is affected by the risk of depression. In this cross-sectional, secondary data analysis, with 161 communitydwelling frail older people, simple logistic regression models were performed to explore the association between self-determination, the risk of depression and demographic variables. The findings showed that risk for depression and reduced self-determination were significantly associated in the dimensions: use of time (P=0.020), social relationship (P=0.003), help and support others (P=0.033), and the overall self-determination item (P=0.000). Risk for depression significantly affected self-determination in use of time (OR=3.04, P=0.014), social relationship (OR=2.53, P=0.011), and overall self-determination (OR=6.17, P=0.000). This point out an increased need of strengthening healthcare professionals' perspectives, and attitudes towards a self-determined, friendly, and person-centred dialogue.
|
|
| 19. |
- Silverglow, Anastasia, et al.
(författare)
-
What constitutes feeling safe at home? A qualitative interview study with frail older people receiving home care
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley. - 2054-1058. ; 8:1, s. 191-199
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To highlight experiences of what constitutes feeling safe at home among frail older people receiving home care. Design: Qualitative descriptive study. Methods: The sample consists of 12 individual recorded interviews with frail older people in their homes. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using qualitative content analysis. The data collection was performed in spring 2018. Results: The analysis resulted in three categories: "Having a feeling of'at-homeness'" describes the older people's surrounding environment and their efforts to maintain independence; "being able to influence" describes the importance for older people to shape their care by being in control and having an opportunity for self-determination in the context of home care; and "being able to trust staff" relates to expecting staff's knowledge and skills and to appreciating the staff's ability to create positive relations.
|
|
| 20. |
- Sköld, Birgitta, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kvinnors företagande i landsbygdskommuner med fokus på Småland och Öland : en kvantitativ kartläggning inom ramen för forskningsprojektet "Kvinnors företagande för en levande landsbygd"
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En livskraftig landsbygd med tillgång till arbetskraft, arbetstillfällen och välfärdsservice är en aktuell samhällsfråga. Företagandets omfattning på landsbygden är en aspekt som kan ha betydelse för landsbygdskommunernas sårbarhet. Syftet med rapporten är att utveckla kunskap om kvinnors entreprenörskap på landsbygden, som kan ligga till grund för att stimulera landsbygdsutveckling, jämställdhet och vidare forskning, exempelvis genom kvalitativa forskningsmetoder.Med hjälp av en databasstudie beskrivs och analyseras omfattningen och karaktären av kvinnors företagande på landsbygden. Till viss del studeras också likheter och skillnader i företagandet mellan kvinnor födda i Sverige och kvinnor födda utomlands, samt mellan kvinnor och män.Företagandet är mer omfattande bland de sysselsatta kvinnorna på landsbygden än bland de sysselsatta kvinnorna i tätorterna. Skillnaderna i omfattningen av kvinnors företagande är små mellan olika typer av landsbygdskommuner – de som är avlägset belägna, mycket avlägset belägna eller belägna nära en större stad. Resultaten indikerar snarare att det är kommunernas företagskaraktär eller tradition av företagande som avgör andelen företagare per sysselsatta. Kartläggningen pekar mot att arbetslöshet kan vara ett incitament för företagande – något starkare för de utlandsfödda kvinnorna än för kvinnorna födda i Sverige. Skogsförvaltning och blandat jordbruk är bland de vanligaste näringsgrenarna för både kvinnor och män på landsbygden. I övrigt är dock företagandet mycket könssegregerat med avseende på bransch. De tio vanligaste näringsgrenarna för kvinnor och män skiljer sig markant åt. Kvinnors företag är mest representerade i Hår- och kroppsvård, Restaurangverksamhet, Redovisning och bokföring, Konsultverksamhet avseende företags organisation, Fysioterapeutisk verksamhet samt Litterärt och konstnärligt skapande. Mäns vanligaste näringsgrenar är mer relaterade till landsbygdens kontext av mark- och naturresurser. Kvinnors företag är små, 76 procent är soloföretag och lönsamheten varierar stort. De näringsgrenar där kvinnors företag redovisar högst lönsamhet är i de numerärt mansdominerade näringsgrenarna inom tillverkningsindustrin. Resultaten indikerar därmed könssegregering och hierarki med avseende på arbets- och resursfördelning.Kvinnor på landsbygden är mer benägna att vara företagare än anställda om de är gifta, har hemmavarande barn eller en utbildningsnivå lägre än den eftergymnasiala. Det kan tolkas som att företagandet är en lösning för att kombinera arbetsliv med ansvar för hem och barn. De företagande kvinnornas disponibla inkomster är i genomsnitt lägre än för kvinnor med anställning, för män som är företagare och för män med anställning. Att vara gift innebär för kvinnor en lägre disponibel inkomst, men för män en högre disponibel inkomst jämfört med att att inte vara gift. Resultaten visar dock att det inte är de individrelaterade faktorerna som mest bidrar till skillnader i disponibel inkomst, utan, näringsgren och antalet sysselsatta. Manligt könskodade näringsgrenar och stora företag ger högre inkomst. Den övergripande slutsatsen är att företagandet på landsbygden är traditionellt könssegregerat och hierarkiserat, i fråga om resursfördelning.
|
|
| 21. |
- Tillmar, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Women's rural businesses : for economic viability or gender equality? – a database study from the Swedish context
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1756-6266 .- 1756-6274. ; 14:3, s. 323-351
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and discuss to what extent and why women's entrepreneurship contributes to rural economic viability and gender equality in an advanced welfare state. Design/methodology/approach The authors use detailed register data to explore men's and women's rural businesses in the most common industries for rural women entrepreneurs in the Swedish welfare state. Based on a literature review, the authors develop hypotheses and analyse how family, business and industry factors influence earnings. Findings Women's rural entrepreneurship is important for rural viability, as women's businesses provide a wide range of services necessary for life in rural areas. Although women's rural businesses are not significantly smaller than those of men, women's income is lower and more sensitive to business and industry variables. Marriage has positive effects for the earnings of men but negative effects for the earnings of women. The authors argue that the results are contingent on the gendering of entrepreneurship and industries, as well as on the local rural gender contracts. For these reasons, the importance of women entrepreneurs for rural viability is not reflected in their own incomes. Hence, women's rural entrepreneurship does not result in (economic) gender equality. Originality/value Entrepreneurship scholars rarely explore women's rural entrepreneurship, and particularly not in the Global North or Western welfare states. Therefore, this empirical study from Sweden provides novel information on how the gender order on the business, industry and family levels influences the income of men and women entrepreneurs differently.
|
|
