| 1. |
- Campbell, L, et al.
(författare)
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Interference between extrinsic and intrinsic losses in x-ray absorption fine structure
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. - 1550-235X. ; 65:6, s. 1-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interference between extrinsic and intrinsic losses in x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) is treated within a Green's-function formalism, without explicit reference to final states. The approach makes use of a quasiboson representation of excitations and perturbation theory in the interaction potential between electrons and quasibosons. These losses lead to an asymmetric broadening of the main quasiparticle peak plus an energy-dependent satellite in the spectral function. The x-ray absorption spectra (XAS) is then given by a convolution of an effective spectral function over a one-electron cross section. It is shown that extrinsic and intrinsic losses tend to cancel near excitation thresholds, and correspondingly, the strength in the main peak increases. At high energies, the theory crosses over to the sudden approximation. These results thus explain the observed weakness of multielectron excitations in XAS. The approach is applied to estimate the many-body corrections to XAFS, beyond the usual mean-free path, using a phasor summation over the spectral function. The asymmetry of the spectral function gives rise to an additional many-body phase shift in the XAFS formula.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Figge, Frank, et al.
(författare)
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The Sustainability Balanced Scorecard - linking sustainability management to business strategy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0964-4733 .- 1099-0836. ; 11:5, s. 269-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Balanced Scorecard of Kaplan and Norton is a management tool that supports the successful implementation of corporate strategies. It has been discussed and considered widely in both practice and research. By linking operational and non-financial corporate activities with causal chains to the firm's long-term strategy, the Balanced Scorecard supports the alignment and management of all corporate activities according to their strategic relevance. The Balanced Scorecard makes it possible to take into account non-monetary strategic success factors that significantly impact the economic success of a business. The Balanced Scorecard is thus a promising starting-point to also incorporate environmental and social aspects into the main management system of a firm. Sustainability management with the Balanced Scorecard helps to overcome the shortcomings of conventional approaches to environmental and social management systems by integrating the three pillars of sustainability into a single and overarching strategic management tool. After a brief discussion of the different possible forms of a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard the article takes a closer look at the process and steps of formulating a Sustainability Balanced Scorecard for a business unit. Before doing so, the basic conventional approach of the Balanced Scorecard and its suitability for sustainability management will be outlined in brief.
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| 4. |
- Wong, KLM, et al.
(författare)
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Tale of 22 cities: utilisation patterns and content of maternal care in large African cities
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 7:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globally, the majority of births happen in urban areas. Ensuring that women and their newborns benefit from a complete package of high-quality care during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period present specific challenges in large cities. We examine health service utilisation and content of care along the maternal continuum of care (CoC) in 22 large African cities.MethodsWe analysed data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) since 2013 in any African country with at least one city of≥1 million inhabitants in 2015. Women with live births from survey clusters in the most populous city per country were identified. We analysed 17 indicators capturing utilisation, sector and level of health facilities and content of three maternal care services: antenatal care (ANC), childbirth care and postnatal care (PNC), and a composite indicator capturing completion of the maternal CoC. We developed a categorisation of cities according to performance on utilisation and content within maternal CoC.ResultsThe study sample included 25 326 live births reported by 19 217 women. Heterogeneity in the performance in the three services was observed across cities and across the three services within cities. ANC utilisation was high (>85%); facility-based childbirth and PNC ranged widely, 77%–99% and 29%–94%, respectively. Most cities showed inconsistent levels of utilisation and content across the maternal CoC, Cotonou and Accra showed relatively best and Nairobi and Ndjamena worst performance.ConclusionThis exploratory analysis showed that many DHS can be analysed on the level of large African cities to provide actionable information about the utilisation and content of the three maternal health services. Our comparative analysis of 22 cities and proposed typology of best and worst-performing cities can provide a starting point for extracting lessons learnt and addressing critical gaps in maternal health in rapidly urbanising contexts.
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| 5. |
- Yego, Faith H, et al.
(författare)
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A case-control study of risk factors for fetal and early neonatal deaths in a tertiary hospital in Kenya
- 2014
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Ingår i: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2393 .- 1471-2393. ; 14, s. 389-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIt is important to understand the risk factors for fetal and neonatal mortality which is a major contributor to high under five deaths globally. Fetal and neonatal mortality is a sensitive indicator of maternal health in society. This study aimed to examine the risk factors for fetal and early neonatal mortality at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya.MethodsThis was a case-control study. Cases were fetal and early neonatal deaths (n¿=¿200). The controls were infants born alive immediately preceding and following the cases (n¿=¿400). Bivariate comparisons and multiple logistic regression analyses were undertaken.ResultsThe odds of having 0-1 antenatal visits relative to 2-3 visits were higher for cases than controls (AOR=4.5; 95% CI: 1.2-16.7; p=0.03). There were lower odds among cases of having a doctor rather than a midwife as a birth attendant (OR¿=¿0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.6; p¿<¿0.01). The odds of mothers having Premature Rupture of Membranes (OR¿=¿4.1; 95% CI: 1.4-12.1; p¿=¿0.01), haemorrhage (OR¿=¿4.8; 95% CI: 1.1-21.9; p¿=¿0.04) and dystocia (OR¿=¿3.6; 95% CI: 1.2-10.9; p¿=¿0.02) were higher for the cases compared with the controls. The odds of gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR¿=¿7.0; 95% CI 2.4-20.4) and above 42 weeks (OR¿=¿16.2; 95% CI 2.8-92.3) compared to 37-42 weeks, were higher for cases relative to controls (p¿<¿0.01). Cases had higher odds of being born with congenital malformations (OR¿=¿6.3; 95% CI: 1.2-31.6; p¿=¿0.04) and with Apgar scores of below six at five minutes (OR¿=¿26.4; 95% CI: 6.1-113.8; p¿<¿0.001).ConclusionInterventions that focus on educating mothers on antenatal attendance, screening, monitoring and management of maternal conditions during the antenatal period should be strengthened. Doctor attendance at each birth and for emergency admissions is important to ensure early neonatal survival and avert potential risk factors for mortality.
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| 6. |
- Winker, Henning
(författare)
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Good practices for surplus production models
- 2024
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Ingår i: Fisheries Research. - 0165-7836 .- 1872-6763. ; 275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surplus production models (SPMs) have a long history in fisheries ecology and are important for the assessment and management of marine species and stocks. However, the implementation, application, and usage of these models vary across regions and case studies. Good practice guidelines can streamline modelling workflows, inform the acceptance or rejection of an assessment, and facilitate the derivation of management advice from accepted assessments. This paper discusses current practices in the application of SPMs and proposes good practice guidelines for their use in stock assessment. We complement our recommendations with results from a simulation study examining the performance of an age-based operating model and a SPM assessment model under 60 scenarios with various assumptions regarding data quantity, quality, and model priors. We provide specific good practice guidelines for two widely used state-space SPMs: SPiCT and JABBA. Finally, we discuss current limitations and suggest avenues for future developments for SPMs.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Mills, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing meaning from online user discussions about brands : A study of comments in response to luxury advertisements on YouTube
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Sustainable Global Marketplace. - : The Academy of Marketing Science. - 0939783363 ; , s. 398-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Internet and how consumers make use of it is constantly changing. The Internet has evolved from an information retrieval source to a place of interactivity, and a place for dialogue from one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many. Many term the Internet today “Web 2.0.” As one of many social platforms of Web 2.0, the use of video as a means of online communication is gaining increasing popularity among Internet users. Video publishing is no longer accessible solely to trained and skilled videographers; assisted by the development of inexpensive and user-friendly media software, consumers are now creating their own content. The accessibility of video publishing, combined with the network effects of video-driven social media platforms such as YouTube, is changing the advertising landscape. This paper discusses Consumer Generated Advertising (CGA), where consumers create brand messages independent of the brands themselves in order to persuade, inform or remind fellow consumers. Because of the anonymity, visibility and interactivity of online CGA, consumer dialogues and market conversations are difficult to interpret through traditional advertising research methods (surveys, ratings services, etc). However, there may be an opportunity for brand managers to capitalize on Web 2.0 to gain valuable insight into the ways consumers interact with their brands. In this exploratory study, we make use of the content analysis software Leximancer to make sense of and measure consumer feedback around conversations on CGA. We study consumer comments posted on You Tube in response to three video advertisements in order to draw meaningful trends and insights from the large volume of seemingly disorganized consumer discussion
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| 10. |
- Matar, Amal, et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives of Egyptian Research Ethics Committees regarding Their Effective Functioning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1556-2646 .- 1556-2654. ; 8:1, s. 32-44
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent increase in research in the Middle East has been associated with the establishment of research ethics committees (RECs). Our aim was to obtain perspectives of RECs regarding the challenges that impede their effective functioning. We conducted in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. We transcribed and analyzed the interviews to uncover major themes and subthemes. We identified the following themes: membership composition; training needs of members; availability of human and capital resources; role of the national government; concerns with the informed consent process; government scrutiny of research; investigator-related issues; and concerns with transfer of biological samples to other countries. Our interview study revealed several barriers that need to be considered by appropriate stakeholders to enhance adequate functioning of RECs.
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| 11. |
- Michaëlsson, Madeleine, 1968-
(författare)
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John i bruksskolan
- 2021
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Ingår i: En resa genom skolans historia. - Uppsala : Uppsala University. - 9789186701048 ; , s. 51-57-
-
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Hur var det egentligen att gå i skola förr i tiden? I den här boken får du träffa tolv elever som gick i en skola som inte var som skolan är idag. Det är berättelser om både tjejer och killar, en del fattiga och en del rika. Den första berättelsen handlar om 1600-talet och den sista om 1980-talet. Gemensamt för alla berättelser är att de är skrivna av personer som forskat om skolans historia och som är experter på den tid de skriver om.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Bojarova, Jelena, et al.
(författare)
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The EKTF rescaling scheme in HIRLAM
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series A, Dynamic meteorology and oceanography. - : Stockholm University Press. - 0280-6495 .- 1600-0870. ; 63:3, s. 685-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ETKF rescaling scheme has been implemented into the HIRLAM forecasting system in order to estimate the uncertainty of the model state. The main purpose is to utilize this uncertainty information for modelling of flow-dependent background error covariances within the framework of a hybrid variational ensemble data assimilation scheme. The effects of rank-deficiency in the ETKF formulation is explained and the need for variance inflation as a way to compensate for these effects is justified. A filter spin-up algorithm is proposed as a refinement of the variance inflation. The proposed spin-up algorithm will also act to prevent ensemble collapse since the ensemble will receive ‘fresh blood’ in the form of additional perturbation components, generated on the basis of a static background error covariance matrix. The resulting ETKF-based ensemble perturbations are compared with ensemble perturbations based on targeted singular vectors and are shown to have more realistic spectral characteristics.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Sousa, Ronaldo, et al.
(författare)
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Fouling of European freshwater bivalves (Unionidae) by the invasive zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 56:5, s. 867-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) is well known for its invasive success and its ecological and economic impacts. Of particular concern has been the regional extinction of North American freshwater mussels (Order Unionoida) on whose exposed shells the zebra mussels settle. Surprisingly, relatively little attention has been given to the fouling of European unionoids.2. We investigated interspecific patterns in fouling at six United Kingdom localities between 1998 and 2008. To quantify the effect on two pan-European unionoids (Anodonta anatina and Unio pictorum), we used two measures of physiological status: tissue mass : shell mass and tissue glycogen content.3. The proportion of fouled mussels increased between 1998 and 2008, reflecting the recent, rapid increase in zebra mussels in the U.K. Anodonta anatina was consistently more heavily fouled than U. pictorum and had a greater surface area of shell exposed in the water column.4. Fouled mussels had a lower physiological condition than unfouled mussels. Unlike tissue mass : shell mass ratio, tissue glycogen content was independent of mussel size, making it a particularly useful measure of condition. Unio pictorum showed a stronger decline in glycogen with increasing zebra mussel load, but had a broadly higher condition than A. anatina at the time of study (July).5. Given the high conservation status and important ecological roles of unionoids, the increased spatial distribution and fouling rates by D. polymorpha in Europe should receive more attention.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Clark, Brendon, et al.
(författare)
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Project-in-a-day: From Concept Mock-ups to Business at Play
- 2011. - 15
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Ingår i: Participatory Innovation Conference Proceedings. - : University of Southern Denmark. ; , s. 143-149
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In innovation work that spans various professional contexts, there is an overreliance upon verbal explanations and one-way presentations, as opposed to demonstrating, trying and performing. Organizing project teams across organizations and professional competencies relies upon creating active collaborative activities that allow participants to both move forward with the project, while reflecting upon how they work together. Innovation work involves not only discovering what could be possible, but also bringing novel solutions into practice, and driving the business to get them there. This contribution seeks to explore how staged role-play activities can raise practice-specific issues. The authors argue that by staging prospective project trajectories, especially at the outset of a project, the partner team members have the opportunity to orient their future actions according to potential desired and undesired futures.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Oro, R., et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing the synthesis of ultrafine tungsten carbide powders by effective combinations of carbon sources and atmospheres
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-4368 .- 2213-3917. ; 63, s. 9-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanostructured WC powders can provide technologically attractive properties due to the fine microstructures obtained after sintering. Either W or WO3 powders are used for the industrial production of WC. In both cases, the contact area between carbon and tungsten precursors has a critical influence on the reaction temperatures, which in turn affects grain growth and agglomeration of particles. Different methods have been studied to increase the reaction rates by enhancing the contact between reactants: carbon coating of tungsten powder, solid-gas reactions of tungsten powders with atmospheres containing CH4, or mechanical activation followed by thermal activation of tungsten and carbon precursors. In this work WC-powders were obtained by mechanical activation of tungsten and carbon precursors followed by thermal activation of these mixes at temperatures up to 1100 °C. A systematic study has been carried out combining two dissimilar carbon sources (graphite and carbon black), with different atmosphere compositions (Ar, Ar-50H2, Ar-10CO) and studying the evolution of phases at different stages of the synthesis. The results show how the efficiency of the interaction between carbon sources and atmospheres affects the completion of the synthesis. The synthesis of WC from WO3 in H2 containing atmospheres is enhanced when using carbon black sources, however in CO containing atmospheres the most effective interaction is with graphite.
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| 21. |
- Phan, Hoc, et al.
(författare)
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Beamforming Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks With Feedback Delay and Interference
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Signal Processing Letters. - : IEEE. - 1070-9908 .- 1558-2361. ; 19:1, s. 16-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this letter, we investigate the effect of feedback delay on the performance of a dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) relay network with beamforming in the presence of multiple interferers over Rayleigh fading channels. Specifically, we derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP) and the symbol error rate (SER). Furthermore, to render insights into the effect of feedback delay and interference on the network performance, asymptotic OP and SER are also presented. These asymptotic expressions are very tight in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime, readily enabling us to obtain the diversity and coding gains of the considered network.
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| 22. |
- Wang, Zhao, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical and structural factors influencing enzymatic saccharification of wood from aspen, birch and spruce
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 109, s. 125-134
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The susceptibility of untreated and sulfuric-acid-pretreated aspen, birch, and spruce to analytical enzymatic saccharification was studied in relation to their chemical composition and physical-structural features. The analytical data collected covered the mass fractions of lignin, carbohydrates, and extractives, the release of acetic acid, formic acid, and uronic acids by acid and alkaline hydrolysis, crystallinity and crystallite size, syringyl: guaiacyl (S:G) ratio of lignin, cellulose accessibility, FTIR spectra, images from SEM and fluorescence microscopy, and susceptibility to enzymatic saccharification using enzyme mixtures with and without supplementary xylanase.In the absence of pretreatment the mass fraction yield of Glc on the original dry wood in the analytical enzymatic saccharification increased in the order birch (16 g kg−1) < spruce (35 g kg−1) < aspen (150 g kg−1). After acid pretreatment, the order changed to spruce (170 g kg−1) < aspen (290 g kg−1), birch (290 g kg−1). The relatively high recalcitrance of untreated birch was not possible to relate to mass fraction of lignin, S:G ratio, cellulose crystallinity, or mass fraction of acetyl, but rather to structural features, such as a more compact surface structure with high density and low cellulose accessibility. The relatively high sugar yields from both untreated and pretreated aspen suggest that aspen wood is well suited as feedstock for production of liquid biofuels and green chemicals in forest-based biorefineries.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Ghoshal, Arunangshu, et al.
(författare)
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Serum biomarkers to predict risk of testicular and penile cancer in AMORIS
- 2017
-
Ingår i: ecancermedicalscience. - : CANCER INTELLIGENCE LTD. - 1754-6605. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate the association between commonly measured serum biomarkers of inflammation and penile and testicular cancer risk in the Swedish Apolipoprotein-related MORtality RISk (AMORIS) study.Materials and methods: A total of 205,717 subjects had baseline measurements of C-reactive protein, albumin, and haptoglobin. The association between quartiles and dichotomised values of inflammatory markers and penile and testicular cancer risk were analysed by using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.Results: A total of 125 men were diagnosed with testicular cancer and 50 with penile cancer during a mean follow-up of 20.3 years. No statistically significant trends were seen between serum inflammatory markers and risk of penile cancer, but higher albumin levels increased the risk of testicular cancer [HR for albumin (g/L): 1.10 (95% CI: 1.03-1.18)]. However, this trend was not observed when using medical cut-offs of albumin.Conclusions: In the present study, we did not find support for an association between commonly used markers of inflammation and risk of testicular or penile cancer. The role of inflammation may be more complicated and require assessment of more specialised measurements of inflammation in future studies.
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| 25. |
- Joshi, Abhishek, 1985
(författare)
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Electrical Characterisations of Bearings
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mechanical bearings are an integral part of industry, and are used in various places in order to reduce friction between two interacting surfaces and are used to transmit power and loads. Mechanical bearings are one of the most extensively used components within the wind industry, but on the other hand they are also one of the most dominantly failing failed components. In order to increase the feasibility of wind energy, and to make the wind power more sustainable, a reduction in operation and maintenance cost of wind energy is important. The failures in bearings in the wind energy sector and other industries increased after the introduction of switched power electronic switches (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors, or IGBT) within the power converters. The reasons of early failures have been linked to the presence of a common mode voltage at the neutral of the converter and its coupling on the shaft, where the bearings are located. The system is also vulnerable to different types of bearing currents, which are discussed in this report. A small voltage in range of 10's of volts could lead to large electric-field stress of 30 to 40 V/µm in a bearing depending on nominal film thickness at the operating point. The build-up of large electric field stresses in the bearing leads to ohmic electrical conduction through the bearing. Presently, the mitigation techniques mainly discharge the voltage across the bearing by providing a low resistance path for the flowing current using different methods, such as carbon brushes, or shaft rings, but damages due to bearing current activity and early failures still exist. Another way to mitigate bearing currents is to use filters in the electrical connections, to obstruct or to reduce the amplitude of the bearing currents, but they fail to completely eliminate them. The use of insulating coating on surfaces of the bearing and ceramic rolling elements helps to provide a high resistive path for the current in case of DC voltage, but act capacitively and let the current pass through the bearing when high frequency circulating type bearing currents flow in the system. Nevertheless, to device a successful mitigation technique, it is important to fully understand the electrical breakdown and discharge activity within the bearing’s insulation (i.e., the lubricating film) along with electrical properties of the bearing during running conditions. In our research, we have focused on understanding the electrical properties of the mechanical bearing at different operating conditions and elaborating it through an electrical circuit model. The components of this electrical circuit model are found out experimentally through different laboratory tests. The mechanical bearing is sometimes found to behave as an insulator of electricity and is hence characterizecharacterised by an impedance during the ‘Insulating state’ of the bearing in the model. The impedance in this insulating state is further categorized as a parallel combination of a resistor and a capacitor (parallel RC branch), which corresponds to the ‘real’ and ‘imaginary’ part of the measured bearing impedance. Furthermore, when the bearing enters in into a partial breakdown state, the voltage across the bearing is ‘discharged’, resulting in flow of current through the bearing until the voltage across the bearing again recovers. The Electrical electrical characterization characterisation of bearing lubricants has been performed in order to find out the relevant electrical properties, such as relative permittivity, electrical conductivity and electric breakdown strength at rather short gaps. The electrical behaviorbehaviour of the mechanical bearing at different operating conditions such as rotational speed, mechanical load along with magnitude, frequency and shape of applied voltage has been found out experimentally in order to understand and elucidate the electrical properties of a mechanical bearing in operation.
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| 26. |
- Spégel, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Unique and Shared Metabolic Regulation in Clonal β-cells and Primary Islets Derived from Rat Revealed by Metabolomics Analysis.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 156:6, s. 1995-2005
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As models for β-cell metabolism, rat islets are, to some extent, a, heterogeneous cell-population stressed by the islet isolation procedure, while rat-derived clonal β-cells exhibit a tumor-like phenotype. To describe to what extent either of these models reflect normal cellular metabolism, we compared metabolite profiles and gene expression in rat islets and the INS-1 832/13 line, a widely used clonal β-cell model. We found that insulin secretion and metabolic regulation provoked by glucose were qualitatively similar in these β-cell models. However, rat islets exhibited a more pronounced glucose-provoked increase of glutamate, glycerol-3-phosphate, succinate and lactate levels while INS-1 832/13 cells showed a higher glucose-elicited increase in glucose-6-phosphate, alanine, isocitrate, and α-ketoglutarate levels. Glucose induced a decrease in levels of γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) and aspartate in rat islets and INS-1 832/13 cells, respectively. Genes with cellular functions related to proliferation and the cell cycle were more highly expressed in the INS-1 832/13 cells. Most metabolic pathways that were differentially expressed included GABA metabolism, in line with altered glucose responsiveness of GABA. Also, lactate dehydrogenase A, which is normally expressed at low levels in mature β-cells, was more abundant in rat islets than in INS-1 832/13 cells, confirming the finding of elevated glucose-provoked lactate production in the rat islets. Overall, our results suggest that metabolism in rat islets and INS-1 832/13 cells is qualitatively similar, albeit with quantitative differences. Differences may be accounted for by cellular heterogeneity of islets and proliferation of the INS-1 832/13 cells.
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| 27. |
- Weinkauf, Tino, 1974-
(författare)
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On the (Un)Suitability of Strict Feature Definitions for Uncertain Data
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scientific Visualization. - : Springer.
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We discuss strategies to successfully work with strict feature definitions such as topology in the presence of noisy/uncertain data. To that end, we review previous work from the literature and identify three strategies: the development of fuzzy analogs to strict feature definitions, the aggregation of features, and the filtering of features. Regarding the latter, we will present a detailed discussion of filtering ridges/valleys and topological structures.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Jiang, Xiaoqing, et al.
(författare)
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A solution-processable copper(II) phthalocyanine derivative as a dopant-free hole-transporting material for efficient and stable carbon counter electrode-based perovskite solar cells
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 5:34, s. 17862-17866
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A solution-processable copper(II) phthalocyanine derivative coded as CuPc-TIPS has been synthesized and adopted as a hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), in combination with a mixed-ion perovskite absorber and a low-cost carbon cathode. Optimised PSC devices based on pristine CuPc-TIPS without any additives or dopants show a decent power conversion efficiency of 14.0% (measured at 100 mW cm(-2) illumination, AM 1.5G), together with a good long-termstability under ambient conditions. The present finding highlights the potential of solution-processed copper phthalocyanine derivative-based HTMs for the development of efficient and stable PSCs in the future.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Meyer, GM, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple stage MS in analysis of plasma, serum, urine and in vitro samples relevant to clinical and forensic toxicology
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bioanalysis. - : Future Science Ltd. - 1757-6199 .- 1757-6180. ; 8:5, s. 457-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reviews MS approaches applied to metabolism studies, structure elucidation and qualitative or quantitative screening of drugs (of abuse) and/or their metabolites. Applications in clinical and forensic toxicology were included using blood plasma or serum, urine, in vitro samples, liquids, solids or plant material. Techniques covered are liquid chromatography coupled to low-resolution and high-resolution multiple stage mass analyzers. Only PubMed listed studies published in English between January 2008 and January 2015 were considered. Approaches are discussed focusing on sample preparation and mass spectral settings. Comments on advantages and limitations of these techniques complete the review.
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| 32. |
- Rüter, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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A new system for transmission of on-line information from scene of accident and ambulances to hospitals
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1503-1438 .- 1651-3037. ; 1:2, s. 127-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The 'Swede information system' was introduced in a county with approximately 450,000 inhabitants in April 2000. The implementation of this information system, intended to be operative in major incidents and disasters, has included the introduction of new technologies as well as new standard operating procedures for both ambulance crews and hospital staff. The objective of this study was to see how this information system with digitally mediated transmission was used as a daily routine during a 2-month period, 1 year after its introduction. Methods. The Swede information system sends on-line information from ambulances to emergency wards in the county. The technique used is a LAN (local area net) for communication within the site of the accident, Mobitex® from the ambulances to a data server and from this by Internet to the hospitals. During March and April 2001 all events when an ambulance was dispatched were recorded. All cases when the system was used to notify the receiving hospital were recorded as well as all cases when the ambulance crew alerted the hospital through the alert function. All technical problems and any period of time when the system was 'out of use' were noted. Results. During the period of the study, the system was successfully used to transfer data from the scene to hospital in a total of 3353 missions, including transport of a patient from the scene to an emergency department. Of these, in 150 transports the transferred data served as a base for immediate support on arrival at the hospital that was of critical importance for primary management in the hospital. In all, 2883 different kinds of medical data were transmitted. The local help-desk was notified of problems with the system on 11 occasions; six of these were technical problems and the rest were user-related. The IS Swede system was not operational during parts of 3 days (<5%) of the time. Conclusions. Despite the introduction of new equipment and new standard operating procedures, IS Swede was accepted within the organization to a degree which could be considered operational in major incidents. Technical problems with IS Swede caused only minor disturbances during the study period.
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| 33. |
- Conter, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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PROCEEDR - Optimizing Resources for more Sustainable Noise and Safety Barriers on European Roads
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Transportation Research Procedia. - 2352-1465 .- 2352-1457. ; 72, s. 596-603
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROCEEDR aims to create tools to enable National Road Administrations to identify innovative and sustainable solutions to facilitate the transition from linear to circular economy in the field of roadside infrastructure. At the same time, high functional demand and technical performance requirements still need to be met. Therefore, the scope of PROCEEDR is to gather an overview of innovative and sustainable solutions with focus on noise and safety barriers, as well as to provide tools for selecting the most suitable and cost-effective solutions. The paper gives a general overview of the project goals and the methodology to be used, showing also the first activities performed. More detailed results will be presented at the conference in November 2022, while other project results will be presented in the frame of upcoming conferences.
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| 34. |
- Doric, A., et al.
(författare)
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UCLA PTSD reaction index for DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5): a psychometric study of adolescents sampled from communities in eleven countries
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Children and adolescents are often exposed to traumatic events, which may lead to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is therefore important for clinicians to screen for potential symptoms that can be signs of PTSD onset. PTSD in youth is a worldwide problem, thus congruent screening tools in various languages are needed. Objective: The aim of this study was to test the general psychometric properties of the Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for children and adolescents (UCLA PTSD) Reaction Index for DSM-5 (PTSD-RI-5) in adolescents, a self-report instrument intended to screen for trauma exposure and assess PTSD symptoms. Method: Data was collected from 4201 adolescents in communities within eleven countries worldwide (i.e. Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Indonesia, Montenegro, Nigeria, Palestine-Gaza, Philippines, Portugal, Romania, and Serbia). Internal consistency, discriminant validity, and a confirmatory factor analysis of a four-factor model representing the main DSM-5 symptoms of the PTSD-RI-5 were evaluated. Results: The PTSD-RI-5 total score for the entire sample shows very good reliability (alpha = .92) as well as across all countries included (alpha ranged from .90 to .94). The correlations between anxiety/depressive symptoms and the PTSD-RI-5 scores were below .70 indicating on good discriminant validity. The four-factor structure of the scale was confirmed for the total sample and data from six countries. The standardized regression weights for all items varied markedly across the countries. The lack of a common acceptable model across all countries prevented us from direct testing of cross-cultural measurement invariance. Conclusions: The four-factor structure of the PTSD-RI-5 likely represents the core PTSD symptoms as proposed by the DSM-5 criteria, but there could be items interpreted in a conceptually different manner by adolescents from different cultural/regional backgrounds and future cross-cultural evaluations need to consider this finding.
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| 35. |
- García-Calzón, Sonia, et al.
(författare)
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DNA methylation partially mediates antidiabetic effects of metformin on HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Despite metformin being used as first-line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to determine whether metformin altered DNA methylation in newlydiagnosed individuals with type 2 diabetes.Methods and Results: We found that metformin therapy is associated with altered methylation of 26 sites in blood from Scandinavian discovery and replication cohorts (FDR < 0.05), using MethylationEPIC arrays. The majority (88%) of these 26 sites were hypermethylated in patients taking metformin for similar to 3 months compared to controls, who had diabetes but had not taken any diabetes medication. Two of these blood-based methylation markers mirrored the epigenetic pattern in muscle and adipose tissue (FDR < 0.05). Four type 2 diabetes-associated SNPs were annotated to genes with differential methylation between metformin cases and controls, e.g., GRB10, RPTOR, SLC22A18AS and TH2LCRR. Methylation correlated with expression in human islets for two of these genes. Three metformin-associated methylation sites (PKNOX2, WDTC1 and MICB) partially mediate effects of metformin on follow-up HbA1c levels. When combining methylation of these three sites into a score, which was used in a causal mediation analysis, methylation was suggested to mediate up to 32% of metformin's effects on HbA1c.Conclusion: Metformin-associated alterations in DNA methylation partially mediates metformin's antidiabetic effects on HbA1c in newly-diagnosed individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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| 36. |
- Ghoshal, Biraja, et al.
(författare)
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DeepHistoClass : A Novel Strategy for Confident Classification of Immunohistochemistry Images Using Deep Learning
- 2021
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - : Elsevier. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multitude of efforts worldwide aim to create a single-cell reference map of the human body, for fundamental understanding of human health, molecular medicine, and targeted treatment. Antibody-based proteomics using immunohistochemistry (IHC) has proven to be an excellent technology for integration with large-scale single-cell transcriptomics datasets. The golden standard for evaluation of IHC staining patterns is manual annotation, which is expensive and may lead to subjective errors. Artificial intelligence holds much promise for efficient and accurate pattern recognition, but confidence in prediction needs to be addressed. Here, the aim was to present a reliable and comprehensive framework for automated annotation of IHC images. We developed a multilabel classification of 7848 complex IHC images of human testis corresponding to 2794 unique proteins, generated as part of the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) project. Manual annotation data for eight different cell types was generated as a basis for training and testing a proposed Hybrid Bayesian Neural Network. By combining the deep learning model with a novel uncertainty metric, DeepHistoClass (DHC) Confidence Score, the average diagnostic performance improved from 86.9% to 96.3%. This metric not only reveals which images are reliably classified by the model, but can also be utilized for identification of manual annotation errors. The proposed streamlined workflow can be developed further for other tissue types in health and disease and has important implications for digital pathology initiatives or large-scale protein mapping efforts such as the HPA project.
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| 37. |
- Michaëlsson, Madeleine, 1968-
(författare)
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Kritiska rön om ADHD-diagnostisering. Rapport från ESSHC-konferensen i Glasgow 2012.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - Stockholm. - 0037-833X. ; 90:3, s. 336-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapport från senaste European Social Science History Conference i Glasgow, där kritiska rön om ADHD-diagnostisering presenterades under rubriken: "Changing conceptions on normal childhood behaviour: International perspectives on ADHD and learning disability". Rapporten behandlar den forskning som presenterades vid konferensen om kraftigt stigande diagnostisering av ADHD, orsakerna till detta, konkurrerande perspektiv samt centrala problem som relaterades till den ökande diagnostiseringen.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ranaweera, Chathurika, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking of Optical Transport Network Design for 5G/6G Mobile Communication
- 2021
-
Ingår i: IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driven by the increasing use of emerging smart mobile applications, mobile technology is continuously and rapidly advancing towards the next generation communication systems such as 5G and 6G. However, the transport network, which needs to provide low latency and reliable connectivity between hundreds of thousands of cell sites and the network core, has not advanced at the same pace. This article provides insight into how we can solve the fundamental challenges of implementing cost-optimal transport and 5G and beyond mobile networks simultaneously while satisfying the network and user requirements irrespective of the radio access network's architecture.
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| 40. |
-
Språkrådets svensk-romska (lovari) socialordlista
- 2020. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Romska språket är ett språk med lång muntlig tradition. Språket har ofta saknat möjlighet att utveckla och sprida den terminologi som statsbärande språk har. I socialordlistorna på dialekterna arli, lovari och kelderasch har en rad facktermer inom socialförsäkringsområdet samlats. De innehåller också juridiska termer och arbetsmarknadstermer. Arbetet har utförts av ett arbetsteam med översättare med olika bakgrund, i samarbete med språkgranskare och juridiska experter.
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| 41. |
- Al-Okshi, Ayman, et al.
(författare)
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Dose optimization for assessment of periodontal structures in cone beam CT examinations
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dento-Maxillo-Facial Radiology. - : British institute of radiology. - 0250-832X .- 1476-542X. ; 46:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between dose and image quality for a dedicated dental CBCT scanner using different scanning protocols and to set up an optimal imaging protocol for assessment of periodontal structures. METHODS: Radiation dose and image quality measurements were made using 3D Accuitomo 170 (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) dental CBCT scanner. The SedentexCT IQ phantom was used to investigate the relationship between contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and dose-area product. Subjective image quality assessment was achieved using a small adult skull phantom for the same range of exposure settings. Five independent observers assessed the images for three anatomical landmarks using a three-point visual grade analysis. RESULTS: When correlating the CNR of each scanning protocol to the exposure parameters used to obtain it, CNR decreased as these parameters decreased, especially current-exposure time product. When correlating to subjective image quality, the CNR level remained acceptable when 5 mA and 17.5 s or greater was selected and 80 kV could be used without compromising the CNR. CONCLUSIONS: For a dedicated CBCT unit, changing the rotation angle from 360 degrees to 180 degrees degrades image quality. By altering tube potential and current for the 360 degrees rotation protocol, assessment of periodontal structures can be performed with a smaller dose without substantially affecting visualization.
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| 42. |
- Al-Okshi, Ayman, et al.
(författare)
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Effective dose of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the facial skeleton : a systematic review
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Journal of Radiology. - : British Institute of Radiology. - 0007-1285 .- 1748-880X. ; 88:1045
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To estimate effective dose of cone beam CT (CBCT) of the facial skeleton with focus on measurement methods and scanning protocols. Methods: A systematic review, which adhered to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) Statement, of the literature up to April 2014 was conducted. Data sources included MEDLINE®, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science. A model was developed to underpin data extraction from 38 included studies. Results: Technical specifications of the CBCT units were insufficiently described. Heterogeneity in measurement methods and scanning protocols between studies made comparisons of effective doses of different CBCT units and scanning protocols difficult. Few studies related doses to image quality. Reported effective dose varied across studies, ranging between 9.7 and 197.0 mSv for field of views (FOVs) with height #5cm, between 3.9 and 674.0 mSv for FOVs of heights 5.1–10.0 cm and between 8.8 and 1073.0 mSv for FOVs .10 cm. There was an inconsistency regarding reported effective dose of studies of the same CBCT unit with the same FOV dimensions. Conclusion: The review reveals a need for studies on radiation dosages related to image quality. Reporting quality of future studies has to be improved to facilitate comparison of effective doses obtained from examinations with different CBCT units and scanning protocols. A model with minimum data set on important parameters based on this observation is proposed. Advances in knowledge: Data important when estimating effective dose were insufficiently reported in most studies. A model with minimum data based on this observation is proposed. Few studies related effective dose to image quality.
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| 43. |
- Dawson, Victoria S., et al.
(författare)
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Further Interventions after Root Canal Treatment Are Most Common in Molars and Teeth Restored with Direct Restorations : A 10–11-Year Follow-Up of the Adult Swedish Population
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Endodontics. - : Elsevier. - 0099-2399 .- 1878-3554.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aims were to investigate 1) the frequency of nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, extraction, and further restorative treatment during a follow-up of 10–11 years after root filling and compare the frequencies according to tooth group and type of coronal restoration and 2) the timing of nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, and extraction. Methods: Data were collected from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency's register. A search for treatment codes identified teeth root filled in 2009 and the type of coronal restoration (direct, indirect, and unspecified) registered within 6 months of root filling. The root-filled teeth were followed 10–11 years, and further interventions were recorded. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: In 2009, root fillings were registered for 215,611 individuals/teeth. Nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, and extraction were undertaken in 3.5%, 1.4%, and 20% teeth, respectively. The frequency of further interventions varied with respect to tooth group and type of coronal restoration, but only slightly for endodontic retreatments. Further interventions, except for root-end surgery, were registered more often for molars and directly restored teeth (P < .001). The majority of endodontic retreatments were undertaken within 4 years, while extractions were evenly distributed over 10–11 years. Conclusions: The frequency numbers of nonsurgical retreatment and root-end surgery were low, despite 1 in 5 root-filled teeth registered as extracted. Further interventions were most common in molars and directly restored teeth. Endodontic retreatments were performed more often during the first 4 years.
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| 44. |
-
Den förnekade kunskapen. En introduktion till Robert Pfallers filosofi
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Robert Pfaller är en österrikisk filosof och kulturteoretiker med intressen som sträcker sig från epistemologi och psykoanalys, via konst och populärkultur, till ideologikritik och politik. Han ägnar sig åt frågan om ”trons form” – det vill säga inte vad vi tror på, utan hur vi tror. Pfaller kan hjälpa oss förstå sambandet mellan två aktuella tendenser i det moderna samhället: å ena sidan den av nyliberalismen pådrivna nedmonteringen av välfärdssystemen, vilken förändrar vårt samhälle och våra livsvillkor i grunden till det sämre; å andra sidan den tilltagande moralismen inom det politiska området, som fäster sig vid sådant som rökning, plastpåsar, musik på hög volym, könsstereotyper och köttätande. Pfaller gör det möjligt att i båda dessa tendenser identifiera ett narcissistiskt ”ansvarstagande” som är mer upptaget av att framställa sig själv som moraliskt högtstående, än att bereda väg för ett gott liv. Det är denna fråga – om det goda livet, och om lyckan, som Pfaller vill ge plats i den politiska debatten och i den filosofiska diskussionen. Föreliggande volym är en introduktion till Pfallers filosofi med bidrag som visar dess relevans inom områden som psykoanalys, sociologi, teologi, pedagogik och socialt arbete.
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| 45. |
- Eek, Meta N, et al.
(författare)
-
Intrathecal baclofen in dyskinetic cerebral palsy: effects on function and activity.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Developmental medicine and child neurology. - : Wiley. - 1469-8749 .- 0012-1622. ; 60:1, s. 94-99
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the effect of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) on function and activity in dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP).A retrospective cohort study of records from 25 children (15 males, 10 females; mean age 10y 11mo, SD 4y 9mo). Five were classified in Gross Motor Function Classification level IV and 20 in level V. Parents were interviewed about activities in daily life, sitting, communication, pain, sleep, and gross and fine motor function. Differences before and 1 year after ITB were graded as positive, no change, or negative. Assessments of dystonia (using the Barry-Albright Dystonia Scale) and muscle tone (Ashworth Scale) were made. Joint range of motion (ROM) was measured.Both dystonia and increased muscle tone, present in all participants before ITB, decreased after (p<0.001). Passive ROM was restricted, with no difference after. Parents reported improvements in activities in daily life (p<0.001), sitting (p<0.001), communication (p<0.001), and fine motor function (p=0.013), but no change in gross motor function. Before ITB, pain and disturbed sleep were reported. There was a reduction in pain (p=0.002) and sleep improved (p=0.004) after ITB.After ITB in individuals with dyskinetic CP, improvements were found in sitting, communication, and fine motor skills. There was a reduction in dystonia and muscle tone, and pain and sleep improved.Intrathecal baclofen can affect specific aspects of functioning in dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Sitting, communication, and fine motor function improved. Dystonia and spasticity were reduced. Pain was reduced and sleep improved.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Ferreira, Janna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Reading without speaking.
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychology. - 0020-7594 .- 1464-066X. ; 39:5-6, s. 556-556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
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| 48. |
- Kota, Hanumantha Rao, et al.
(författare)
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Minerals bioprocessing : R & D needs in mineral biobeneficiation
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hydrometallurgy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-386X .- 1879-1158. ; 104:3-4, s. 465-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microorganisms have a tremendous influence on their environment through the transfer of energy, charge, and materials across a complex biotic mineral-solution interface. The bio-modification of mineral surfaces involves the complex action of microorganism on the mineral surface. The manner, in which bacteria affect the surface reactivity and the mechanism of bacteria adsorption, is still unknown and accumulation of the primary data in this area is only starting. The bio-flotation and bio-flocculation processes concern the mineral response to the bacterium presence, which is essentially interplay between microorganism and the physicochemical properties of the mineral surface, such as the atomic and electronic structure, the net charge/potential, acid-base properties, and wettability of the surface. There is an urgent need for developing basic knowledge that would underpin biotechnological innovations in the natural resource (re)processing technologies that deliver competitive solutions.
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| 49. |
- Lambert, SA, et al.
(författare)
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The Human Transcription Factors
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-4172 .- 0092-8674. ; 175:2, s. 598-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 50. |
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