| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al.
(författare)
-
Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ekelund, Robin, et al.
(författare)
-
An empirical history
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : SVENSKA HISTORISKA FORENINGEN. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 142:3, s. 307-319
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 4. |
- Ekelund, Robin, et al.
(författare)
-
En empirisk historia [An empirical history]
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska Historiska Föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 142:3, s. 307-319
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 5. |
- Englund, Josefin, 1975-
(författare)
-
Som folk är mest : Könsideal i svenska kontaktannonser 1890–1980
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates 5,000 descriptions of men and women in search for a life partner of the opposite sex through classifieds 1890-1980. The advertisers’ descriptions of who they are and what they want sketches a picture of the expectations everyday people have had on how men and women should be over almost a hundred years. Previous accounts of 20th century gender relations are based on governmental and political materials.The bipartite structure of the personals advertisements is used methodologically to differentiate between the so-called “ego-descriptions” and the “alter-descriptions” - what the advertiser had to offer and what the advertiser wanted. Men's descriptions of themselves – ego descriptions – is compared to women's descriptions of the man – alter description –, and women’s descriptions of themselves – ego-description – is compared to men’s descriptions of women – alter description. Six categories were created to capture the content of the personal advertisements: 1) Breadwinner qualifications 2) Parenting qualifications 3) Homemaker qualifications 4) Bodily aspects 5) Leisure 6) Personal interests and qualifications.This study shows that men and women increasingly are described on the grounds of similar qualifications, and that both men and women are increasingly depicted with characteristics that earlier was coded as female. It also shows that children and the family became more important. Stability and security were highly appreciated in the beginning of the period, but gave way to values as mobility and opportunity in the late 1900’s. Both women and men shift from favouring material conditions to an increased focus on feelings and thoughts, and in the end of the period the life partner relationship was more about emotional closeness and the company of a like-minded individual.However, despite these more general results, it is clear that neither the images of the man nor the images woman was unambiguous, and that men and women for most of the time didn't share the same ideals. When thousands of men and women describe their dreams and needs based on the lives they live, unlike government surveys, for example, a multitude of images of the nineteenth century man and woman appear.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Hassan Jansson, Karin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
En empirisk historia
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska Historiska Föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 142:3, s. 307-319
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 8. |
- Hassan Jansson, Karin, 1966-
(författare)
-
Kvinnfolk, karlar och könskategorier : Ord och mening i det tidigmoderna Sverige
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska Historiska Föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 141:3, s. 409-442
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Womenfolk, farmhands and gender categories: Significant words in early modern SwedenThis article takes Denise Riley’s and Joan Scott’s call to historize the categories of women and men as its starting point and presents an investigation of words used to designate people in two different text corpora from early modern Sweden.The first corpus is a selection from the database Korp that contains printed texts from the seventeenth to the early nineteenth century, mainly newspapers. The other corpus is the Gender and Work (GaW) database based mainly on court books, but also on diaries and other accounts. The frequency of Swedish equivalents of ”woman”, ”wife”, ”Mrs”, ”madame”, ”widow”, ”maid”, ”girl”, ”man”, ”Mr”, ”gentleman”, ”farmhand”, ”boy” and several similar words have been studied in both corpora, complemented by an in-depth study of the GaW corpus.The investigation shows that words used to denote people in early modern Sweden regularly included several intersectional elements: almost always gender, but also information about household position, age, kinship and social status. For women, ”wife” (hustru) was the most common title in both corpora. For men, the word ”man” (man) was quite common in the Korp corpus but rather unusual in the GaW corpus. In the latter the word ”man” and ”woman” were used in a few instances when someone wanted to point out the sex of otherwise anonymous people. Both ”man” and ”woman”, but especially ”woman”, were also used with a derogatory meaning. The only context in which a version of the word ”woman” (kvinnfolk) was used regularly was in lists of women’s wages in accounts from royal demesnes.The use of words is governed by context. In legal courts, people’s legal status and credibility were important, as were their family and kinship relationships, especially in cases involving property and inheritance. The words most commonly used about women in court – ”wife”, ”widow”, ”daughter” and ”maid” – testified to these very circumstances. In addition to the professsional-like titles, the same types of words dominated for men. Early modern Sweden was a corporative society and a person’s position in various corporations – the household, the family, the village, the guild, etc. – was signaled in the language.The intersectional character of early modern designations underlines the importance of doing gender history without stating the importance of certain categories in advance: we should not, for example, presuppose that female sex was a more important signifier than subordinate household position in the word maid. In the corporative, unequal society of early modern Sweden, people almost never had reason to talk about what Joan Scott called ”a collectivity named ’women’” and historians of early modern society should be cautious to assume that there was a general ”femininity” in common for all women, constructed in relation to a comparable general ”masculinity” in common for all men.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hassan Jansson, Karin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping the Household State : Treatment of Disobedient Children in Early Modern Denmark and Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Family History. - : Sage Publications. - 0363-1990 .- 1552-5473.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article offers a comparative analysis of the early modern Danish and Swedish Household state in relation to the treatment of “disobedient” children. It uses law codes and court records to explore the dynamic relationship between the household and state, arguing that contrasting patterns are apparent despite the common features of absolutism, agrarian, and mono-confessional Lutheranism. In Denmark, the state often responded to such cases by arrogating the power of the household and removing children from their care. In Sweden, the state upheld and sought to educate the household and relied upon parents to carry out appropriate chastisements of its junior members.
|
|
| 10. |
- Hassan Jansson, Karin, 1966-
(författare)
-
Uppgifter om mäns och kvinnors försörjningsaktiviteter i våldtäktsbrott, Sverige, perioden 1600–1800
- 2014
-
Annan publikationabstract
- Inom ramen för delprojektet "Pigors arbete och arbetsvillkor i det tidigmoderna Sverige" (projektansvarig forskare Karin Hassan Jansson) har uppgifter om mäns och kvinnors försörjningsaktiviteter i rättsfall gällande våldtäktsbrott i Sverige, perioden 1636-1800, samlats in, transkriberats och analyserats, och källtext och källtrogna variabler registrerats ordagrant (men ej bokstavstroget), av Karin Hassan Jansson inom forskningsprojektet Gender and Work. Kvalitetskontroll är utförd av Jonas Lindström.Analys av källmaterialet har gjorts av Karin Hassan Jansson inom projektet Gender and Work https://www.gaw.hist.uu.se/vad-kan-jag-hitta-i-gaw/kallunderlag/samling-av-valdtaktsfall--1600-1800/Materialet är sökbart i databasen GAW - http://gaw.ddb.umu.se:8080/gaw-query/query/index.xhtml
|
|
| 11. |
- Hassan Jansson, Karin, 1966-
(författare)
-
Womenfolk, farmhands and gender categories : Significant words in early modern Sweden
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - : Svenska Historiska Föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 141:3, s. 409-442
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article takes Denise Riley's and Joan Scott's call to historize the categories of women and men as its starting point and presents an investigation of words used to designate people in two different text corpora from early modern Sweden. The first corpus is a selection from the database Korp that contains printed texts from the seventeenth to the early nineteenth century, mainly newspapers. The other corpus is the Gender and Work (GaW) database based mainly on court books, but also on diaries and other accounts. The frequency of Swedish equivalents of "woman", "wife", "Mrs", "madame", "widow", "maid", "girl", "man", "Mr", "gentleman", "farmhand", "boy" and several similar words have been studied in both corpora, complemented by an in-depth study of the GaW corpus. The investigation shows that words used to denote people in early modern Sweden regularly included several intersectional elements: almost always gender, but also information about household position, age, kinship and social status. For women, "wife" (hustru) was the most common title in both corpora. For men, the word "man" (man) was quite common in the Korp corpus but rather unusual in the GaW corpus. In the latter the word "man" and "woman" were used in a few instances when someone wanted to point out the sex of otherwise anonymous people. Both "man" and "woman", but especially "woman", were also used with a derogatory meaning. The only context in which a version of the word "woman" (kvinnfolk) was used regularly was in lists of women's wages in accounts from royal demesnes. The use of words is governed by context. In legal courts, people's legal status and credibility were important, as were their family and kinship relationships, especially in cases involving property and inheritance. The words most commonly used about women in court "wife", "widow", "daughter" and "maid" testified to these very circumstances. In addition to the professional-like titles, the same types of words dominated for men. Early modern Sweden was a corporative society and a person's position in various corporations - the household, the family, the village, the guild, etc. - was signaled in the language. The intersectional character of early modern designations underlines the importance of doing gender history without stating the importance of certain categories in advance: we should not, for example, presuppose that female sex was a more important signifier than subordinate household position in the word maid. In the corporative, unequal society of early modern Sweden, people almost never had reason to talk about what Joan Scott called "a collectivity named 'women- and historians of early modern society should be cautious to assume that there was a general "femininity" in common for all women, constructed in relation to a comparable general "masculinity" in common for all men.
|
|
| 12. |
- Hinnemo, Elin, 1982-
(författare)
-
Inför högsta instans : Samspelet mellan kvinnors handlingsutrymme och rättslig reglering i Justitierevisionen 1760–1860
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to illuminate the interplay between female agency and legal regulation in Sweden during the period 1760-1860. The material chosen for the study relates to matters concerning women that were brought before the Judiciary Inspection, the highest legal authority in Sweden. From its central position in the state hierarchy, this court was an arena in which the central power could identify and find solutions to problems important for the stability and development of society.The study identifies issues that encouraged women to bring proceedings before the court, or prompted other parties to bring women to court. The dissertation has analysed the actions taken and arguments made in these cases by women, their counterparts, and court representatives, in relation to the regulations or the absence of regulations in each particular situation. This has shown the room for manoeuvre that could be achieved, and how the women could achieve it – in terms of right to manage property, economic agency and debt responsibility, finding ways to support themselves and their families, or affirming their positions as mothers and mistresses of households. In this way, the dissertation illuminates the freedom of agency in practice that has often been seen as contradictory in a strictly patriarchal society like early modern Sweden.The dissertation also traces some important changes over time, including the increasingly diverse class background of litigants over the period in question, shifts in understandings of property, work, family, and the meaning of legal majority. The central diachronic claims are firstly that the legal system shifted over time from one primarily based upon status, circumstance, and local opinion to one based on formalized understanding of the law founded upon contract and clear legal definitions, and that this had important implications for women’s room for manoeuvre in the courts and in society. Secondly, that the negotiation process contributed to historical change by forcing solutions to contradictions and specifying terms of property ownership and legal majority.
|
|
| 13. |
- Israelsson, Jezzica, 1982-
(författare)
-
Making themselves heard : Women’s and men’s voice through the regional petitioning process in Sweden, 1758–1880
- 2024
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, thousands of women and men contacted the Governor’s Administration of Västmanland (Länsstyrelsen i Västmanlands län), handing in petitions concerning a wide range of matters. This thesis studies these cases to deepen our understanding of women's and men's ability and need to make themselves heard through the regional petitioning process. It also elucidates how this practice was intertwined with people's endeavours to make a living by focusing on the participation’s connection to resources. By studying petition registers and a corpus of nearly 3,000 surviving petition files, it contributes to existing scholarship in three important ways.First, the thesis introduces an extended theoretical conceptualisation of the regional petitioning process, where the relationship between petitioner and respondent is integral to the petitioning itself. This inclusion shows that the commonest reason why people needed to make themselves heard, thus establishing a relationship with the governor and his administration in the first place, was because of interactions and conflicts with other people over some resource, primarily credit, land or working roles. Everyday interactions led people to use the regional administration in legally regulated disputes, which ultimately had political implications. Second, by comparing the participation of women and men as well as that of labouring people to other groups, the thesis sheds light on how the ability and need to make yourself heard varied with gender, marital status and socioeconomic status. To participate in this manner was expensive, which undoubtedly affected poor people’s ability to do so. Nevertheless, we find people from the lowest rungs of society who vehemently protected their rights, sometimes as petitioners but more often as respondents. Women's participation at the administration, as in almost all official contexts at this time, was lower than men’s, sometimes only a fraction. Despite their low levels of participation, it nevertheless took many forms, a variety that continued into the nineteenth century.Third, the investigation studies how the ways people made themselves heard through the regional petitioning process evolved over time, making it one of few Swedish studies of petitioners and respondents beyond the beginning of the nineteenth century. Its temporal setting has yielded previously unknown insights into how the development of voice through the petitioning process was connected to administrative bureaucratisation, aspects of the judicial revolution, the gradual but non-linear disappearance of household culture and the emergence of a civil citizen.
|
|
| 14. |
- Jacobsson, Benny, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mantalslängder och mantalsuppgifter
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Fantastiska verb. - Uppsala : Swedish Science Press. - 9789198450934 ; , s. 73-96
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Fallet Sol-Lisa
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Alternativa och kritiska perspektiv i juridisk utbildning. - Örebro : Örebro universitet. - 9789176688786
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Genus
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Perspektiv på historia. - Stockholm : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144097381 ; , s. 55-74
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 21. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Genushistorikernas utmaningar
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Scandia. - 0036-5483. ; 78:2 Supplement, s. 51-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gender historians’ challengeStarting with the questions raised in the seminar series Genushistoriens utmaningar(‘The challenges of gender history’), I describe and reflect on themilieus and contexts where I received my education in gender theory. The relation between interdisciplinary gender theory debate and new culturalhistory is addressed. The classifications of gender, class, and ethnicity have,in cultural-historical research, often been historicized and problematizedwithout the authors referring to defined gender theory concepts such asintersectionality. Based on my experience of researching early history, I raisethe questions of how we define gender history and how research on medievaland early modern society relates to mainstream gender scholarship. Finally, Itake up the gender historians’ gauntlet: the need to discuss and define genderhistory as an academic field.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Kvinnofrid : Synen på våldtäkt och konstruktionen av kön i Sverige 1600-1800
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present dissertation deals with attitudes towards rape in early modern Sweden. The narratives from rape cases show certain similarities and differences, all of which provide a basis for a categorization. In somewhat generalized form, the documents identify a cast of six different-type characters: the unruly soldier, the despotic household head, the foul-minded hired hand, the honorable wife, the naive servant girl and the innocent under-aged girl. Reports by representatives of any one of these types, display a common view, judgmental elements often included.Views of rape between 1600 and 1800 were subject to changes of four kinds. One is, the woman is made an active subject, whose will and actions come under sharper focus in rape trials. A second type can be termed the sexualizing of the crime, where attack and assault aspects of a rape crime diminish, but purely sexual aspects increase, in importance. Amounting to a third change is growing interest in the remaining physical aspects of the rape crime. With this type as with the second type, brighter light falls on material and physical sides of the crime, while social matters and matters of honor became of less concern. A fourth change is that discussions of male authority run high at the outset of the period under study, but in time give way to talk of female qualities and morals. On the conceptual level the change can be interpreted as due to the shift which now linked violence and sexual practice directly to the individual and his/her morals, instead of as before to his/her social position in patriarchal society.On the immediate plane the actions of a single male individual were under review in a rape case, but on a larger scale the main issue was how much authority and power the male should have by virtue of the position he held. There was yet a scale where questions lurked concerning the legitimacy of the patriarchal system as a whole and of political power in any form.
|
|
| 28. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
Lust och last i det tidigmoderna Sverige
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Lust & Last. - Stockholm : Nationalmuseum. - 9789171008275 ; , s. 72-102
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ortsbeskrivningar
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Fantastiska verb. - Uppsala : Swedish Science Press. - 9789198450934 ; , s. 47-71
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan
(författare)
-
Våld som aggression eller kommunikation? : hemfridsbrott 1550-1650
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Historisk tidskrift. - 0345-469X. ; 126:3, s. 429-452
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Violence as Aggression or Communication? Breaches of ‘Home peace’ 1550–1650 Based on a study of around a hundred breaches of ‘home peace’ in Sweden between 1550 and 1650, this article investigates the cultural meaning of acts of violence and the relationship between masculinities and violence in early modern society. A central theoretical assumption is that violence has a cultural meaning. Furthermore, in legal proceedings, violant acts was loaded with meaning by the parties, witnesses and judges. In Court records certain symbolically charged elements tend to appear frequently. A central element is that the aggressor appeared at the home of the defendant in arms, knocked loudly on the door and insulted the defendant. The aggressor thereby signalled the existence of a conflict and challenged the defendant to fight it out. According to the records, the defendants typically declined the challenge and tried to stop the attack. Many defendants hid themselves, others sent out their wives to meet the aggressor or attempted to calm him down. Violence exercised in conjunction with breaches of ‘home peace’cannot be said to be signs of a failure to exercise self-restraint. Rather, such violence was charged with symbolic meaning, which was interpreted against the backdrop of a number of written and unwritten norms. Court records describe the aggressor as a rash and uncontrolled man—the opposite of the ideal man. His actions were characterised by fits of rage and unwarranted hostility. In contrast, the defender was described according to a positive stereotype. An important part of this stereotype was the refusal of the defendant to accept the challenge to fight and his attempts to avoid bloodshed. Previous research has argued that the male ideal of the sixteenth- and seventeenth centuries demanded that men defended their honour with violent means if necessary. This study demonstrates the existence of a more complex set of norms surrounding violence and manliness. It also shows that self-restraint was an important element of male ideals already in the early modern period, even in violent conflicts. Failure to appreciate this aspects of the male ideal are due to the failure of present day observers to appreciate the nuances and the shifting meanings of acts of violence in early modern society.
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan, 1966-
(författare)
-
When Sweden Harboured Idlers : Gender and Luxury in Public Debates, c. 1760–1830
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Sweden in the Eighteenth-Century World. - Farnham : Ashgate. - 9781409465881 ; , s. 249-274
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manners were crucial for social life in the old regimes of early modern Europe. People from the different estates were supposed to act, dress, speak and feel in accordance with their standing in society. These performed differences – described and regulated in laws and religious tracts as well as in advice manuals – made it possible for people to understand their social worlds and act in a proper way. Changes in the eighteenth century challenged this order. Enlightenment ideas questioned the political, cultural and social fundaments of the old regimes. Global contacts and increased trade brought new products and possibilities to local markets. New patterns of consumption were possible due to rising living standards in some groups and spread through novel ideas about fashionable lifestyles. In this process, traditional manners were challenged and criticised as well as defended and glorified; it became harder to decode people’s social standing and estate by their performance. Gender was integrated in the social and cultural order of the old regime as well as in the developing new order, and many struggles between old and new values were fought in gendered terms.The following chapter concerns the ways politics and economics were intertwined with gendered norms on manners in Sweden from the end of the eighteenth century and a few decades into the new century. A growing involvement in global trade combined with an intensified social transformation created a large body of comments and discussions in the Swedish public debate. The commentators addressed both lawmakers and men and women of the people when they urged for changes in laws as well as for a reformation of manners. The cosmopolitan nature of these debates, with both commodities and ideas flowing across Swedish borders, influenced the course of development.
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
- Jansson, Karin Hassan
(författare)
-
Ära och oro : Sexuella närmanden och föräktenskapliga relationer i 1700-talets Sverige
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandia. - 0036-5483. ; 75:1, s. 29-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article discusses the notions of premarital sexual relations and unwanted sexual advances in Sweden in the late 1700s. It is based on an analysis of court material in rape cases and part of the debate on infanticide in the Swedish Parliament in 1786. Sexual initiative was associated with men in both the courts and the parliamentary debate. The practical definitions of illegal or illegitimate sexual advances were far from obvious. Great importance was attached to men's criminal intent, but it was not only coercion or use of violence that were important but also whether men's sexual advances were made with the intention of [eventually] marrying the women. These cases were difficult to judge, which is also seen in the various sentences given in similar cases, and in the discussions which took place in the higher courts. The courts often showed sympathy for the young women and found ways to punish men without sentencing them for rape, at the same time as they (sometimes against the law) acquitted the women. Both the legal material and the parliamentary debate show elements of uncertainty and concern about sexual morals, but also a considerable creativity in how to deal with sexual advances and problems that resulted from premarital relations. Immorality was described in parliament as a serious economical and social problem. It is not, however, obvious that the perceived growth of immorality in the late 1700s was due to the fact that more young unmarried men and women were involved in sexual relations before marriage. It may instead have had more to do with the breakdown of the traditional way of finding a spouse. As long as men took responsibility and married their partners if they became pregnant, and as long as women's honour could remain intact, -even if they had been subject to abuse or had intercourse connected to a marital promise - unmarried men and women could engage in sexual relations without seriously threatening the economic and social stability of the (local) community. But when young people no longer married and supported themselves when they had children, their premarital sexual relations became a significant threat. The solution to the problem was not obvious. Some advocated a return to tougher laws and stricter control, but already in the late 1700s a non-legal - but still strict and restrictive - moral regulation of sexuality developed, especially adapted to the emerging civil society.
|
|
| 50. |
- Lindström, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mistress or maid : The structure of women’s work in Sweden, 1550–1800
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Continuity and Change. - 0268-4160 .- 1469-218X. ; 32:2, s. 225-252
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the verb-oriented method and a unique collection of observations from court records, this article shows that both men and women did almost all categories of work in early modern Sweden. On the level of concrete tasks, however, there was both difference and similarity between the genders. Marital status exerted a strong influence on women’s sustenance activities, creating a clear distinction between unmarried and ever-married. These patterns were probably the effect of a labour legislation that forced young people without independent means to offer their bodies and time to masters and mistresses.
|
|
