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| 3. |
- Azevedo, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2052-4463. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.
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| 4. |
- Beyer, J., et al.
(författare)
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Maintaining success, reducing treatment burden, focusing on survivorship: highlights from the third European consensus conference on diagnosis and treatment of germ-cell cancer
- 2013
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 24:4, s. 878-888
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In November 2011, the Third European Consensus Conference on Diagnosis and Treatment of Germ-Cell Cancer (GCC) was held in Berlin, Germany. This third conference followed similar meetings in 2003 (Essen, Germany) and 2006 (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) [Schmoll H-J, Souchon R, Krege S et al. European consensus on diagnosis and treatment of germ-cell cancer: a report of the European Germ-Cell Cancer Consensus Group (EGCCCG). Ann Oncol 2004; 15: 1377-1399; Krege S, Beyer J, Souchon R et al. European consensus conference on diagnosis and treatment of germ-cell cancer: a report of the second meeting of the European Germ-Cell Cancer Consensus group (EGCCCG): part I. Eur Urol 2008; 53: 478-496; Krege S, Beyer J, Souchon R et al. European consensus conference on diagnosis and treatment of germ-cell cancer: a report of the second meeting of the European Germ-Cell Cancer Consensus group (EGCCCG): part II. Eur Urol 2008; 53: 497-513]. A panel of 56 of 60 invited GCC experts from all across Europe discussed all aspects on diagnosis and treatment of GCC, with a particular focus on acute and late toxic effects as well as on survivorship issues. The panel consisted of oncologists, urologic surgeons, radiooncologists, pathologists and basic scientists, who are all actively involved in care of GCC patients. Panelists were chosen based on the publication activity in recent years. Before the meeting, panelists were asked to review the literature published since 2006 in 20 major areas concerning all aspects of diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of GCC patients, and to prepare an updated version of the previous recommendations to be discussed at the conference. In addition, similar to 50 E-vote questions were drafted and presented at the conference to address the most controversial areas for a poll of expert opinions. Here, we present the main recommendations and controversies of this meeting. The votes of the panelists are added as online supplements.
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- Van Bavel, Jay J., et al.
(författare)
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National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic. Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics.
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- Bahi, R., et al.
(författare)
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Ischemia is not an independent predictive factor of chronic renal failure after partial nephrectomy in a solitary kidney in patients without pre-operative renal insufficiency
- 2015
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Ingår i: Progrès en urologie (Paris). - : Elsevier BV. - 1166-7087. ; 25:1, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess the influence of vascular clamping and ischemia time on long-term post-operative renal function following partial nephrectomy (PN) for cancer in a solitary kidney.Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study including 259 patients managed by PN between 1979 and 2010 in 13 centers. Clamping use, technique choice (pedicular or parenchymal clamping), ischemia time, and peri-operative data were collected. Pre-operative and last follow-up glomerular filtration rates were compared. A multivariate analysis using a Cox model was performed to assess the impact of ischemia on post-operative chronic renal failure risk.Results: Mean tumor size was 4.0 ± 2.3 cm and mean pre-operative glomerular filtration rate was 60.8 ± 18.9 mL/min. One hundred and six patients were managed with warm ischemia (40.9%) and 53 patients with cold ischemia (20.5%). Thirty patients (11.6%) have had a chronic kidney disease. In multivariate analysis, neither vascular clamping (P = 0.44) nor warm ischemia time (P = 0.1) were associated with a pejorative evolution of renal function. Pre-operative glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.0001) and blood loss volume (P = 0.02) were significant independent predictive factors of long-term renal failure.Conclusion: Renal function following PN in a solitary kidney seems to depend on non-reversible factors such as pre-operative glomerular filtration rate. Our findings minimize the role of vascular clamping and ischemia time, which were not significantly associated with chronic renal failure risk in our study.
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- Pignot, G., et al.
(författare)
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L’Ischémie n’est pas un facteur d’insuffisance rénale chronique après néphrectomie partielle sur rein unique
- 2014
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Ingår i: Progrès en urologie (Paris). - : Elsevier. - 1166-7087. ; 24:13, s. 822-822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectifs Déterminer l‘influence du clampage pédiculaire et de sa durée sur la fonction rénale à long terme après néphrectomie partielle (NP) pour cancer sur rein unique.Méthodes L’étude a inclus rétrospectivement 259 patients opérés par NP entre 1979 et 2010 dans 13 centres. L’utilisation d’un clampage, son type (pédiculaire ou parenchymateux), sa durée ainsi que les données pré-, intra- et postopératoires ont été recueillies. Les valeurs de débit de filtration glomérulaire (DFG) préopératoire et au dernier suivi ont été comparés. Une analyse multivariée selon le modèle de Cox a été réalisée afin de déterminer l’impact de l’ischémie sur le risque d’insuffisance rénale (IR) chronique postopératoire.Résultats La taille moyenne des tumeurs était de 4,0±2,3cm et le DFG préopératoire moyen de 60,8±18,9ml/min. Au total, 106 patients ont été opérés en ischémie chaude (40,9 %) et 53 en ischémie froide (20,5 %). Trente patients (11,6 %) ont évolué vers l’insuffisance rénale chronique. En analyse multivariée, ni le clampage pédiculaire (p=0,44), ni la durée d’ischémie chaude (p=0,1) n’étaient associés à une évolution vers l’insuffisance rénale. Les facteurs indépendants d’insuffisance rénale à long terme étaient le DFG préopératoire (p<0,0001) et les pertes sanguines (p=0,02).Conclusion La fonction rénale après NP sur rein unique apparaît principalement liée à des facteurs non modifiables et notamment le DFG préopératoire. Ce travail relativise l’importance du clampage pédiculaire et du temps d’ischémie qui n’étaient pas significativement liés au risque d’IR dans notre étude.
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| 13. |
- Verhoest, G, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive factors of chronic kidney disease stage V after partial nephrectomy in a solitary kidney : a multi-institutional study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Urologic Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 1078-1439 .- 1873-2496. ; 32:1, s. 28.e21-28.e26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Partial Nephrectomy (PN) in a solitary kidney is at risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage V and/or haemodialysis (HD). Our objective was to determine predictive factors of CKD stage V in this population. MATERIAL & METHODS: Data from 300 patients were retrospectively collected from 16 tertiary centres. Clinical and operative parameters, tumor characteristics and renal function before surgery were analyzed. Patients with and without CKD stage V (defined as MDRD<15ml/min) were compared using χ2 and Student-t tests for qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. Predictive factors of CKD stage V were evaluated with a multivariable analysis using a Cox regression model. RESULTS: Median age and BMI were 63 years old and 26kg/m², respectively. Most of the patients (65%) were male with an anatomic solitary kidney (88.3%). Median tumor size was 4cm and 98% were malignant tumors. Median operative time, blood loss and clamping time were 180min, 350ml and 20min respectively. Renal cooling was used in 19.3% and clamping of the pedicle was performed in 61.6%. Twenty five patients (8.5%) presented post operative CKD stage V at last follow-up and 18 underwent HD (6%) post-operatively because of acute renal insufficiency. There was no difference between CKD stage V and non CKD stage V patients concerning Charlson index, operative time (180min vs 179min, p= 0.39), blood loss (475ml vs 350ml, p= 0.51), use of renal cooling and type of clamping. Patients with CKD stage V were older (70 vs 63 years old, p= 0.005), had a lower baseline renal function (clearance MDRD 41 vs. 62ml/min, p<0.0001) and an increased tumor size (p= 0.02). Complications occurred in 91 patients (30%) with 16% of minor (Clavien 1-2) and 14% of major (Clavien>2) complications, respectively. In multivariable analysis, baseline MDRD, BMI, and the occurrence of a minor complication were independent predictive factors of post operative CKD stage V. CONCLUSION: PN in a solitary kidney is at risk of post-operative CKD stage V and HD. Pre-operative altered renal function and post operative complications are the main predictive factors of permanent CKD stage V.
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| 14. |
- Garcia, J, et al.
(författare)
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ECG-based detection of body position changes in ischemia monitoring
- 2003
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. - 1558-2531. ; 50:6, s. 677-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this gaper is to analyze and detect changes in body position (BPC) during electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. These changes are often manifested as shifts in the, electrical axis and may be misclassified as ischemic changes during. ambulatory monitoring. We investigate two ECG signal processing methods for detecting BPCs. Different schemes for feature extraction are used (spatial and scalar), while preprocessing, trend postprocessing and detection are identical. The spatial approach is based on VCG loop rotation angles and the scalar approach is based on the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) coefficients. The methods are evaluated on two different databases: a database with annotated BPCs and the STAFF III database with recordings from rest and during angioplasty-induced ischemia but not including BPCs. The angle-based detector results in performance values of detection probability P-D = 95%, false alarm probability P-F = 3% in the BPC database and false alarm rate in the STAFF III database in control ECCs during rest R-F(c) = 2 h(-1) (episodes per hour) and in ischemia recordings during angioplasty R-F(a) = 7 h(-1), whereas the KLT-based detector produces values of P-D = 89%, P-F = 3%, R-F(c) = 4 h(-1), and RF(a) = 11 h-1, respectively. Including information on noise level in the detection process to reduce the number of false alarms, performance values of P-D similar or equal to 90%, P-F similar or equal to 1%, R-F(c) similar or equal to 1 h(-1) and R-F(a) similar or equal to 2 h(-1) are obtained with both methods. It is concluded that reliable detection of BPCs may be achieved using the ECG signal and should work in parallel to ischemia detectors.
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| 15. |
- Gravas, S, et al.
(författare)
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Seeking evidence that cell kill guided thermotherapy gives results not inferior to those of transurethral prostate resection: Results of a pooled analysis of 3 studies of feedback transurethral microwave thermotherapy
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1527-3792 .- 0022-5347. ; 174:3, s. 1002-1006
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: We compared ProstaLund Feedback Treatment(R) (PLFT(R)) to transurethral prostate resection (TURP) in terms of efficacy and safety in a pooled analysis of 3 clinical studies with 1-year followup. Materials and Methods: Overall raw data on 183 patients with PLFT(R) and 65 with TURP were pooled. All studies had identical inclusion criteria, and the efficacy and safety of the method were evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urine flow (Qmax), responder rate, bother score, prostate volume reduction and adverse events. Results: The response rate was 85.3% and 85.9% in the PLFT(R) and TURP groups, respectively. One-sided 95% CI analysis showed the noninferiority of PLFT(R) vs TURP for this variable. Mean International Prostate Symptom Score was significantly decreased in the PLFT(R) and TURP groups after 12 months (from 20.9 to 6.4 and 20.7 to 7.1, respectively). The 1-sided upper 95% CI of PLFT(R) was within the noninferiority definition compared with that of TURP. The bother score decrease in the PLFT(R) and TURP groups was not significant different (70.9% and 64.0%, respectively). An increase in Qmax from 7.7 to 16.1 ml per second 12 months after PLFT(R) was noted, while the improvement in Qmax in the TURP group was higher (from 7.5 to 18.6 ml per second). The 1-sided lower 95% CI was close (0.76) but it did not attain the predetermined level of noninferiority (0.80). Mean transurethral ultrasound determined volume 12 months after PLFT(R) and TURP was reduced by 32.8% and 58.1%, respectively. A significant correlation between the transurethral ultrasound determined prostate volume reduction and estimated cell kill was found (r = 0.456, p <0.000001). Serious adverse events with causality occurred in 15.4% of patients with TURP compared with 6.0% in those with PLFT(R) (p = 0.035). Conclusions: Combined experience from our pooled analysis indicates that PLFT(R) challenges TURP in terms of efficacy and safety after 1 year of followup.
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| 16. |
- Hernando, D, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of patients prone to hypotension during hemodialysis based on the analysis of cardiovascular signals.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Medical Engineering & Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4030 .- 1350-4533. ; 37:12, s. 1156-1161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a major complication during hemodialysis treatment, and therefore it is highly desirable to identify, at an early stage during treatment, whether the patient is prone to IDH. Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were analyzed during the first 30 min of treatment to assess information on the autonomic nervous system. Using the sequential floating forward selection method and linear classification, the set of features with the best discriminative power was selected, resulting in an accuracy of 92.1%. Using a classifier based on the HRV features only, thereby avoiding that continuous blood pressure has to be recorded, accuracy decreased to 90.2%. The results suggest that an HRV-based classifier is useful for determining whether a patient is prone to IDH at the beginning of the treatment.
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| 17. |
- Kaiser, K, et al.
(författare)
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WNT5A is transported via lipoprotein particles in the cerebrospinal fluid to regulate hindbrain morphogenesis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 1498-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WNTs are lipid-modified proteins that control multiple functions in development and disease via short- and long-range signaling. However, it is unclear how these hydrophobic molecules spread over long distances in the mammalian brain. Here we show that WNT5A is produced by the choroid plexus (ChP) of the developing hindbrain, but not the telencephalon, in both mouse and human. Since the ChP produces and secretes the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), we examine the presence of WNT5A in the CSF and find that it is associated with lipoprotein particles rather than exosomes. Moreover, since the CSF flows along the apical surface of hindbrain progenitors not expressing Wnt5a, we examined whether deletion of Wnt5a in the ChP controls their function and find that cerebellar morphogenesis is impaired. Our study thus identifies the CSF as a route and lipoprotein particles as a vehicle for long-range transport of biologically active WNT in the central nervous system.
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