| 1. |
- Glogger, Isabella, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gap: Introducing a socio-cultural dimension to explain beliefs about man-made threats
- 2022
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Ingår i: Public Understanding of Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6625 .- 1361-6609. ; 31:8, s. 1063-1078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The belief gap hypothesis focuses on why individuals differ in beliefs about the causes and consequences of issues despite expert consensus. Offering ideological rationalization and media use as an explanation for diverting beliefs, it, so far, has focused on ideological priors that describe traditional socio-economic cleavages—even if scientific and environmental issues go beyond monetary questions. In this study, we aim to counter this shortcoming by introducing a socio-cultural dimension of ideology to research on the belief gap hypothesis. Comparing two issues of man-made threats—climate change and antimicrobial resistance—and emphasizing more strongly the role of media use for belief gaps, we find that a socio-cultural dimension of ideology serves as a better predictor for diverting beliefs about climate change but not for antimicrobial resistance. In contrast to left-leaning media, using right-leaning media outlets widens climate change belief gaps.
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| 2. |
- Glogger, Isabella, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The world around us and the picture(s) in our heads: The effects of news media use on belief organization
- 2023
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Ingår i: Communication Monographs. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-7751 .- 1479-5787. ; 90:2, s. 159-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since Converse [1964. The nature of belief systems in mass publics. Critical Review, 18(1-3), 1 - 74 https://doi.org/10.1080/08913810608443650] asked "What goes with what?", research tries to answer this question. How individuals perceive the world around them depending on media use has been an endeavor of studying societal beliefs of societal issues separately. Building upon literature on cognitive architecture, we study how media use shapes the formation and stability of belief structures across issues in public opinion reflected in groups of individuals. Using a three-wave panel study, we found (1) that individuals' perceptions of different issues are interconnected, (2) translating into aggregate-stable, concurring groups in public opinion, and that (3) differential media use affects the formation and stability of these groups.
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| 3. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Belief maintenance as a media effect: a conceptualization and empirical approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Human Communication Research. - 0360-3989 .- 1468-2958. ; 50:1, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While prominent theories of media effects suggest that the maintenance of societal perceptions (and misperceptions) is a critical and distinct outcome of exposure to mediated communication, the "maintenance effect"remains poorly understood. This article provides a theoretical conceptualization and operational approach to the maintenance effect. The first part addresses the distinct properties of the maintenance effect and proposes a conceptualization anchored in theories of cognitive media effects. The second part focuses on the psychological mechanisms behind the maintenance effect, outlining factors operating in the short and long run. Finally, building upon recent statistical developments for longitudinal data analysis, the third part suggests and illustrates a specific empirical approach for analyzing the maintenance effect.
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| 4. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualizing long-term media effects on societal beliefs
- 2021
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Ingår i: Annals of the International Communication Association. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2380-8985 .- 2380-8977. ; 45:1, s. 75-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article critically examines long-term media effects in communication research. Focusing on news exposure, the purpose is to provide a review and theoretical conceptualization of long-term effects on societal beliefs. The first part presents an empirical overview of research published in leading communication journals. While longitudinal studies are not uncommon, few have an explicit and elaborated focus on long-term influences. To advance future research, the second part builds on cognitive schema theory to develop three distinct ways of conceptualizing long-term effects: in terms of (a) effect duration, (b) effect mechanisms and (c) effect dynamics. Finally, the third part condenses a comprehensive literature review into a multilevel framework model of factors contributing to long-term media effects on societal beliefs.
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| 5. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Same News Frames, Different Issues: Issue Familiarity and Dynamic Framing Effects
- 2024
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Ingår i: Communication Research. - : Sage Publications. - 0093-6502 .- 1552-3810.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study addresses how issue familiarity conditions longitudinal news framing effect dynamics. Comparing how the economic consequences frame impacts interpretation of two global problems—antimicrobial resistance and climate change—we study longitudinal effects across two similar issues varying significantly in salience and politicization, focusing on how various effect dynamics (single, repetitive, and counter-framing exposure) influence citizens’ beliefs over time. A longitudinal experiment conducted with a probability-recruited sample in Sweden (N = 1,956) reveals (1) clear framing effects for both issues, (2) dynamics driven primarily by recency mechanisms, and (3) that individual differences in baseline belief certainty condition news framing effects. In sum, while the same news frame can have very similar effects on different issues, the findings suggest a “dual role” of issue familiarity, potentially conditioning the specific longitudinal effect dynamics, on the one hand, and effect susceptibility, on the other hand.
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| 6. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish way: How ideology and media use influenced the formation, maintenance and change of beliefs about the Coronavirus
- 2021
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Ingår i: Political Communication in the Time of Coronavirus. Peter Van Aelst, Jay G. Blumler (red.). - New York : Routledge. - 9781000467109 ; , s. 209-223
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter examines public belief formation in Sweden during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on theories of sociotropic belief formation, we analyze how citizens’ ideology, personal experience, interpersonal talk and media use influence their beliefs about how the coronavirus affects the Swedish society. The findings from analyses of three waves of panel survey data suggest that (1) citizens continuously update their corona beliefs over time, (2) ideological belief gaps emerge in the initial phase of the crisis but remain relatively constant over time, (3) corona beliefs primarily depend on ideology and news media use and (4) these two factors also influence the likelihood that citizens hold on to beliefs formed at an early stage of the pandemic. Furthermore, while news media use was more clearly related to perceptions about the magnitude of the coronavirus as a societal problem, ideology played a larger role for perceptions about how Sweden had managed the virus. © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Peter Van Aelst and Jay G. Blumler.
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| 7. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative News Orientation and Trust in Mainstream Media: A Longitudinal Audience Perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Digital Journalism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-0811 .- 2167-082X. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of online alternative news sites has enabled people to easily access viewpoints corresponding to their social and political identities and challenging mainstream media coverage. Taking an audience perspective and relying on a large four-wave panel survey from Sweden, this study examines orientation towards alternative news, paying specific attention to the potential reinforcing relationship with trust in mainstream media. Results show that increasing orientation towards alternative news is related to decreasing trust in mainstream media, and vice versa. In addition, the study highlights how alternative news orientation supplements rather than replaces consumption of traditional news. These findings provide valuable insights on the alternative news users and the dynamics of their media consumption, informing the debate on the role played by alternative news media in society.
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| 8. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance and Reformation of News Repertoires: A Latent Transition Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly. - : SAGE Publications. - 1077-6990 .- 2161-430X. ; 99:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today’s media environment provides people ample opportunities for constructing news habits fitting their preferences, but our knowledge about the dynamics of such news habits is limited. Using a four-wave panel survey from Sweden and taking a news repertoires approach, the study identifies four groups of news users labeled Public service-oriented traditionalists, Minimalists, Engaged pluralists, and Quality-oriented explorers, which are each related to news interest, trust in mainstream news media, and socio-demographic factors in distinct ways. The news repertoires are highly stable, even during profound contextual change, showing that people most often maintain their news habits and only seldom reform them.
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| 9. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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Selective news avoidance: consistency and temporality
- 2024
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Ingår i: Communication Research. - 0093-6502.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Can news avoidance be considered a stable personal “trait,” adhering to a specific group of consistent news avoiders, or is it rather a volatile “state” reflecting temporal variations in audience practices? Based on a five-wave panel survey collected in Sweden during the coronavirus pandemic, we show that selective avoidance of news about the pandemic varies both between persons, representing consistency, and within persons, representing temporality. Drawing on the information utility model, we additionally show that both dimensions are related to audience preferences, specifically news interest, news media trust, and societal concerns. These results illustrate that the practice of selective news avoidance is not restricted to a specific group of people with limited news use but also represents a more fluid audience behavior of adjusting news consumption patterns in response to individual and contextual changes. However, as the correlates of the two dimensions are similar, the results stress the polarizing potential of news avoidance in democracy.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Andersen, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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The scary world syndrome: News orientations, negativity bias, and the cultivation of anxiety
- 2024
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Negativity bias is one of the most salient features of news reporting. According to cultivation theory, this bias can foster anxiety about societal issues among news audiences. The relationship is, however, likely to depend on the audience’s news orientations and the issue under consideration. Drawing on a content analysis of mainstream and alternative news media and a three-wave panel survey, both conducted in Sweden, we examine how general and alternative news orientations relate to egotropic anxiety (worry about being personally affected or harmed) about violent crimes and climate change. The results show that while alternative news media portray violent crimes more negatively than mainstream news media, the opposite is true for climate change, which mainstream news media portray more negatively than alternative news media. Consistent with this finding, alternative news orientation is related to higher levels of anxiety about violent crimes, while general news orientation is related to higher levels of anxiety about climate change, illustrating how people seek information that concur with and thereby maintain or reinforce their beliefs. These results have consequences both for cultivation theory and for our understanding of the role played by mainstream and alternative news media in society.
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| 12. |
- Boulianne, S., et al.
(författare)
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Age Differences in Online News Consumption and Online Political Expression in the United States, United Kingdom, and France
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Press/Politics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Younger and older generations are differently motivated in relation to news consumption and online political expression. In this paper, we suggest that different modes of citizenship characterize younger and older generations. To test the differential role of political interest in news consumption and online political expression, we use a survey of 3,210 people from the United States, 3,043 from the United Kingdom, and 3,031 from France. Our findings suggest that young citizens are more frequent users of online news overall and that the rank order of different news activities replicates cross-nationally. The frequency of online political expression is negatively related to age, with older people less likely to post online. Age moderates the relationship between political interest and news consumption as well as news consumption and online political expression. The correlations of these sets of variables are stronger for younger respondents compared to older respondents. These findings hold across the three countries under study. We explain these patterns in terms of changing citizenship norms and discuss the implications for democracy. © The Author(s) 2021.
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| 13. |
- Cöster, Angelica, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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From Cultivation to Self-Cultivation: Alternative Media and Reinforcing Spirals in a Fragmented Media Environment
- 2024
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION. - 1932-8036. ; 18, s. 1382-1404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Media environments have changed rapidly since cultivation theory was proposed in the 1960s. This study analyzes whether growing opportunities for media choice reinforce and polarize public perceptions of crime development. This is done by synthesizing cultivation theory with the reinforcing spirals model. The study relies on a combination of a quantitative media content analysis (N = 904) and a three-wave panel survey (N = 1,508) conducted in Sweden. The findings suggest that there are significant differences between violent crimes news content in alternative media and traditional media and that there are reinforcing effects between alternative news orientation and crime perceptions but not between traditional news media use and crime perceptions. We propose self-cultivation as a new concept that can be used to understand cultivation processes in today's high-choice media environment.
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| 14. |
- Dahlgren, Peter, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Reinforcing spirals at work? Mutual influences between selective news exposure and ideological leaning
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Communication. - : SAGE Publications. - 0267-3231 .- 1460-3705. ; 34:2, s. 159-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of partisan news sources has raised concerns that people will increasingly select attitude-consistent information, which might lead to increasing political polarization. Thus far, there is limited research on the long-term mutual influences between selective exposure and political attitudes. To remedy this, this study investigates the reciprocal influences between selective exposure and political attitudes over several years, using a three-wave panel survey conducted in Sweden during 2014–2016. More specifically, we analyse how ideological selective exposure to both traditional and online news media influences citizens’ ideological leaning. Findings suggest that (1) people seek-out ideologically consistent print news and online news and (2) such attitude-consistent news exposure reinforces citizens’ ideological leaning over time. In practice, however, such reinforcement effects are hampered by (3) relatively low overall ideological selective exposure and a (4) significant degree of cross-cutting news exposure online. These findings are discussed in light of selective exposure theory and the reinforcing spirals model.
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| 15. |
- Dahlgren, Peter, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Selective online exposure and political polarization during Swedish election campaigns: a longitudinal analysis using four waves of panel data
- 2016
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Ingår i: 6th ECREA European Communication Conference, Prague.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Internet has made it possible for individuals to increasingly select political news that match their political attitudes. This selective exposure also has the potential to mutually reinforce existing attitudes. However, very little is known about the long-term consequences, especially during election periods. We draw upon the reinforcing spirals model to study the mutual reinforcements between selective exposure and political ideology, by using a four-wave panel during five months with a representative random sample (n=2,281) from Sweden during the 2014 European parliamentary election and Swedish national election. Results suggests that individuals are not becoming more extreme in their political ideology during the election period, regardless of whether they are exposed to attitude-consistent or attitude-inconsistent news content.
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| 16. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Media Salience Shifts and the Public’s Perceptions About Reality: How Fluctuations in News Media Attention Influence the Strength of Citizens’ Sociotropic Beliefs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines whether shifts in news media attention to societal issues matter for how strong beliefs citizens have about those issues. Based on an issue signal approach, in which media salience is conceptualized as signal strength, the study analyzes whether sociotropic beliefs become more prevalent, extreme, and certain when news media salience rises, and less prevalent, extreme, and certain when media salience drops. Using a four-wave panel survey dataset collected over a two-year period, the empirical analysis links media content analyses of issue salience to panel survey data, comparing four issues with different levels of baseline salience and political controversy: violent crimes, immigration, climate change, and antibiotic resistance. The analysis shows that issue-specific news media exposure and issue-specific use of alternative media offer two different pathways to the formation of beliefs. The hypothesized relationship with news media salience was supported for the two controversial issues with high baseline salience (immigration and violent crimes), but not for climate change and antibiotic resistance. The results indicate that issue attributes matter and that audiences may respond differently to salience shifts depending on the level of controversy of the issue.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Still an Agenda Setter? The Traditional News Media and Public Opinion from Low-Choice to High-Choice Environments: A Longitudinal Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 6th European Communication Conference, Ecrea, in Prague 9-12 November 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study analyses whether the agenda setting influence of traditional news media has become weaker over time – a key argument in the “new era of minimal effects” controversy. Following profound media environmental transformations, an increasing number of media outlets and growing opportunities for media choice, aggregate public opinion is assumed to be less responsive to the agenda of the traditional media. Despite the theoretical validity of such arguments, few attempts have been made to empirically test this hypothesis. Based on media content and public opinion data collected in Sweden over a period of 23 years (1992-2014), we analyze both aggregate and individual-level agenda setting effects on public opinion concerning 12 different political issues. Although the agenda setting impact of single nationally leading news outlets (Dagens Nyheter) appears to have weakened over time, we find no evidence that the collective media agenda (several prominent outlets) has become less influential. Taken together, citizens today appear as responsive to issue signals from the collective media agenda as during the low-choice era.
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| 19. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Still an Agenda Setter: Traditional News Media and Public Opinion During the Transition From Low to High Choice Media Environments
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Communication. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-9916 .- 1460-2466. ; 67:5, s. 733-757
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes whether the agenda-setting influence of traditional news media has become weaker over time—a key argument in the “new era of minimal effects” controversy. Based on media content and public opinion data collected in Sweden over a period of 23 years (1992–2014), we analyze both aggregate and individual-level agenda-setting effects on public opinion concerning 12 different political issues. Taken together, we find very little evidence that the traditional news media has become less influential as agenda setters. Rather, citizens appear as responsive to issue signals from the collective media agenda today as during the low-choice era. We discuss these findings in terms of cross-national differences in media systems and opportunity structures for selective exposure.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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News framing and the activation of authoritarianism
- 2022
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 9th European communication conference, ecrea 2022, in Aarhus.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of authoritarian attitudes within contemporary democracy puzzles researchers and worries those who trust a liberal democracy. Under what circumstances do people develop authoritarian attitudes? A general argument in the literature, confirmed in empirical studies, suggests that predispositions for authoritarianism, deep-rooted values of conformism, submission etc., are fairly widespread, but are activated in manifest attitudes under certain circumstances of threat related to crisis, social disorder and cultural tensions. Research provides extensive evidence of the impact of threat on individuals’ propensity to hold authoritarian attitudes. In this research, the role of the news media is however generally ignored. Given extensive research on the discursive construction and framing of crisis and threat in the news media, and the evidence on the importance of the media in shaping people’s attitudes on social issues, we can expect a significant role of news journalism in this context. This paper contributes to fill this gap by presenting two experimental studies addressing hypotheses of news framing effects on authoritarian attitudes. The first experiment focuses on news about disorder in school and a related threat to authority. The second focuses on news about same-sex parents, and a related threat to conformity. The panel experiments follow a pretest-posttest design with random assignment into treatment (threat-framed news) and control groups. The stimuli consists of news produced by a professional journalist. The sample is drawn from a pool of web survey participants at the Laboratory of Opinion Research (LORE) at the University of Gothenburg. Approx. 2,200 people participated. The study provides evidence of direct effects of threat-framed news on authoritarian attitudes. However, the results from the two experiments differ, which is discussed and preliminary explained with reference to the different position of the news issues in the socio-political landscape. While the result shows a clear positive impact of authoritarian values on authoritarian attitudes across the two news issues, the study provides no evidence for an activation mechanism.
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| 22. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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News framing and the activation of authoritarianism
- 2023
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Ingår i: Paper presented online at the 73rd ICA conference, 25-29 May 2023, Toronto..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of authoritarian attitudes within contemporary democracy puzzles researchers and worries those who trust a liberal democracy. Under what circumstances do people develop authoritarian attitudes? The literature suggests that circumstances of threat, social disorder and cultural tensions, have a strong impact on attitudes. There is substantial evidence that predispositions for authoritarianism tend to be activated under circumstances of threat. In this research, the role of the news media is generally ignored. This is a significant limitation. Given the power of news in the framing of disorder and tensions, and the importance of the media in shaping people’s attitudes on social issues, we expect a significant role of news journalism in this context. This article presents a theoretically grounded experimental study addressing hypotheses of news framing effects on authoritarian attitudes. The two panel experiments, on news about disorder in school and same-sex parents, follow a pretest-posttest design with random assignment into treatment (threat-framed news) and control groups. The study provides evidence of direct effects of threat-framed news on authoritarian attitudes, but no evidence for an activation mechanism. The results from the experiments differ, which is preliminary explained with reference to the positions of the news issues in the socio-political landscape.
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| 23. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Social media, porous boundaries, and the development of online political engagement among young citizens
- 2018
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Ingår i: New Media and Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1461-4448 .- 1461-7315. ; 20:2, s. 740-759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Concepts such as “porous boundaries” and “low thresholds” appear frequently in the literature on online political engagement. Social media, it is argued, are characterized by less distinct boundaries between non-political and political activities, thereby lowering thresholds into political engagement. This argument is analyzed and empirically tested. Relying on a five-wave panel study among Swedish adolescents, we provide unique insights into the levels and development of political engagement in online political information, interaction, production, and collective action. In sum, the findings show that, for a majority, social interaction in social media coincides with engagement in political information and interaction, while few are engaged in production and collective action. Second, the study provides limited support to the idea that low thresholds in social media promote patterns of tune-in, tune-out political engagement over time. Finally, social interaction in social media has clear effects on online political engagement beyond political socialization and motivation factors.
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| 24. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Spaces for public orientation
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Networked Young Citizen: Social Media, Political Participation and Civic Engagement. - London : Routledge. - 9781138019997 ; , s. 39-60
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Hopmann, D. N., et al.
(författare)
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Contagious Media Effects: How Media Use and Exposure to Game-Framed News Influence Media Trust
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mass Communication and Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1520-5436 .- 1532-7825. ; 18:6, s. 776-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which trust in media is affected by personal media use and the framing of politics as a strategic game. The study is based on a four-wave panel survey matched with media content data, which allows us to investigate not only correlations but also individual-level effects on media trust. In accordance with previous research, our analyses show that the use of specific media types leads to more trust in those specific media. The results also show that media framing of politics as a strategic game has a negative effect on trust in the media. The more citizens are exposed to game-framed news, the less they tend to trust the media, with the exception of tabloid newspapers. Overall, these results lend support to the assumption of contagious effects of game-framed news. In a concluding section, we sum up our results and discuss the implications of our findings.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Hopmann, David Nicolas, et al.
(författare)
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Selective Media Exposure and Increasing Knowledge Gaps in Swiss Referendum Campaigns
- 2016
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Ingår i: International journal of public opinion research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0954-2892 .- 1471-6909. ; 28:1, s. 73-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to contribute to the discussion on how the growing opportunities for media choice influence gaps in political knowledge among those motivated to consume news versus those who are not. With more television channels available, it becomes easier to choose content matching personal interests. While several studies have analyzed trends in news consumption and motivations among different citizen groups, there are still very few studies that actually link these developments longitudinally to patterns of knowledge gaps. Using survey data from Swiss referendums held 1993-1999, we find that (1) gaps in political knowledge because of political interest have increased over time, and (2) political interest has become a stronger predictor of informational TV use.
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| 33. |
- Johansson, Bengt, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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When the rally-around-the-flag effect disappears, or: when the COVID-19 pandemic becomes “normalized”
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-7289 .- 1745-7297. ; 30:S1, s. 321-334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rally-around-the-flag effect describes the tendency of public opinion to become more favourable toward political leaders in times of crises. Political leaders rarely can exchange this initial rally-around-effect into long-term support, however. The central question addressed in this paper is, why political leaders cannot maintain this increase in support over time. Based on three-wave panel data collected during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden (N=1716), this paper investigates why political leaders cannot maintain initial popular support in the long run. Empirically, we find that perceptions of how Sweden is affected by the crisis and political ideology are both important drivers to understand the declining government approval following a rally-around-the-flag effect.
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| 34. |
- Kruikemeier, Sanne, et al.
(författare)
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News Media Use and Political Engagement Among Adolescents: An Analysis of Virtuous Circles Using Panel Data
- 2017
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Ingår i: Political Communication. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1058-4609 .- 1091-7675. ; 34:2, s. 221-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes reinforcing spirals between news media use and two manifestations of political engagement: political interest and participation intention. Drawing on a three-wave panel study among adolescents, we test the Virtuous Circle Thesis (VCT) in both an online and an offline setting, by distinguishing between selection effects and media effects as key ingredients of the VCT. Overall, the findings lend mixed support to the general argument. While the relationship between specific forms of news media use and political interest appears to be driven primarily by selection effects, reciprocal relations were found mainly between television news and participation intention. The VCT assumption of reciprocal influences was supported most clearly when adolescents’ total news media use was considered. Taken together, virtuous circles appeared to operate rather similarly online and offline.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Moeller, J., et al.
(författare)
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Internet Use and Political Interest: Growth Curves, Reinforcing Spirals, and Causal Effects During Adolescence
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Communication. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0021-9916 .- 1460-2466. ; 68:6, s. 1052-1078
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes reinforcing spirals between online media usage and political interest among adolescents. By applying a two-dimensional conceptualization of online media usage that distinguishes between content and interactivity characteristics, the study focuses on the mechanisms and processes stimulating the long-term development of political interest during adolescence. Findings from a unique, six-wave panel study conducted in Sweden over a period of 5 years suggest that reinforcing spirals are driven primarily by non-interactive political information usages of online media. These results contribute to a better understanding of the factors leading to the development of political interest during a crucial life phase, as well as the growing body of literature that theorize media and selection effects as part of reinforcing processes during adolescence.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Ohlsson, Jonas, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Lokala nyheter och lokala opinioner
- 2015
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Ingår i: A Bergstöm & J Ohlsson (red) Alla dessa val: Samhälle, opinion och medier i Västsverige. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789189673335 ; , s. 111-130
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
- Oleskog Tryggvason, Per, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Success or Failure? News Framing of the COP26 Glasgow Summit and its Effects on Citizens’ Beliefs About Climate Change
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Press/Politics. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The UN climate summits represent decisive moments for climate change policy. Under significant media coverage, world leaders gather for intense negotiations over policies to address global warming. Given the enormous political, economic, and environmental issues at stake, news media typically frame these summits in terms of success or failure. Still, we know surprisingly little about how these mediated mega events influence public perceptions both during and beyond the specific summit. Focusing on the 2021 Glasgow summit (COP26), this study combines a media content analysis and a two-wave panel survey with a rolling cross-section component, to determine how news framing influenced both summit-specific and more generic climate change beliefs among citizens in Sweden. Findings show (1) that beliefs about the success/failure of the summit took shape immediately following the summit, (2) that news framing effects were particularly pronounced when the final agreement was settled, and (3) that these instantaneous framing effects on summit-specific beliefs left small but lasting imprints on citizens’ generic climate change beliefs several weeks after the summit. These findings have implications for both climate opinion and theories of dynamic news framing effects.
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- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Change Frame Acceptance and Resistance: Extreme Weather, Consonant News, and Personal Media Orientations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1520-5436 .- 1532-7825. ; 25:1, s. 51-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Across the globe, extreme weather events have brought climate change into people’s daily lives. Extended heatwaves, droughts, and wildfires are now recurring in many regions across the globe. This study asks how the exceptional 2018 summer influenced climate change beliefs among Swedish citizens. More specifically, the study looks deeper into belief formation dynamics under intense, consonant, and extended news reporting–addressing one of the most fundamental media effects in the literature: the over-time maintenance of societal beliefs through cumulative and repetitive exposure to a dominant issue frame. Using a unique three-wave panel survey, the analysis focuses on citizens’ acceptance (and resistance) of the dominant climate change frame provided by traditional media–whether citizens believe in the existence, causes, and consequences of climate change. The findings reveal strong support for belief maintenance effects over time, but also that belief changes are possible. Even in situations of intense and consonant news reporting, acceptance (and resistance) of the dominant climate change frame depends on citizens’ personal media orientations. Both trust in traditional news media and usage of alternative online news emerge as key factors conditioning classic media effects in a fragmented and polarized media environment.
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- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Developing Self-Actualizing and Dutiful Citizens: A Longitudinal Study of Traditional News, Creative Online Media Use and Political Engagement Among Adolescents
- 2014
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Ingår i: International communication association conference, Seattle, May 2014.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the major issues facing contemporary democratic societies is how the rapidly changing media environment influences democratic citizenship. Rather than strengthening or weakening citizenship per se, the present study analyses whether the distinctive communicative logics of traditional and online media encourage different forms of civic and political engagement among adolescents. More specifically, we use three waves of panel data covering a period of three years to study Swedish adolescents’ development of Actualizing (AC) and Dutiful (DC) citizen qualities over time. The findings clearly suggest that communicative logics matter. While traditional news media use primarily contributes to the development of DC qualities – such as political knowledge, institutional participation and political trust – creative online media use promotes AC qualities, including cause-oriented online and offline activism as well as internal efficacy. The findings are discussed in light of ongoing media environmental transformations, changing styles of political engagement and normative ideals of democracy.
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- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Developing Self-Actualizing and Dutiful Citizens: Testing the AC-DC Model Using Panel Data Among Adolescents
- 2016
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Ingår i: Communication Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-6502 .- 1552-3810. ; 43:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major issues facing contemporary democracies is how the rapidly changing media environment influences democratic citizenship. Rather than strengthening or weakening citizenship per se, the present study analyzes whether traditional news and interactive online media encourage different forms of civic and political engagement among adolescents. More specifically, we use three waves of annually gathered panel data to study Swedish adolescents’ development of self-actualizing (AC) and dutiful (DC) citizen qualities. Overall, the analyses lend support for the AC-DC model, and suggest that communicative practices matter. While traditional news media use is related to DC qualities—such as institutional participation, political trust, and external efficacy—interactive online media use promotes AC qualities, including both online and offline cause-oriented activism.
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| 46. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981-
(författare)
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Facing the Muhammad Cartoons : Official Dominance and Event-Driven News in Swedish and American Elite Press
- 2007
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Ingår i: Harvard Internation Journal of Press/Politics. - 1081-180X .- 1531-328X. ; 12:4, s. 131-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Past research has shown that official actors have an advantagewhen it comes to accessing and framing political issues in thenews media. This study examines the dynamics of official dominanceand event-driven news from a comparative perspective, focusingon the Muhammad cartoons controversy. A model of official dominanceand event-driven news, taking media system factors into account,is developed and tested using a quantitative and qualitativeresearch design. The results show that an intolerance framedominated over a freedom-of-speech frame in both the Swedishand the American elite press. Furthermore, although dramaticevents opened windows of opportunity for unofficial actors,the consequences of intensified coverage for the ratio betweenunofficial and official voices were more profound in the UnitedStates. Finally, there is some evidence of more active journalisticframing in the Swedish papers.
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- Shehata, Adam, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Political News From Social Media: Network Media Logic and Current Affairs News Learning in a High- Choice Media Environment
- 2021
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Ingår i: Communication Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0093-6502 .- 1552-3810. ; 48:1, s. 125-147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the migration from traditional news media to social media, understanding how citizens learn about politics and current affairs from these sources has become increasingly important. Based on the concept of network media logic, distinct from traditional mass media logic, this study investigates whether using social media as a source of political news compensates for not using traditional news media in terms of political and current affairs learning. Using two panel studies conducted in two different political contexts—an election setting and a nonelection setting—the results show positive learning effects from using traditional news media and online news websites, but not from using social media. Taken together, the findings suggest that using social media to follow news about politics and current affairs does not compensate for not using traditional news media in terms of learning a diverse and broad set of general political news.
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| 50. |
- Shehata, Adam, 1981-
(författare)
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Marking Journalistic Independence : Official Dominance and the Rule of Product Substitution in Swedish Press Coverage
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Communication Association, Chicago 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Independence and autonomy from political power are core values among professional journalists in most western societies. At the same time, research has shown that news media organizations are highly dependent on official political actors for the construction of news. The purpose of this study is to analyze the nature of official dominance and manifestations of news media independence in routine political press coverage in Sweden. Building upon three related theories of news media behavior – the indexing hypotheses, the dynamics of event-driven news, and the rule of product substitution – a set of hypotheses is derived and tested using a content analysis of 835 news stories published in Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet during a 15-week period in 2008. While official actors dominate news coverage both in terms of source use and story initiation, evidence for a rule of product substitution is found.
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