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- Kalantari, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling high resolution discharge dynamics nearby road structure, using data from small catchment and 3 different models
- 2011
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Ingår i: 34th IAHR World Congress 2011. ; , s. 226-232
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The climate change may lead to an increase in the frequency of extreme precipitation events and floods as well as changes in frost/thawing cycles. This will have impacts on the performance and life time of road infrastructures. The frequency of road closures and other incidences will probably increase.This paper is based on an ongoing collaboration with ClimRunoff project financed by the Norwegian Research Council. The results from this cooperation will be used in the research project financed by the Swedish Road Administration.This study has started with the focus on quantifying discharge of catchment areas draining towards roads. The first priority of this study is to create a model that can evaluate the run-off situations under spring situation (i.e. overland flow due to snowmelt and partially frozen soils). This modeling study has just been carried out for a small agricultural catchment in Norway using 3 different models (MIKE SHE, LISEM and CoupModel). This study aims at:• Evaluation of suitable hydrological models to quantify the spring discharge• Identification of problems with available data and models to quantify the role of climate impacts• Identifying the specific role of groundwater and surface runoff to the discharge dynamicsThe models evaluated differ with respect to aggregation level (time and space) and representation of the hydrological processes. Especially winter related processes as snow accumulation, melt and infiltration into partially frozen soils are discussed.
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- Kalantari, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying the hydrological impact of simulated changes in land use on peak discharge in a small catchment
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 466, s. 741-754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A physically-based, distributed hydrological model (MIKE SHE) was used to quantify overland runoff in response to four extreme rain events and four types of simulated land use measure in a catchment in Norway. The current land use in the catchment comprises arable lands, forest, urban areas and a stream that passes under a motorway at the catchment outlet. This model simulation study demonstrates how the composition and configuration of land use measures affect discharge at the catchment outlet differently in response to storms of different sizes. For example, clear-cutting on 30% of the catchment area produced a 60% increase in peak discharge and a 10% increase in total runoff resulting from a 50-year storm event in summer, but the effects on peak discharge were less pronounced during smaller storms. Reforestation of 60% of the catchment area was the most effective measure in reducing peak flows for smaller (2-, 5- and 10-year) storms. Introducing grassed waterways reduced water velocity in the stream and resulted in a 28% reduction in peak flow at the catchment outlet for the 50-year storm event. Overall, the results indicate that the specific effect of land use measures on catchment discharge depends on their spatial distribution and on the size and timing of storm events.
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