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Arbetsliv och samhällsförändringar
- 2005
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vad hände egentligen med drömmen om det goda arbetet? Hur kunde 1900-talets många arbetslivsreformer följas av den sjukskrivningsvåg som Sverige upplevde under början av 2000-talet? I denna antologi med författare från skilda ämnesinriktningar presenteras en mångfacetterad och idérik bild av ett samhälle och ett arbetsliv stadda i snabb och omfattande förändring. Bokens genomgående tema är att inte bara arbetstagare utan även arbetsgivare vinner på att skapa delaktighet, flexibilitet, mindre stress och mer samspel mellan privat- och arbetsliv. Ett förändrat ledarskap och nya former av organisering kan ge bättre arbetsmiljö och arbetstillfredsställelse, med såväl ökad hälsa som ökad lönsamhet som följd. Boken vänder sig till studerande på kurser inom samhällsvetenskap och ekonomi vid universitet och högskola. Den är också stimulerande läsning för alla de involverade i arbetet för att skapa ett väl fungerande arbetsliv.
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| 2. |
- Augustsson, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Swedish Managers in TWA Act as Boundary Spanners
- 2010
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In: Leadership & Organization Development Journal. - : Emerald. - 0143-7739 .- 1472-5347. ; 31:1, s. 4-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the complexity of manpower management in temporary work agencies (TWA). The aim is to investigate to which extent the managers reflects the features of boundary spanners. Design/methodology/approach – The results come from a case study where manpower managers at one of the biggest TWAs in Sweden are interviewed. Findings – TWAs' boundary-spanning managers mediate between the opinions of the clients, the TWAs, and the individual temps as well as balancing between trust and risk. The findings reveal the relevance of the managers' application of a flexible and a dialectical approach when delivering service to clients, the TWA and the temps. This flexible approach means being able to simultaneously embrace these three perspectives of interests. A dialectical approach involves being able to: systematically balance between the opposing pair of trust and risk and search for the most functional option and not relate others' opinions to one's own personal values. Research limitations/implications – The interview data come from a case study at only one TWA and it is collected in a limited number of interview subjects. Practical implications – The results can provide useful information for recruiters of manpower managers in a TWA when choosing staff members that can enhance strategic management of temps. The results can also be of assistance for managers when interacting with both customers and temps. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the literature by an analysis of the complex working conditions under which manpower managers in TWAs work.
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- Fjæstad, Björn, 1943-, et al.
(author)
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Dualism i välfärdssamhället
- 2005
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In: Arbetsliv och samhällsförändringar. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 914403878X ; , s. 17-28
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Framtiden är förutsägbar och oförutsägbar. Ökad offentlig sektor - men mer privatiseringar, Traditionalism - men nytänkande, God arbetsmiljö - men ökade sjukskrivningar, Mer marknadsekonomi - men ökad korporativism, Kunskapsbildningens demokratisering - och profanisering, Ökad information - men pkade kunskapsklyftor, Bättre karriärmöjligheter - men ojämställda karriärer, Förstärkta värderingsmotsättningar mellan stad och landsbygd, Framtiden, På jobbet - Om det goda arbetet
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- Nyhlén, Sara
(author)
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Regionalpolitik i förändring : en fallstudie av regionalpolitikens aktörer och former i Åre kommun
- 2013
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Regional politics is changing; it is transforming from being mainly a responsibility of the central state to a concern that is more for the regional or local governments. At the same time, there are signs of a transformation of the political system in general. The development indicates a decreasing hierarchy as the power of the state is challenged and the political agents are increasing in number. This indicates that the political agents are changing but there are also indications that the political forms are transforming. The politics is increasingly characterised by project and process politics, networks, cooperation and partnerships. This transformation is generally described as the transformation “from government to governance”. New governance is one of the most frequently discussed issues in contemporary political science literature, and this has led to a wide variety of conceptualizations. Considering the changing regional politics and general changes as the political forms and agents, this thesis studies who governs the regional politics and how regional politics is governed.The purpose of this thesis is to provide empirical contributions in order to increase the understanding of changes in regional politics at the local level. This is done by dividing governance modes into typologies. Four political processes at the local level in the municipality of Åre between the years 1973-2007 are analyzed. The thesis is based on qualitative semi-structured elite interviews. The informants have been selected by snowball sampling. The interviews have also been complemented by documentary studies. The documents that have been studied are the protocols from the municipal assembly from 1973, when the municipality was created, to??2007. The documents also consist of the parish archives (sockenkrönikor) governmental reports and official documents of the local and state-level government. The material has been analyzed by using process tracing.The main results of the study are that there have been changes in the regional politics at the local level in relation to the political agents and the forms of politics. The 1970s were characterized by strong state power and hierarchy. The political processes have increasingly been characterized by the typology of the new governance. The study has shown that in practice the regional politics in Åre is characterized by both traditional governance and new governance at the same time there has not been a paradigmatic shift. The elements of new governance are increasing but there are still significant signs of the traditional bureaucratic system such as hierarchy and ordered rule. As the signs of new governance increase, the political entrepreneurs play a bigger role in the processes being analyzed. The study also shows that the critique of traditional forms of governance relating to participation and influence has not become irrelevant as the signs of new governance increases.
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| 17. |
- Olofsdotter, Gunilla, 1957-
(author)
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Flexibilitetens främlingar : - om anställda i bemanningsföretag
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Temporary Work Agencies (TWAs) are an example of a trend towards flexibility in the labour market. By hiring staff from TWAs organisations can keep their staff numbers down. This however, refers to the client companies´ use or temps, and omits the intermediary, the TWA, which also needs various flexibility strategies in its activities. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the organising of TWAs supply of manpower to different clients companies, and how managers and temps experience their terms of employment, working conditions and relationships with regular employees at the client companies. Two qualitative case studies were conducted. In study one, interviews have been carried out with managers and temps in a TWA and a client company in Jämtland. In the second study, managers and temps in an international TWA in Sweden were interviewed. The results show that both managers and temps work under complex conditions and demands on flexibility. The managers shall, by flexible prioritising, satisfy demands from the TWA on profitability, demands from client companies´ for an adaptable workforce and temps need of employment and community. The results also indicate that temps have to balance between a position as stranger and outsider, and handle insecurity of the assignments duration and spatial location. They have to be able to manoeuvre between the power inequalities, stigmatisation and exclusion they encounter in working conditions and social interactions in client companies. To handle such situations the ideal temp and manager have to be able to vary between distance and nearness in spatiality and indifference and involvement in social relations.
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- Svensson, Fredrik
(author)
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Essays on entrepreneurship and bureaucracy
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis is to explore the theoretical and empirical relationship between entrepreneurship and bureaucracy, and to examine the cause and effect of entrepreneurship. From this overall aim, four specific questions are investigated. The first question deals with the issue of combining agency and structural explanations of entrepreneurship. Traditional one-sided explanations are discussed, and a two-sided explanatory model of the entrepreneurial choice is presented and tested empirically. In relation to this, the issue of causal heterogeneity is discussed and tested. The empirical results indicate that several country-level variables, including bureaucracy, influence the entrepreneurial choice at the individual level, and that the effect of some individual variables on the entrepreneurial choice varies according to structural context. The following two questions deal with the relationship between the entrepreneur and bureaucracy. The first one describes how the entrepreneurial process is regulated by bureaucracy, and how entrepreneurs solve regulatory problems. From this study it is clear that the smaller entrepreneurs comply with 'good' law in order to enjoy the benefits of formality, and avoid 'bad' law to reduce the costs of formality. The larger entrepreneurs comply with all regulations and are very frustrated over delays and inefficiency. The smaller entrepreneurs have a more understanding attitude towards bureaucratic inefficiency and have less trouble solving regulative problems. Both groups have strategies for solving regulative problems; most frequently this involves social ties with public officials and bribes. The second of the relationship questions investigates the extent to which entrepreneurs are obstructed by or dissatisfied with the regulatory authorities, and whether this varies over different types of entrepreneurs. Based on Schumpeter’s distinction between entrepreneurs and other, less creative, business owners, the overall results indicate that creative companies have larger problems with regulatory authorities. The conclusion is that bureaucracy tends to be a problem with regard to new ideas, but not for new companies. The fourth question raised deals with the economic effects of entrepreneurship and bureaucracy. Can entrepreneurship and bureaucracy explain variation in economic development across countries? The results indicate that entrepreneurship combined with bureaucracy offer high explanatory values and that a large part of the variance in economic development, left unexplained by agency behaviour, is explained by the regulation of that behaviour. In terms of policy implications the results indicate that the removal of bureaucratic barriers to entrepreneurs could have large potential payoffs in terms of economic growth.
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- Svensson, Sven, et al.
(author)
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Temporary agency workers and their psychological contracts
- 2010
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In: Employee relations. - : Emerald. - 0142-5455 .- 1758-7069. ; 32:2, s. 184-199
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The aim of this article is to test the assumption that both management and co-workers constitute multiple contract constituencies, as advocated for in recent research on psychological contracts. It also aims to test the theory of cognitive schemas as predictors of psychological contract development. Finally, it aims to examine the validity of the relational subscale of psychological contracts. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through three survey studies in different workplaces, areas and settings and were analyzed through Fisher's exact test, principal component analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Findings – The results supported the notion of multiple contract constituencies. Partial support was found for the theory of cognitive schemas and their influence on psychological contract development. The study also revealed new sub-dimensions of the psychological contract, here called “Fellowship” and “Challenge/Development”. These new sub-dimensions respond differently to predictors that, according to psychological contract theory, are supposed to generate similar effects. Research limitations/implications – Since the findings of this study call into question some of the earlier research: it would be desirable to study psychological contracts, using a multiple foci approach, with a greater, random, sample. Practical implications – The results indicate a need to draw further attention to the role of the co-workers in the integration of agency staff in client companies. Originality/value – Since no previous study has tested the notion of co-workers as constituencies of the psychological contract, these empirical results will challenge much previous research on the concept of psychological contracts.
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- Wolvén, Lars-Erik
(author)
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Att utveckla mänskliga resurser i organisationer : om ledarskap, organisering, kultur och kompetens
- 2000
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mänskliga resurser är avgörande för organisationers utveckling och överlevnad. I alla organisationer finns det därför ett stort behov av att ta tillvara, utveckla och mobilisera mänskliga resurser. Med utgångspunkt från detta perspektiv behandlas här ämnen som ledarskap, organisationsteori, organisationsutveck-ling, kultur och kompetens, arbetets innehåll samt vilken betydelse som mänskliga resurser får i framtidens samhälle. Boken vänder sig till studerande vid universitet och högskolor i bl.a. företagsekonomi, sociologi, psykologi och statsvetenskap. Den är också värdefull för alla som praktiskt arbetar med ledarskap och organisationsutveckling.
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