| 51. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Active Matrix Displays Based on All-Organic Electrochemical Smart Pixels Printed on Paper
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - Weinheim, Germany : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 14:20, s. 1460-1464
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An organic electronic paper display technology (see Figure and also inside front cover) is presented. The electrochromic display cell together with the addressing electrochemical transistor form simple smart pixels that are included in matrix displays, which are achieved on coated cellulose-based paper using printing techniques. The ion-electronic technology presented offers an opportunity to extend existing use of ordinary paper.
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| 52. |
- Andersson, Peter, 1976-
(författare)
-
Electrochromic Polymer Devices: Active-Matrix Displays and Switchable Polarizers
- 2006
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Major efforts have been spent during recent years in worldwide attempts to achieve an electronic paper technology; the common name for novel flexible displays utilizing substrates such as paper, plastics or thin metal sheets. Various kinds of technology are available that potentially will be used for an electronic paper, which differs from each other mainly with respect to the choice of active materials, substrates and manufacturing techniques. There are many applications for electronic paper technology, ranging from high-resolution displays used in electronic books to updateable large-area billboards. The latter suggests a novel electronic display function that could extend the utilization of cellulose-based paper, which is one of the most common materials ever produced by mankind, by using the paper as a thin and flexible carrier. The requirement for fast update speed in such large area applications would probably be a bit more relaxed compared to traditional display technologies, while low-power consumption and bi-stability are among the factors that should be further emphasized, together with the utilization of well-established printing techniques to enable low-cost manufacturing of the displays. The choice of active materials is therefore crucial in order to reach these objectives in reality and this paves the way for printable conjugated polymers with electrochromic properties. Chemical synthesis of these materials during the last decades has resulted in a vast variety of electrochromic polymers with custom-tailored functionality covering a broad range of optical absorption and electrical conductivities.This thesis review the studies done on the electrochemical switching of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). For this material both the electrical conductivity and the optical absorption is controlled by the oxidation state. Active matrix addressed displays that are printed on flexible substrates have been obtained by arranging electrochemical smart pixels, based on the combination of electrochemical transistors and electrochromic display cells, into cross-point matrices. The resulting polymer-based active-matrix displays are operated at low voltages and the same active material can be used in electrochemical transistors and conducting lines and in electrochromic display cells employing the electronic and the opto-electonic properties of the material, respectively. In addition to this, a switchable optical polarizer is briefly discussed. This is a device utilizing electrochromism of stretch-aligned polyaniline (PANI). The combination of two identical devices in a vertical architecture, orthogonally oriented with respect to each other, results in a filter in which the orientation of the polarized optical absorption is governed by the voltage polarity applied to the device.
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| 53. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Low symptomatic load in Crohn's disease with surgery and medicine as complementary treatments
- 1998
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 33:4, s. 423-429
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The treatment of Crohn's disease has changed owing to the recognition of its chronicity. Medical maintenance treatment and limited resections have evolved as major concepts of management, regarded as complementary, and both aim at reducing the symptoms.Methods: We investigated the symptomatic load in Crohn's disease as reflected in a cross-sectional study of the symptom index, physicians' assessment, and the patients' perception of health. A cohort of 212 patients from the primary catchment area and 125 referred patients were studied.Results: Of catchment area patients, 83% were receiving medication, and the annual rate of abdominal surgery was 5.7%. Corresponding figures for the referred patients were 82% and 10.3%. According to the symptom index, 87% of catchment area patients were in remission or had only mild symptoms; according to the physicians' assessment, 90% were. The patients' median perception of health was 90% of perfect health according to the visual analogue scale. The figures were similar for referred patients, except that referrals were considered more diseased by the physician.Conclusion: The great majority of patients with Crohn's disease are able to live in remission or experience only mild symptoms.
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| 54. |
- Andersson, Per Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Balanced Scorecard i landsting - erfarenheter från tolv projekt i Region Skåne
- 2000
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport sammanfattar och reflekterar över lärdomar från tolv Balanced Scorecard projekt. Rapporten skall i första hand läsas som ett bidrag till diskussionen om relevansen av Balanced Scorecard i utvecklingen av kommunala sektorns styrsystem. Vad som förmedlas är en illustration av och reflektion över styrmodellens förtjänster och till¬korta¬kommanden. Rapporten är ett resultat av ett utvecklingsprogram för Region Skånes ekonomer under åren 1998-1999. Under programmens löptid fick 48 ekonomer arbeta med att sälja in, förankra och igångsätta ett utvecklingsarbete med fokus på Balanced Scorecard i 12 enheter inom Region Skåne. Genomförda projektarbeten doku¬menterades i tolv projekt¬rapporter, som i redigerat och förkortat skick bildar stommen i denna rapport. Med tanke på att det finns få dokumenterade beskrivningar av hur man de facto kan arbeta med BSC inom den kommunala sektorn är förhoppningen att rapporten kan vara till glädje för de som är nyfikna på BSC. Rapporten innehåller också diskussioner kring relationen mellan BSC och övriga styrsystem.
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| 55. |
- Andersson, Per Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Balanced Scorecards förtjänstfulla töjbarhet
- 2000
-
Ingår i: Kommunal ekonomi. - 0282-0099. ; :2000:5, s. 30-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Artikeln beskriver och analyserar alternativa sätt att använda sig av Balancerat styrkort inom en rad olika verksamheter inom hälso och sjukvård.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Organic Electrochemical Smart Pixels
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings. ; , s. D6.6-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
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| 61. |
- Andersson, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment with oral anticoagulant drugs restrained from patients with atrial fibrillation : An assessment in a geographically well-defined catchment area
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4881 .- 2047-4873. ; 23:13, s. 1437-1443
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects about 3.2% of the adult population in the western world and incurs an annual stroke risk of 4.5%. The use of oral anticoagulant (OAC) drugs significantly reduces this risk. OAC drugs seem to be under-utilized, but little is known about why their use is restrained in routine clinical management. The aim of this study was to assess this issue and, from these data, to estimate the proportion of patients with AF in a general population who were eligible for treatment with OAC drugs.DESIGN: Retrospective study of medical records.METHODS: The study included all identified patients with AF in a well-defined catchment area of 65,532 people, among whom 1616 (3.2%) had documented AF. Of the patients with AF, 588 (36%) were originally reported not to be receiving OAC drugs. The patient-responsible physicians (n = 24) were requested to complete a standardized questionnaire to assess the reason for restraining the use of OAC drugs for each individual patient.RESULTS: Of the 588 patients originally reported not to be receiving OAC drugs, eight were shown to be using OAC drugs and seven were lost to follow up. Thus the reason for restraining OAC drugs was finally assessed in 573 patients. The primary reasons were: lack of indication, 26%; declined general condition, 14%; a history of bleeding, 12%; assumed poor compliance, 11%; repeated falls, 6%; and reason unknown, 9%.CONCLUSIONS: This is, to our knowledge, the first study to assess the reasons for restraining the use of OAC drugs in a geographically well-defined population including all hospital-based and non-hospital-based healthcare. Applying CHA2DS2-VASc and new strategies for OAC drugs to our study data indicated that between 72 and 88% of all patients with AF are eligible for treatment with OAC drugs.
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| 62. |
- Andersson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
-
Akut gastroenterologi i fokus
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Svensk kirurgi. - 0346-847X. ; 60, s. 336-336
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
- Andree, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Knowledge Products from Close-To-Practice Research
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Round table presentation at the NERA-conference, 6-8 March, Malmö University.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ‘Close-to-practice research’ has received increased attention across the Nordic countries. Following the British Education Research Association (BERA), the notion of ‘close-to-practice research’ is used to refer to educational research that is based on problems in practice, often involves researchers working in partnership with practitioners in schools and addresses issues of relevance to practitioners. This roundtable focuses on how close-to-practice research can contribute to the knowledge base of the teaching profession by bringing together perspectives from didactics, school improvement and educational policy. More specifically, the interest is directed toward what characterizes the knowledge produced through practice-based research that may have significance for teachers' professional knowledge base and practice. The roundtable conversation builds on a previous analysis of what kinds of knowledge products are generated in didactic close-to-practice research where teachers and researchers work together within the research environment Stockholm Teaching & Learning Studies. As a result of this analysis a typology of knowledge products was proposed including: (i) descriptions of knowing, (ii) teaching design, (iii) didactic examples and (iv) methodological tools. It has been proposed that additional knowledge products may be developed, such as artifacts to be used in teaching (e.g. lesson plans, visual representations). The roundtable will include the following points of discussion: 1) a brief presentation of the typology, 2) challenging and developing the typology of knowledge products proposed by previous research by investigating different cases of close-to-practice research from traditions of action research and practice-developing research within subject-didactics, and 3) discussing how the notion of knowledge products may contribute to advancing the conversation on cumulativity in the field of educational research in general, and in relation to syntheses of close-to-practice research in particular. The participants will be engaged in conversations on the desirability and feasibility of striving towards cumulativity.
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
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| 68. |
- Backlund, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Breaking Out of the Bubble Putting Simulation Into Context to Increase Immersion and Performance
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal Simulation & Gaming. - : Sage Publications. - 1046-8781 .- 1552-826X. ; 49:6, s. 642-660
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Simulation based training with full-size mannequins is a prominent means of training within the healthcare sector. Prehospital missions include all parts of the healthcare process which take place before a patient is handed over to the receiving hospital. This implies that the context for prehospital care is varied and potentially challenging or dangerous in several ways. In this article we present a study which explores immersion and performance by emergency medical services (EMS) professionals in in a training situation which takes the specifics of prehospital interventions into account.Methods. The study was carried out as a field experiment at an ambulance unit. The experiment was designed to compare the differences between two types of medical scenarios: basic and contextualized. We analyzed the levels of immersion throughout the scenarios and then team performance was evaluated by independent experts. Both analyses were made by observing video recordings from multiple camera angles with a custom made analysis tool.Results. Our results show that the contextualization of a medical scenario increases both immersion as measured by the Immersion Score Rating Instrument (ISRI) and team performance as measured by the Global Rating Scale (GRS). The overall ISRI score was higher in the contextualized condition as compared to the basic condition, with an average team wise difference of 2.94 (sd = 1.45). This difference is significant using a paired, two-tailed t-test (p<.001). The GRS score was higher for overall clinical performance in the contextualized scenario with an average team wise difference of 0.83 (sd = 0.83, p=.005).Conclusions. Full-size mannequin simulation based training for EMS professionals may be enhanced by contextualizing the medical scenarios. The main benefits are that the contextualized scenarios better take prehospital medical challenges into account and allow participants to perform better.
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| 69. |
- Backlund, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhancing Immersion with Contextualized Scenarios: Role-Playing in Prehospital Care Training
- 2015
-
Ingår i: 2015 7th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-Games). - Skövde : IEEE Computer Society. ; , s. 167-170
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on a field experiment with 12 paramedic teams (n=24) exploring how they perceive a novel training approach. The feeling of being engaged in training (i.e. being immersed) is often held forward as a major benefit of roleplaying exercises. Engagement is expected to raise the quality of training as well as improving learning and retention. However, much simulation-based training in prehospital care is decontextualized, meaning that medical care is trained without taking other characteristics of prehospital care into account. In this paper we investigate how a richer setting (contextualization), which includes more of the complicating aspects of prehospital care, affects the perceived immersion of the participants. The results show that contextualization has a significant positive impact on perceived immersion. These results are important for further studies on how to organize and design role-playing exercises.
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| 70. |
- Backlund, Per, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
-
The S.A.R.E.K Simulation Environment : Technical description of a flexible training environment for prehospital care
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report contains a technical description of the result of the S.A.R.E.K (Simulation – Ambulance – Research – Education - Kinship) collaboration project and the Sim2020 project. The projects are collaborations between researchers in healthcare and IT, and prehospital care practitioners, with the aim to design, develop and test a contextualized simulation environment for prehospital care. We built a simulation environment representing the full depth and width of a prehospital care process. Breadth refers to including all phases of a prehospital mission, from dispatch to handover; while depth refers to detailed representations and recreation of artefacts, information and context for each of these phases. This report outlines the details of the overall design, all equipment and practical solutions used to create this. Apart from the installation which is described in this report we have also developed methods and carried out a variety of tests and experiments which are reported elsewhere. The focus of this report is the system and its components.
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| 71. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility studies for the measurement of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors from (p)over-barp -> mu(+)mu(-) at PANDA at FAIR
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - NEW YORK, USA : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports on Monte Carlo simulation results for future measurements of the moduli of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors, vertical bar G(E)vertical bar and vertical bar G(M)vertical bar, using the (p) over barp -> mu(+)mu(-) reaction at PANDA (FAIR). The electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities parameterizing the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons. This work estimates the statistical and total accuracy with which the form factors can be measured at PANDA, using an analysis of simulated data within the PandaRoot software framework. The most crucial background channel is (p) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-), due to the very similar behavior of muons and pions in the detector. The suppression factors are evaluated for this and all other relevant background channels at different values of antiproton beam momentum. The signal/background separation is based on a multivariate analysis, using the Boosted Decision Trees method. An expected background subtraction is included in this study, based on realistic angular distributions of the background contribution. Systematic uncertainties are considered and the relative total uncertainties of the form factor measurements are presented.
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| 72. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
PANDA Phase One
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt, Germany, provides unique possibilities for a new generation of hadron-, nuclear- and atomic physics experiments. The future antiProton ANnihilations at DArmstadt (PANDA or PANDA) experiment at FAIR will offer a broad physics programme, covering different aspects of the strong interaction. Understanding the latter in the non-perturbative regime remains one of the greatest challenges in contemporary physics. The antiproton-nucleon interaction studied with PANDA provides crucial tests in this area. Furthermore, the high-intensity, low-energy domain of PANDA allows for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, e.g. through high precision symmetry tests. This paper takes into account a staged approach for the detector setup and for the delivered luminosity from the accelerator. The available detector setup at the time of the delivery of the first antiproton beams in the HESR storage ring is referred to as the Phase One setup. The physics programme that is achievable during Phase One is outlined in this paper.
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| 73. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Precision resonance energy scans with the PANDA experiment at FAIR : Sensitivity study for width and line shape measurements of the X(3872)
- 2019
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : SPRINGER. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 55:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarises a comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation study for precision resonance energy scan measurements. Apart from the proof of principle for natural width and line shape measurements of very narrow resonances with PANDA, the achievable sensitivities are quantified for the concrete example of the charmonium-like X(3872) state discussed to be exotic, and for a larger parameter space of various assumed signal cross-sections, input widths and luminosity combinations. PANDA is the only experiment that will be able to perform precision resonance energy scans of such narrow states with quantum numbers of spin and parities that differ from JPC=1--.
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| 74. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Study of excited Ξ baryons with the P¯ ANDA detector
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of baryon excitation spectra provides insight into the inner structure of baryons. So far, most of the world-wide efforts have been directed towards N∗ and Δ spectroscopy. Nevertheless, the study of the double and triple strange baryon spectrum provides independent information to the N∗ and Δ spectra. The future antiproton experiment P¯ANDA will provide direct access to final states containing a Ξ¯ Ξ pair, for which production cross sections up to μb are expected in p¯p reactions. With a luminosity of L= 10 31 cm- 2 s- 1 in the first phase of the experiment, the expected cross sections correspond to a production rate of ∼106events/day. With a nearly 4 π detector acceptance, P¯ANDA will thus be a hyperon factory. In this study, reactions of the type p¯p → Ξ¯ +Ξ∗ - as well as p¯p → Ξ¯ ∗ +Ξ- with various decay modes are investigated. For the exclusive reconstruction of the signal events a full decay tree fit is used, resulting in reconstruction efficiencies between 3 and 5%. This allows high statistics data to be collected within a few weeks of data taking.
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| 75. |
- Barucca, G., et al.
(författare)
-
The potential of Λ and Ξ- studies with PANDA at FAIR
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Nature. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 57:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The antiproton experiment PANDA at FAIR is designed to bring hadron physics to a new level in terms of scope, precision and accuracy. In this work, its unique capability for studies of hyperons is outlined. We discuss ground-state hyperons as diagnostic tools to study non-perturbative aspects of the strong interaction, and fundamental symmetries. New simulation studies have been carried out for two benchmark hyperon-antihyperon production channels: p¯ p→ Λ¯ Λ and p¯ p→ Ξ¯ +Ξ-. The results, presented in detail in this paper, show that hyperon-antihyperon pairs from these reactions can be exclusively reconstructed with high efficiency and very low background contamination. In addition, the polarisation and spin correlations have been studied, exploiting the weak, self-analysing decay of hyperons and antihyperons. Two independent approaches to the finite efficiency have been applied and evaluated: one standard multidimensional efficiency correction approach, and one efficiency independent approach. The applicability of the latter was thoroughly evaluated for all channels, beam momenta and observables. The standard method yields good results in all cases, and shows that spin observables can be studied with high precision and accuracy already in the first phase of data taking with PANDA.
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| 76. |
- Berglund, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Delaktighet och hälsa : med ungdomar och beslutsfattare i Simrishamn mot hållbara strategier för ökad egenmakt, livskvalitet och jämlikhet i hälsa
- 2011
-
Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trots att vi lever i ett välfärdssamhälle, där kunskap och resurser inte borde vara något problem, ser vi en bestående ojämlikhet i hälsa och en ökande psykosocial ohälsa bland ungdomar. Hur är detta möjligt och vad kan man göra åt det? Genom vilka sociala interventioner och andra insatser kan unga människors reella delaktighet, egenmakt, välfärd, livskvalitet och hälsa främjas på ett hållbart sätt? Denna rapport från en pilotstudie genomförd i Simrishamn presenterar de teoretiska och empiriska bevekelsegrunderna för hur och varför en deltagarbaserad aktionsforskningsansats skulle kunna vara ett bra sätt att arbeta för att förbättra villkoren för ungdomars hälsa. Rapporten förespråkar dels ett ökat tvärvetenskapligt och professionsöverskridande samarbete mellan forskare och beslutsfattare, dels ett nära samarbete med ungdomarna själva. Det handlar om att få till stånd ett mer jämlikt utbyte av kunskap målgrupper och makthavare emellan – och därmed förhoppningsvis ett i längden mer jämlikt inflytande över användningen av samhällets resurser.
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| 77. |
- Berglund, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Delaktighet och hälsa : med ungdomar och beslutsfattare i Simrishamn mot hållbara strategier för ökad egenmakt, livskvalitet och jämlikhet i hälsa
- 2011
-
Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Trots att vi lever i ett välfärdssamhälle, där kunskap och resurser inte borde vara något problem, ser vi en bestående ojämlikhet i hälsa och en ökande psykosocial ohälsa bland ungdomar. Hur är detta möjligt och vad kan man göra åt det? Genom vilka sociala interventioner och andra insatser kan unga människors reella delaktighet, egenmakt, välfärd, livskvalitet och hälsa främjas på ett hållbart sätt? Denna rapport från en pilotstudie genomförd i Simrishamn presenterar de teoretiska och empiriska bevekelsegrunderna för hur och varför en deltagarbaserad aktionsforskningsansats skulle kunna vara ett bra sätt att arbeta för att förbättra villkoren för ungdomars hälsa. Rapporten förespråkar dels ett ökat tvärvetenskapligt och professionsöverskridande samarbete mellan forskare och beslutsfattare, dels ett nära samarbete med ungdomarna själva. Det handlar om att få till stånd ett mer jämlikt utbyte av kunskap målgrupper och makthavare emellan – och därmed förhoppningsvis ett i längden mer jämlikt inflytande över användningen av samhällets resurser.
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| 78. |
- Berglund, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
-
Delaktighet och hälsa: med ungdomar och beslutsfattare mot hållbara strategier för ökad egenmakt, livskvalitet och jämlikhet i hälsa : Delrapport 1: Utgångspunkter för en deltagarbaserad aktionsforskningsansats
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trots att vi lever i ett välfärdssamhälle, där kunskap och resurser inte borde vara något problem, ser vi en bestående ojämlikhet i hälsa och en ökande psykosocial ohälsa bland ungdomar. Hur är detta möjligt och vad kan man göra åt det? Genom vilka sociala interventioner och andra insatser kan unga människors reella delaktighet, egenmakt, välfärd, livskvalitet och hälsa främjas på ett hållbart sätt? Denna rapport från en pilotstudie genomförd i Simrishamn presenterar de teoretiska och empiriska bevekelsegrunderna för hur och varför en deltagarbaserad aktionsforskningsansats skulle kunna vara ett bra sätt att arbeta för att förbättra villkoren för ungdomars hälsa. Rapporten förespråkar dels ett ökat tvärvetenskapligt och professionsöverskridande samarbete mellan forskare och beslutsfattare, dels ett nära samarbete med ungdomarna själva. Det handlar om att få till stånd ett mer jämlikt utbyte av kunskap målgrupper och makthavare emellan – och därmed förhoppningsvis ett i längden mer jämlikt inflytande över användningen av samhällets resurser.
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| 79. |
- Bergström, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-Report Tool for Identification of Individuals With Coronary Atherosclerosis : The Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; , s. 1-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging is a marker of elevated cardiovascular risk. However, imaging involves large resources and exposure to radiation. The aim was, therefore, to test whether nonimaging data, specifically data that can be self-reported, could be used to identify individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis.METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the population-based SCAPIS (Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study) in individuals with coronary computed tomography angiography (n=25 182) and coronary artery calcification score (n=28 701), aged 50 to 64 years without previous ischemic heart disease. We developed a risk prediction tool using variables that could be assessed from home (self-report tool). For comparison, we also developed a tool using variables from laboratory tests, physical examinations, and self-report (clinical tool) and evaluated both models using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, external validation, and benchmarked against factors in the pooled cohort equation. The self-report tool (n=14 variables) and the clinical tool (n=23 variables) showed high-to-excellent discriminative ability to identify a segment involvement score ≥4 (area under the curve 0.79 and 0.80, respectively) and significantly better than the pooled cohort equation (area under the curve 0.76, P<0.001). The tools showed a larger net benefit in clinical decision-making at relevant threshold probabilities. The self-report tool identified 65% of all individuals with a segment involvement score ≥4 in the top 30% of the highest-risk individuals. Tools developed for coronary artery calcification score ≥100 performed similarly. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a self-report tool that effectively identifies individuals with moderate to severe coronary atherosclerosis. The self-report tool may serve as prescreening tool toward a cost-effective computed tomography-based screening program for high-risk individuals.
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
|
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| 82. |
- Bounechada, Djamela, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Vibrational Study of SOx Adsorption on Pt/SiO2
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 118:51, s. 29713-29723
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The formation of ad-SOx species on Pt/SiO2 upon exposure to SO2 in concentrations rang- ing from 10 to 50 ppm at between 200 and 400◦C has been studied by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformed spectroscopy. In parallel, first-principles calculations have been carried out to consolidate the experimental interpretations. It was found that sulfate species form on the silica surface with a concomitant removal/ rearrangement of silanol groups. For- mation of ad-SOx species occurs only after SO2 oxidation to SO3 on the platinum surface. Thus SO2 oxidation to SO3 is the first step in the SOx adsorption process, followed by spillover of SO3 to the oxide and, finally, the formation of sulfate species on the hydroxyl positions on the oxide. The sulfate formation is influenced by both temperature and SO2 concentration. Furthermore, exposure to hydrogen is shown to be sufficiently efficient as to remove ad-SOx species from the silica surface.
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| 83. |
- Bäcke, Olof, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced thermal stability of a polymer solar cell blend induced by electron beam irradiation in the transmission electron microscope
- 2017
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Ingår i: Ultramicroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2723 .- 0304-3991. ; 173, s. 16-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show by in situ microscopy that the effects of electron beam irradiation during transmission electron microscopy can be used to lock microstructural features and enhance the structural thermal stability of a nanostructured polymer:fullerene blend. Polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction thin films show great promise for use as active layers in organic solar cells but their low thermal stability is a hindrance. Lack of thermal stability complicates manufacturing and influences the lifetime of devices. To investigate how electron irradiation affects the thermal stability of polymer:fullerene films, a model bulk-heterojunction film based on a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer and a fullerene derivative was heat-treated in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. In areas of the film that exposed to the electron beam the nanostructure of the film remained stable, while the nanostructure in areas not exposed to the electron beam underwent large phase separation and nucleation of fullerene crystals. UV–vis spectroscopy shows that the polymer:fullerene films are stable for electron doses up to 2000 kGy.
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| 84. |
- Bäcke, Olof, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Enhanced thermal stability of a polymer solar cell blend induced by electron beam irradiation in the transmission electron microscope
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Ultramicroscopy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2723 .- 0304-3991. ; 176:Spec. Issue, s. 23-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show by in situ microscopy that the effects of electron beam irradiation during transmission electron microscopy can be used to lock microstructural features and enhance the structural thermal stability of a nanostructured polymer:fullerene blend. Polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction thin films show great promise for use as active layers in organic solar cells but their low thermal stability is a hindrance. Lack of thermal stability complicates manufacturing and influences the lifetime of devices. To investigate how electron irradiation affects the thermal stability of polymer:fullerene films, a model bulk-heterojunction film based on a thiophene-quinoxaline copolymer and a fullerene derivative was heat-treated in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. In areas of the film that exposed to the electron beam the nanostructure of the film remained stable, while the nanostructure in areas not exposed to the electron beam underwent large phase separation and nucleation of fullerene crystals. UV–vis spectroscopy shows that the polymer:fullerene films are stable for electron doses up to 2000 kGy.
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| 85. |
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| 86. |
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| 87. |
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| 88. |
- Carlsson, Per-Anders, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Induced low temperature catalytic ignition by transient changes in the gas composition
- 2002
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - 0920-5861. ; 73:3-4, s. 307-313
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of gas composition changes on the low temperature activity for supported platinum model catalysts has been studied. By introducing well-controlled periodic O2 pulses to a simple diluted gas mixture of CO and O2, a substantial improvement of the low temperature oxidation activity was observed. The reason for low activity on noble metals at low temperatures is often attributed to self-poisoning by CO. The improved catalytic performance observed is proposed to origin from the transients causing a surface reactant composition that is favourable for the reaction rate, i.e. lower degree of self-poisoning. This was also confirmed by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in combination with mass spectrometry measurements, which gave evidence for the existence of a strong interplay between the gas phase concentration and the adsorbate composition for these catalysts.
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| 89. |
- Carlsson, Per-Anders, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Low-temperature CO oxidation over a Pt/Al2O3 monolith catalyst investigated by step-response experiments and simulations
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Topics in Catalysis. - 1572-9028 .- 1022-5528. ; 30/31:1-4, s. 375-381
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ignitionextinction processes for CO oxidation over a Pt/Al2O3 monolith catalyst have been studied by flow-reactor experiments and simulations. The study was performed by stepwise changes of the inlet O2 concentration ranging 020 vol% while the CO concentration and the inlet gas temperature were kept constant at 1.0 vol% and 423 K, respectively. Several features observed experimentally are qualitatively simulated with our model: (i) the ignition of the CO oxidation demands 8.0vol% O2 (ii) corresponding to a catalyst ignition temperature of 433 K (due to the exothermicity of the reaction) and (iii) occurs in the rear part of the monolith where (iv) a local reaction zone is formed which (v) moves towards the reactor inlet as a function of time on stream. Additionally, the simulations show first order kinetic phase transitions, i.e. rapid adsorbate concentration changes, where the catalyst surface is predominantly CO covered in the low reactive state and almost completely oxygen covered in the high reactive state. For the ignition process the kinetic phase transition occurs after the actual catalytic ignition. However, the extinction process is more difficult to simulate dynamically without changing the model parameters for O2 adsorption in the low and high reactive state, respectively. The influence of diffusion limitations and the role of formation of a less reactive Pt state under oxidising conditions is discussed.
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| 90. |
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| 91. |
- Carlsson, Per-Anders, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Periodic control for improved low-temperature catalytic activity
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Topics in Catalysis. - 1572-9028 .- 1022-5528. ; 16-17:1-4, s. 343-347
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of transient changes in the gas composition on the low-temperature activity of a commercial three-way catalyst and a Pt/Al2O3 model catalyst has been studied. By introducing well-controlled periodic O2 pulses to simple gas mixtures of CO or C3H6 (in N2), a substantial improvement of the low temperature oxidation activity was observed for both catalysts. The reason for low activity at low temperatures is normally attributed to self-poisoning by CO or hydrocarbons. The improved catalytic performance observed here is suggested to origin from the transients causing a surface reactant composition that is favourable for the reaction rate.
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| 92. |
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| 93. |
- Collaboration, The PANDA, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility studies of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors at PANDA at FAIR
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Publishing Company. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 52:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation results for future measurements of electromagnetic proton form factors at P ¯ ANDA (FAIR) within the PandaRoot software framework are reported. The statistical precision with which the proton form factors can be determined is estimated. The signal channel p¯ p→ e+e- is studied on the basis of two different but consistent procedures. The suppression of the main background channel, i.e.p¯ p→ π+π-, is studied. Furthermore, the background versus signal efficiency, statistical and systematical uncertainties on the extracted proton form factors are evaluated using two different procedures. The results are consistent with those of a previous simulation study using an older, simplified framework. However, a slightly better precision is achieved in the PandaRoot study in a large range of momentum transfer, assuming the nominal beam conditions and detector performance.
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| 94. |
- Colombo, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Matrix effects in nilotinib formulations with pH-responsive polymer produced by carbon dioxide-mediated precipitation
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pharmaceutics. - : Elsevier. - 0378-5173 .- 1873-3476. ; 494:1, s. 205-217
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Factors determining the pH-controlled dissolution kinetics of nilotinib formulations with the pH-titrable polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate, obtained by carbon dioxide-mediated precipitation, were mechanistically examined in acid and neutral environment. The matrix effect, modulating the drug dissolution, was characterized with a battery of physicochemical methodologies, including ToF-SIMS for surface composition, SAXS/WAXS and modulated DSC for crystallization characterization, and simultaneous UV-imaging and Raman spectroscopy for monitoring the dissolution process in detail. The hybrid particle formulations investigated consisted of amorphous nilotinib embedded in a polymer matrix in single continuous phase, displaying extended retained amorphicity also under wet conditions. It was demonstrated by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy that the efficient drug dispersion and amorphization in the polymer matrix were mediated by hydrogen bonding between the drug and the phthalate groups on the polymer. Simultaneous Raman and UV-imaging studies of the effect of drug load on the swelling and dissolution of the polymer matrix revealed that high nilotinib load prevented matrix swelling on passage from acid to neutral pH, thereby preventing re-precipitation and re-crystallization of incorporated nilotinib. These findings provide a mechanistic foundation of formulation development of nilotinib and other protein kinase inhibitors, which are now witnessing an intense therapeutic and industrial attention due to the difficulty in formulating these compounds so that efficient oral bioavailability is reached.
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| 95. |
- Dahlin, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
Internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy for generalized anxiety disorder : A randomized controlled trial
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Behaviour Research and Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-7967 .- 1873-622X. ; 77, s. 86-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a disabling condition which can be treated with cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). The present study tested the effects of therapist-guided internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy on symptoms of GAD and quality of life. An audio CD with acceptance and mindfulness exercises and a separate workbook were also included in the treatment. Participants diagnosed with GAD (N = 103) were randomly allocated to immediate therapist-guided internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy or to a waiting-list control condition. A six month follow-up was also included. Results using hierarchical linear modelling showed moderate to large effects on symptoms of GAD (Cohen's d = 0.70 to 0.98), moderate effects on depressive symptoms (Cohen's d = 0.51 to 0.56), and no effect on quality of life. Follow-up data showed maintained effects. While there was a 20% dropout rate, sensitivity analyses showed that dropouts did not differ in their degree of change during treatment. To conclude, our study suggests that internet-delivered acceptance-based behaviour therapy can be effective in reducing the symptoms of GAD.
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| 96. |
- Davi, F., et al.
(författare)
-
Technical design report for the endcap disc DIRC
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics G. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 49:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PANDA (anti-proton annihiliation at Darmstadt) is planned to be one of the four main experiments at the future international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. It is going to address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using cooled antiproton beams with a high intensity and and momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c. PANDA is designed to reach a maximum luminosity of 2 × 1032 cm−2 s. Most of the physics programs require an excellent particle identification (PID). The PID of hadronic states at the forward endcap of the target spectrometer will be done by a fast and compact Cherenkov detector that uses the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) principle. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 5° to 22° and to provide a separation power for the separation of charged pions and kaons up to 3 standard deviations (s.d.) for particle momenta up to 4 GeV/c in order to cover the important particle phase space. This document describes the technical design and the expected performance of the novel PANDA disc DIRC detector that has not been used in any other high energy physics experiment before. The performance has been studied with Monte-Carlo simulations and various beam tests at DESY and CERN. The final design meets all PANDA requirements and guarantees sufficient safety margins.
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| 97. |
|
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| 98. |
- Edstrom, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Geometry Related Inter-Instrument Differences in Spectrophotometric Measurements
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 25:2, s. 221-232
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The L&W Elrepho d/0 and the Spectrolino 45/0 instruments are examined using paper samples with different properties. External factors that influence the measurements such as the sample background, the instrument calibration and the sample inhomogeneity are studied, and a methodology for their minimization is presented. Experimental measurements show that such external factors, if not minimized by proper routines, affect the inter-instrument differences far more (up to 4-5 Delta E-ab(star)) than the instrument geometry (the effect of which is small and of order 0.1 Delta E-ab(star)). The DORT2002 radiative transfer model is used to simulate differences caused by instrument geometry. The simulated and measured differences are found to agree in magnitude, and the differences are mapped against sample properties. It is observed that the 45/0 instrument detects higher reflectance from paper samples with negligible absorption and transmittance. When there is considerable absorption (dyed samples) or transmittance (thin samples), the d/0 instrument detects higher reflectance. The physical mechanism behind this behavior is studied and explained using DORT2002, and the instrument differences are shown to depend on the anisotropy of the reflected light. The model/measurement agreement is satisfactory as the characteristic behavior is captured in almost all cases studied. This new understanding is important for facilitating accurate data exchange between the paper and graphic arts industries, but also for interpretation of reflectance measurements in general.
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| 99. |
- Edström, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
Geometry Related Inter-Instrument Differences in Spectrophotometric Measurements
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 25:2, s. 221-232
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The L&W Elrepho d/0 and the Spectrolino 45/0 instruments are examined using paper samples with different properties. External factors that influence the measurements such as the sample background, the instrument calibration and the sample inhomogeneity are studied, and a methodology for their minimization is presented. Experimental measurements show that such external factors, if not minimized by proper routines, affect the inter-instrument differences far more (up to 4-5 Delta E-ab(star)) than the instrument geometry (the effect of which is small and of order 0.1 Delta E-ab(star)). The DORT2002 radiative transfer model is used to simulate differences caused by instrument geometry. The simulated and measured differences are found to agree in magnitude, and the differences are mapped against sample properties. It is observed that the 45/0 instrument detects higher reflectance from paper samples with negligible absorption and transmittance. When there is considerable absorption (dyed samples) or transmittance (thin samples), the d/0 instrument detects higher reflectance. The physical mechanism behind this behavior is studied and explained using DORT2002, and the instrument differences are shown to depend on the anisotropy of the reflected light. The model/measurement agreement is satisfactory as the characteristic behavior is captured in almost all cases studied. This new understanding is important for facilitating accurate data exchange between the paper and graphic arts industries, but also for interpretation of reflectance measurements in general.
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| 100. |
- Ekerstad, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
-
Frailty is independently associated with 1-year mortality for elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Sage Publications. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 21:10, s. 1216-1224
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: For the large population of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease, it is crucial to identify clinically relevant measures of biological age and their contribution to risk. Frailty is denoting decreased physiological reserves and increased vulnerability. We analysed the manner in which the variable frailty is associated with 1-year outcomes for elderly non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients aged 75 years or older, with diagnosed NSTEMI were included at three centres, and clinical data including judgment of frailty were collected prospectively. Frailty was defined according to the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale. Of 307 patients, 149 (48.5%) were considered frail. By Cox regression analyses, frailty was found to be independently associated with 1-year mortality after adjusting for cardiovascular risk and comorbid conditions (hazard ratio 4.3, 95% CI 2.4-7.8). The time to the first event was significantly shorter for frail patients than for nonfrail (34 days, 95% CI 10-58, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Frailty is strongly and independently associated with 1-year mortality. The combined use of frailty and comorbidity may constitute an important risk prediction concept in regard to cardiovascular patients with complex needs.
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