| 51. |
- Lindgren, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
-
Using Competence Systems : Adoption Barriers and Design Suggestions
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Journal of Information & Knowledge Management. - : World Scientific Publishing. - 0219-6492 .- 1793-6926. ; 1:1, s. 65-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines barriers to adopting competence systems in knowledge work practice. On the basis of a technology review and a user site investigation, the paper relates the technical features of the investigated competence systems to the adoption barriers identified in six user organizations. The multiple-case study shows that the competence systems can be described as merely traditional personnel administration systems complemented by features that passively archive formalized descriptions of competencies. Building on this observation, the general objective of the paper is to provide design suggestions that facilitate successful integration of competence systems in organizations. The main conclusion of this paper is that competence systems need to have features conveying a technology spirit more in line with the knowledge work practice found in organizations. By researching competence systems and their features specifically, this paper contributes technology-specific knowledge within the area of knowledge management systems.
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| 52. |
- Löfgren, Alexander, 1979-
(författare)
-
Making Mobile Meaning : expectations and experiences of mobile computing usefulness in construction site management practice
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last decade, anticipated and realized benefits of mobile and wireless information and communication technology (ICT) for different business purposes have been widely explored and evaluated. Also, the significance of ‘user acceptance’ mechanisms through ‘perceived usefulness’ of ICT applications has gained broad recognition among business organizations in developing and adopting new ICT capabilities. However, even though technology usefulness is regularly highlighted as an important factor in ICT projects, there is often a lack of understanding of what the concept involves in the practical work context of the actual users, and how to deal with the issues of usefulness in organizational ICT development processes. This doctoral thesis covers a 1,5 year case study of a mobile computing development project at a Swedish international construction enterprise. The company’s mobile ICT venture addressed the deficient ICT use situation of management practitioners in construction site operations. The study portrays the overall socially shaped development process of the chosen technology and its evolving issues of usefulness for existing construction site management practice. The perceived usefulness of mobile computing tools among the ‘user-practitioners’ is described as emergence of ‘meaningful use’ based on initial expectations and actual experiences of the technology in their situated fieldwork context. The studied case depicts the ongoing and open-ended conversational nature of understanding adequate ICT requirements in work practice, and the negotiation of mobile computing technology design properties between users and developers over time towards the alignment of diverse personal, professional and organizational needs and purposes of ICT use. The studied introduction of mobile computing technology in construction site management fieldwork practice serves as an illustrative actual example of how to interpret, understand and approach issues of usefulness and user acceptance of ICT resources in operative work contexts when managing ICT development processes in organizations.
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| 53. |
- Mankevich, Vasili, 1988-
(författare)
-
Digital innovation management : investigating digital trace data in online communities
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Firms and individuals are interacting online on an unprecedented scale. These interactions may lead to new digital products, services and practices, all of which are manifestations of digital innovation. This process relies on records users leave on various digital platforms which carry information about their activities – digital trace data. The data is generated on a massive scale, yet is just data until it is confronted with meaning – its value remains latent. Digital trace data is agnostic about future use, it carries records of interactions with digital artifacts and is available to wide numbers of actors to reinterpret them as sources of innovation and value creation. Online communities where data is generated can be sources of innovation, but are also extremely vulnerable. Digital trace data are not finitely expendable but may be used and passed along to any other individuals, partners, customers, or suppliers. To remain competitive, firms increasingly need to manage dynamic interactions of online community members, confront digital trace data with meaning, and facilitate innovation that is decentralized and requires heterogeneous knowledge resources.This dissertation explores how digital innovation can be leveraged in the context of online communities. It is based on four empirical investigations in the context of firms interacting with online communities that are rich with digital trace data. Collectively, these studies illustrate the potential utility of digital trace data generated by online communities for digital innovation, and suggest possible strategies for effective management of digital innovation for value creation. The dissertation contributes to both theoretically and empirically oriented discourses on the use of digital trace data. Specifically, it does so by providing propositions for dealing with digital trace data through platform design, community sociality, and narration for digital innovation.
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| 54. |
- Olsson, Carl Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Context-aware application design at SAAB Automobile: An interpretational perspective
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application. ; 9:1, s. 25-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context-aware applications promise to be receptive to the environments in which they are used. However, it is still unclear if context-aware applications can capture the complexity of social context. To date, most context-aware applications exclude the human component in producing contextual understanding. To address this problem, this paper outlines an action research study at a car manufacturer that aimed at developing an interpretational perspective for context-aware application design. This perspective provides a useful lens with which to understand the interaction between users and context-aware applications in co-producing contextual understanding. The paper also outlines the practical insights gained throughout this action research.
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| 55. |
- Olsson, Carl Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing context-aware applications: An action research study
- 2005
-
Ingår i: International Federation For Information Processing, Working Group 8.2.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context-aware computing is an important research theme of ubiquitous computing. One of the most debated issues regarding context-aware applications is the extent to which such applications can capture the complexity of social context. This debate has been fueled by the fact that many of the documented context-aware applications convey a relatively simplistic view of context. The typical separation between human activity and context is problematic as context is not something simply in which interaction occurs. This paper applies and evaluates the plausibility of Dourish’s (2001a, 2001b, 2004) interactional context view for designing context-aware applications that transcend the mainstream design agenda in context-aware computing. On the basis of a canonical action research study, we develop and test design principles for context-aware applications that convey an interactional view of context. Recognizing the car not only as an excellent example of a ubiquitous information environment, but also as an interesting and complex use setting already commonplace in the modern community, we have implemented and assessed a car infotainment application to provide us with a firm illustration of what such a context-aware application might be.
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| 56. |
- Olsson, Carl Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Designing Context-Aware Interaction : An Action Research Study
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Designing ubiquitous information environments. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 9780387275604 ; , s. 233-247
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context-aware computing is an important research theme of ubiquitous computing. One of the most debated issues regarding context-aware applications is the extent to which such applications can capture the complexity of social context. This debate has been fueled by the fact that many of the documented context-aware applications convey a relatively simplistic view of context. The typical separation between human activity and context is problematic as context is not something simply in which interaction occurs.This paper applies and evaluates the plausibility of Dourish ’s (2001a, 2001b, 2004) interactional context view for designing context-aware applications that transcend the mainstream design agenda in context-aware computing. On the basis of a canonical action research study, we develop and test design principles for context-aware applications that convey an interactional view of context. Recognizing the car not only as an excellent example of a ubiquitous information environment, but also as an interesting and complex use setting already commonplace in the modern community, we have implemented and assessed a car infotainment application to provide us with a firm illustration of what such a context-aware application might be.
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| 57. |
- Purao, Sandeep, et al.
(författare)
-
Ensemble artifacts : from viewing to designing in action design research
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Systems, Signs & Actions. - 1652-8719. ; 7:1, s. 73-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Action Design Research (ADR) is a research method for generating design knowledge through building and evaluating ensemble artifacts. In this paper, we respond to Goldkuhl’s critical review of the conceptualization of IT artifact in ADR. In particular, the review problematizes the so-called “conceptual journey” from an ensemble view to ensemble artifact, and suggests that this journey restricts the use of ADR. We recognize Goldkuhl’s critique as a valuableopportunity to clarify our thinking and elaborate the rationale behind ensemble artifact. We maintain that the notion of ensemble artifact in ADR is appropriate because it highlights the forward-looking orientation of designing artifacts and stresses the importance of the context for the evolution and use of the resulting artifact. It stands in contrast to the retrospective orientation of the ensemble view nomenclature from Orlikowski and Iacono that we borrowed and extended for ADR. Finally, we endorse Goldkuhl’s proposed communicative view as auseful addition to the toolkit of ADR researchers who can study the design of communicative tool artifacts.
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| 58. |
- Rossi, Matti, et al.
(författare)
-
Design Science Research : The Road Traveled and the Road That Lies Ahead
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Database Management. - : IGI Global. - 1063-8016 .- 1533-8010. ; 24:3, s. 1-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this introductory piece to the special issue on design science research (DSR) in information systems, the authors probe the past research in DSR, introduce the papers in the special issue, discuss their contributions to the field, and conclude the paper by highlighting some potential directions for future research. To provide a good overview of the research domain, the authors review the key research approaches (or processes) that have been proposed and identify the concrete products of DSR that come in the form of artifacts. As the production of artifact is only part of the DSR process, the authors discuss the role of theorizing about these results and propose avenues for future design-oriented research. It is the authors' strong belief that DSR should be at the heart of information systems discipline because it invites people to research the issues surrounding the development and organizational implementation of new systems.
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| 59. |
- Sandberg, Johan, 1981-
(författare)
-
Digital Capability : Investigating Coevolution of IT and Business Strategies
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation investigates the role of information technology (IT) in organizational strategy. Specifically, it examines how organizations can persist in turbulent competitive landscapes characterized by IT innovations. Underlying premises for this dissertation are that: (1) ubiquitous IT implies constant disruptions from digital innovation, (2) IT and practice are becoming fused, and (3) organizational strategies are dynamically linked with practice, i.e. they are reciprocally related through what organizations do rather than have. To investigate such IT strategizing processes, I outline a conceptual framework for analyzing how organizations can generate digital capability, i.e. a collection of routines for strategizing by leveraging digital assets to create differential value. Digital assets here refer to the complement of available resources and competencies for IT design and implementation. Based on the notion of dynamic capability and evolutionary theory, this framework emphasizes the importance of sensing, seizing and transforming abilities for generating digital capability.As organizational practices are becoming fused with IT scholars have argued that attempting to disentangle them analytically is futile. In a similar vein, organizational strategy is increasingly reliant on available IT resources for both formulation and execution. In the IS field it is widely acknowledged that IT has both enabling and inhibiting consequences for organizations. Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm and theory on organizational capabilities, the notion of IT capability has been widely used as a conceptual tool for analyzing these dual strategic effects of IT. Considering the explosive advances in computing, network and interaction that have resulted in IT being ubiquitous and deeply embedded in contemporary practices, recent research argues for the need to move beyond the functional view of technology implicit in the IT capability notion. A key aspect to address for such broadening of the perspective is the coevolution of IT and business practices, i.e. who (or what) leads, who or what follows, and whether such a causal distinction is meaningful.Grounded in the outlined conceptual framework, this dissertation examines how organizations can build digital capability to both enable large variation and complexity of feasible competitive actions, and reduce inhibiting effects of IT. The empirical investigation is situated in three distinct domains: boundary spanning IT innovation, transformation of existing IT resources, and hybridization of technology through digitalization of production equipment. These investigations are presented in five research papers.The dissertation contribute to knowledge of IT strategy by: (1) explicating the construct of digital capability, (2) providing a framework for coevolutionary strategizing processes, (3) presenting an empirical illustration of the coevolution of IT and business strategies, and (4) offer specific insights on design and orchestration of processes for digital capability generation.
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| 60. |
- Sein, Maung, et al.
(författare)
-
Action Design Research
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Management Information Systems Quarterly. - : Management Information Systems Research Center. - 0276-7783 .- 2162-9730. ; 35:1, s. 37-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design research (DR) positions information technology artifacts at the core of the Information Systems discipline. However, dominant DR thinking takes a technological view of the IT artifact, paying scant attention to its shaping by the organizational context. Consequently, existing DR methods focus on building the artifact and relegate evaluation to a subsequent and separate phase. They value technological rigor at the cost of organizational relevance, and fail to recognize that the artifact emerges from interaction with the organizational context even when its initial design is guided by the researchers’ intent. We propose action design research (ADR) as a new DR method to address this problem. ADR reflects the premise that IT artifacts are ensembles shaped by the organizational context during development and use. The method conceptualizes the research process as containing the inseparable and inherently interwoven activities of building the IT artifact, intervening in the organization, and evaluating it concurrently. The essay describes the stages of ADR and associated principles that encapsulate its underlying beliefs and values. We illustrate ADR through a case of competence management at Volvo IT.
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| 61. |
- Sein, Maung, et al.
(författare)
-
Action Design Research
- 2011
-
Ingår i: MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems. - 0276-7783 .- 2162-9730. ; 35:1, s. 37-56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Design research (DR) positions information technology artifacts at the core of the Information Systemsdiscipline. However, dominant DR thinking takes a technological view of the IT artifact, paying scant attentionto its shaping by the organizational context. Consequently, existing DR methods focus on building the artifactand relegate evaluation to a subsequent and separate phase. They value technological rigor at the cost oforganizational relevance, and fail to recognize that the artifact emerges from interaction with theorganizational context even when its initial design is guided by the researchers’ intent. We propose action design research (ADR) as a new DR method to address this problem. ADR reflects the premise that IT artifacts are ensembles shaped by the organizational context during development and use. Themethod conceptualizes the research process as containing the inseparable and inherently interwoven activitiesof building the IT artifact, intervening in the organization, and evaluating it concurrently. The essay describesthe stages of ADR and associated principles that encapsulate its underlying beliefs and values. We illustrate ADR through a case of competence management at Volvo IT.
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| 62. |
- Selander, Lisen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Capability Search and Redeem Across Digital Ecosystems
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Information Technology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0268-3962 .- 1466-4437. ; 3:28, s. 183-197
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prior research on digital ecosystems focuses on the focal firm (e.g., a platform owner) and its ecosystem governance. However, there is a dearth of literature examining the non-focal actor, that is, an ecosystem participant who is at the periphery of a digital ecosystem. This paper proposes a theoretical perspective of the non-focal firm's participation across digital ecosystems for cultivating its innovation habitat through capability search and redeem. Capability search involves the location of external capability deemed valuable for extending the firm's innovation habitat. Capability redeem refers to the firm's use of external capability to develop, distribute, and/or monetize its products and services. We generate and sensitize the proposed perspective in the context of Sony Ericsson's innovation habitat by interpreting the mobile device manufacturer's participation across four digital ecosystems (Visual Basic, Java, Digital Music, and Android). Our findings suggest that the non-focal actor cannot rely on a single ecosystem for addressing all relevant layers of innovation. It benefits from pursuing a pluralistic strategy, operating across digital ecosystems to avoid investing all efforts in the same ecosystem. The model of ecosystem capability search and redeem, which is a result of ideographic research explanation, extends current perspectives on digital ecosystems and contributes to the emerging literature in the digital age.
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| 63. |
- Selander, Lisen, et al.
(författare)
-
Cynicism as user resistance in IT implementation
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Information Systems Journal. - : Wiley. - 1350-1917 .- 1365-2575. ; 22:4, s. 289-312
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we examine the process by which user cynicism emerges and is constituted as part of resistance in information technology (IT) implementation. We ground our process perspective in the received user resistance literature by linking cynicism to users' projections of the system's future use. Rather than attributing cynicism to perceived threats, however, we see user cynicism as cognitively distanced resistance that manifests as a perception of seeing through the espoused goals of the implementers. Based on a process analysis of a customer relationship management implementation at a customer service centre, the paper extends the user resistance model proposed by Lapointe and Rivard by identifying three dimensions of user cynicism in IT implementation. It also shows how cynicism, as a form of passive resistance, easily escalates and feeds new forms of resistance. Lastly, we introduce the cynicism literature as a new reference theory for the Information Systems (IS) audience. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
- Stenmark, Dick, 1962, et al.
(författare)
-
System Support for Knowledge Work: Bridging the Knowing-Doing Gap
- 2006
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Knowledge Management. - : IGI Global. - 1548-0666 .- 1548-0658. ; 2:2, s. 46-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many researchers argue that information systems (IS) can play an important role in supporting organizational knowledge application. However, recent IS research indicates that knowledge management systems (KMS) often fail when implemented in the knowledge work practice of contemporary organizations. While KMS maintenance has been recognized as an important IS research area, imbalance between the desire for accurate content and the workload required to achieve this still appears to be a critical issue, resulting in systems of little use for organizations in their knowledge application processes. Driven by the ambition to contribute recommendations for how to integrate KMS with everyday knowledge work, we use general lessons learned from development of groupware applications as a theoretical lens to analyze empirical experiences from three implemented and evaluated KMS. Targeting the KMS maintenance challenge, our recommendations extend earlier IS research on the implementation and use of knowledge work support systems. On a practical level, our recommendations assist KMS developers in attempts to bridge the knowing-doing gap in organizations where individual members do not know or know of each other and the organization as a whole does not know what it knows.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Svahn, Fredrik, 1972-
(författare)
-
Digital Product Innovation : Building Generative Capability through Architectural Frames
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over the last decades we have witnessed a profound digitalization of tangible products. While this shift offers great opportunities, it also exposes product developing industries to significant challenges. In these industries organizations, markets, and technologies are tuned for mass production, providing competitive advantage through scale economics. Typically, firms exercise modular strategies to deliver such scale benefits. Rooted in Herbert Simon’s notion of near decomposability, modular product architectures allow for production assets, such as tools, processes, and plants, to be effectively reused across product variants and over generations of designs. However, they come at a price; modularity requires overall design specifications to be frozen well before production. In practice, this tends to inscribe functional purpose in the structures of the system, effectively preventing firms from taking advantage of the speed by which digitized products can be developed and modified.The main objective of this thesis is to investigate and explain how product developing organizations adapt architectural thinking to balance the proven benefits of modularity and the emerging opportunities provided by digital technology. In doing so, it introduces a complementary architectural frame, grounded in Christopher Alexander’s seminal work on patterns. This frame associates the concept of architecture with generativity and reuse of ideas, rather than scale economics and reuse of physical assets.Sensitizing the theoretical framework through a longitudinal case study of digital product innovation this thesis derives several implications for theory and practice. Across four embedded cases in the automotive industry it demonstrates that generative capability follows from a shared organizational view on products as enablers and catalyzers of new, yet unknown functionality. Such an emergence-centric view requires product developing firms to rethink existing governance models. Rather than exercising control through specific functionality, inscribed in modular product structures, it offers the benefit of influencing innovation through general functional patterns, serving as raw material in distributed and largely uncoordinated innovation processes. This shift in focus, from specific functionality to general functional patterns, enables a new strategic asset for product developing firms. It opens up for proactive rather than reactive strategies, where the architecture makes an instrument to cultivate new ideas and business opportunities, rather than a tool for cost savings.
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| 68. |
- Svahn, Fredrik, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Situated Knowledge in Context-Aware Computing : A Sequential Multimethod Study of In-Car Navigation
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Advanced Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. - Hershey, PA, USA : IGI Publishing. - 1937-965X .- 1937-9668. ; 1:3, s. 23-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A central feature of ubiquitous computing applications is their capability to automatically react on context changes so as to support users in their mobility. Such context awareness relies on models of specific use contexts, embedded in ubiquitous computing environments. However, since most such models are based merely on location and identity parameters, context-aware applications seldom cater for users’ situated knowledge and experience of specific contexts. This is a general user problem in well-known, but yet dynamic, user environments. Drawing on a sequential multimethod study of in-car navigation, this paper explores the role of situated knowledge in designing and using context-aware applications. This focus is motivated by the current lack of empirical investigations of context-aware applications in actual use settings. In-car navigation systems are a type of context-aware application that includes a set of contextual parameters for supporting route guidance in a volatile context. The paper outlines a number of theoretical and practical implications for context-aware application design and use.
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
- Svahn, Fredrik, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Situated Knowledge in Context-Aware Computing: A Sequential Multimethod Study of In-Car Navigation
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Emerging Pervasive and Ubiquitous Aspects of Information Systems: Cross-Disciplinary Advancements. - Hershey, PA : Information Science Reference. - 9781609604875 ; , s. 179-197
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A central feature of ubiquitous computing applications is their capability to automatically react on context changes so as to support users in their mobility. Such context awareness relies on models of specific use contexts, embedded in ubiquitous computing environments. However, since most such models are based merely on location and identity parameters, context-aware applications seldom cater for users’ situated knowledge and experience of specific contexts. This is a general user problem in well-known, but yet dynamic, user environments. Drawing on a sequential multimethod study of in-car navigation, this paper explores the role of situated knowledge in designing and using context-aware applications. This focus is motivated by the current lack of empirical investigations of context-aware applications in actual use settings. In-car navigation systems are a type of context-aware application that includes a set of contextual parameters for supporting route guidance in a volatile context. The paper outlines a number of theoretical and practical implications for context-aware application design and use.
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| 71. |
- Svahn, Fredrik, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
The Dual Regimes of Digital Innovation Management
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceeding of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - Grand Wailea, Hawaii : IEEE Computer Society.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 72. |
- Svahn, F., et al.
(författare)
-
The dual regimes of digital innovation management
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. - 1530-1605. - 9780769545257 ; , s. 3347-3356
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pervasive integration of digital technology in traditionally physical products such as cars, heat pumps, and washing machines calls for revisiting the received innovation literature. To this end, this paper presents a competing logic framework for understanding digital technology in product innovation management. In doing this, we derive two idealized innovation regimes by distinguishing and assessing two broad streams of innovation research across the dimensions of organizing logic, market dynamics, and architectural design. Recognizing and elaborating inherent tensions between product innovation and IT innovation, the framework identifies a range of new challenges with implications for digital innovation management research and practice.
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| 73. |
- Yoo, Y., et al.
(författare)
-
The new organizing logic of digital innovation : An agenda for information systems research
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Information systems research. - : Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). - 1047-7047 .- 1526-5536. ; 21:4, s. 724-735
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this essay, we argue that pervasive digitization gives birth to a new type of product architecture: the layered modular architecture. The layered modular architecture extends the modular architecture of physical products by incorporating four loosely coupled layers of devices, networks, services, and contents created by digital technology. We posit that this new architecture instigates profound changes in the ways that firms organize for innovation in the future. We develop (1) a conceptual framework to describe the emerging organizing logic of digital innovation and (2) an information systems research agenda for digital strategy and the creation and management of corporate information technology infrastructures. © 2010 INFORMS.
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