| 51. |
- Gerhardsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Mothers' Adaptation to a Late Preterm Infant When Breastfeeding
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0893-2190 .- 1550-5073. ; 34:1, s. 88-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the Adaptation to the Late Preterm Infant when Breastfeeding Scale (ALPIBS) and also to test how a mother's self-efficacy predicts adaptation to a late preterm infant when breastfeeding. This study had a longitudinal and prospective design, and data collection was consecutive. Mothers (n = 105) with infants born between and weeks were recruited from a neonatal intensive care unit or a maternity unit. The ALPIBS was developed using exploratory factor analysis, and the association between breastfeeding self-efficacy and ALPIBS score was examined using linear regression analysis. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form instrument was used to measure self-efficacy in breastfeeding. A higher degree of self-efficacy was significantly associated with a higher degree of adaptation to the late preterm infant's breastfeeding behavior (P < .001). We identified 4 separate underlying factors measured by 11 items in the ALPIBS: (A) breastfeeding is a stressful event; (B) the infant should breastfeed as often as he or she wants; (C) a mother has to breastfeed to be a good mother; and (D) it is important to ensure control over the infant's feeding behavior. There is a link between self-efficacy and ALPIBS score, and self-efficacy is a modifiable factor that influences breastfeeding.
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| 52. |
- Gerhardsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospective questionnaire study showed that higher self-efficacy predicted longer exclusive breastfeeding by the mothers of late preterm infants.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 107:5, s. 799-805
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: An important variable that influences breastfeeding outcomes is how confident a woman feels about her ability to breastfeed successfully at an early stage. We investigated breastfeeding self-efficacy in the mothers of late preterm infants.METHODS: This was a prospective, comparative study that focused on mothers who had delivered babies at 34 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks and were recruited in 2012-2015 from a neonatal intensive care unit and a postnatal ward at a Swedish university hospital. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) was used to psychometrically assess the mothers at 40 weeks of postmenstrual age (n = 148) and at three months of corrected age (n = 114).RESULTS: The BSES-SF scores were higher in the 87% of mothers that exclusively breastfed when their babies reached 40 weeks (57.1 out of 70) than those who did not (41.4, p < 0.001), indicating better self-efficacy. The figures remained higher in the 68% of exclusive breastfeeding mothers at three months of corrected age (60.9 versus 51.7).CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was an important predictor of the length of breastfeeding in mothers of late preterm infants, and the BSES-SF can be used to detect low self-efficacy that could lead to early breastfeeding cessation.
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| 53. |
- Gerhardsson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form : Reliability and Validity Assessment
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Human Lactation. - : Sage Publications. - 0890-3344 .- 1552-5732. ; 30:3, s. 340-345
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Among Swedish mothers, breastfeeding duration has been declining in recent years. An instrument for early identification of women at risk for shorter breastfeeding duration may be useful in reversing this trend. Objectives: The aims of this study were to translate and psychometrically test the Swedish version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF), examine the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and demographic variables, and evaluate associations with breastfeeding continuation plans in Swedish mothers. Methods: The BSES-SF was translated into Swedish using forward and back translation. The sample consisted of 120 mothers who, during the first week postpartum, came for a routine follow-up visit at the postnatal unit in a university hospital. The mothers were compared based on demographic data and their future breastfeeding plans. Results: The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency for the BSES-SF was 0.91 and the majority of correlation coefficients exceeded 0.3. A 1-factor solution was found that explained 46% of the total variance. There was no difference in confidence in breastfeeding between mothers with early hospital discharge and mothers who received postnatal care at the hospital. Primiparas who stayed longer at the hospital were less confident in breastfeeding than primiparas who had a shorter hospital stay. Breastfeeding mothers who planned to partially breastfeed in the near future had lower BSES-SF scores, compared to those who planned to continue exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The Swedish version of the BSES-SF has good reliability, validity, and agreement with mothers’ plans regarding breastfeeding continuation and exclusivity.
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| 54. |
- Gren, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Lung function and self-rated symptoms in healthy volunteers after exposure to hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) exhaust with and without particles
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Particle and Fibre Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-8977. ; 19:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diesel engine exhaust causes adverse health effects. Meanwhile, the impact of renewable diesel exhaust, such as hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), on human health is less known. Nineteen healthy volunteers were exposed to HVO exhaust for 3 h in a chamber with a double-blind, randomized setup. Exposure scenarios comprised of HVO exhaust from two modern non-road vehicles with 1) no aftertreatment system ('HVOPM+NOx' PM1: 93 mu g-m(-3), EC: 54 mu g-m(-3), NO: 3.4 ppm, -NO2: 0.6 ppm), 2) an aftertreatment system containing a diesel oxidation catalyst and a diesel particulate filter ('HVONOx' PM1: similar to 1 mu g-m(-3), NO: 2.0 ppm, -NO2: 0.7 ppm) and 3) filtered air (FA) as control. The exposure concentrations were in line with current EU occupational exposure limits (OELs) of NO, -NO2, formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the future OEL (2023) of elemental carbon (EC). The effect on nasal patency, pulmonary function, and self-rated symptoms were assessed. Calculated predicted lung deposition of HVO exhaust particles was compared to data from an earlier diesel exhaust study. Results: The average total respiratory tract deposition of PM1 during -HVO(PM+ NO)x was 27 mu g-h(-1). The estimated deposition fraction of HVO PM1 was 40-50% higher compared to diesel exhaust PM1 from an older vehicle (earlier study), due to smaller particle sizes of the -HVOPM+ NOx exhaust. Compared to FA, exposure to -HVOPM+ NOx and -HVONOx caused higher incidence of self-reported symptoms (78%, 63%, respectively, vs. 28% for FA, p < 0.03). Especially, exposure to -HVOPM+ NOx showed 40-50% higher eye and throat irritation symptoms. Compared to FA, a decrement in nasal patency was found for the -HVONOx exposures (- 18.1, 95% CI: - 27.3 to - 8.8 L-min(-1), p < 0.001), and for the -HVOPM+ NOx (- 7.4 (- 15.6 to 0.8) L -min(-1), p = 0.08). Overall, no clinically significant change was indicated in the pulmonary function tests (spirometry, peak expiratory flow, forced oscillation technique). Conclusion: Short-term exposure to HVO exhaust concentrations corresponding to EU OELs for one workday did not cause adverse pulmonary function changes in healthy subjects. However, an increase in self-rated mild irritation symptoms, and mild decrease in nasal patency after both HVO exposures, may indicate irritative effects from exposure to HVO exhaust from modern non-road vehicles, with and without aftertreatment systems.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Haraldsson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent Girls' Experiences of Underlying Social Processes Triggering Stress in Their Everyday Life : A grounded theory study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 27:2, s. E61-E70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model of underlying social processes that trigger stress in adolescent girls’ everyday life. In-depth interviews regarding the experiences of stress at home, school and during leisure time were conducted with 14 17-year-old schoolgirls. Data were analysed by means of the grounded theory method. Stress was triggered in the interaction between responsibility and the way in which the girls were encountered. Triggered emotional reactions took the form of four dimensions of stress included ambivalence, frustration, despair and downheartedness. These reactions were dependent on whether the girls voluntary assumed responsibility for various situations or whether they were forced, or felt they were being forced, to assume responsibility in interaction with an encounter characterized by closeness or distance. These forms of stress reactions could appear in one dimension and subsequently shift to another. From the public health perspective, the generated stress model can be used in the planning and implementation of future actions to prevent stress and promote well-being related to stress in adolescent girls.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
- Hedberg Nyqvist, Kerstin, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Early skin-to-skin contact between healthy late preterm infants and their parents : an observational cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: PeerJ. - : PeerJ. - 2167-8359. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSkin-to-skin contact (SSC) is an important factor to consider in the care of late preterm infants (born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 completed weeks of gestation). The literature suggests that SSC between preterm infants and their mothers facilitates breastfeeding. However, more studies are needed to explore potential dose-response effects between SSC and breastfeeding as well as studies that explicitly investigate SSC by fathers among late preterm infants. The aim was to investigate the duration of healthy late preterm infants’ SSC with the mother and father, respectively, during the first 48 h after birth and the associations with breastfeeding (exclusive/partial at discharged), clinical and demographic variables.MethodsThis was an observational cohort study in which parents to healthy late preterm infants, born between 34 5/7 and 36 6/7 completed weeks of gestation, recorded duration of SSC provided by mother and father, respectively. Demographic and clinical variables were retrieved from the medical records and were used as predictors. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between the predictors and the outcome, SSC (hours), separately for mothers and fathers.ResultsThe mean (standard deviation [SD]) time per day spent with SSC with mothers (n = 64) and fathers (n = 64), was 14.7 (5.6) and 4.4 (3.3) hours during the first day (24 h) after birth and 9.2 (7.1) and 3.1 (3.3) hours during the second day (24 h), respectively. Regarding SSC with mothers, no variable was significantly associated with SSC during the first day, while the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) time of SSC during the second day was 6.9 (1.4–12.4) hours shorter for each additional kg of birthweight (p = 0.014). Concerning SSC with fathers, the mean (95% CI) time of SSC during the first day was 2.1 (0.4–3.7) hours longer for infants born at night (p = 0.015), 1.7 (0.1–3.2) hours longer for boys (p = 0.033), 3.2 (1.2–5.2) hours longer for infants born by caesarean section (p = 0.003), and 1.6 (0.1–3.1) hours longer for infants exclusively breastfed at discharge (p = 0.040). During the second day, the mean (95% CI) time of SSC with fathers was 3.0 (0.6–5.4) hours shorter for each additional kg of birthweight (p = 0.014), 2.0 (0.5–3.6) hours longer for infants born during night-time (p = 0.011), 2.9 (1.4–4.4) hours longer if the mother was primipara (p < 0.001), and 1.9 (0.3–3.5) hours shorter if supplementary artificial milk feeds were given. None of the other predictors, i.e., mother’s age, gestational age, or induction of labor were significantly associated with infants’ SSC with mothers or fathers during any of the first two days after birth.ConclusionFuture studies are warranted that investigate duration of SSC between late preterm infants and their parents separately and the associations with breastfeeding and other variables of clinical importance.
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| 59. |
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| 60. |
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| 61. |
- Isaksson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Highly elevated systemic inflammation is a strong independent predictor of early mortality in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cancer Treatment and Research Communications. - : Elsevier. - 2468-2942. ; 31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundAmple evidence support inflammation as a marker of outcome in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we explore the outcome for a subgroup of patients with advanced disease and substantially elevated systemic inflammatory activity.MethodsThe source cohort included consecutive patients diagnosed with NSCLC between January 2016 – May 2017 (n = 155). Patients with active infection were excluded. Blood parameters were examined individually, and cut-offs (ESR > 60 mm, CRP > 20 mg/L, WBC > 10 × 109, PLT > 400 × 109) were set to define the group of hyperinflamed patients. A score was developed by assigning one point for each parameter above cut-off (0–4 points).ResultsHigh systemic inflammation was associated with advanced stage and was seldom present in limited NSCLC. However, the one year survival of patients in stage IIIB-IV (n = 93) with an inflammation score of ≥2 was 0% compared to 33% and 50% among patients with a score of 1 and 0 respectively. The effect of a high inflammation score on overall survival remained significant in multi-variate analysis adjusted for confounding factors. The independent hazard ratio of an inflammation score ≥ 2 in multi-variate analysis (HR 3.43, CI 1.76–6.71) was comparable to a change in ECOG PS from 0 to 2 (HR 2.42, CI 1.13–5.18).ConclusionOur results show that high level systemic inflammation is a strong independent predictor of poor survival in advanced stage NSCLC. This observation may indicate a need to use hyperinflammation as an additional clinical parameter for stratification of patients in clinical studies and warrants further research on underlying mechanisms linked to tumor progression.
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Kadkhodaei, Banafsheh, et al.
(författare)
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Nurr1 Is Required for Maintenance of Maturing and Adult Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Journal of Neuroscience. - 1529-2401. ; 29:50, s. 15923-15932
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcription factors involved in the specification and differentiation of neurons often continue to be expressed in the adult brain, but remarkably little is known about their late functions. Nurr1, one such transcription factor, is essential for early differentiation of midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons but continues to be expressed into adulthood. In Parkinson's disease, Nurr1 expression is diminished and mutations in the Nurr1 gene have been identified in rare cases of disease; however, the significance of these observations remains unclear. Here, a mouse strain for conditional targeting of the Nurr1 gene was generated, and Nurr1 was ablated either at late stages of mDA neuron development by crossing with mice carrying Cre under control of the dopamine transporter locus or in the adult brain by transduction of adeno-associated virus Cre-encoding vectors. Nurr1 deficiency in maturing mDA neurons resulted in rapid loss of striatal DA, loss of mDA neuron markers, and neuron degeneration. In contrast, a more slowly progressing loss of striatal DA and mDA neuron markers was observed after ablation in the adult brain. As in Parkinson's disease, neurons of the substantia nigra compacta were more vulnerable than cells in the ventral tegmental area when Nurr1 was ablated at late embryogenesis. The results show that developmental pathways play key roles for the maintenance of terminally differentiated neurons and suggest that disrupted function of Nurr1 and other developmental transcription factors may contribute to neurodegenerative disease.
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| 64. |
- Kendall, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Nerve growth factor in the equine joint
- 2021
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Ingår i: Veterinary Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-0233 .- 1532-2971. ; 267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin with many functions. In humans, it is involved in inflammation, nerve growth, apoptosis and pain signalling. Increased concentrations of NGF in synovial fluid has been shown in humans and dogs with osteoarthritis. Despite osteoarthritis being a common problem in horses, no studies have previously been published on NGF in the equine joint. The aim of this study was to quantify NGF in equine synovial fluid from healthy joints, acutely inflamed septic joints and joints with structural changes associated with osteoarthritis. A secondary aim was to identify the localisation of NGF and its two receptors, TrkA and p75(NTR) in healthy and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. NGF concentrations in synovial fluid from osteoarthritic joints (n = 27), septic joints (n = 9) and healthy joints (n = 16) were determined by ELISA. In addition, articular cartilage from osteoarthritic and healthy joints was examined for NGF, TrkA and P75(NTR) using immunohistochemistry staining. NGF was present in equine synovial fluid and articular cartilage. Compared to synovial fluid from healthy joints, NGF concentration was higher in synovial fluid from joints with structural osteoarthritic changes (P = 0.032) or acute septic inflammation (P = 0.006). In articular cartilage with severe osteoarthritic changes, there was more abundant positive immunohistochemistry staining for NGF and its receptors than in normal articular cartilage. Further studies should focus on identifying precursor forms of NGF, and on receptor expression and downstream signalling of TrkA and P75(NTR) in health and disease. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
- Kumlien, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes towards epilepsy surgery : A nationwide survey among Swedish neurologists
- 2010
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Ingår i: Seizure. - : Elsevier BV. - 1059-1311 .- 1532-2688. ; 19:4, s. 253-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Epilepsy surgery is safe and effective for epilepsy that is refractory to medical treatment. However, only a minority of candidates for epilepsy surgery are referred for surgical evaluation. We investigated Swedish neurologists' views on and criteria for referral for epilepsy surgery. Materials and methods: A survey was sent out to neurologists who treat patients with epilepsy. We received responses from 81% of referring hospitals and 57% of private practices. Results: Sixty-one percent of respondents considered that epilepsy surgery reduced seizure frequency and 53% that it improved quality of life. Surgical treatment was thought to be cost-effective by 90% of respondents. Referral for surgery was considered if three or more antiepileptic drugs had failed. Seizure frequency and severity and, the patient's own wishes were regarded as the most important criteria for surgical referral. MRI and EEG findings were also important whereas duration of illness was considered less important. Age below 65 years and lack of mental retardation were important for considering referral. Conclusion: In general Swedish neurologists have a cautious but positive attitude towards epilepsy surgery. Uncertainties about eligibility criteria among referring clinicians may contribute to the underutilization of epilepsy surgery.
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| 67. |
- La Fleur, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of scavenger receptor MARCO defines a targetable tumor-associated macrophage subset in non-small cell lung cancer
- 2018
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : WILEY. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 143:7, s. 1741-1752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are attractive targets for immunotherapy. Recently, studies in animal models showed that treatment with an anti-TAM antibody directed against the scavenger receptor MARCO resulted in suppression of tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. Here we investigated the expression of MARCO in relation to other macrophage markers and immune pathways in a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cohort (n=352). MARCO, CD68, CD163, MSR1 and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and associations to other immune cells and regulatory pathways were studied in a subset of cases (n=199) with available RNA-seq data. We observed a large variation in macrophage density between cases and a strong correlation between CD68 and CD163, suggesting that the majority of TAMs present in NSCLC exhibit a protumor phenotype. Correlation to clinical data only showed a weak trend toward worse survival for patients with high macrophage infiltration. Interestingly, MARCO was expressed on a distinct subpopulation of TAMs, which tended to aggregate in close proximity to tumor cell nests. On the transcriptomic level, we found a positive association between MARCO gene expression and general immune response pathways including strong links to immunosuppressive TAMs, T-cell infiltration and immune checkpoint molecules. Indeed, a higher macrophage infiltration was seen in tumors expressing PD-L1, and macrophages residing within tumor cell nests co-expressed MARCO and PD-L1. Thus, MARCO is a potential new immune target for anti-TAM treatment in a subset of NSCLC patients, possibly in combination with available immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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| 68. |
- La Fleur, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
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Mutation patterns in a population-based non-small cell lung cancer cohort and prognostic impact of concomitant mutations in KRAS and TP53 or STK11
- 2019
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Ingår i: Lung Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-5002 .- 1872-8332. ; 130, s. 50-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous disease with unique combinations of somatic molecular alterations in individual patients, as well as significant differences in populations across the world with regard to mutation spectra and mutation frequencies. Here we aim to describe mutational patterns and linked clinical parameters in a population-based NSCLC cohort.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using targeted resequencing the mutational status of 82 genes was evaluated in a consecutive Swedish surgical NSCLC cohort, consisting of 352 patient samples from either fresh frozen or formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues. The panel covers all exons of the 82 genes and utilizes reduced target fragment length and two-strand capture making it compatible with degraded FFPE samples.RESULTS: We obtained a uniform sequencing coverage and mutation load across the fresh frozen and FFPE samples by adaption of sequencing depth and bioinformatic pipeline, thereby avoiding a technical bias between these two sample types. At large, the mutation frequencies resembled the frequencies seen in other western populations, except for a high frequency of KRAS hotspot mutations (43%) in adenocarcinoma patients. Worse overall survival was observed for adenocarcinoma patients with a mutation in either TP53, STK11 or SMARCA4. In the adenocarcinoma KRAS-mutated group poor survival appeared to be linked to concomitant TP53 or STK11 mutations, and not to KRAS mutation as a single aberration. Similar results were seen in the analysis of publicly available data from the cBioPortal. In squamous cell carcinoma a worse prognosis could be observed for patients with MLL2 mutations, while CSMD3 mutations were linked to a better prognosis.CONCLUSION: Here we have evaluated the mutational status of a NSCLC cohort. We could not confirm any survival impact of isolated driver mutations. Instead, concurrent mutations in TP53 and STK11 were shown to confer poor survival in the KRAS-positive adenocarcinoma subgroup.
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
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| 71. |
- Leinonen, E. S., et al.
(författare)
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Low-grade inflammation, endothelial activation and carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Intern Med. ; 256:2, s. 119-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between inflammation, endothelial activation and incipient atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Setting and subjects. We studied 239 type 2 diabetic patients [71 with clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD)] and 78 healthy control subjects, aged 50-75 in a single research centre. METHODS: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was determined by ultrasound. Circulating intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein, human serum amyloid A, interleukin-6, monocyte colony-stimulating factor, secretory nonpancreatic phospholipase A(2) type IIA, glucose, HbA1c, and lipid/lipoprotein variables were measured. RESULTS: Carotid IMT was significantly thicker in diabetic patients than healthy controls across the whole age range. IMT was also thicker in diabetic patients with, than without, CVD, but this difference disappeared after controlling for confounding factors. Concentrations of the inflammatory and endothelial markers except IL-6 were significantly higher in the diabetic patients than in healthy controls, but comparable in diabetic patients with and without CVD. The main determinants of IMT in the diabetic patients were blood pressure, age and diabetes duration. CONCLUSIONS: Low-grade inflammation and endothelial activation are increased in diabetic patients but do not associate with IMT or clinical CVD. The inflammatory reaction seems to be rather a feature of the metabolic syndrome than a direct determinant of atherosclerosis.
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| 72. |
- Liedholm Johnson, Eva, 1960-
(författare)
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Mineral Rights : Legal Systems Governing Exploration and Exploitation
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this thesis is to examine the legal procedures and systems concerning granting or possessing mineral rights, and how such rights may be exercised, particularly given the diametric interests of land use, ownership and land tenure. The study, comparative in its nature, aims at highlighting the similarities and differences between the countries and states of comparison, and thereby identify interesting solutions of issues relating to the granting and exercising of mineral rights. The study examines mineral rights and different legal systems regulating mineral exploration and exploitation. The focus is on mining and mineral legislation and its application, including the exercise of mineral rights. The systems chosen are those of Sweden, Finland and the states of Ontario and Western Australia. The main result is generated by the comparison dealing with the application, granting and possession of mineral rights related to the development of a mine. Several processes are thereby identified. In addition, the content and extent of the different rights and obligations related to exploration and exploitation activities are examined, as well as land areas open or closed for the exercise of these rights. The legal processes concerning granting mineral rights are in fact complex as evidenced by this work, particularly when land-use and environmental legislation is taken into account. The perception of a good balance in legislation between diametric interests of land use, ownership and land tenure is heavily linked to the view of sustainable development. The difficulties of achieving this are confirmed by the countries and states compared. The continuous change of mineral legislation during the course of this study is an indication of the complexity of the topic.
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| 73. |
- Lindström, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Schizofreni - läkemedelsbehandling, patientens delaktighet och vårdens organisation : En systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Schizofreni är i de flesta fall en kronisk och invalidiserande psykisk sjukdom. Antipsykotiska läkemedel (neuroleptika) är namnet på den grupp läkemedel som är avsedd att lindra de psykotiska symtomen som uppstår vid schizofreni. Antipsykotiska läkemedel kan indelas i första generationens antipsykotika och andra generationens antipsykotika. Denna litteraturöversikt kompletterar SBU:s systematiska översikt från år 1997 med en granskning av andra generationens antipsykotika. I översikten ingår också ett kapitel om den kunskap man idag har om hur personer med schizofreni upplever sin medverkan och sin delaktighet i behandling och vård. Dessutom ingår ett kapitel där man undersökt värdet av integrerade vårdformer för personer med olika psykiatriska tillstånd där huvuddelen av dem har schizofreni.
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| 74. |
- Lövgren, Tanja, et al.
(författare)
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Complete and long-lasting clinical responses in immune checkpoint inhibitor-resistant, metastasized melanoma treated with adoptive T cell transfer combined with DC vaccination
- 2020
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Ingår i: Oncoimmunology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 2162-4011 .- 2162-402X. ; 9:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Development of T cell-directed immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionized metastatic melanoma (MM) therapy, but <50% of treated patients experience durable responses. This phase I trial (NCT01946373) investigates the safety/feasibility of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) adoptive cell therapy (ACT) combined with dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in MM patients progressing on ICI. An initial cohort (5 patients) received TIL therapy alone to evaluate safety and allow for optimization of TIL expansion protocols. A second cohort (first-in-man, 5 patients) received TIL combined with autologous tumor lysate-loaded DC vaccination. All patients received cyclophosphamide/fludarabine preconditioning prior to, and intravenous (i.v.) IL-2 after, TIL transfer. The DC vaccine was given as five intradermal injections after TIL and IL-2 administration. [F-18]-FDG PET/CT radiology was performed to evaluate clinical response, according to RECIST 1.1 (on the CT part). Immunological monitoring was performed by flow cytometry and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing. In the safety/optimization cohort, all patients had a mixed response or stable disease, but none durable. In the combination cohort, two patients experienced complete responses (CR) that are still ongoing (>36 and >18 months, respectively). In addition, two patients had partial responses (PR), one still ongoing (>42 months) with only a small bone-lesion remaining, and one of short duration (<4 months). One patient died early during treatment and did not receive DC. Long-lasting persistency of the injected TILs was demonstrated in blood. In summary, we report clinical responses by TIL therapy combined with DC vaccination in 4 out of 4 treated MM patients who previously failed ICI.
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| 75. |
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| 76. |
- Mattsson, Brady J., et al.
(författare)
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Enhancing monitoring and transboundary collaboration for conserving migratory species under global change : The priority case of the red kite
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797. ; 317
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calls for urgent action to conserve biodiversity under global change are increasing, and conservation of migratory species in this context poses special challenges. In the last two decades the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) has provided a framework for several subsidiary instruments including action plans for migratory bird species, but the effectiveness and transferability of these plans remain unclear. Such laws and policies have been credited with positive outcomes for the conservation of migratory species, but the lack of international coordination and on-ground implementation pose major challenges. While research on migratory populations has received growing attention, considerably less emphasis has been given to integrating ecological information throughout the annual cycle for examining strategies to conserve migratory species at multiple scales in the face of global change. We fill this gap through a case study examining the ecological status and conservation of a migratory raptor and facultative scavenger, the red kite (Milvus milvus), whose current breeding range is limited to Europe and is associated with agricultural landscapes and restricted to the temperate zone. Based on our review, conservation actions have been successful at recovering red kite populations within certain regions. Populations however remain depleted along the southern-most edge of the geographic range where many migratory red kites from northern strongholds overwinter. This led us to a forward-looking and integrated strategy that emphasizes international coordination involving researchers and conservation practitioners to enhance the science-policy-action interface. We identify and explore key issues for conserving the red kite under global change, including enhancing conservation actions within and outside protected areas, recovering depleted populations, accounting for climate change, and transboundary coordination in adaptive conservation and management actions. The integrated conservation strategy is sufficiently general such that it can be adapted to inform conservation of other highly mobile species subject to global change.
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| 77. |
- Mattsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Gender-specific links between hepatic 11beta reduction of cortisone and adipokines
- 2007
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 15:4, s. 887-894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Reduction of cortisone to cortisol is mediated by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD1), a putative key enzyme in obesity-related complications. Experimental studies suggest that adipokines, notably leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), are of importance for 11betaHSD1 activity. We hypothesized that the regulation of hepatic preceptor glucocorticoid metabolism is gender-specific and associated with circulating levels of leptin and TNF-alpha receptors and/or sex hormones. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A total of 34 males and 38 women (14 premenopausal and 22 postmenopausal) underwent physical examination and fasting blood sampling. Insulin sensitivity was tested by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps, and hepatic 11betaHSD1 enzyme activity was estimated by the conversion of orally-ingested cortisone to cortisol. RESULTS: Hepatic 11betaHSD1 activity was negatively associated with leptin and soluble TNF (sTNF) r1 and sTNFr2 in males. These correlations remained significant after adjustment for age and insulin sensitivity, and for sTNF-alpha receptors also after adjustment of BMI and waist circumference. In contrast, 11beta reduction of cortisone was positively associated to leptin in females after adjustment for BMI and waist circumference. DISCUSSION: Hepatic 11beta reduction shows different links to circulating adipocyte-derived hormones in males and females. This emphasizes the need for further studies on tissue-specific regulation of 11betaHSD1 in both genders.
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| 78. |
- Mattsson, C. Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Fysisk aktivitet - begrepp och definitioner
- 2016
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Ingår i: FYSS 2017. - : Läkartidningen förlag. - 9789198171129 ; , s. 21-34
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SammanfattningFysisk aktivitet är ett komplext beteende och definieras, rent fysiologiskt, som all kroppsrörelse som ökar energiförbrukningen utöver viloförbrukning.Aerob fysisk aktivitet är den vanligaste formen och kan utföras på olika intensiteter, från låg till mycket hög. Aerob fysisk aktivitet som utförs i strukturerad form med syfte att öka eller bibehålla konditionen kan benämnas konditionsträning.Muskelstärkande fysisk aktivitet är den form av fysisk aktivitet som belastar och ställer krav på muskelstyrkan. Muskelstärkande fysisk aktivitet som utförs i strukturerad form kan benämnas styrketräning.Grundläggande principer för kroppens svar på träning, som ”overload”, progression, reversibilitet, specificitet och individuella skillnader presenteras.
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| 79. |
- Mattsson, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy late preterm infants and supplementary artificial milk feeds : Effects on breast feeding and associated clinical parameters
- 2015
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 31:4, s. 426-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: to compare the influence of supplementary artificial milk feeds on breast feeding and certain clinical parameters among healthy late preterm infants given regular supplementary artificial milk feeds versus being exclusively breast fed from birth. DESIGN: a comparative study using quantitative methods. Data were collected via a parental diary and medical records. METHODS: parents of 77 late preterm infants (34 5/7-36 6/7 weeks), whose mothers intended to breast feed, completed a diary during the infants׳ hospital stay. FINDINGS: infants who received regular supplementary artificial milk feeds experienced a longer delay before initiation of breast feeding, were breast fed less frequently and had longer hospital stays than infants exclusively breast fed from birth. Exclusively breast-fed infants had a greater weight loss than infants with regular artificial milk supplementation. A majority of the mothers (65%) with an infant prescribed artificial milk never expressed their milk and among the mothers who used a breast-pump, milk expression commenced late (10-84 hours after birth). At discharge, all infants were breast fed to some extent, 43% were exclusively breast fed. KEY CONCLUSIONS: clinical practice and routines influence the initiation of breast feeding among late preterm infants and may act as barriers to the mothers׳ establishment of exclusive breast feeding.
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
- Mattsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus induces tissue factor expression and procoagulant activity in human monocytes.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - 1098-5522. ; 70:6, s. 3033-3039
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most significant pathogens in human sepsis and endocarditis. S. aureus can initiate blood coagulation, leading to the formation of microthrombi and multiorgan dysfunction in sepsis, whereas in endocarditis the bacterium induces fibrin clots on the inner surface of the heart, so-called endocardial vegetations. In the present study, we show that live and heat-killed S. aureus bacteria are potent inducers of procoagulant activity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, purified peptidoglycan, the main cell wall component of S. aureus, induced procoagulant activity in mononuclear cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. The procoagulant activity in these cells was dependent on expression of tissue factor, since antibodies to tissue factor inhibited the effect of peptidoglycan. In mononuclear cells stimulated with peptidoglycan, reverse transcription-PCR showed tissue factor gene expression, and the gene product was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, flow cytometry identified tissue factor at the surface of CD14-positive monocytes. Peptidoglycan is known to induce proinflammatory cytokine production in monocytes. The present investigation shows that peptidoglycan also activates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation by inducing the expression of tissue factor in these cells. This mechanism helps to explain the procoagulant activity, which plays such an important role in the pathogenicity of severe S. aureus infections.
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| 82. |
- Mattsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Peptidoglycan Induces Mobilization of the Surface Marker for Activation Marker CD66b in Human Neutrophils but Not in Eosinophils.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. - 1071-412X. ; 10:3, s. 485-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus mobilized CD66b in human neutrophils but did not upregulate surface activation markers in eosinophils. In addition, Toll-like receptor 2, implicated in the recognition of peptidoglycan, was detected on the surface of resting neutrophils but not on eosinophils. These findings suggest roles for neutrophils but not eosinophils in innate recognition of peptidoglycan.
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| 83. |
- Mattsson, Eva
(författare)
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Staphylococcal induced inflammatory response in human monocytes: Analysis of factors involved
- 1996
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purified bacterial cell wall components peptidoglycan and teichoic acid were isolated from staphylococcal species S. aureus and/or S. epidermidis and tested for their ability to induce cytokine release from plastic-adherent human monocytes. Both cell wall components dose-dependently induced TNF-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interleukin-6 release, peptidoglycan being more potent than teichoic acid. Reducing the molecular size of peptidoglycan with enzymes or sonication resulted in a loss of TNF-alpha-inducing capacity. Human serum highly potentiated peptidoglycan-induced TNF-alpha release, as measured by ELISA and bioassay. Using deficient and depleted sera it was shown that complement components and immunoglobulin G were involved. The differential effects of intracellular pathway inhibitors on TNF-alpha release were studied using monocytes stimulated by peptidoglycan from S. epidermidis or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli in the presence of 10% human serum. The results showed an involvement of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, protein tyrosine kinase, and a cholera-toxin-sensitive G protein in peptidoglycan- and LPS-induced TNF-alpha release. A S. epidermidis isolate was incubated with 5x minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, oxacillin, vancomycin, or clindamycin. Supernatants from the cultures were tested for TNF-alpha release in the absence or presence of serum. Beta-lactam antibiotics generated significantly more TNF-alpha-releasing material than vancomycin, clindamycin or the bacteria as such. Soluble peptidoglycan and teichoic acid contents estimated by inhibition ELISA correlated with TNF-alpha release.
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| 84. |
- Mattsson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerating target deconvolution for therapeutic antibody candidates using highly parallelized genome editing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Therapeutic antibodies are transforming the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Today, a key challenge is finding antibodies against new targets. Phenotypic discovery promises to achieve this by enabling discovery of antibodies with therapeutic potential without specifying the molecular target a priori. Yet, deconvoluting the targets of phenotypically discovered antibodies remains a bottleneck; efficient deconvolution methods are needed for phenotypic discovery to reach its full potential. Here, we report a comprehensive investigation of a target deconvolution approach based on pooled CRISPR/Cas9. Applying this approach within three real-world phenotypic discovery programs, we rapidly deconvolute the targets of 38 of 39 test antibodies (97%), a success rate far higher than with existing approaches. Moreover, the approach scales well, requires much less work, and robustly identifies antibodies against the major histocompatibility complex. Our data establish CRISPR/Cas9 as a highly efficient target deconvolution approach, with immediate implications for the development of antibody-based drugs.
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| 85. |
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| 86. |
- Mattsson, Johanna Sofia Margareta, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Inconsistent results in the analysis of ALK rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - London, United Kingdom : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Identification of targetable EML4-ALK fusion proteins has revolutionized the treatment of a minor subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is regarded as the gold standard for detection of ALK rearrangements, ALK immunohistochemistry (IHC) is often used as screening tool in clinical practice. In order to unbiasedly analyze the diagnostic impact of such a screening strategy, we compared ALK IHC with ALK FISH in three large representative Swedish NSCLC cohorts incorporating clinical parameters and gene expression data.Methods: ALK rearrangements were detected using FISH on tissue microarrays (TMAs), including tissue from 851 NSCLC patients. In parallel, ALK protein expression was detected using IHC, applying the antibody clone D5F3 with two different protocols (the FDA approved Ventana CDx assay and our in house Dako IHC protocol). Gene expression microarray data (Affymetrix) was available for 194 patients.Results: ALK rearrangements were detected in 1.7% in the complete cohort and 2.0% in the non-squamous cell carcinoma subgroup. ALK protein expression was observed in 1.9% and 1.5% when applying the Ventana assay or the in house Dako protocol, respectively. The specificity and accuracy of IHC was high (>99%), while the sensitivity was between 69% (Ventana) and 62% (in house Dako protocol). Furthermore, only 67% of the ALK IHC positive cases were positive in both IHC assays. Gene expression analysis revealed that 6/194 (3%) tumors showed high ALK gene expression (≥6AU) and of them only three were positive by either FISH or IHC.Conclusion: The overall frequency of ALK rearrangements based on FISH was lower than previously reported. The sensitivity of both IHC assays was low, and the concordance between the FISH and the IHC assays poor, questioning current strategies to screen with IHC prior to FISH or completely replace FISH by IHC.
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| 87. |
- Mattsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Fertility outcomes in women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes-a prospective cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Fertility and Sterility. - : Elsevier. - 0015-0282 .- 1556-5653. ; 116:2, s. 505-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study childbirth and the risk of miscarriage and infertility among women who have received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes before the start of their reproductive journey.DESIGN: Register-based cohort study using the Skåne Healthcare Register SETTING: All healthcare visits for the whole population of the southernmost region in Sweden over the past 20 years PATIENT(S): All women who were aged 18-45 years between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2019 and who received a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes before their first childbirth, miscarriage, or infertility diagnosis (n = 230) were compared with a healthcare-seeking population of women without any type of diabetes, matched for calendar year and age (n = 179,434).INTERVENTION(S): None MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Childbirth, miscarriage, and infertility diagnosis RESULT(S): The birthrate was lower among women with type 2 diabetes (62.6% vs. 83.8%), and they were less likely to give birth (crude risk ratio [RR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.81). They had a higher risk of experiencing a miscarriage (RR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.50-2.36). The risk of infertility was increased (RR = 3.44, 95% CI: 2.88-4.10) as was the risk of having infertility and not giving birth (RR = 4.47, 95% CI: 3.44-5.82). All results remained the same after adjustment for polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity.CONCLUSION(S): Women with type 2 diabetes with onset before their reproductive journey were more often childless compared with women without diabetes and had a higher risk of experiencing both miscarriage and infertility. This patient group may be in need of targeted information regarding potential fertility issues as part of their clinical treatment.
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| 88. |
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| 89. |
- Mattsson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Functional Diversity Facilitates Stability Under Environmental Changes in an Outdoor Microalgal Cultivation System
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-4185. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functionally uniform monocultures have remained the paradigm in microalgal cultivation despite the apparent challenges to avoid invasions by other microorganisms. A mixed microbial consortium approach has the potential to optimize and maintain biomass production despite of seasonal changes and to be more resilient toward contaminations. Here we present a 3-year outdoor production of mixed consortia of locally adapted microalgae and bacteria in cold temperate latitude. Microalgal consortia were cultivated in flat panel photobioreactors using brackish Baltic Sea water and CO2 from a cement factory (Degerhamn, Cementa AB, Heidelberg Cement Group) as a sustainable CO2 source. To evaluate the ability of the microbial consortia to maintain stable biomass production while exposed to seasonal changes in both light and temperature, we tracked changes in the microbial community using molecular methods (16S and 18S rDNA amplicon sequencing) and monitored the biomass production and quality (lipid, protein, and carbohydrate content) over 3 years. Despite changes in environmental conditions, the mixed consortia maintained stable biomass production by alternating between two different predominant green microalgae (Monoraphidium and Mychonastes) with complementary tolerance to temperature. The bacterial population was few taxa co-occured over time and the composition did not have any connection to the shifts in microalgal taxa. We propose that a locally adapted and mixed microalgal consortia, with complementary traits, can be useful for optimizing yield of commercial scale microalgal cultivation.
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| 90. |
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| 91. |
- Mattsson, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic Impact of Mild Hypokalemia in Terms of Death and Stroke in the General Population - a Prospective Population Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9343. ; 131:3, s. 9-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Potassium supplementation reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality and stroke in population studies; however, the prognostic impact of mild hypokalemia in the general population has not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to investigate associations between mild hypokalemia and endpoints in the general population.METHODS: participants (48-76 year old) from the general population study "Copenhagen City Heart Study" (n=5916) were studied. Participants were divided into groups according to baseline-values of plasma-potassium (potassium); Hypokalemia (<3.7 mmol/L,n=758), normokalemia (3.7-4.5 mmol/L] n=4973, and high-potassium (>4.5 mmol/L,n=185). Hypokalemia was further divided in potassium<3.4 and 3.4-3.6 mmol/L. The primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and non-fatal validated ischemic stroke. Secondary endpoint was AMI. We adjusted for conventional risk factors, diuretics and atrial fibrillation (AF) at baseline.RESULTS: Mean potassium in the hypokalemic group was 3.5 mmol/L (range 2.6-3.6) and was associated (P<0.05) with increased systolic blood pressure, higher CHA2DS2-VASc-score, and increased use of diuretics as compared with normokalemia. Baseline AF was equally frequent across groups. Median follow-up-time was 11.9 years (Q1-Q3: 11.4-12.5 years). Hypokalemia was borderline associated with increased stroke-risk in a multivariable Cox model (including adjustment for competing risk) as compared with normokalemia (HR:1.40;95%CI:1.00-1.98). The subgroup with potassium<3.4 mmol/L had higher stroke- (HR:2.10;95%CI:1.19-3.73) and mortality-risk (HR:1.32;95%CI:1.01-1.74) as compared with normokalemia. Hypokalemia was not associated with AMI and no increased risk of mortality was seen with concomitant AMI and hypokalemia. No associations were seen with high-potassium.CONCLUSIONS: In a general population mild hypokalemia is associated with increased stroke-risk and to a lesser degree increased mortality-risk.
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| 92. |
- Mattsson, Nick, et al.
(författare)
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The Reply
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9343. ; 131:4, s. 169-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 93. |
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| 94. |
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| 95. |
- Mattsson, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Cancer Society radiation therapy research investigation
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 41:7-8, s. 596-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an investigation by the Swedish Cancer Society, the present status, critical issues and future aspects and prospects were described by an expert group for each of nine major areas of radiation research. A summary of the investigation is presented in this report. A more extensive summary (in Swedish) can be found at www.Cancerfonden.se. It is concluded that radiation therapy plays an increasingly important role in curative and palliative tumour treatment and presents a considerable challenge to research. Several suggestions are made that could improve the possibilities for high-quality radiation therapy research in Sweden.
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| 96. |
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| 97. |
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| 98. |
- Meijer, Tomas, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Endoparasites in the endangered Fennoscandian population of arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus)
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Wildlife Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1612-4642 .- 1439-0574. ; 57:4, s. 923-927
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fennoscandian arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) population is endangered due to overharvest and competition with the larger red fox (Vulpes vulpes). In this study, we have screened the population in Sweden for endoparasites by analysis of non-invasively faecal samples collected at reproductive dens during two summers, one with low food abundance (2008) and the other with high food abundance (2010). Eggs, larvae and oocysts of a total of 14 different endoparasites were identified with a species richness per inhabited den of 3.2 (CI95% +/- 0.48) in 2008 and 2.7 (CI95% +/- 0.72) in 2010. Capillariidae-like eggs was identified at 59% of the dens in 2008 and 57% in 2010 and Toxocara canis with 7% (2008) and 30% (2010); Toxascaris leonina with 93% (2008) and 65% (2010); Uncinaria stenocephala 65% (2008) and 39% (2010); Crenosoma vulpis 3% (2008) and 4% (2010); Trichuris sp. 7% (2008) and 4% (2010); Cystoisospora canis-like oocysts 28% (2008) and 26% (2010); Cystoisospora ohiensis-like oocysts 38% (2008) and 4% (2010); Eimeria sp. 7% (2008) and 9% (2010); Sarcocystis sp. 3% (2008) and 9% (2010); Taenia sp. 10% (2008) and 4% (2010); Mesocestoides sp. 3% (2008) and 0% (2010); Balantidium sp. 0% (2008) and 9% (2010) and Spiruroidea-like eggs 0% (2008) and 4% (2010). To our knowledge, Balantidium sp., Sarcocystis sp. and Trichuris sp. has never been described before in wild arctic foxes.
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| 99. |
- Olausson, Eva A, et al.
(författare)
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Small particle size of a solid meal increases gastric emptying and late postprandial glycaemic response in diabetic subjects with gastroparesis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Diabetes research and clinical practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8227 .- 0168-8227. ; 80:2, s. 231-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our goal was to investigate if food of small particle size increases the gastric emptying rate and lessens the fall in postprandial blood glucose in seven subjects with Type 1 diabetes and gastroparesis. Two solid meals of identical composition but of different particle size, with 5MBq (99m)Tc added to the meals, were ingested in randomized order in seven subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and gastroparesis and seven healthy subjects. During 180min blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured and gastric emptying of the ingested meals was registered by a gamma camera. The lag phase in the stomach was significantly shorter, the radioactivity remaining in the stomach after 120min (T(120)) was significant less and the postprandial blood glucose dip was less and of shorter duration after a small particle (SP) meal, compared to a large particle (LP) meal in diabetic subjects. Gastric emptying did not differ significantly between groups after an SP meal. Food of small particle size increases the gastric emptying rate and reduces the postprandial blood glucose dip in both magnitude and duration in Type 1 diabetic subjects with gastroparesis, which is likely to be of importance in achieving good metabolic control.
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| 100. |
- Oleröd, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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The variation in free 25-hydroxy vitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein with season and vitamin D status.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Endocrine connections. - 2049-3614. ; 6:2, s. 111-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] varies greatly with season at northern latitudes. The purpose of this study was to determine if the seasonal variations in serum total 25(OH)D are followed by a concomitant variation in free 25(OH)D or if the variation is damped by alterations in the binding capacity of DBP.Serum was collected from 540 healthy blood donors (60% men; mean age 41±13 years) during 12 months and analyzed for total 25(OH)D, directly measured free 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and albumin. Calculated free 25(OH)D was estimated.The UV-B radiation during the sampling month was positively correlated with the serum levels of total 25(OH)D (r=0.355,P<0.001), directly measured free (r=0.336,P<0.001) and calculated free 25(OH)D (r=0.275,P<0.001), but not with DBP and albumin. The percentage of free 25(OH)D was higher during the winter months than that during the summer months (0.020±0.005% vs 0.019±0.004%;P=0.007) and higher in participants with a serum 25(OH)D below 25nmol/L than that in participants with a serum 25(OH)D above 75nmol/L (0.031±0.007% vs 0.017±0.003%;P<0.001). iPTH was correlated with directly measured free 25(OH)D (r=-0.226;P<0.001), but only weakly with calculated free 25(OH)D (r=-0.095;P=0.027).Directly measured free serum 25(OH)D was highly correlated with total serum 25(OH)D and followed the same seasonal variation, whereas the serum concentrations of DBP and albumin were stable. The fluctuation in free 25(OH)D was only marginally damped with an increase in the percentage of free 25(OH)D during the winter months and in participants with vitamin D deficiency.
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