| 51. |
- Glimelius, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
U-CAN : a prospective longitudinal collection of biomaterials and clinical information from adult cancer patients in Sweden.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 57:2, s. 187-194
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Progress in cancer biomarker discovery is dependent on access to high-quality biological materials and high-resolution clinical data from the same cases. To overcome current limitations, a systematic prospective longitudinal sampling of multidisciplinary clinical data, blood and tissue from cancer patients was therefore initiated in 2010 by Uppsala and Umeå Universities and involving their corresponding University Hospitals, which are referral centers for one third of the Swedish population.Material and Methods: Patients with cancer of selected types who are treated at one of the participating hospitals are eligible for inclusion. The healthcare-integrated sampling scheme encompasses clinical data, questionnaires, blood, fresh frozen and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, diagnostic slides and radiology bioimaging data.Results: In this ongoing effort, 12,265 patients with brain tumors, breast cancers, colorectal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematological malignancies, lung cancers, neuroendocrine tumors or prostate cancers have been included until the end of 2016. From the 6914 patients included during the first five years, 98% were sampled for blood at diagnosis, 83% had paraffin-embedded and 58% had fresh frozen tissues collected. For Uppsala County, 55% of all cancer patients were included in the cohort.Conclusions: Close collaboration between participating hospitals and universities enabled prospective, longitudinal biobanking of blood and tissues and collection of multidisciplinary clinical data from cancer patients in the U-CAN cohort. Here, we summarize the first five years of operations, present U-CAN as a highly valuable cohort that will contribute to enhanced cancer research and describe the procedures to access samples and data.
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| 52. |
- Granholm Valmari, Elin, 1983-
(författare)
-
Beyond the badge : police officers’ lifestyles and health
- 2023
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Being a frontline police officer is regarded to be one of the most high-strain professions in the world, encompassing physical, emotional and cognitive stressors. These stressors may cause ill health, physically, mentally and socially, impacting both professional and private life roles and everyday activities. Despite this, there has been limited consideration of the broader complexities of police officers’ lifestyles. Thus, the primary aim of this thesis was to identify health promoters and health challenges within the lifestyles of frontline police officers using a transactional perspective. The secondary aim was to translate these findings into the initial developmental stages of an instrument targeting critical areas of police officers’ lifestyles to foster health sustainability.Method: The thesis includes four studies. In Study I, a method for scoping reviews was used when gathering data from previously conducted studies within Europe. Studies II and III were qualitative studies using in-depth interviews. In Study II a reflexive thematic analysis was used, whereas in Study III qualitative content analysis was utilized. Study IV builds on data from the other studies. During the early development process of the instrument focus groups, cognitive interviewing methods and a content validity approach were undertaken.Findings: Altogether, the findings offer insights into how police officers’ lifecontexts, roles and everyday activities transact to become their unique lifestyles. In Study I the life contexts affecting police officers’ lives and health were mapped. It was concluded that research on police officers’ private lives is limited in Europe, despite contextual and environmental influences on their lives and health. In Studies II and III it was found that balancing work with private-life activities and roles included health challenges and resources. The findings relate to balancing risk and violence with vigilance in private life, societal attitudes with the police identity, work with healthy routines and habits, and unpredictability with stability. Study IV took initial steps towards crafting a self-reflection instrument targeting the essential conditions for living a sustainable and healthy lifestyle asa police officer.Conclusion: This thesis illuminates the complex interplay of factors that definethe unique lifestyles of police officers, influenced by their life contexts, roles, and everyday activities. It highlights the importance of both organizational strategies and police officers utilizing health-promoting strategies in maintaining asustainable lifestyle essential for fostering health sustainability. In the context of societal challenges and the need for a strong police force, maintaining police officers’ health sustainability is crucial for the benefit of both the Police Authority and society.
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| 53. |
- Gretarsson, Sigurdur, et al.
(författare)
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Substantial intrinsic variability in chemoradiosensitivity of newly established anaplastic thyroid cancer cell-lines
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1651-2251 .- 0001-6489. ; 140:4, s. 337-343
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Well characterized human cell lines are needed for preclinical treatment studies of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC).Aims/Objectives: The aim was to establish, verify and characterize a panel of ATC cell lines.Material and methods: Cell lines were established from ATC fine-needle aspiration biopsies and characterized genetically and functionally regarding treatment sensitivities.Results: Eight cell lines were established in vitro and the anaplastic thyroid origin was verified. Seven of the cell lines were also grown as xenografts. The cell lines harboured complex karyotypes with modal numbers in hyperdiploid to near-pentaploid range. Five were TP53 mutated and three carried the BRAFV600E mutation. None had rearrangements of RET. For doxorubicin, IC50 ranged from 0.42 to 46 nmol/L and for paclitaxel from 1.6 to 196 nmol/L. Radiation sensitivity varied between 2.6 and 6.3 Gy. Two of the BRAF mutated cell lines displayed high sensitivity to vemurafenib, while the third was similar to the wild-type ones.Conclusions and significance: We describe a series of new ATC cell lines demonstrating large heterogeneity in the response to cytostatic drugs and the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. The observations are relevant to future attempts to optimize treatment combinations for ATC.
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| 54. |
- Gustafsson, Ulf O., et al.
(författare)
-
Adherence to the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol and outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery
- 2011
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Ingår i: Archives of surgery (Chicago. 1960). - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0004-0010 .- 1538-3644. ; 146:5, s. 571-577
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To study the impact of different adherence levels to the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol and the effect of various ERAS elements on outcomes following major surgery. Design: Single-center prospective cohort study before and after reinforcement of an ERAS protocol. Comparisons were made both between and across periods using multivariate logistic regression. All clinical data (114 variables) were prospectively recorded. Setting: Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Patients: Nine hundred fifty-three consecutive patients with colorectal cancer: 464 patients treated in 2002 to 2004 and 489 in 2005 to 2007. Main Outcome Measures: The association between improved adherence to the ERAS protocol and the incidence of postoperative symptoms, complications, and length of stay following major colorectal cancer surgery was analyzed. Results: Following an overall increase in preoperative and perioperative adherence to the ERAS protocol from 43.3% in 2002 to 2004 to 70.6% in 2005 to 2007, both postoperative complications (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-0.98) and symptoms (odds ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.70) declined significantly. Restriction of intravenous fluid and use of a preoperative carbohydrate drink were major independent predictors. Across periods, the proportion of adverse postoperative outcomes (30-day morbidity, symptoms, and readmissions) was significantly reduced with increasing adherence to the ERAS protocol (>70%, >80%, and >90%) compared with low ERAS adherence (<50%). Conclusion: Improved adherence to the standardized multimodal ERAS protocol is significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes following major colorectal cancer surgery, indicating a dose-response relationship.
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| 55. |
- Gustafsson, Ulf O., et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to the ERAS protocol is Associated with 5-Year Survival After Colorectal Cancer Surgery : A Retrospective Cohort Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: World Journal of Surgery. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 40:7, s. 1741-1747
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Surgical stress can influence oncological outcome and survival. The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is designed to reduce perioperative stress and has been shown to reduce postoperative morbidity. We studied if adherence to ERAS is associated with increased long-term survival.Methods: Between the years 2002 and 2007, 911 consecutive patients, operated with major colorectal cancer surgery at Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden were analyzed. The histopathological reports of the resected specimen, date, and cause of death of the patients as well as postoperative CRP levels were obtained. The relation between the rate of adherence to the ERAS protocol at the time of surgery, and the short-term outcomes in relation to 5-year overall and colorectal cancer-specific survival was determined in this retrospective cohort study.Results: In patients with ≥70 % adherence to ERAS interventions (N = 273,), the risk of 5-year cancer-specific death was lowered by 42 %, HR 0.58 (0.39-0.88, cox regression) compared to all other patients (<70 % adherence). Significant independent perioperative predictors of increased 5-year survival were avoiding overload of intravenous fluids, HR 0.53 (0.32-0.86); oral intake on the day of operation, HR 0.55 (0.34-0.78); and low CRP levels on postoperative day 1.Conclusion: High adherence to the ERAS protocol may be associated with improved 5-year cancer-specific survival after colorectal cancer surgery.
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| 56. |
- Gustafsson, Ulf O., et al.
(författare)
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Can nutritional supplements and rectal enema be used as bowel cleansing for colonoscopy? : results of a randomized controlled pilot study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 49:4, s. 485-491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Currently available preparations for colonoscopy have low tolerability and may cause fluid and electrolyte shifts. An alternative method of bowel cleansing is required.Material and methods. Preparation of the gut using oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and rectal enema was tested as an alternative method of bowel cleansing. During 2008-2012, patients were randomized to oral nutritional supplements (n = 27) for 5 days and rectal enema or polyethylene glycol (PEG) (n = 23) prior to colonoscopy. Blinded endoscopists rated the degree of bowel cleansing according to the Ottawa bowel preparation scale (OBS) (primary outcome). Tolerability of either preparation was also assessed (ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier no: NCT00123456).Results. Due to a high rate of bowel cleansing failure among patients receiving ONS, the study was interrupted prematurely. Colonoscopies were incomplete due to stools in 6 of 27 patients in the ONS group compared to 1 of 23 in the PEG group (ns). The mean total OBS were 8.3 +/- 3.3 and 5.3 +/- 2.8, respectively (p = 0.002). Four patients (15%) in the ONS group and eight patients (35%) receiving PEG had an OBS score <= 4 (good preparation) (ns). ONS was better tolerated than PEG with more patients reporting acceptable taste (27 of 27 [100%] vs. 15 of 23 [65%], p = 0.001), and fewer reporting difficulties with the intake (0 of 27 [0%] vs. 10 of 23 [43%], p < 0.001) and nausea (5 of 27 [19%] vs. 13 of 23 [57%], p < 0.008).Conclusions. For routine use, ONS with enema instead of traditional preparation for colonoscopy with PEG cannot be generally recommended.
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| 57. |
- Hanberger, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Audit and Accountability
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Blom, B., Evertsson, L. & Perlinski, M. (Eds.) Social and Caring Professions in European Welfare States.. - Bristol, UK. : Policy Press. - 9781447327196
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 58. |
- Hanberger, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Auditing and accountability
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Social and caring professions in European welfare states. - Bristol : Policy Press. - 9781447327196 ; , s. 83-97
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter consists of two parts. First, two accountability dilemmas are identified, key concepts are defined, and a framework for exploring the interplay among democratic governance, audit systems, and accountability is presented. Second, two different but dominant audit systems used in Swedish eldercare are described and analysed in light of this framework, and consequences of auditing and accountability for key actors involved are discussed, as well as possible ways of resolving the two accountability dilemmas. In relation to the volume, this chapter explores conditions, trends, and challenges in today's audit society and their implications for welfare professions and other key actors. Swedish eldercare is an illustrative case of a phenomenon occurring in most policy sectors.
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| 59. |
- Hanberger, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Can state supervision improve eldercare? : An analysis of the soundness of the Swedish supervision model
- 2018
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 48:2, s. 371-389
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the assumptions regarding how Swedish state supervision (SSV) ofeldercare is to achieve its intended effects. It explores how SSV is intended to work toensure and improve eldercare quality, and theoretically and empirically assesses the validityof its guiding assumptions with programme theory methodology. The theoreticalassessment suggests that most intended effects are partly achieved, though the qualityenhancingassumption finds little support in caring research. The assumption that thesupervised parties will improve their compliance with laws and regulations has some validity,but this compliance is temporary and confined to the aspects of eldercare beingsupervised. Twenty-four interviews with the chairs of Social Welfare Committees andcare unit managers provide empirical support for all but two intended effects. SSV hasnot increased ‘awareness of national regulative demands in eldercare’ or contributed to‘general quality improvement in eldercare’. Four unintended effects of SSV were also recognisedin the interviews—for example, unsupervised caring activities were less prioritised.The authors conclude that, although SSV does little to improve eldercare quality, itis needed for transparency and accountability as well as to hold local governments andpublic and private service providers to account for compliance with national statutes.
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| 60. |
- Hanberger, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
-
Can state supervision improve eldercare? An analysis of the assumptions of the Swedish supervision model
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Can state supervision improve eldercare? An analysis of the assumptions of the Swedish supervision modelBackground: Lately the supervision of Swedish eldercare has been reinforced to ensure better compliance with laws and regulations. Policy-makers express high expectation that this reform will improve quality in eldercare, and ensure older citizens a good and equal distribution of eldercare.Purpose: The aim of this paper is to unfold the underlying assumptions of how the supervision model (inspectorate) is intended to work to ensure and improve quality in Swedish eldercare, and to probe the validity of the assumptions.Method: A program theory analysis is carried out to describe how state supervision is assumed to work to achieve intended effects. These assumptions are referred to as the supervision’s program theory. A policy scientific method is applied to reconstruct the program theory. Once the program theory is described its consistence is analyzed and the validity is assessed against supervision theory and caring theory.Results: The assumption that the supervised will improve compliance with laws and regulations has some validity but confined to aspects of eldercare being supervised. The theories we used provide no support that supervision is an effective tool for improving quality in eldercare.Conclusions: Reinforced supervision cannot be justified with reference to supervision being an effective tool or mechanism to enhance quality in eldercare. However, some kind of supervision is necessary for transparency and holding local governments, and public and private service providers to account for compliance with the statues. Supervision also reinforce the national objectives and standards that should guide social service committees and eldercare service providers.
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| 61. |
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| 62. |
- Hanberger, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Hur kan granskning av äldreomsorg studeras?
- 2019. - 1
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Ingår i: Perspektiv på granskning inom offentlig sektor. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151100654 ; , s. 39-54
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 63. |
- Hanberger, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Hur kan granskning av äldreomsorgen studeras?
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Perspektiv på granskning inom offentlig sektor : Med äldreomsorgen som exempel. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. - 9789151100654
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
- Hanberger, Anders, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Tillsyn och öppna jämförelser : exemplet äldreomsorgen
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Äldreomsorg har genom olika former av utvärdering fått avsevärt ökad uppmärksamhet i media och politisk debatt. I denna session diskuteras vilka konsekvenser som två dominerande former av utvärdering – tillsyn och öppna jämförelser – har för äldreomsorgens styrning, ansvarsutkrävande och verksamhetsutveckling. Sessionen utgår från resultat från ett Forte-finansierat forskningsprojekt om användning av utvärdering i äldreomsorgen.
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| 66. |
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| 67. |
- Hedström, Mariann, et al.
(författare)
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Accuracy of assessment of distress, anxiety, and depression by physicians and nurses in adolescents recently diagnosed with cancer
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 46:7, s. 773-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. As staff members prioritize medical resources forpatients, it is imperative to find out whether their assessments ofpatients’ health status agree with patients’ assessments. The degree towhich physicians and nurses can identify the distress, anxiety, anddepression experienced by adolescents recently diagnosed withcancer was examined here. Procedure. Adolescents undergoingchemotherapy (13–19 years, n¼53), physicians (n¼48), and nurses(n¼53) completed a structured telephone interview, 4–8 weeksafter diagnosis or relapse, investigating disease and treatment-relateddistress, anxiety, and depression. Results. The accuracy of staffratings of physical distress could be considered acceptable.However, problems of a psychosocial nature, which were frequentlyoverestimated, were difficult for staff to identify. Staff underestimatedthe distress caused by mucositis and worry about missing schoolmore than they overestimated distress. These aspects were some ofthe most prevalent and overall worst according to the adolescents.Both physicians and nurses overestimated levels of anxiety anddepression. Nurses tended to show higher sensitivity than physiciansfor distress related to psychosocial aspects of distress, whilephysicians tended to show higher accuracy than nurses for physicaldistress. Conclusions. Staff was reasonably accurate at identifyingphysical distress in adolescents recently diagnosed with cancerwhereas psychosocial problems were generally poorly identified.Thus, the use of staff ratings as a ‘‘test’’ to guide specific supportseems problematic. Considering that the accuracy of staff ratingsoutside a research study is probably lower, identification of andaction taken on adolescent problems in relation to cancer diagnosisand treatment need to rely on direct communication.
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| 68. |
- Heijl, Richard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Thermoelectric properties of Ba8Ga16Ge30 with TiO2 nanoinclusions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 112:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects on thermal and electrical properties of adding small amounts of TiO2 nanoinclusions to bulk Ba8Ga16Ge30 clathrate have been investigated. The thermal properties were analysed using the transient plane source technique and the analysis showed a significant decrease in thermal conductivity as the volume fraction of TiO2 increased from 0 vol. % to 1.2 vol. %. The introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles caused a shift in the peak value of the Seebeck coefficient towards lower temperatures. The maximum value of the Seebeck coefficient was, however, only little affected. The introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles into the bulk Ba8Ga16Ge30 resulted in an increased electrical resistivity of the sample, thus simultaneously reducing the charge carrier contribution to the thermal conductivity, partly explaining the decrease in total thermal conductivity. Due to the large increase in resistivity of the samples, ZT was only somewhat improved for the material with 0.4 vol. % TiO2 while the ZT values of the other materials were lower than for the reference Ba8Ga16Ge30 material without TiO2 nanoparticles. The combined results are consistent with a scenario where the nanoparticle introduction causes a light doping of the semiconductor matrix and an increased concentration of phonon scattering centres.
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| 69. |
- Henningsen, Anna-Karina A, et al.
(författare)
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Infant and maternal health monitoring using a combined Nordic database on ART and safety.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0412 .- 0001-6349. ; 90:7, s. 683-691
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate infant and maternal health after assisted reproductive technology (ART), using data on over 90 000 ART children and their mothers in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Data have been combined and will be compared with a control group of spontaneously conceived children and their mothers. The overall aim of this project is to evaluate the safety of ART. The size of the cohort should enable estimation of the prevalence of rare conditions such as birth defects, cancers, neurological impairments and imprinting diseases in the ART population compared to control children. Outcome data on the mothers of ART children can be used to study risks during pregnancy and obstetric complications after ART. Methods. A personal identification number given to all Nordic residents allows cross-linkage of the national health registers and enables long-term follow-up of ART children. The medical birth registers in the Nordic countries make it possible to cross-link data from mother and child. When a child is identified as conceived by ART, we can obtain a list of all International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes ever registered on that specific child. Conclusion. Combining the Nordic ART and health registers is a complicated but feasible task. The main strengths of this ongoing study are the size of the cohort of ART children and their mothers and the possibility to follow the children through the health registers. The limitations are related to the national differences in reporting and recording of data together with the heterogeneity of data.
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| 70. |
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| 71. |
- Hinke, Simon A., et al.
(författare)
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Anchored phosphatases modulate glucose homeostasis
- 2012
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Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : Wiley. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 31:20, s. 3991-4004
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endocrine release of insulin principally controls glucose homeostasis. Nutrient-induced exocytosis of insulin granules from pancreatic beta-cells involves ion channels and mobilization of Ca2+ and cyclic AMP (cAMP) signalling pathways. Whole-animal physiology, islet studies and live-beta-cell imaging approaches reveal that ablation of the kinase/phosphatase anchoring protein AKAP150 impairs insulin secretion in mice. Loss of AKAP150 impacts L-type Ca2+ currents, and attenuates cytoplasmic accumulation of Ca2+ and cAMP in beta-cells. Yet surprisingly AKAP150 null animals display improved glucose handling and heightened insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. More refined analyses of AKAP150 knock-in mice unable to anchor protein kinase A or protein phosphatase 2B uncover an unexpected observation that tethering of phosphatases to a seven-residue sequence of the anchoring protein is the predominant molecular event underlying these metabolic phenotypes. Thus anchored signalling events that facilitate insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis may be set by AKAP150 associated phosphatase activity.
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| 72. |
- Hjelm, Linnea C., et al.
(författare)
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Lysis of Staphylococcal Cells by Modular Lysin Domains Linked via a n-covalent Barnase-Barstar Interaction Bridge
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-302X. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacteriophage endolysins and bacterial exolysins are capable of enzymatic degradation of the cell wall peptidoglycan layer and thus show promise as a new class of antimicrobials. Both exolysins and endolysins often consist of different modules, which are responsible for enzymatic functions and cell wall binding, respectively. Individual modules from different endo- or exolysins with different binding and enzymatic activities, can via gene fusion technology be re-combined into novel variants for investigations of arrangements of potential clinical interest. The aim of this study was to investigate if separately produced cell wall binding and enzyme modules could be assembled into a functional lysin via a non-covalent affinity interaction bridge composed of the barnase ribonuclease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its cognate inhibitor barstar, known to form a stable heterodimeric complex. In a proof-of-principle study, using surface plasmon resonance, flow cytometry and turbidity reduction assays, we show that separately produced modules of a lysin cysteine/histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP) from Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage K endolysin (LysK) fused to barnase and a cell wall binding Src homology 3 domain (SH3b) from the S. simulans exolysin lysostaphin fused to barstar can be non-covalently assembled into a functional lysin showing both cell wall binding and staphylolytic activity. We hypothesize that the described principle for assembly of functional lysins from separate modules through appended hetero-dimerization domains has a potential for investigations of also other combinations of enzymatically active and cell wall binding domains for desired applications.
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| 73. |
- Hordoir, Robinson, et al.
(författare)
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Nemo-Nordic 1.0 : a NEMO-based ocean model for the Baltic and North seas - research and operational applications
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Geoscientific Model Development. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1991-959X .- 1991-9603. ; 12:1, s. 363-386
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present Nemo-Nordic, a Baltic and North Sea model based on the NEMO ocean engine. Surrounded by highly industrialized countries, the Baltic and North seas and their assets associated with shipping, fishing and tourism are vulnerable to anthropogenic pressure and climate change. Ocean models providing reliable forecasts and enabling climatic studies are important tools for the shipping infrastructure and to get a better understanding of the effects of climate change on the marine ecosystems. Nemo-Nordic is intended to be a tool for both short-term and long-term simulations and to be used for ocean forecasting as well as process and climatic studies. Here, the scientific and technical choices within Nemo-Nordic are introduced, and the reasons behind the design of the model and its domain and the inclusion of the two seas are explained. The model's ability to represent barotropic and baroclinic dynamics, as well as the vertical structure of the water column, is presented. Biases are shown and discussed. The short-term capabilities of the model are presented, especially its capabilities to represent sea level on an hourly timescale with a high degree of accuracy. We also show that the model can represent longer timescales, with a focus on the major Baltic inflows and the variability in deep-water salinity in the Baltic Sea.
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| 74. |
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| 75. |
- Hult, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Application of a high-repetition-rate laser diagnostic system for single-cycle-resolved imaging in internal combustion engines
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 41:24, s. 5002-5014
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-repetition-rate laser-induced fluorescence measurements of fuel and OH concentrations in internal combustion engines are demonstrated. Series of as many as eight fluorescence images, with a temporal resolution ranging from 10 mus to 1 ms, are acquired within one engine cycle. A multiple-laser system in combination with a multiple-CCD camera is used for cycle-resolved imaging in spark-ignition, direct-injection stratified-charge, and homogeneous-charge compression-ignition engines. The recorded data reveal unique information on cycle-to-cycle variations in fuel transport and combustion. Moreover, the imaging system in combination with a scanning mirror is used to perform instantaneous three-dimensional fuel-concentration measurements.
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| 76. |
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| 77. |
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| 78. |
- Hultqvist, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The Hcci Combustion Process in a Single Cycle-High-Speed Fuel Tracer Lif and Chemiluminescence Imaging
- 2002
-
Ingår i: SAE Technical Papers.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) combustion progress has been characterized by means of high- speed fuel tracer Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) combined with simultaneous chemiluminescence imaging. Imaging has been conducted using a high-speed laser and detector system. The system can acquire a sequence of eight images within less than one crank angle. The engine was run at 1200 rpm on iso-octane or ethanol and a slight amount of acetone was added as a fuel tracer, providing a marker for the unburned areas. The PLIF sequences showed that, during the first stage of combustion, a well distributed decay of fuel concentration occurs. During the later parts of the combustion process the fuel concentration images present much more structure, with distinct edges between islands of unburned fuel and products. The transition between the evenly distributed fuel oxidation in the beginning and the large structures at the end, is most likely the result of a gradual amplification of small temperature inhomogeneities and an expansion of burned gas compressing the unburned.
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| 79. |
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
- Kolsrud, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized pig model.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-734X. ; 57:4, s. 652-659
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute kidney injury is a well-known complication after cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this experimental animal study, we evaluated the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal function, perfusion, oxygenation and tubular injury during CPB.Twenty pigs were blindly randomized to continuous infusion of either ANP (50ng/kg/min) or placebo before, during and after CPB. Renal blood flow as well as cortical and medullary perfusion was measured. Blood was repeatedly sampled from the renal vein. Glomerular filtration rate was measured by infusion clearance of 51Cr-EDTA.Glomerular filtration rate was higher (P<0.001), whereas renal blood flow or renal oxygen delivery was not affected by ANP during CPB. Renal oxygen consumption did not differ between groups during CPB, whereas renal oxygen extraction was higher in the ANP group (P=0.03). Urine flow and sodium excretion were higher in the ANP group during CPB. Blood flow in the renal medulla, but not in the cortex, dropped during CPB, an effect that was not seen in the animals that received ANP.ANP improved renal function during CPB. Despite impaired renal oxygenation, ANP did not cause tubular injury, suggesting a renoprotective effect of ANP during CPB. Also, CPB induced a selectively reduced blood flow in the renal medulla, an effect that was counteracted by ANP.
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| 82. |
- Kvarnheden, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Sixty Years After the First Description: Genome Sequence and Biological Characterization of European Wheat Striate Mosaic Virus Infecting Cereal Crops
- 2020
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Ingår i: Phytopathology. - 0031-949X .- 1943-7684. ; 110, s. 68-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-throughput sequencing technologies were used to identify plant viruses in cereal samples surveyed from 2012 to 2017. Fifteen genome sequences of a tenuivirus infecting wheat, oats, and spelt in Estonia, Norway, and Sweden were identified and characterized by their distances to other tenuivirus sequences. Like most tenuiviruses, the genome of this tenuivirus contains four genomic segments. The isolates found from different countries shared at least 92% nucleotide sequence identity at the genome level. The planthopper Javesella pellucida was identified as a vector of the virus. Laboratory transmission tests using this vector indicated that wheat, oats, barley, rye, and triticale, but none of the tested pasture grass species (Alopecurus pratensis, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca rubra, Lolium multiflorum, Phleum pratense, and Poa pratensis), are susceptible. Taking into account the vector and host range data, the tenuivirus we have found most probably represents European wheat striate mosaic virus first identified about 60 years ago. Interestingly, whereas we were not able to infect any of the tested cereal species mechanically, Nicotiana benthamiana was infected via mechanical inoculation in laboratory conditions, displaying symptoms of yellow spots and vein clearing evolving into necrosis, eventually leading to plant death. Surprisingly, one of the virus genome segments (RNA2) encoding both a putative host systemic movement enhancer protein and a putative vector transmission factor was not detected in N. benthamiana after several passages even though systemic infection was observed, raising fundamental questions about the role of this segment in the systemic spread in several hosts.
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| 83. |
- Lackmann, Tim, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of turbulence–chemistry interactions in a heavy-duty diesel engine with a representative interactive linear eddy model
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engine Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1468-0874 .- 2041-3149. ; 21:8, s. 1469-1479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulations of a heavy-duty diesel engine operated at high-load and low-load conditions were compared to each other, and experimental data in order to evaluate the influence of turbulence–chemistry interactions on heat release, pressure development, flame structure, and temperature development are quantified. A recently developed new combustion model for turbulent diffusion flames called representative interactive linear eddy model which features turbulence–chemistry interaction was compared to a well-stirred reactor model which neglects the influence of turbulent fluctuations on the mean reaction rate. All other aspects regarding the spray combustion simulation like spray break-up, chemical mechanism, and boundary conditions within the combustion chamber were kept the same in both simulations. In this article, representative interactive linear eddy model is extended with a progress variable, which enables the model to account for a flame lift-off and split injection, when it is used for diffusion combustion. In addition, the extended version of representative interactive linear eddy model offers the potential to treat partially premixed and premixed combustion as well. The well-stirred reactor model was tuned to match the experimental results, thus computed pressure and apparent heat release are in close agreement with the experimental data. Representative interactive linear eddy model was not tuned specifically for the case and thus the computed results for pressure and heat release are in reasonable agreement with experimental data. The computational results show that the interaction of the turbulent flow field and the chemistry reduce the peak temperatures and broaden up the turbulent flame structure. Since this is the first study of a real combustion engine (metal engine) with the newly developed model, representative interactive linear eddy model appears as a promising candidate for predictions of spray combustion in engines, especially in combustion regimes where turbulence–chemistry interaction plays an even more important role like, example given, in low-temperature combustion or combustion with local extinction and re-ignition.
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| 84. |
- Larsson, Anders Olof, 1979-
(författare)
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Doing Things in Relation to Machines : Studies on Online Interactivity
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Internet is often discussed in conjunction with various notions of interactivity. Recently, conceptualizations of a “Web 2.0″, mainly focusing on harnessing user-generated content, have grown increasingly common in both public discourse and among researchers interested in the continued growth and transformation of the Internet.This thesis approaches the use and non-use of online interactive features by societal institutions. Specifically, the thesis focuses on online newspapers and online political actors, studying the practitioners working within those institutions and on their respective audiences. Consisting of four empirical studies, the thesis is informed theoretically by the application of conceptual tools pertaining to structuration theory. In Anthony Giddens’ original conception, structuration theory posits that social structure is recursively shaped (and possibly altered) as human agents choose to re-enact certain modalities of specific structures. By changing their uses of the rules and resources made available to them by structure, humans are given agency in relation to overarching, macro-level structures. Giddens’ writings have also been contextualized to the study of information technology use by Wanda Orlikowski, who has mostly focused on organizational research.Combining insights from Giddens and Orlikowski, the thesis suggests that most Internet users are enacting a “structure of audiencehood”, entailing somewhat traditional consumer behavior, rather than a “structure of prosumerism”, which would entail extensive uses of the interactive features made available online. Similar traditional use patterns are discerned for practitioners. The thesis suggests that we should not be surprised at relatively low levels of use of interactive features by practitioners and audiences in these contexts. While the chosen areas of study are often surrounded by expectations and “hype” regarding the consequences of online interactivity, institutionalized news and politics can be said to represent stable structures – structures that have functioned in similar ways for extended periods of time, and, thus, are not so easily amended.
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| 85. |
- Laryea, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the cytotoxic activity of the indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptolepine in human tumour cell lines and primary cultures of tumour cells from patients
- 2009
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Ingår i: Investigational new drugs. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6997 .- 1573-0646. ; 27:5, s. 402-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plant derived indoloquinoline alkaloid cryptolepine was investigated for its cytotoxic properties in 12 human tumour cell lines and in primary cultures of tumour cells from patients. The fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay was used to assess cytotoxicity and DNA micro-array analysis to evaluate gene expression. Cryptolepine mean IC(50) in the cell line panel was 0.9 muM compared with 1.0 and 2.8 muM in haematological and solid tumour malignancies, respectively. Among patient solid tumour samples, those from breast cancer were the most sensitive and essentially as sensitive as haematological malignancies. Cryptolepine activity showed highest correlations to topoisomerase II and microtubule targeting drugs. In the cell lines cryptolepine activity was essentially unaffected by established mechanisms of drug resistance. A number of genes were identified as associated with cryptolepine activity. In conclusion, cryptolepine shows interesting in vitro cytotoxic properties and its further evaluation as an anti-cancer drug seems warranted.
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| 86. |
- Laryea, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the cytotoxic properties of the benzimidazole fungicides, benomyl and carbendazim, in human tumour cell lines and primary cultures of patient tumour cells
- 2010
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Ingår i: Anti-Cancer Drugs. - 0959-4973 .- 1473-5741. ; 21:1, s. 33-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The benzimidazoles, benomyl and carbendazim, are fungicides suggested to target microtubules. Benomyl is metabolized to carbendazim, which has already been explored as an anticancer drug in phase 1 clinical trials. We further characterized the cytotoxic properties of benomyl and carbendazim in 12 human cell lines and in primary cultures of patient tumour cells with the overall aims of elucidating mechanisms of action and anticancer activity spectrum. Cytotoxicity was assessed in the short-term fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay and was correlated with the activity of other anticancer drugs and gene expression assessed by cDNA microarray analysis. Benomyl was generally more potent than its metabolite, carbendazim. Both showed high drug activity correlations with several established and experimental anticancer drugs, but modest association with established mechanisms of drug resistance. Furthermore, these benzimidazoles showed high correlations with genes considered relevant for the activity of several mechanistically different standard and experimental anticancer drugs, indicating multiple and broad mechanisms of action. In patient tumour samples, benomyl tended to be more active in haematological compared with solid tumour malignancies, whereas the opposite was observed for carbendazim. In conclusion, benomyl and carbendazim show interesting and diverse cytotoxic mechanisms of action and seem suitable as lead compounds for the development of new anticancer drugs.
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| 87. |
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| 88. |
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| 89. |
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| 90. |
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| 91. |
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| 92. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic perioperative management : novel concepts
- 2005
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Ingår i: Current Opinion in Critical Care. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1070-5295 .- 1531-7072. ; 11:4, s. 295-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of review: This review summarizes novel information regarding the role of metabolic control in the perioperative period.Recent findings: Managing perioperative metabolism has recently been shown to be an important way to improve outcomes in surgical care. In particular, postoperative insulin resistance and hyperglycemia have been linked to many common complications. Recent studies have explored the toxicity of hyperglycemia and suggest a causal relation between insulin resistance and complications in the postoperative state. Controlling glucose concentrations with insulin has been shown to also improve protein balance and fat metabolism. In addition, insulin may affect other hormones including insulinlike growth factor-I during surgical stress. Lastly, recent data suggest that hyperglycemia plays an important role in aggravating the inflammatory response, in that overflow of substrates in the mitochondria causes the formation of excess free oxygen radicals and may also alter gene expression to enhance cytokine production. Although overcoming insulin resistance by insulin infusion is one way of combating hyperglycemia, prevention of its development can also be achieved by using epidural blockade to reduce the release of adrenal stress hormones and to control pain, by preoperative carbohydrates instead of overnight fasting, and by minimal invasive surgical techniques.Summary: Minimizing the effects of insulin resistance has been shown to substantially improve outcome after surgical stress.
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| 93. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Modulation of post-operative insulin resistance by pre-operative carbohydrate loading
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the nutrion society. - Oxon, United Kingdom : C A B I Publishing. - 0029-6651. ; 61:3, s. 329-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin resistance develops as a response to virtually all types of surgical stress. There is an increasing body of evidence that suggests that insulin resistance in surgical stress is not beneficial for outcome. A recent large study in intensive-care patients showed that aggressive treatment of insulin resistance using intravenous insulin reduced mortality and morbidity substantially. Similarly, in burn patients, intensive insulin and glucose treatment has been shown to improve N economy and enhance skin-graft healing. In surgical patients insulin resistance has been characterized in some detail, and has been shown to have many similarities with metabolic changes seen in patients with type 2 diabetes. This finding may be important since insulin resistance has been shown to be one independent factor that influences length of stay. When patients about to undergo elective surgery have been treated with glucose intravenously or a carbohydrate-rich drink instead of overnight fasting, insulin resistance was reduced by about half. A small meta-analysis showed that when post-operative insulin resistance was reduced by pre-operative carbohydrates, length of hospital stay was shortened. Overnight intravenous glucose at high doses improved post-operative N economy. This type of treatment has also been shown repeatedly to reduce cardiac complications after open-heart surgery. Furthermore, if the carbohydrates are given as a drink pre-operatively, pre-operative thirst, hunger and anxiety are markedly reduced. In summary, preventing or treating insulin resistance in surgical stress influences outcome. Fasting overnight is not an optimal way to prepare patients for elective surgery. Instead, pre-operative carbohydrates have clinical benefits.
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| 94. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Pre- och postoperativ vård
- 2010. - 3
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Ingår i: Kirurgi. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144057149 ; , s. 23-38
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 95. |
- Ma Lu, Silvia, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Vertical Bifacial Agrivoltaic and Other Systems Modelling : Effect of Dynamic Albedo on Irradiance and Power Output Estimations
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In agrivoltaic systems combining solar photovoltaic and agricultural activities, ground albedo is mainly characterized by the crop and its seasonal variations. This study examines the effects of using fixed, satellite-derived, and hourly measured albedo on the performance of a vertical bifacial system and a 1-axis tracking system using a bifacial photovoltaic model (AgriOptiCE®). The model is developed with Matlab® and partially based on the open-source package pvlib. AgriOptiCE® is firstly validated by comparing estimated front and rear irradiances with on-site measurements for specific periods from a 1-axis tracker site in Golden, USA and a vertical agrivoltaic system in Västerås, Sweden. Furthermore, photovoltaic system power output estimations using AgriOptiCE® are also validated for the vertical agrivoltaic system and the conventional ground-mounted fixed-tilt system at the same location. The validations demonstrate the high accuracy of the proposed model in estimating front and rear irradiances and power output, obtaining R2 > 0.85 for all the studied cases. The study results indicate that measured albedo provides the highest accuracy, while satellite- derived albedo has poorer results due to the broader spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. Fixed albedo is not recommended for yearly assessment of bifacial PV systems because it cannot account for snow events and daily variations, resulting in lower overall accuracy.
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| 96. |
- Meuller, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of genomic deletions of the APC gene in familial adenomatous polyposis by two independent quantitative techniques.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Genetic testing. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1090-6576 .- 1557-7473. ; 8:3, s. 248-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large deletions in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene, causing familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), cannot easily be detected by conventional mutation-detection techniques. Therefore, we have developed two independent quantitative methods for the detection of large deletions, encompassing one or more exons, of APC. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) is performed in one reaction for the initial quantification of all APC exon copy numbers. Subsequently, quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) is used to verify the results obtained in the MLPA reaction. The identification of a deletion of the whole APC gene in a patient with classical FAP is described. The mutation was detected with the two quantitative methods and further verified on chromosomal level by the use of FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) on metaphase spreads. Furthermore, a large deletion covering exons 11-13 of the APC gene was detected in two apparently unrelated families. This deletion was further verified and characterized with long-range PCR. The MLPA test ensures a sensitive high-throughput screening for large deletions of the APC gene and can easily be implemented in the diagnostic testing for FAP.
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| 97. |
- Myrhammar, Anders, 1987-
(författare)
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Investigations of chemical and enzymatic functionalization of affinity proteins
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- AbstractAffinity proteins are important reagents in research, diagnostics and therapeutic settings. The focus of this thesis has been on investigating different chemical and enzymatic strategies for engineering of affinity proteins to generate affinity reagents with improved or changed functionality. The modifications introduced in affibodies, representing a class of small, three-helix engineered scaffold proteins, and antibodies were selected and implemented through rational design, using a combination of solid phase peptide synthesis, genetic engineering and enzymatic conjugation, depending on the case.In a first study, thioether crosslinks were introduced between internally positioned lysines and cysteines of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (hEGFR)-targeting affibody ZEGFR:1907, to test the possibility to increase the proteolytic stability of the affibody scaffold. Three different variants of crosslinked affibodies were produced, containing one or two crosslinks. All three variants showed similar affinities to EFGR, and secondary structure contents, as the unmodified control protein. The crosslinked affibodies were challenged with the endopeptidases pepsin, found in the stomach, and trypsin and chymotrypsin, found in the gut. All affibodies showed improved stability towards at least one of the proteases, but the largest improvement was seen for the affibody harboring two crosslinks, which displayed the greatest stability in both assays.Improvement in proteolytic stability of affibodies was further explored. In another study a sortase A-catalyzed intramolecular head-to-tail conjugation of the dimeric human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)-targeting affibody (ZHER2:342)2 was performed. Analysis showed no change in α-helicity for the cyclic dimer compared to the linear control, and a slight increase in melting temperature. Interestingly, in contrast to the linear variant, the cyclic dimer showed no signs of proteolytic degradation after 60 min exposure to the exopeptidase carboxypeptidase A.The ability to change protein functionality by chemical modification was explored in two studies. The immunoglobulin-binding Z domain, from which the affibody scaffold is derived, was used as a model protein in one study, where light-induced affinity modulation was investigated. An azobenzene switch that isomerizes from a trans to a cis state was introduced end-to-end to one of the helices in three different designs of the Z domain. The conformational change induced by isomerization was hypothesized to be large enough to cause a loss in binding affinity in the conjugated affibody, which was tested in an affinity chromatography assay in which one of the affibodies captured to an IgG-sepharose column showed loss of affinity during illumination.Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes have previously successfully been used for selective hybridization between the primary, tumor-targeting agent and the secondary agent in a pretargeting set-up for in vivo tumor imaging or directed therapy. In a last study, a Z domain-PNA conjugate produced via sortase A-mediated conjugation was photoconjugated to a lactosaminated antibody for possible use as an in vivo clearing agent for clearance of excess of primary probes via an hepatic route. The clearing agent showed partial success in a mouse model but the concept needs further work.The work in this thesis shows the diverse possibilities available for changing the functionality of affinity proteins through chemical and enzymatic methods for different applications, and provides a framework for potential further improvement of both affibody and antibody functionality.
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| 98. |
- Månsson, Christopher, Läkarexamen, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation as First Line Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
- 2019
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 39:5, s. 2509-2512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Aim:Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has recently been used as an experimental ablation treatment following systemic chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate survival of LAPC patients after IRE prior to chemotherapy. The secondary aim was to examine the complication rates.Patients and Methods:Twenty-four patients with LAPC were included and treated with percutaneous ultrasound-guided IRE under general anesthesia. Survival data from the National Quality Registry for Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancer for LAPC during the same period were used for comparison.Results:The median survival after diagnosis was 13.3 months in the IRE group compared to 9.9 months in the registry group (p=0.511). Six patients had a severe complication after IRE treatment.Conclusion:No obvious gain in survival was observed with IRE as the first line treatment of LAPC and IRE was associated with severe complications. This study does not support percutaneous IRE in this setting.
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| 99. |
- Månsson, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous irreversible electroporation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer following chemotherapy or radiochemotherapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983 .- 1532-2157. ; 42:9, s. 1401-1406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a non-thermal based tumor ablation method used close to vessels and ducts and has the potential of treating locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IRE in patients with LAPC after chemo- and/or radio-chemotherapy.Method: Twenty-four patients with biopsy proven LAPC and who had received chemo- and/or radio-chemotherapy with no signs of metastases were included and treated with ultrasound guided percutaneous IRE under general anesthesia.Results: The median overall survival from diagnosis of LAPC was 17.9 months; this included 7.0 months after IRE. Median time from IRE was 6.1 months to local progression and 2.7 months to observation of metastases. Local control was observed in nine patients. IRE related complications were observed in 11 patients, three of which were serious complications. There was no IRE related mortality.Conclusion: Percutaneous IRE is reasonably safe in LAPC after chemo-/radio-chemotherapy and with promising results regarding efficacy.
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| 100. |
- Månsson, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation for Treatment of Localized Pancreatic Cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 34:1A, s. 289-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local tumor treatment. Thin needles are placed percutaneously around the tumor under ultrasound guidance. Short pulses of direct current sent through the tissue irreversibly increase cell membrane permeability leading to cell death. We report a phase I study assessing the safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous IRE in patients with localized pancreatic cancer (LPC).Patients and Methods:Five patients (three males) with LPC, judged unsuitable for surgery, chemotherapy, or non-resectable after standard oncological treatment, were treated with IRE. The treatment was given under general anesthesia with muscle relaxation.Results:No serious treatment-related adverse events were observed. There was no 30-day mortality. One patient went on to laparotomy and had a R0 pancreaticoduodenectomy with portal vein resection. Six months after the treatment, two patients had no signs of recurrence on computed tomography or contrast-enhanced ultrasound.Conclusion: IRE for LPC can be safely performed percutaneously under ultrasound guidance, with promising initial results regarding efficacy.
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