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- Yi, Q, et al.
(författare)
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T and B lymphocytes reacting with the extracellular loop of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) are present in the peripheral blood of patients with myasthenia gravis.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Clinical and experimental immunology. - 0009-9104. ; 103:1, s. 133-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighteen percent of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) have serum antibodies against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the second extracellular loop of the human beta 2AR (residues 172-197). In this study we examined T and B cell responses to the peptide, using assays to detect individual cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-4 or antibodies against the peptide, and by measuring thymidine incorporation in response to the peptide. The peptide from the beta 2AR induced cytokine secretion from blood mononuclear cells in 67% of MG patients, compared with 14-28% of the control groups. Cells secreting antibodies binding to the peptide were present in 54% of MG patients and in 19-28% of controls. The numbers of beta 2AR-reactive cells were higher in MG patients than in controls. Peptide-induced increase in thymidine incorporation in cells was also more frequently demonstrated in patients (26%) compared with controls (about 10%). Activation of cells was dependent on monocytes and on MHC class II DR antigen. Based on the pattern of the cytokine secretion induced, beta 2AR-reactive T cells comprise both T helper type-1 and type-2 subsets. In addition, control peptide-reactive T and B cells were much less frequently demonstrated in the patients, and the number of such cells did not differ between the groups. Our results show that beta 2AR-reactive cells are present in most patients with MG. Such autoreactive antibodies and cells might play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease by influencing the function of skeletal muscle and immune systems.
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| 57. |
- Zhao, X. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Genotypes of CCR2 and CCR5 chemokine receptors in human myasthenia gravis
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 12:5, s. 749-753
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the association of human autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) with two DNA polymorphisms of the chemokine receptors CCR5-Delta32 and CCR2-64I. CCR2 and CCR5 interact primarily with the human CC family ligands CCL2 (formerly called monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP-1), CCL3 and CCL4 (macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and -1beta; MIP-1alpha/beta), and their main function is to recruit leukocytes from circulation into the tissues, thus playing an important role in human inflammatory disorders. A PCR-based genotyping method was used to determine the genetic variation at the CCR5 gene and an automated real-time Pyrosequencing technology was employed for the analysis of G-->A point mutation at the CCR2 gene. Results obtained from 158 patients and 272 healthy controls demonstrate no evidence of association between genetic variants of CCR2 and CCR5 with MG and its clinical manifestations. CCR2-64I and CCR5-Delta32 genotypes are thus unlikely to be involved in protection or predisposition to MG.
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