| 51. |
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| 52. |
- Gullestad, L., et al.
(author)
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Galectin-3 predicts response to statin therapy in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure (CORONA)
- 2012
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 33:18, s. 2290-2296
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To investigate whether plasma galectin-3, a mediator of fibrogenesis, can identify patients with chronic heart failure (HF) for whom statins are effective. Patients with ischaemic systolic HF enrolled in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure (CORONA) were randomly assigned to 10 mg/day of rosuvastatin or placebo. Galectin-3 was measured in plasma. The primary outcome was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Of 1492 patients, 411 had a primary event during a median follow-up of 32.8 months. There was an interaction between baseline galectin-3 and rosuvastatin on the primary endpoint (P-value for interaction 0.036). Among patients with below the median plasma concentrations of galectin-3 (19.0 ng/mL), those assigned to rosuvastatin had a lower primary event rate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.65; 95 confidence interval (CI), 0.460.92; P 0.014], lower total mortality (HR 0.70; 95 CI, 0.500.98; P 0.038), and lower event rate of all-cause mortality and HF hospitalizations (HR 0.72; 95 CI, 0.540.98; P 0.017) compared with placebo, but no benefit was observed in patients with higher levels of galectin-3. The combination of concurrently low concentrations of galectin-3 and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (102.7 pmol/L) identified patients with a large benefit with rosuvastatin (HR 0.33; 95 CI, 0.160.67; P 0.002). Patients with systolic HF of ischaemic aetiology who have galectin-3 values 19.0 ng/mL may benefit from rosuvastatin treatment. However, the data from this post hoc analysis should be interpreted with caution since the overall results of the CORONA study did not show a significant effect on the primary endpoint.
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| 53. |
- Gullestad, L., et al.
(author)
-
The predictive value of galectin-3 for mortality and cardiovascular events in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure (CORONA)
- 2012
-
In: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703. ; 164:6, s. 878-883
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Galectin-3 is a new biomarker involved in inflammation and fibrogenesis and could therefore contribute to myocardial remodeling. We examined the prognostic value of baseline galectin-3 in a substudy involving approximately 30% of participants in the CORONA study. Methods Patients (n = 1462) aged >60 years with systolic, ischemic heart failure (HF) were randomized to 10 mg/d rosuvastatin or placebo. The primary composite end point was cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke (n = 408). Results In the unadjusted analysis, galectin-3 was associated with all end points considered, except hospitalization for worsening of HF. In multivariable analyses, adjusting for other clinical and biochemical predictor variables, galectin-3 was significantly associated with the primary end point (hazard ratio [HR] 1.53 [1.10-2.12], P = .011) as well as all-cause (HR 1.61 [1.20-2.29], P = .002) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.70 [1.19-2.42], P = .003), sudden death (HR 1.83 [1.14-2.94], P = .012), and the coronary end point (HR 1.48 [1.03-2.12], P = .035). However, when N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide was added to the model, galectin-3 association with the end points was markedly attenuated and no longer significant. Conclusions Galectin-3 is not associated with outcome in older patients with advanced chronic systolic HF of ischemic etiology when adjusting for N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and may therefore have limited use in the prognostication of elderly patients with systolic HF in clinical practice. (Am Heart J 2012;164:878-83.)
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Haatveit, Beathe, et al.
(author)
-
Reduced load-dependent default mode network deactivation across executive tasks in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
- 2016
-
In: NeuroImage. - 0353-8842 .- 2213-1582. ; 12, s. 389-396
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment and brain network dysconnectivity. Recent efforts have explored brain circuits underlying cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and documented altered activation of large-scale brain networks, including the task-positive network (TPN) and the task-negative default mode network (DMN) in response to cognitive demands. However, to what extent TPN and DMN dysfunction reflect overlapping mechanisms and are dependent on cognitive state remain to be determined.METHODS: In the current study, we investigated the recruitment of TPN and DMN using independent component analysis in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 21) during two different executive tasks probing planning/problem-solving and spatial working memory.RESULTS: We found reduced load-dependent DMN deactivation across tasks in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, we observed only moderate associations between the TPN and DMN activation across groups, implying that the two networks reflect partly independent mechanisms. Additionally, whereas TPN activation was associated with task performance in both tasks, no such associations were found for DMN.CONCLUSION: These results support a general load-dependent DMN dysfunction in schizophrenia spectrum disorder across two demanding executive tasks that is not merely an epiphenomenon of cognitive dysfunction.
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| 56. |
- Haatveit, Beathe, et al.
(author)
-
Reduced load-dependent default mode network deactivation across executive tasks in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
- 2016
-
In: NeuroImage Clinical. - : Elsevier BV. - 0353-8842 .- 2213-1582. ; 12, s. 389-396
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive impairment and brain network dysconnectivity. Recent efforts have explored brain circuits underlying cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and documented altered activation of large-scale brain networks, including the task-positive network (TPN) and the task-negative default mode network (DMN) in response to cognitive demands. However, to what extent TPN and DMN dysfunction reflect overlapping mechanisms and are dependent on cognitive state remain to be determined. METHODS: In the current study, we investigated the recruitment of TPN and DMN using independent component analysis in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 21) during two different executive tasks probing planning/problem-solving and spatial working memory. RESULTS: We found reduced load-dependent DMN deactivation across tasks in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, we observed only moderate associations between the TPN and DMN activation across groups, implying that the two networks reflect partly independent mechanisms. Additionally, whereas TPN activation was associated with task performance in both tasks, no such associations were found for DMN. CONCLUSION: These results support a general load-dependent DMN dysfunction in schizophrenia spectrum disorder across two demanding executive tasks that is not merely an epiphenomenon of cognitive dysfunction.
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Lahteenmaki, L., et al.
(author)
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Acceptability of genetically modified cheese presented as real product alternative
- 2002
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In: Food Quality and Preference. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 13:42193, s. 523-533
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- European consumers, in general, have negative attitudes towards the use of gene technology in food production. The objective of this study was to examine whether taste and health benefits influence the acceptability of genetically modified (gm) products when they are presented as real product alternatives. Consumers in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden (n=738) assessed two cheeses: one was labelled as genetically modified (preferred in an earlier product test) and the other as conventional (neutral in an earlier product test). A smaller control group received two cheeses with blind codes. Labelling decreased consumers' intentions to buy the originally preferred gm-labelled cheese, but still the intentions were at the same level with the conventionally labelled option. Participants chose two gm cheeses out of five possible when given the option to take cheese home after tasting. Intentions to buy gm cheese could best be explained by respondents' attitudes towards gene technology and perceived taste benefits. General health interest was also a reinforcer of intentions for gm cheese with reduced fat content. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 60. |
- Latini, R., et al.
(author)
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Pentraxin-3 in chronic heart failure: the CORONA and GISSI-HF trials
- 2012
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In: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 14:9, s. 992-999
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a component of the humoral arm of innate immunity which can regulate inflammatory processes. Since the role of inflammation in the progression of chronic heart failure (HF) is debated, we investigated the prognostic value of PTX3 and the effect of a statin in two large populations of patients with HF. Plasma levels of PTX3 were measured at randomization and after 3 months in 1457 patients enrolled in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in HF (CORONA) and 1233 patients enrolled in the GISSI-Heart Failure trial (GISSI-HF). The relationships between baseline PTX3 levels or their changes over time and mortality were evaluated with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models including clinical factors, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). PTX3 concentration [median (Q1Q3) 5.34 (3.557.64) ng/mL, n 2690] was higher in females, in older patients, and those with lower body mass index. Baseline elevated PTX3 was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality [759 events, hazard ratio (HR) for 1 SD increase 1.20, 95 confidence interval (CI) 1.121.30, P 0.0001], cardiovascular mortality (587 events, HR 1.27, 95 CI 1.171.38, P 0.0001), or hospitalization for worsening HF (720 events, HR 1.21, 95 CI 1.121.30, P 0.0001), and marginally improved discrimination. Three-month changes in PTX3 were associated with fatal events after adjustment for hsCRP or NT-proBNP. Rosuvastatin lowered hsCRP levels but significantly raised PTX3. In two independent clinical trials that enrolled patients with chronic HF, PTX3 was consistently associated with outcomes. The opposite effects of a statin on hsCRP and PTX3 call for further investigation. NCT00336336 (GISSI-HF), NCT00206310 (CORONA).
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| 61. |
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
- Lehmann, U., et al.
(author)
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Efficacy of fish intake on vitamin D status: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- 2015
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In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 102:4, s. 837-847
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: It is well known that fish is the major natural source of vitamin D in the diet; therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the influence of fish consumption in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations. Objective: A literature search was carried out in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (up to February 2014) for RCTs that investigated the effect of fish consumption on 25(OH)D concentrations in comparison to other dietary interventions. Results: Seven articles and 2 unpublished study data sets with 640 subjects and 14 study groups met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with controls, the consumption of fish increased 25(OH)D concentrations, on average, by 4.4 nmol/L (95% CI: 1.7, 7.1 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I-2 = 25%; 9 studies). The type of the fish also played a key role: the consumption of fatty fish resulted in a mean difference of 6.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 3.7, 9.9 nmol/L; P < 0.0001, I-2 = 0%; 7 study groups), whereas for lean fish the mean difference was 1.9 nmol/L (95% CI: -2.3, 6.0 nmol/L; P < 0.38, I-2 = 37%; 7 study groups). Short-term studies (4-8 wk) showed a mean difference of 3.8 nmol/L (95% CI: 0.6, 6.9 nmol/L; P < 0.02, I-2 = 38%; 10 study groups), whereas in long-term studies (similar to 6 mo) the mean difference was 8.3 nmol/L (95% CI: 2.1, 14.5 nmol/L; P < 0.009, I-2 = 0%; 4 study groups). Conclusion: As the major food source of vitamin D, fish consumption increases concentrations of 25(OH)D, although recommended fish intakes cannot optimize vitamin D status.
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| 64. |
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| 65. |
- Morch-Johnsen, L, et al.
(author)
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Negative Symptom Domains Are Associated With Verbal Learning in Adolescents With Early Onset Psychosis
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 12, s. 825681-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Early-onset psychosis (EOP) is among the leading causes of disease burden in adolescents. Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits predicts poorer functional outcome. A better understanding of the association between negative symptoms and cognitive impairment may inform theories on underlying mechanisms and elucidate targets for development of new treatments. Two domains of negative symptoms have been described in adult patients with schizophrenia: apathy and diminished expression, however, the factorial structure of negative symptoms has not been investigated in EOP. We aimed to explore the factorial structure of negative symptoms and investigate associations between cognitive performance and negative symptom domains in adolescents with EOP. We hypothesized that (1) two negative symptom factors would be identifiable, and that (2) diminished expression would be more strongly associated with cognitive performance, similar to adult psychosis patients.Methods: Adolescent patients with non-affective EOP (n = 169) were included from three cohorts: Youth-TOP, Norway (n = 45), Early-Onset Study, Norway (n = 27) and Adolescent Schizophrenia Study, Mexico (n = 97). An exploratory factor analysis was performed to investigate the underlying structure of negative symptoms (measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)). Factor-models were further assessed using confirmatory factor analyses. Associations between negative symptom domains and six cognitive domains were assessed using multiple linear regression models controlling for age, sex and cohort. The neurocognitive domains from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery included: speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, and reasoning and problem solving.Results: The exploratory factor analysis of PANSS negative symptoms suggested retaining only a single factor, but a forced two factor solution corroborated previously described factors of apathy and diminished expression in adult-onset schizophrenia. Results from confirmatory factor analysis indicated a better fit for the two-factor model than for the one-factor model. For both negative symptom domains, negative symptom scores were inversely associated with verbal learning scores.Conclusion: The results support the presence of two domains of negative symptoms in EOP; apathy and diminished expression. Future studies on negative symptoms in EOP should examine putative differential effects of these symptom domains. For both domains, negative symptom scores were significantly inversely associated with verbal learning.
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| 66. |
- Nymo, St., et al.
(author)
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Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration is independently associated with mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
- 2018
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In: International journal of cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-1754 .- 0167-5273. ; 262, s. 79-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Circulating neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration increases in cardiovascular disease, but the long-term prognostic value of NGAL concentration has not been evaluated in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the association between NGAL concentration and prognosis in patients with ACS after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or STEMI.NGAL concentration was measured in blood from 1121 consecutive ACS patients (30% women, mean age 65years) on the first morning after admission. After adjustment for 14 variables, NGAL concentration predicted long-term (median 167months) mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.61, P=0.003) for quartile (q) 4 of NGAL concentration. NGAL concentrations also predicted long-term mortality (HR=1.63, 95% CI 1.31-2.03, P<0.001, N=741) when adjusting for Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. With these adjustments, NGAL concentration predicted long-term mortality in NSTEMI patients (HR=2.02, 95% CI 1.50-2.72, P<0.001) but not in STEMI patients (HR=1.32, 95% CI 0.95-1.83, P=0.100). In all patients, the combination of NGAL concentration and GRACE score yielded an HR of 5.56 (95% CI 4.37-7.06, P<0.001) for q4/q4 for both variables.NGAL concentration in ACS is associated with long-term prognosis after adjustment for clinical confounders. Measuring circulating NGAL concentration may help to identify patients-particularly those with NSTEMI-needing closer follow-up after ACS.
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| 67. |
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| 68. |
- Paulsen, Morten T., et al.
(author)
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Sensory perception of salmon and culinary sauces : An interdisciplinary approach
- 2012
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In: Food Quality and Preference. - : Elsevier. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 23:2, s. 99-109
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sauces play an important role in the sensory perception of meals. The combination of sauce and other foods in a meal might cause sensory interactions which change sensory attributes and the overall impression of the meal. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of culinary sauces, with different levels and combinations of the basic tastes, on the sensory attributes of salmon using mixed tasting technique. Seventeen different combinations of salmon and culinary sauces were evaluated by a trained panel at Nofima using descriptive analysis. The samples were analyzed in this sequence; first the salmon, then the sauce and finally the combination of salmon and sauce. Significant changes were found in salmon for all combinations, most importantly; bitter, acid and salty sauces significantly reduced salmon flavor, while salty sauce also reduced fish-oil flavor. Bitter, acid and salty sauces significantly increased the attribute complexity and bitter sauce reduced the attribute harmony. This study can be seen as a model for product development combining experimental design and sensory analysis with culinary knowledge. Results may be applied for tailoring fish meals for specific consumer segments. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
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| 71. |
- Smelror, RE, et al.
(author)
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Negative and disorganized symptoms mediate the relationship between verbal learning and global functioning in adolescents with early-onset psychosis
- 2020
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In: European child & adolescent psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-165X .- 1018-8827. ; 29:12, s. 1693-1703
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neurocognitive deficits are associated with impaired global functioning and psychotic symptoms. However, whether symptoms can mediate the relationship between neurocognition and global functioning in adolescent psychosis is unclear. Here, we investigated if symptoms assessed with the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), mediated the relationship between neurocognitive performance and global functioning in adolescents with non-affective early-onset psychotic disorders (EOP). Sixty-one adolescent EOP patients (age 12–18 years) from 2 Norwegian clinical cohorts were included. Linear regression models were applied to investigate associations between neurocognitive domains from the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and global functioning. PANSS symptoms were analyzed using the Wallwork/Fortgang five-factor model. Using the INDIRECT macro for SPSS, mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping with 95% bias corrected confidence intervals. Verbal learning was positively associated with global functioning (P < 0.001) and negatively associated with the disorganized symptom factor (P = 0.002), controlling for age, sex and cohort. Testing of indirect effects, controlling for age, sex and cohort, showed that the Negative (point estimate = 1.56, 95% CI 0.22, 3.47) and Disorganized (point estimate = 1.24, 95% CI 0.05, 3.69) symptom factors significantly mediated the relationship between verbal learning and global functioning. We found that verbal learning, negative and disorganized symptoms influenced global functioning in adolescents with EOP, while reality-distorted positive symptoms did not. These results suggest that assessing these domains in EOP is helpful for planning treatment and rehabilitation programs focusing on functional outcome.
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| 72. |
- Sonderby, Ida E., et al.
(author)
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Dose response of the 16p11.2 distal copy number variant on intracranial volume and basal ganglia
- 2020
-
In: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 25:3, s. 584-602
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carriers of large recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. The 16p11.2 distal CNV predisposes carriers to e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We compared subcortical brain volumes of 12 16p11.2 distal deletion and 12 duplication carriers to 6882 non-carriers from the large-scale brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging collaboration, ENIGMA-CNV. After stringent CNV calling procedures, and standardized FreeSurfer image analysis, we found negative dose-response associations with copy number on intracranial volume and on regional caudate, pallidum and putamen volumes (β = −0.71 to −1.37; P < 0.0005). In an independent sample, consistent results were obtained, with significant effects in the pallidum (β = −0.95, P = 0.0042). The two data sets combined showed significant negative dose-response for the accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen and ICV (P = 0.0032, 8.9 × 10−6, 1.7 × 10−9, 3.5 × 10−12 and 1.0 × 10−4, respectively). Full scale IQ was lower in both deletion and duplication carriers compared to non-carriers. This is the first brain MRI study of the impact of the 16p11.2 distal CNV, and we demonstrate a specific effect on subcortical brain structures, suggesting a neuropathological pattern underlying the neurodevelopmental syndromes.
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| 73. |
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| 74. |
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| 75. |
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| 76. |
- Ueland, T., et al.
(author)
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Growth differentiation factor 15 predicts poor prognosis in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction and anemia: results from RED-HF
- 2022
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In: Clinical Research in Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1861-0684 .- 1861-0692. ; 111:4, s. 440-450
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims We aimed to assess the value of GDF-15, a stress-responsive cytokine, in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and anemia Methods and results Serum GDF-15 was assessed in 1582 HFrEF and mild-to-moderate anemia patients who where followed for 28 months in the Reduction of Events by Darbepoetin alfa in Heart Failure (RED-HF) trial, an overall neutral RCT evaluating the effect darbepoetin alfa on clinical outcomes in patients with systolic heart failure and mild-to- moderate anemia. Association between baseline and change in GDF-15 during 6 months follow-up and the primary composite outcome of all-cause death or HF hospitalization were evaluated in multivariable Cox-models adjusted for conventional clinical and biochemical risk factors. The adjusted risk for the primary outcome increased with (i) successive tertiles of baseline GDF15 (tertile 3 HR 1.56 [1.23-1.98] p < 0.001) as well as with (ii) a 15% increase in GDF-15 levels over 6 months of followup (HR 1.68 [1.38-2.06] p < 0.001). Addition of change in GDF-15 to the fully adjusted model improved the C-statistics (p < 0.001). No interaction between treatment and baseline or change in GDF-15 on outcome was observed. GDF-15 was inversely associated with several indices of anemia and correlated positively with ferritin. Conclusions In patients with HF and anemia, both higher baseline serum GDF- 15 levels and an increase in GDF-15 during follow-up, were associated with worse clinical outcomes. GDF-15 did not identify subgroups of patients who might benefit from correction of anemia but was associated with several indices of anemia and iron status in the HF patients.
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| 77. |
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| 78. |
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| 80. |
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| 81. |
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| 82. |
- Van Parys, A., et al.
(author)
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Assessment of Dietary Choline Intake, Contributing Food Items, and Associations with One-Carbon and Lipid Metabolites in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: The Hordaland Health Study
- 2022
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In: Journal of Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3166. ; 152:2, s. 513-524
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Choline is an essential nutrient for humans and is involved in various physiologic functions. Through its metabolite betaine, it is closely connected to the one-carbon metabolism, and the fat-soluble choline form phosphatidylcholine is essential for VLDL synthesis and secretion in the liver connecting choline to the lipid metabolism. Dietary recommendations for choline are not available in the Nordic countries primarily due to data scarcity. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary intake of total choline and individual choline forms, dietary sources, and the association of total choline intake with circulating one-carbon metabolites and lipids. Methods: We included 5746 participants in the Hordaland Health Study, a survey including community-dwelling adults born in 1925-1927 (mean age 72 y, 55% women) and 1950-1951 (mean age 48 y, 57% women). Dietary data were obtained using a 169-item FFQ, and choline content was calculated using the USDA Database for Choline Content of Common Foods, release 2. Metabolites of the one-carbon and lipid metabolism were measured in a nonfasting blood sample obtained at baseline, and the association with total choline intake was assessed using polynomial splines. Results: The geometric mean (95% prediction interval) energy-adjusted total choline intake was 260 (170, 389) mg/d, with phosphatidylcholine being the main form (44%). The major food items providing dietary choline were eggs, low-fat milk, potatoes, and leafy vegetables. Dietary total choline was inversely associated with circulating concentrations of total homocysteine, glycine, and serine and positively associated with choline, methionine, cystathionine, cysteine, trimethyllysine, trimethylamine-N-oxide, and dimethylglycine. A weak association was observed between choline intake and serum lipids. Conclusions: Phosphatidylcholine was the most consumed choline form in community-dwelling adults in Norway. Our findings suggest that choline intake is associated with the concentration of most metabolites involved in the one-carbon and lipid metabolism. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.
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| 83. |
- Welsh, P., et al.
(author)
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Prognostic importance of emerging cardiac, inflammatory, and renal biomarkers in chronic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and anaemia: RED-HF study
- 2018
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In: European journal of heart failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 20, s. 268-277
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: To test the prognostic value of emerging biomarkers in the Reduction of Events by Darbepoetin Alfa in Heart Failure (RED-HF) trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: Circulating cardiac [N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT)], neurohumoral [mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) and copeptin], renal (cystatin C), and inflammatory [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] biomarkers were measured at randomization in 1853 participants with complete data. The relationship between these biomarkers and the primary composite endpoint of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death over 28 months of follow-up (n = 834) was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression, the c-statistic and the net reclassification index (NRI). After adjustment, the hazard ratio (HR) for the composite outcome in the top tertile of the distribution compared to the lowest tertile for each biomarker was: NT-proBNP 3.96 (95% CI 3.16-4.98), hsTnT 3.09 (95% CI 2.47-3.88), MR-proADM 2.28 (95% CI 1.83-2.84), copeptin 1.66 (95% CI 1.35-2.04), cystatin C 1.92 (95% CI 1.55-2.37), and hsCRP 1.51 (95% CI 1.27-1.80). A basic clinical prediction model was improved on addition of each biomarker individually, most strongly by NT-proBNP (NRI +62.3%, P < 0.001), but thereafter was only improved marginally by addition of hsTnT (NRI +33.1%, P = 0.004). Further addition of biomarkers did not improve discrimination further. Findings were similar for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: Once NT-proBNP is included, only hsTnT moderately further improved risk stratification in this group of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients with moderate anaemia. NT-proBNP and hsTnT far outperform other emerging biomarkers in prediction of adverse outcome.
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| 84. |
- Werner, MCF, et al.
(author)
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Immune marker levels in severe mental disorders: associations with polygenic risk scores of related mental phenotypes and psoriasis
- 2022
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In: Translational psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2158-3188. ; 12:1, s. 38-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several lines of evidence implicate immune abnormalities in the pathophysiology of severe mental disorders (SMD) and comorbid mental disorders. Here, we use the data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of autoimmune diseases and mental phenotypes associated with SMD to disentangle genetic susceptibilities of immune abnormalities in SMD. We included 1004 patients with SMD and 947 healthy controls (HC) and measured plasma levels of IL-1Ra, sIL-2R, gp130, sTNFR-1, IL-18, APRIL, and ICAM-1. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) of six autoimmune disorders, CRP, and 10 SMD-related mental phenotypes were calculated from GWAS. General linear models were applied to assess the association of PRS with immune marker abnormalities. We found negative associations between PRS of educational attainment and IL-1Ra (P = 0.01) and IL-18 (P = 0.01). There were nominal positive associations between PRS of psoriasis and sgp130 (P = 0.02) and PRS of anxiety and IL-18 (P = 0.03), and nominal negative associations between PRS of anxiety and sIL-2R (P = 0.02) and PRS of educational attainment and sIL-2R (P = 0.03). Associations explained minor amounts of the immune marker plasma-level difference between SMD and HC. Different PRS and immune marker associations in the SMD group compared to HC were shown for PRS of extraversion and IL-1Ra ([interaction effect (IE), P = 0.002), and nominally for PRS of openness and IL-1Ra (IE, P = 0.02) and sTNFR-1 (IE, P = 0.04). Our findings indicate polygenic susceptibilities to immune abnormalities in SMD involving genetic overlap with SMD-related mental phenotypes and psoriasis. Associations might suggest immune genetic factors of SMD subgroups characterized by autoimmune or specific mental features.
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