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1.	Eriksén, Sara (author) Localizing Self on the Internet; Designing for Genius Loci in a Global Context 2002 In: Social Thinking. - : MIT Press. - 0262042045 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract The chapter begins with a sketchy overview of what I see as the major shift during the past century in mainstream social theorizing, and a comparison of this to recent and on-going developments of IT and software practice. These themes are then brought together in a brief personal narrative of experiences from four research and development projects I have been involved in during the past four years. 'Genius loci', interpreted here as 'the spirit of the place', is a metaphor borrowed from architectural discourse and Greek mythology. It is used in this context as an analytical tool for re-conceptualizing the relationship of the user to the development, design and use of public information systems accessible via the Internet. The use of this metaphor, and of the concept of 'strong subjectivity', is a way of exploring if it is possible to objectify and instrumentalize the actions, rather than the actors, in the on-going discourse around human-machine interaction.
2.	Kyhlbäck, Hans, et al. (author) Who is involved in HCI design? : an activity theoretical perspective 2004 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The aim of the paper is to discuss the conception of design in the field of human-computer interaction. From an activity-theory perspective, three aspects of design issues in HCI are stressed. They are, first, a broader conception of what it means to design and which artefacts are to be designed; second, a more molar unit of analysis than merely the design of the computer system, including an extended time frame for the design process; and, third, taking designers most often neglected, namely the practitioner, seriously. Our method is to take a detailed case study as our point of departure, where the case begets the concepts, and at the same time works as a test bench for the generated ideas. Thus, methodologically we ask what a detailed case might tell about design related to HCI.
3.	Ekelin, Annelie (author) It Takes More than Two to TANGO:Co-constructing Situated Accountability through a Local E-Government Arena 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract E-demokrati, e-government, situerat ansvarstagande, informatik och politik, triple helix, medborgare
4.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) Making e-Government Happen. Everyday co-development of services, citizenship and technology. 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract In a joint research project concerning the use and design of IT in public services, we are using a simple figure of on-going, design-oriented interactions to highlight shifting foci on relationships of codevelopment of services, citzenship and technology. We bring together a number of concrete examples of this on-going everyday co-development, presented from the different perspectives that we, as researchers from different disciplines and traditions, represent in the project. The article explores and discusses wokring relations of technology production and use that we see as central to what is actually making e-government happen - or not happen. The main challenge in this area, as we see it, concerns making visible, and developing supportive infrastructures for, the continuing local adaptation, development and design in use of integrated IT and public services.
5.	Ekelin, Annelie, et al. (author) KomInDu : A Small Project about Big Issues 2004 In: The proceedings from the biennial Participatory Conferences (PDC)2004. - Toronto : CPSR. - 1581138512 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract In this short paper, we present glimpses from an interdisciplinary research and development project aimed at enhancing local democracy by developing ICT support for the consultation process around the comprehensive plan of a municipality. For the participating researchers, the project offered the opportunity of combining and comparing approaches and methods from two different design traditions that share democratic ideals and ambitions of nurturing citizen/user participation in design processes. This proved to be more challenging than we had originally anticipated. Differences in perspective gave different interpretations of the design context as well as of how participatory the processes actually were.
6.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) From Knowledge Transfer to Situated Innovation 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Innovation systems, triple helix, and similar expressions, are used to conceptualise the growing need for more integrated forms of co-operation between academia and other societal actors, such as governmental agencies and industry, in order to produce knowledge relevant for society. However, there is as yet little reported experience from such recent and on-going co-operative projects of how research changes when it becomes involved in practices it is meant to contribute to. In this paper, the authors report about three different research projects where researchers co-operated with governmental agencies and industry around the development of ICT. Evidence from three domains, namely e-government, telecommunications and welfare services, indicates the need for problematising current mainstream understandings of innovation. Innovation, as we see it, is occurring through configurations of designers, developers and domain experts that form constituencies and where scientific knowledge is confronted by requirements, constraints and possibilities of the specific situation. In this context innovation of, or involving, ICT requires a significant amount of imagination, represents a relatively sharp break with established ways of doing things, and requires artful integration of different professional practices, communities, and technologies. We define these creative processes of co-development of work practices, organisations and technology as situated innovation.
7.	Lindstrand, Peg, et al. (author) Parents and children view ICT 2004 In: Technology and Disability. - : IOS Press. - 1055-4181 .- 1878-643X. ; 16:3, s. 179-183 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This brief report discusses Information and Communication Technology (ICT), a contemporary phenomenon that can be said to change and affect our life patterns and our opportunities in many situations. A question is what experiences and needs parents and children with disabilities have and how these needs have been created. How do they experience ICT and what role does ICT have in their lives? What is included in the messages contributed by parents and children thus becomes central. The results show that certain skills learned via the computer can lead to social gains, e.g. play and communication with peers. Another result is that new technology can help the child to show his/her skills.
8.	Ekelin, Annelie, et al. (author) Making an exit in research : ethical and practical implications in a society dependent on sustainability 2004 In: Public Proofs. - Paris. Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper draws upon experiences and involvement in several joint research- and development (R&D) projects, organised as a kind of “micro innovation system”, involving multi-organisational and multi-disciplinary cooperators, mainly within the area of e-government or IT-support for homecare. Each project was organised around development or costumization of a computer application, supporting for instance on-line public services, citizen participation or IT-support for home care within the public sector. However, after realisation of the projects, only a few of the applications are maintained. These projects could be regarded as concrete examples of the ongoing reconfiguration of a cluster in a regional innovation system (Miettinen, 2002, p.17, OECD, 1999), and not just as single, stand-alone projects in an expanding region, but also as vital parts in ongoing enactment and refiguration of an extensive national innovation system. The issue then becomes : what implications does this joint innovative growth-stimulation have for the question of completion of research in a growth-intense region, which is concentrating not solely on quick fixes but also on stabilizing innovation? What are the practical and ethical consequences of “making an exit” in the middle of an ongoing mustering of strength – for instance for the citizens, the researchers and the society? These issues are discussed in relation to empirical material gathered during involvement in the start-up of an e-government arena, within the framework of TANGO (Thematic arenas Nourish Growth Opportunities), a program partly funded through Innovative Actions within the European Regional Development Funding (ERDF). Findings, reflections and insights show tensions and ongoing negotiations concerning different perspectives expressed as process- as well as product-orientation in the development. The large amount of ICT-projects, are seen from another perspective, also contributing to the increasing growth in the region. One of the municipalities was appointed “National Leader in Growth municipality” in the year of 2001. The TANGO project itself may actually also be seen as a result of increased regional growth. But the question still remains: is it ever possible to stabilize innovation?
9.	Persson, Christian, 1960-, et al. (author) From printed matters to information distribution New strategies in the Graphic Arts industry 2004 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Since the start of digitalization and the introduction of electronic medias suitable for publishing, i.e., the Internet, the printing industry has been struggling to find business models that can survive under these new conditions. Their main strategy up until now has been to find the niches where traditional printing matter is still unthreatened. Another strategy has been to approach the interactive electronic medias and personalize the printed matter with the help of digital printing presses, e.g., print-on-demand and personalized printing. However, long-term survival will demand a broader perspective. Far-sighted printing companies are therefore developing strategies that radically redefine their business. This paper discusses the reasoning behind the new strategies and presents a case study of a printing company that is transforming its activities from traditional printing into multi-channel production and information distribution.
10.	Elovaara, Pirjo, et al. (author) Educational programs in e-government : An active, practice- and design-oriented network? 2004 In: 3rd International Conference on Electronic Government (EGOV 2004). - Zaragoza, SPAIN : SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN. ; , s. 457-459 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract In the autumn of 2004, two higher educational programs in e-government will be starting up at Blekinge Institute of Technology in Southern Sweden. One of these is a Master’s level program, while the other is a more basic, two-year vocational education. Each will be the first of its kind in Scandinavia, and both will be offered as net-based distance education. The interdisciplinary group of researchers/teachers now developing the courses for these educational programs, in co-operation with several other research groups in Scandinavia, see this co-construction of distance education as the beginning of an active Scandinavian network of competence around higher education and ongoing research and development in the e-government area. We are currently exploring the possibilities of using distance education in this area as a way of networking around on-going e-government research and competence enhancement in Scandinavia. The Scandinavian tradition of Participatory Design, as well as ideas about e-government as constantly ongoing co-construction, have inspired us in our work with developing the new educational programs. A reference group consisting of representatives from a number of municipalities and various government agencies plays an important role in this work.
11.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) Design for Change 2001 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract The report summarises the first year of the research project 'Design for Design in Use of Database Applications'. It focuses on end user tailoring and adaptable systems.
12.	Heath, Christian, et al. (author) Configuring awareness 2002 In: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. - Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0925-9724 .- 1573-7551. ; 11:3-4, s. 317-347 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The concept of awareness has become of increasing importance to both social and technical research in CSCW. The concept remains however relatively unexplored, and we still have little understanding of the ways in which people produce and sustain ‘awareness’ in and through social interaction with others. In this paper, we focus on a particular aspect of awareness, the ways in which participants design activities to have others unobtrusively notice and discover, actions and events, which might otherwise pass unnoticed. We consider for example how participants render visible selective aspects of their activities, how they encourage others to notice features of the local milieu, and how they encourage others to become sensitive to particular events. We draw examples from different workplaces, primarily centres of coordination; organisational environments which rest upon the participants’ abilities to delicately interweave a complex array of highly contingent, yet interdependent activities.
13.	Wallin, Erik, et al. (author) Web Metrics – Design Specifications of Web-based System for Personalization with "Bifurcation" 2000 In: 2000 Proceedings. - New York : TAGA office, Rochester. ; , s. 67-87 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper describes a personalization system aiming at one-to-one marketing with the ability to support real-time identification, selection, and content creation where the interaction is performed on a web-based e-commerce platform. The personalization system is capable of controlling and presenting the web site in different shapes to different consumers – controlled bifurcation. When combined with the tracking of the visitor’s site movements, detailed consumer behavior patterns can be established.One important means has been to create a system that can later on be used in consumer behavior research. The bifurcation capability means that the system can be used to test the impact of different layouts of the web site – or of different sales offerings – in the same way direct marketing methods work. This system will be able to present different layouts of the site or offerings to randomized groups of visitors. Their responses, in the form of movements within the site, purchase frequencies, etc., can then be measured by the system.
14.	Marchese, Maurizio, et al. (author) A participatory design approach for the development of support environments in eGovernment services to citizens 2002 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The introduction of eGovernment services and applications leads to major changes in the structure and operation of public administrations. In this paper we describe the work in progress in an Italian project called SPO.T. aimed at the analysis, development, deployment and evaluation of tools and environments to support the people who plan, deliver, use and evaluate user-centred provision of One-Stop-Shop services to citizens. The SPO.T. project has focused on two requirements: 1. the support tools and environments must facilitate the active involvement of all stakeholders in the definition and evolution of eGovernment applications and services, and it is argued that through participatory design changes of structure, process and culture can be delivered effectively; 2. they must embody a set of architecturally coherent resources which reflect the new roles and relationships of public administration and which are sufficiently generic to be relevant to a wide range of local contexts across the community.
15.	Fiedler, Markus, et al. (author) E-government as co-construction : Networks, accountability, and working relations of technology production and use 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The project within which this paper was co-authored focuses on the domain of e-government and is a deliberate attempt by the involved partners to cultivate and expand local and regional spaces for situated innovation, design and development of public services and ICT use in the public sector. Our starting point is e-government understood as co-construction. The project is currently being funded by the Innovative Actions within ERDF, the European Regional Development unding. The partners of the e-overnment arena are public service providers, ICT providers and researchers from a number of different disciplines. In this paper, we focus on communication networks and accountability. Are communication networks enablers or disablers for e-government services, and how can they be held accountable to their users? To what extent might we need to help each other unpack ‘black boxes’ and exchange them for ‘glass boxes’ in communicating with users and across disciplinary boundaries? Using metaphors and models from telecommunications, software engineering, informatics, business administration and human work science, and inspired by the Scandinavian tradition of Participatory Design, we attempt to establish a common basis to explore the evolving technologies and practices in e-government.
16.	Pettersson, Mårten, 1974-, et al. (author) Ambiguities, Awareness and Economy : A Study of Emergency Service Work 2002 In: CSCW '02. - New Orleans, USA : ACM Press. - 9781581135602 ; , s. 286-295 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper derives from a study undertaken at an emergency service centre in Sweden. The studies have focused on fea-tures of work familiar to the CSCW community, including the documenting and analysing current work practices, un-derstanding the properties of the technology in question, and perhaps most importantly how the technology func-tions in and through use. Our focus in this paper exempli-fies these themes through the analysis of two cases. In the first, the issue in question is the way in which an emer-gency is identified and dealt with, it being the case that a typical problem to be dealt with by operators, and more commonly in the days of mobile telephony, is that of mul-tiple reporting of a single case. Of particular interest here is listening-in, which is a function in the Computer Aided Dispatch (CAD) system and by contrast that of ?overhear-ing?, which is not. The second case focus on the relevance of wall maps, given the existence of computerized maps in these centres. Based on two cases from emergency service centres, we will show that the concept of awareness needs careful unpacking if we are to understand associated design issues.
17.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) Tailoring Co-operation 2003 Reports (peer-reviewed)abstract Tailoring is an area of research in CSCW that allows interlacing design and use in a radical new way. Tailoring is closely related to end-user programming (e.g. spreadsheet development)and a general term to encompass both endeavours is End-User Development. This workshop address tailorability in context of evolving existing systems and applications to the needs of cooperative work practices and organisations. It includes also the cooperative activates of tailoring itself; i.e. collaboration between end users to accomplish tailoring and indirect collaboration between developers and end users to simplify the understanding of tailorable systems. The goal of the workshop is to compare and relate existing research on tailoring and enduser development in the CSCW community, to explore the challenges and future potentials of these technologies, and to identify further directions for research on end-user development in cooperative settings. The workshop is organised in co-operation with the European network of excellence on End-User development. (http://giove.cnuce.cnr.it/eud-net.htm
18.	Eriksén, Sara (author) Full-Score-Lite. From video analysis and transcribed interactions to snapshot strips and chor(e)ographies of communication 2003 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract In this position paper for the MUM 2003 workshop in Norrköping, December 10th 2003, Designing for ubicomp in the wild: Methods for exploring the design of mobile and ubiquitous service, a brief description is given of methods used in connection with a series of ‘quick and dirty’ ethnographic studies of mobile ICT users. These studies were carried out as commissioned research during 2000. Because of predetermined constraints on the studies and resulting reports, alternative ways of describing and annotating interactions on the move were devised and tested. As a result, the initial single time line approach was abandoned and a number of messier, multi-branched chor(e)ographies of communication were developed. These were finally discarded at the time as failures. However, in connection with becoming more of a mobile ICT user myself, the issue of the social and situated construction of time, and the need for supporting several themes in parallel, along different time lines, has surfaced again, and now seems more relevant than ever.
19.	Johansson, Conny (author) Communicating, Measuring and Preserving Knowledge in Software Development 2000 Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Software Engineering is a rapidly changing area, especially in terms of its technological foundation. The computer and information technology changes both the kind of systems to be built and the methods and tools available with which to build them. To be able to stay competitive there is no doubt that managing knowledge is very important to the corporate learning process. But even when companies are superior to their competitors technologically, they often find it hard to handle knowledge within the company. Knowledge is to know, to be aware of something. Knowledge that have been gained by action, by exercise of a profession, is the most valuable knowledge. Explicit knowledge can be expressed by words and numbers, while tacit knowledge is not easily expressed and thus hard to formalize and write down. This licentiate’s dissertation presents the results from efforts in communicating, measuring and preserving knowledge. Approaches for communicating knowledge to individuals with no or little knowledge within the software development domain are presented. Furthermore, experiences regarding knowledge management at team level (small group) are presented. Our study show that knowledge is hard to measure, and thus difficult to preserve in text or number format. Instead, we propose that you should build social networks and rely more on oral communication.
20.	Anderberg, Peter, et al. (author) Funktionshinder och distansutbildning 2001 Reports (other academic/artistic)
21.	Svensson, Marcus Sanchez, et al. (author) Alarms : localization, orientation, and recognition 2003 In: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. - : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. - 1044-7318. ; 15:1, s. 51-66 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper documents a study at three dialysis departments on the use of different alarm systems. The design of the alarm systems is to some extent in line with the visions of augmented reality and ubiquitous computing. Our study has raised a range of questions which we think are relevant for the research on how to embed technology in users' environment. We will address how the properties of the specific alarm systems, concerted in the local physical environment of the dialysis department, affords the localisation, orientation and recognition of alarms. In this paper, localisation is about the ways in which the nurses exactly locate where the alarm comes from and orientation is how the nurses orientate themselves towards the alarm in a more imprecise way. Recognition is about how the nurses notice that there is an alarm in the first place and if there are multiple alarms.
22.	Heath, Christian, et al. (author) Technology and Medical Practice 2003 In: Sociology of Health and Illness. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0141-9889 .- 1467-9566. ; 25:3, s. 75-96 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract One of the most significant developments in healthcare over the past 25 years has been the widespread deployment of information and communication technologies. These technologies have had a wide-ranging impact on the organisation of healthcare, on professional practice and on patients’ experience of illness and its management. In this paper we discuss the ways in which Sociology of Health and Illness has provided a forum for the analysis of these new technologies in healthcare. We review a range of relevant research published in the Journal; papers that address such issues as dehumanisation and emotional labour, professional practice and identity, and the social and institutional shaping of technology. Despite these important initiatives, we suggest that information and communication technologies in healthcare remain relatively under-explored within the Journal and, more generally, by the sociology of health and illness and point to developments in cognate areas which may have some bearing upon the analysis of technology in action.
23.	Bai, Guohua (author) Activity System Theory Approach to Healthcare Information System 2004 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Healthcare information system is a very complex system and has to be approached from systematic perspectives. This paper presents an Activity System Theory (ATS) approach by integrating system thinking and social psychology. First part of the paper, the activity system theory is presented, especially a recursive model of human activity system is introduced. A project ‘Integrated Mobile Information System for Diabetic Healthcare (IMIS)’ is then used to demonstrate a practical application of the Activity System Theory especially in constructing healthcare information system. Our conclusion is that the activity system model can provide the service system designers with a comprehensive and integrated framework for designing healthcare information system in specific, and for designing various kinds of service systems in general.
24.	Koch, Sabine, et al. (author) Towards a virtual health record for mobile home care of elderly citizens 2004 In: MEDINFO 2004. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781586034443 - 9781607509493 ; , s. 960-963, s. 960-963 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract Mobile work situations within home care of the elderly require immediate and ubiquitous access to patient-oriented data. The ongoing Swedish research project “Technical support for Mobile CloseCare” focuses on the development and evalua-tion of work-scenario oriented ICT support for enhanced home care of elderly citizens. The aim of the project is to pro-vide a seamless and consistent information flow between dif-ferent health care providers and to give intuitive access to information services for the elderly and their relatives. For that purpose, different independent software components are connected through a mobile communication platform. Flexible access to prioritized information for different users in different work situations will be given through a virtual health record. In order to obtain both usable and clinically relevant systems, a user centered system development approach is followed. Evaluation of the project results will be based on usability tests and quasi-experimental studies on how system implemen-tation influences quality of care and job- and life satisfaction for care providers, patients and relatives.
25.	Wikström, Solveig, et al. (author) E-commerce after the dot com descent 2002 In: Challenges and Achievements in E-business and E-work. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1 58603 284 4 - 4 274 90541 1 ; , s. 69-76 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Following a period of immense expectations for electronic commerce and its future role in buying and selling, the e-commerce business idea almost collapsed during the year 2000 when an image of e-commerce as a failure started to become widely spread. However, there are companies that run a profitable and healthy e-commerce business with no dependence on venture capital. In this paper we present new empirical material from ongoing research of successful e-commerce companies. We compare the service qualities of these companies with the success criteria derived from our previous research on consumers’ evaluation of the e-channel, where we hypothesized that the e-channel should be seen as a complementary channel to the traditional channels. Therefore, the focus in this paper is on multi-channel retailers and their interaction with the consumers. The aim is to identify the qualities that seem to characterize profitable e-commerce activities.
26.	Bai, Guohua (author) A Sustainable Information System for e-home Services 2004 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract E-home related home-services (including homecare and home healthcare) in China is urgently needed. The population of aged people over 80 is increasing 5% every year in China, and to year 2050, one fourth of whole population or 0.4 billions people in China are aged staying at home. Meanwhile the government cannot afford with a national elderly care system like most western countries as Sweden. This is because China has had one-child/one-family policy since 1970’s, and this radical policy has made China step in aged society very quickly within only 20 years, while the same process took 40-80 years in western countries. Even worse, China becomes aged society when the country is still poor and under developing with GDP per capita less than 1000$, comparing to western countries with 5000 – 10000 $ when they became aged society. E-home provides China with a unique, and maybe the most effective solution to the problem. By applying effective IT&C at home, elder people are facilitated to manage their own daily life. If needed, they can always call help from their collective service centre that is located in their resident area and the collective service centre can provide with both homecare (cleaning, shopping, reparation, baby care etc.) and home healthcare (legitimate medical care). Elder people can be also monitored (if wished by all partners) both at home and out door by bearing sensors that can send singles directly to related care providers (including their children and relatives if wished). E-home will greatly increase the security of elder people, release great worry from both their children and elder people themselves, and can be afford by most people. However, e-home is more than just a technical problem, and it needs a systemic way and social-psychological study how to design e-home system. In the end, e-home system must provide with needed services to residents. I will introduce IMIS project ´Integrated Mobile Information System for Home Healthcare’ financed by Swedish Agency for Innovative Systems (VINNOVA). This project will continue to 2006, and one of the outputs will be a sustainable software platform which is based on a systemic study of social psychological factors involved in the home healthcare. I will provide with some Swedish experiences and the so called ‘Scandinavia Approach’ in conducting such complex system to my colleagues in China, and I hope the IMIS project will be also developed in China based up on some feasibility and desirability studies with some Chinese colleagues.
27.	Gislén, Ylva (author) Rum för handling. Kollaborativt berättande i digitala medier 2003 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Avhandlingen fokuserar på kollaborativt berättande i digitala medier, och tar avstamp i relativt detaljerade beskrivningar av de designprojekt som utgör avhandlingsarbetets ryggrad. Kännetecknande för dessa designprojekt är att de kombinerar fysiska och virtuella rum och/eller flera medieplattformar. Utifrån kritiska läsningar av designval och bruk av de koncept och prototyper som designprojekten utmynnat i presenteras argument för föreslagna "sätt att se" på design av berättande i digitala medier och centrala kvaliteter i miljöer för kollaborativt berättande. Grundläggande är att se berättande som en överenskommelse, som måste springa ur den berättarsituation, den fysiska och sociala verklighet, som utgör en oavvislig del av allt berättande. Denna överenskommelse upprättar ett "rum" för att undersöka och värdera möjlig mänsklig handling, ett rum vars estetiska egenskaper inte kan skiljas från de etiska och politiska frågeställningar som sätts i rörelse av allt berättande. Utifrån detta grundläggande synsätt diskuteras frågan om utformandet av handlingsutrymme i relation till interaktivitet i digitala medier, begrepp som roll, karaktär, samarbete och konflikt samt rytm, poesi och mångtydighet. Argumenten och resonemangen grundas, utöver i den kritiska läsningen av designprojekten, också i en bredare översikt av narrativitetsbegreppets utveckling inom human- och samhällsvetenskaperna de senaste två decennierna samt i en diskussion av teorier, synsätt och vanliga grundantaganden kring berättande i digitala media. Utrymme i avhandlingen ges också åt en kunskapsteoretisk diskussion kring frågan om design som forskning, främst ur ett perspektiv grundat i STS-fältet men också i relation till förda resonemang ifråga om praxisbaserad forskning i allmänhet och designforskning och designteori i synnerhet.
28.	Rakus-Andersson, Elisabeth (author) The Polish Brains Behind the Breaking of the Enigma Code Before and During the Second World War 2003 In: Alan Turing. - Berlin-Heidelberg-New York : Springer-verlag. - 3540200207 ; , s. 419-440 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract The German Enigma encoding machine and the contributions of famous cryptologists who broke it, are still topics, which fascinate both scientists and general public. After the monarchy of Kaiser Wilhelm II fell, the Weimar republic came into being, and the idea of equipping the armed forces with machine ciphers already found realization in 1926. The German cipher machine, called Enigma, alarmed the general staffs of neighbouring countries, especially Poland and France. This work intends to describe the efforts of three Polish cryptanalysts who solved the mystery of Enigma during the 30-ties before the beginning of the war. At the end of the paper the cooperation between the Polish cryptologists and Alan Turing – the outstanding English cryptanalyst – is revealed.
29.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) Situated Innovation. Exploring co-operation in innovation and design between researchers and users and providers of ICT 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Co-operation between research and industry and society, and the notion of innovation systems, are high on the agenda of national as well as international research politics. However, how to make co-operation between researchers and practitioners work, and what kind of research results could come out of such co-operation, is hardly discussed. The article uses evidence from three projects in the areas e-government and telecommunication to reflect on such co-operation. Scientific understanding and practices of design, development and use of ICT challenge and inform each other in these co-operative projects, which we have started to refer to as ‘situated innovation’. The article discusses the role of the researcher in such contexts, the character of the research results, and means to co-ordinate different rhythms and rationales in order to make research and practices of ICT development and use mutually enhancing.
30.	Persson, Christian, 1960- (author) Strategies for enhancing consumer interaction in electronic retailing 2001 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)
31.	Davis, Michael, et al. (author) BETEXT : Cross Institutional Cooperation in the Digitalization of Cultural Heritage Documents in XML 2002 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The following describes a digitalization and on-line publication project, led by members of Blekinge Institute of Technology, located in the south of Sweden. The project aimed to create the foundation for a regional network of small cultural institutions that would develop, support and utilize on-line full text archives in the service of tourism, marketing and education. Its pilot project, The Chapman Archive, involved the digitalization, encoding with the TEI DTD in XML and web-publication of two rare 18th century texts of both regional and international importance.
32.	Dittrich, Yvonne, et al. (author) PD in the Wild : Evolving Practices of Design in Use 2002 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The when and where of participatory design has traditionally been set, primarily, by the software design project. However, modern IT networks with a variety of applications from different software providers, new web-design tools, and the integration of customization processes with on-going version management, are just a few of the developments that are moving participation around IT design issues beyond the traditional software project. Using examples from a research project focusing on existing work practices and IT in use in public service administration, we explore various understandings of design, which challenge some of the assumptions underlying the basic framework of participatory design. If design is seen as continually on-going, and intricately interwoven with use, this raises several important issues for participatory design. It highlights design for change. It points towards the need for reconsidering software design processes. It brings into focus issues of coordination between use, design in use and adaptation and development. Crucially, it raises issues about shop floor IT management, that is, organizational and technical support for local adapting, and continual design and development in use, of IT, and the need for models and methods for sustainable, distributed co-constructive design processes.
33.	Eriksén, Sara, et al. (author) Combining Research and Teaching in a Net-Based Learning Environment. Experiences from a net-based summer course on everyday IT : use and design 2002 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Problem-based learning is emphasized in teaching as well as in research at the Blekinge Institute of Technology, where we come from. Students work in projects, often in collaboration with businesses and other organizations in the region. Cross-disciplinary course modules and co-operative projects are offered, involving students and staff from different subject areas. As far as possible, student projects are linked to on-going research projects, and research, too, is carried out in close cooperation with the surrounding society, the public sector and enterprises/industries in the region. Consequently, when we decided to offer a net-based summer course in 2002, an important aspect was how we could continue to link our on-going interdisciplinary research cooperation to the course in a constructive way, such that the students could be involved in problem-based learning of relevance to both their own situations and our research work. In this paper, we describe and reflect on some of the experiences from our first net-based summer course, in which we used three main themes and a combination of individual and group tasks to support reflection and dialogue around the literature and the students? own contributions to the course. The course was net-based, but also included F-2-F; three consecutive days of ?live? lectures and seminars at the university campus in Ronneby.
34.	Eriksén, Sara (author) Design of IT in Use; supportive technologies for public services 2000 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract In the DitA project, we are studying and actively working with the development of integrated services and IT design within the public sector. This is a research and development project that is being run in cooperation between Blekinge Institute of Technology, five municipalities, two consultancy firms and a Call Center. During nearly three years (April 2000 - December 2002), the DitA project is being financed by Vinnova, the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems. The DitA project focuses on the continual design and development of supportive technologies for public services. We are especially interested in how these processes can be integrated in practice with the redesign and development of the contents and organisation of integrated public services on-line. There has been a rapid and widespread development of local Internet/intranet solutions for public services during the past few years. At the same time as the public sector is "going on-line", and interdependently with this, public service administration is having to come to terms with an on-going internal metamorphosis. New ways of managing and sharing information, and of constructing and organising public services within and between different service providers in the public sector, are being tested and explored. In the DitA project, we are studying how IT can be used to support local participation in the continual design and development of public services. The challenge is, as we see it, to explore how IT can contribute to creating an informated (that is, competent, well-informed and informative) rather than an automated public sector. During the initial phase of the project, we have mainly studied the daily use of computer support for service delivery at a number of different workplaces within municipal public service administration. We have also been studying at close hand the largely cooperative processes of design during the local development and tailoring of a document management part of a municipal intranet system. Now, during the second phase of the DitA project, we are focusing more on citizens' active participation in the design process than we have done previously.
35.	Eriksén, Sara, et al. (author) Exploring issues of accountability in design of ICT for public services 2002 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract In the inter-disciplinary research and development project Design of IT in Use; supportive technologies for citizens? services (DitA), we are studying the use, design and continual support and development of computer support for public administration and information services offered by one-stop shops. Our main focus is on the ongoing integration of such systems with public electronic information systems, and on new developments and design to meet the increasing complexity and diversity of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies). One of the aims of our research is to participate in developing new forms for citizens' access to public services via Internet. The DitA-project is funded by the Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems, VINNOVA, During our ethnographic field studies of work practices in public service one-stop shops, we have observed how closely interwoven people?s on-going choices of action and use of technology are with issues of accountability. This, in turn, has lead us to question whether the importance of considering and supporting accountability issues and needs is perhaps underestimated in the design and development of ICT. Even when designers deliberately focus on use- and action-oriented concepts such as usability and actability, it doesn?t necessarily follow that accountability surfaces as an explicit issue for design. When it does, it is often narrowed down to questions of human-computer interface design, and focused on system accountability versus the user (form and content of feedback information, etc). However, accountability issues, when explored in specific use contexts, are closely linked to social and organizational issues on a number of different levels. Accountability itself, when focused through the prism of people in action, becomes multifarious and ambiguous, begging further exploration of context and involved relationships. In the DitA project, we have deliberately attempted to focus on the concept of accountability in action and how it can be supported and mediated by the design of ICT infrastructures.
36.	Eriksén, Sara (author) Mobila tjänster : ett annat sätt att se. Organisationer som pågående aktiviteter och underhåll av relationer 2002 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract As technology is developed and evolves over time in use, research areas focusing on technology, and technology in use, must develop their metaphors, models and figures of thought. Ethnomethodology, the study of how people organize their everyday lives, is a sociological approach that has come to play an important role in research on human-computer interaction (HCI) and computer supported cooperative work (CSCW)in recent years. In this presentation, some examples are given of how detailed studies of people's actions and interactions can be used to problematize current models and figures of thought concerning organizations and the organization of work. What would happen if we focus on relationships and activities, instead of formal representations of hierarchical decision structures? If we see organizations as constantly on-going activities and cultivating of relationships? How might effective computer support be designed for such an organization? The concept of 'accountability', which is central in ethnomethodology, ís used here to discuss new figures of thought and metaphorical models as a basis for developing mobile services.
37.	Eriksén, Sara, et al. (author) What have we learned from the TANGO arena for regional cooperation in Southern Sweden? 2004 In: Electronic Government. - Zaragoza : Springer Verlag. - 9783540229162 ; , s. 156-163 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The TANGO e-government arena is a project in Southern Sweden, funded by the Innovative Actions of the European Regional Development Fund. The project is now nearing its end, and we are thus at the stage of reflectively reviewing what has actually been accomplished and how this relates to the original goals of the project. In July 2002, when the project began, the aim was to establish cooperation between the public sector, private enterprise and university-based research in designing public e-services. In cooperating around development of new, integrated services, catering to various categories of users as well as to a growing diversity of mobile technologies, we have aimed towards es-tablishing feedback channels between practice and theory, between use and design, and between different academic disciplines where we see a need to synchronize the models and methods we work with. Our research questions have focused on exploring and managing multi-perspectivity as a resource for design. In this paper we look at how we organized our cooperation around these goals, and attempt to address those basic summing-up-the-project questions; How well have we succeeded? What have we learned in the process?
38.	Svensson, Marcus Sanchez, et al. (author) Localisation, recognition and orientation of alarms 2000 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper documents a study at three dialysis departments on the use of different alarm systems. The design of the alarm systems are to some extent in line with the visions of augmented reality and ubiquitous computing. Our study have raised a range of questions which we think are relevant for the research on how to embed technology in users' environment. We will discuss how the properties of the environment affords the localisation, orientation and recognition of alarms. Localisation is about how the alarm system notifies exactly where the alarm is coming from, where orientation is how the system guides the user towards the alarm in a more imprecise way. The issue of recognition is how the alarm system notifies the users that there is an alarm in the first place and if there are multiple alarms.
39.	Winter, Jeff (author) Law, knowledge and mobility in local planning 2004 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract Interpretation of the law is important in the administrative decision-making process in local municipal planning, which is a co-operative process. Local mobility also plays an important role. A study of work practice highlights the need to take this into account when designing support for decision-making processes.
40.	Elovaara, Pirjo (author) Heterogeneous hybrids : Information Technology in Texts and Practices 2001 Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract How could one understand and interpret the phenomenon of information technology, is the overall research question of this licentiate dissertation. The point of departure is the way some official texts in Sweden define the concept of information technology. It is possible to identify two dominating discourses; the technical and the social. In the first paper, empirical material from the Women Writing on the Net-project is mirrored against these dominating discourses. In the second paper, the focus is on how the dominating discourses are translated into librarians´ work practices and how librarians shape and transform information technology. How could one understand librarians´ ways of talking about information technology where the two separate discourses of information technology identified in the official texts do not seem to be identified as pure and separable phenomena? Feminist theories, feminist technoscientific studies and ´actor-network theory´ offer epistemological and analytical frames and screens necessary to understand information technology as a hybrid involving numerous heterogeneous elements. Introduction to the Papers Paper One, Discourses and Cracks - A Case Study of Information Technology and Writing Women in a Regional Context, is the first paper where empirical material from a local IT project is used and discussed and where it is mirrored against the dominating discourses of information technology. The first part of this paper discusses information technology as a political and practical discourse which is in part shaped by the repetition of an exalted rhetoric. This repetitive discursive model can be distinguished in global, regional and local contexts and reflects an optimistic belief in technology as an independent power that automatically furthers democratic development. Is it really this simple? The analysis includes a discussion of the concept of ´universal citizenship´ in a context of women's experiences in Sweden. The second part of the paper presents empirical material and experiences from the Women Writing on the Net-project (this is included in the framework of the DIALOGUE project, which was partly funded by ISPO/EU). The aim was to create a virtual space for women on the Internet and to explore the writing process in terms of aim, tool and method. The method of approach incorporated reflections and discussions about empowerment, democracy and representation of women. This created a more complex understanding of the values of the predominant IT discourses, and revealed the "cracks" in, and possibilities of feminist redefinitions of these values. In Paper Two, Translating and Negotiating Information Technology: Discourses and Practices, I continue exploration of my overall research question "What is information technology?" I study the dominating discourses of information technology; these I call "the technical suit" and the "social suit." In my empirical field studies among librarians in southeast Sweden I explore how the two faces of information technology - the technical and the social - are translated into librarians´ work practices. I study a project which was defined by the librarians themselves as an information technology project. I investigate how this project complies with the social/societal definitions of information technology, and how it complies with the technical definitions of information technology. In my second empirical study, I use two case studies with librarians involved in constructing web sites on the Internet. The Internet and the web are often seen in part as an open and undefined landscape in which new actors can move freely and build new partnerships, and partly as a shadow landscape of existing structures and relationships which can close up new openings. In the concluding discussion, I state that information technology seems to be both an amoeba and a chameleon. One minute it is a very pure and complicated technical story told by technicians. The next minute, it changes and turns into a financial story told by business people. It subsequently turns out to be an educational story told by teachers. It is also, however, a household story told by computer people. I suggest that information technology is impure. It is a hybrid. Inspired by Donna Haraways´s technoscientific metaphor of cyborg I claim that information technology is a cyborg in itself. In the third paper, From Networks to Fluids and Fires - A Prelude to Actor-Network Theory, I discuss a method of analysis I have tried to apply to my empirical material. I explore the notions of Actor-Network Theory (ANT), and Actor-Network Theory and After (ANTA). My point of departure is the way some official texts in Sweden define the concept of information technology by stressing the technical aspects of IT; at the same time they present information technology as a motor and a driving force for many sectors of society. In my research, I have discussed with librarians how they shape and transform information technology in their own work practices. The problems of analysing this empirical material started when the librarians started to talk about people, machines and money all in one breath. How could one understand their way of talking about information technology where the two separate lines of information technology identified in the official texts did not seem to be identified as pure and separable phenomena? How was it possible to understand the concept of information technology as it was used by the librarians, who seemed to involve all kinds of different heterogeneous elements which at first sight were very far away from information technology? It was when asking these questions that I discovered ANT and ANTA. In this paper, I present some basic ideas about these two research approaches by reading and analysing articles published between 1980 and the year 2000. In addition to the ANT and ANTA perspectives, I also introduce my own research questions: story telling and epistemological problematisations closely connected with feminist theories are, for example, closely intertwined in this paper.
41.	Eriksén, Sara (author) Is TANGO a feminist project? (Or just a multitude of rhythms and a bunch of sore feet?) 2003 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract The TANGO e-government arena is an on-going project in Southern Sweden, funded by the Innovative Actions of the European Regional Development Fund. The aim of the project is to establish cooperation between the public sector, private enterprise and university-based research in designing public e-services. Our starting point is e-government understood as co-construction of technology, society and citizenship in everyday life. This approach is based on the Scandinavian Tradition of Participatory Design, but also motivated by ongoing technological development. In cooperating around development of new, integrated services, catering to various categories of users as well as to a growing diversity of mobile technologies, we are aiming to establish feedback channels between practice and theory, between use and design, and between different academic disciplines where we see a need to synchronize the models and methods we work with. Our current research questions focus on exploring and managing multi-perspectivity as a resource for design. Some of us involved in the research and development projects within the TANGO arena are women. Some of us are feminists (some more so than others). We are trying to cross boundaries, synchronize different rhythms, pull in the same direction, although from different positions. Does this make TANGO a feminist project? And if so, what (ouch!) can be learned from it?
42.	Lennstrand, Bo, et al. (author) Net Society. Content Creation in Broadband Systems 2000 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The development of a broadband application which integrates TV, Internet, picture telephones etc has been going on for several years within Telia, Sweden's leading telecom operator. The prototype solutions have been developed from a vision of how the distant communication of the future could function. Results of a qualitative study of how the prototype is perceived by consumers and service providers are presented. Compared to the Internet, the NNS prototype was perceived as being simpler, less confusing, faster to navigate and suited for all kinds of people. This paper has two aims: to provide an inspiration for new applications in a broadband environment, and to indicate problems connected with presenting content in a broadband environment.
43.	Persson, Christian, 1960- (author) Concurrent Enterprising by means of a Broadband Portal 2002 In: 8th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising. - Nottingham : University of Nottingham. - 0 85358 113 4 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The analysis in this paper is based on a hypermedia interface strategy. A broadband portal issued from the concept of the local metaphor (Fidler 1997) has been developed as a prototype. The prototype has been used as a demonstrator and is evaluated in focus group interviews with users and service providers. The prototype represents an example of a true Concurrent Enterprising system since the broadband portal gives independent customers and service providers the opportunity to cooperate and interact by help of a common technological platform.
44.	Persson, Christian, 1960- (author) Customisation of Information in The Manufacturing Industry 2004 In: eAdoption and the Knowledge Economy: Issues, Applications, Case Studies. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1 58603 470 7 ; , s. 1148-1155 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The production and distribution of information in connection with products and services is one of the most important functions in today’s business world. The ability to produce and deliver information to the right place on time is often crucial for the company’s reputation and sales. This paper address questions about how companies can establish a dynamic information system with the help of digital media technology and customisation of information. Customisation of information is a process where information is adapted and distributed on different media platforms. A case study of a manufacturing company with global information activity is presented. The case describes a renewal of the company's information strategy in relation to its customer’s preferences. The case demonstrates how multi-channel publishing, including electronic on-line medias, combined with digital printing can offer efficient tools to reach out to the customers with customized information.
45.	Wikström, Solveig, et al. (author) eSolutions - Design Principles for Ease-of-Use 2001 In: E-work and E-commerce. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1 58603 205 4 - 4 274 90469 5 ; , s. 375-381 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The rapid expansion of the infrastructure for broadband communication will soon pave the way for a large supply of content services in broadband systems. This contentcan be distributed with the help of simple and widely spread hardware, e.g. televisions with set-top-boxes. This way the new applications will reach a larger part of the population, even those without computer and Internet experience. This will increase demand for applications and interfaces that are very easy to grasp and use. The focus of this paper is the ease-of-use in ICT applications. It is an elaboration of results from an investigation of design principles in a broadband portal prototype based on the local metaphor. The prototype has been used as a demonstrator in focus groups using respondents with various computer experiences. In this paper, results from interviews with respondents that lack interest and experience in computing are reported. From the results conclusions can be drawn on how to design an interface that is easy to use for all kinds of people. The findings are summarised in a model, demonstrating the implications of the local metaphor on usability and trust.
46.	Wikström, Solveig, et al. (author) In search for viable e-solutions 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract There is quite extensive research available on how consumers experience the e-channel. However, there are still aspects that are difficult to interpret and fully understand. In this paper, we will explore this issue by taking our previous research results on the benefits and shortcomings consumers experience from the e-channel, and compare it with ongoing results on the service qualities of successful e-companies. By integrating these findings, we can identify qualities that characterize e-solutions useful for the consumers and profitable for the firms. We conclude with the solution to combine the physical elements of the real world with the virtual elements of the e-world.
47.	Jää-Aro, Kai-Mikael, et al. (author) New Ideas on Navigation and View Control Inspired by Cultural Applications 2004 In: Inhabited Information Spaces. - London : Springer London. - 9781852337285 - 9781852338626 ; , s. 151-180 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
48.	Persson, Christian, 1960- (author) Personalized Printing used as a One-to-One Enabler 2003 In: Building the Knowledge Economy. - 1 58603 3794 ; , s. 329-336 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The penetration of digital printers in the graphic arts industry today is rather high. However, only a small percentage of the equipment’s capacity is used for personalized printing. It is instead used for the ordinary production of smaller editions. This means that the primary intention of the technology as a tool to produce personalized material has not been realized. One reason for this is the basic lack of understanding towards the business models that can guide personalized printing and how these models can generate value to the actors on the market. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the basic knowledge of personalized printing as an enabler for a one-to-one information strategy. The question of how personalized printed matter combined with electronically distributed information can be a tool in an information and communication strategy for an industrial manufacturer is also discussed.
49.	Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al. (author) Accessibility revisited : identifying research gaps 2003 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
50.	Grönlund, Åke, 1954- (author) Elektroniska omröstningar 2001 In: Rösträtten 80 år. - Stockholm : Justitiedepartementet. - 9163119633 ; , s. 233-254 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)

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