| 1. |
- Sörnsen, Lars, 1973-
(författare)
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De olika världarna av aktivering - ett komparativt perspektiv
- 2009. - 1
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Ingår i: Aktivering - arbetsmarknadspolitik och socialt arbete i förändring. - Malmö : Liber. - 9789147090754 ; , s. 225-249
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The book chapter compares activation policies in Sweden, Germany and the UK as three different welfare regimes. The analysis starts out from a broad perspective on activation as passive and active attempts to redesign unemployment policies with a focus on increasing the linkage between work and welfare. It is argued that activation policies differ considerably between countries, but also in regard to different groups of the unemployed according to their status within existing benefit systems. Regime differences are generally maintained, but there are signs of convergence with regard to the weakest labour market groups and welfare clients.
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| 2. |
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Välfärdspolitik i praktiken : om perspektiv och metoder i forskning
- 2007
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Förändringar av människors villkor i samhället kräver nya sätt att forska. I den här antologin presenteras olika redskap för kvalitativ forskning om välfärd. I antologin utgår forskarna från redan välkända traditioner inom samhällsvetenskaplig forskning, men argumenterar inte bara för etablerade forskningsmetoder och teoretiska perspektiv inom välfärdsforskningen utan också för nya. Antologin har arbetats fram inom ramen för Nordiska Sommaruniversitetet och därmed influerats av olika forskningstraditioner som förekommer vid universitet och högskolor i Norden. Nya forskningsmetoder där människornas egna utsagor och upplevelser tillvaratas kan tolkas utifrån redan etablerade teoretiska perspektiv som fenomenologi, hermeneutik och interaktionism. De forskningsansatser som presenteras möjliggör att människor även själva är med och formulerar bilden av sina livsvillkor. I antologin visas hur forskning med dessa ansatser kan ske tillsammans med människor i olika åldrar och livssituationer. I antologin visas också att komparativa ansatser kan öppna för nya insikter om olika dimensioner i välfärdsystemet som en kulturell praktik.
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| 3. |
- Wolmesjö, Maria
(författare)
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Ledningsfunktion i omvandling : Om förändringar av yrkesrollen för första linjens chefer inom den kommunala äldre- och handikappomsorgen
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the 1990s many of the local authorities have been forced to reduce expenditure on the care of the elderly and people with disabilities, and many organisational changes have been carried out. New problems and their solutions are often related to leadership and management. This dissertation deals with three trends in the development of the organisation: The first trend is a market orientation, one example of which is the attempt to increase effectiveness and efficiency by utilising a purchaser/provider model in the organisation. Here the needs assessment model is studied. The second trend is the response to the pressed situation due to heavy workloads that staff members and their managers express, exemplified by self-managing work teams and a year-based working hour system. Here called flexible work organisations. The third trend focused in this dissertation is the decentralisation of social services. It is connected to increased demands on involvement in, and participation from those who use the services, i.e. the elderly and people with disabilities. The aim of this dissertation is to shed light on how politicians and managers view, experience and describe management and leadership in three types of local authority organisations. The focus is on the demands on managers and how the working conditions for managers are described in the different organisations. The material includes three different empirical methods. The first is a questionnaire to politicians and local authority officials, mainly managers at different levels in the care of the elderly and persons with disabilities. The second method consists of qualitative interviews with politicians and managers. The third method involved a document study of local authority documents, e.g. official guidelines, plans and evaluations. The method of analysis, a ?qualified content analysis? is inspired by discourse analysis and focuses on a comparison between the different local authorities, between politicians and managers and between women and men. This dissertation shows that the organisational changes brought about unexpected consequenses for management and that the demands differ between politicians and managers and between different organisations. Politicians and higher-level management expect the managers to manage the organisation, and employees expect them to lead. The solution seems to be a high level of competence, but which competence is needed? There are two different ideals for leadership. One is associated with focus on effectiveness and efficiency and the other associated with focus on communication. The dissertation highlights the conditions of a management, which is currently being pushed further down in the organisation. The dilemma of leadership ? being a manager or a leader will not disappear. Somewhere in the organisation the perspective of effectiveness and efficiency and the perspective of communication have to meet. It might be seen as a dilemma that will not go away ? only be placed in different levels in the organisation.
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| 4. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Vårdkedja för ungdomar eller professionella? En processutvärdering av projektet ”Motverka våld och gäng” : [ A “Treatment Chain” for Young People or the Professionals? A Process Evaluation of the “Counteract Violence and Gangs” – Project in Sweden ]
- 2009
-
Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report concerns a large evaluation of a project concerning Swedish juvenile care. We analyse how professionals, youngsters and parents perceived and interpreted the three-year project which involved different authorities whose representatives should form a care-giving chain. The project also employed a number of coordinators. Beyond accounting for the results from just over one houndred interviews and an intense field work our ambition was also to place our findings in a greater social and cultural context. The origin of our analysis is based upon the empirical material, not from a before hand constructed perspective; the example of the coordinators’ focus on administrative issues was therefore discovered through interviews and observations and not something that we were looking for or even expecting to find. At the same time no analysis can arise solely from an empirical material. When we, for example, use terms like ‘dispute props’, when talking about the involved actors discussions on different documents, it origins from reading the work of the classic sociologist Georg Simmel and modern social psychologist Ervin Goffman, both using dramaturgy as a metaphor for social interaction. The lasting impression from this project is the administrative position of the involved officials. They were strongly committed to meetings and documents, they reviewed and assessed each other using a bureaucratic language rather than discussing the individual youth with commitment. In fact the youths rather fell into a discursive shaddow when reading the interviews and field observations. In projects like this one, where officials should cooperate, the danger is that the meeting with its attached bureaucracy becomes the goal instead of the means. A more pragmatic stance regarding the meeting would rather see them being means through which distinct decisions and results carried the youth forth in a direction which the group, the parents and the youth had agreed on (the latter categories should, according to directives, be integrated). The meetings we attended rather displayed a startling inertia, issues that could have been resolved between meetings were not. The shortcomings in the measures were not followed up with attribution of responsibility.
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| 5. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, 1948-
(författare)
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I välfärdens skugga : socialt arbete med barn i Sverige och England
- 2001
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med studien har varit att beskriva skillnader och likheter i socialtjänstens och Personal social services arbete med barn i Sverige och England. Vid insamlandet av det empiriska materialet har två lokala områden - Örebro och Leicestershire framförallt fokuserats. I Örebro har även jämförelser över tid gjorts mellan 1992 och 1998/1999. Studiens design har varit att socialarbetare i Sverige och England, fått ta bedöma samma fiktiva fallbeskrivning - en vinjett. Socialarbetarna har även kvalitativt intervjuats och besvarat ett frågeformulär. I studien har även en enkät om tillgången på barnomsorg besvarats av 38 mellansvenska kommuner. Jämförelser har gjorts med det engelska countiet dvs. två befolkningsmässigt lika stora områden. Resultat från studien visar att den offentliga barnomsorgen i det engelska countiet är begränsad. En ministödsmodell där familjestödet och den offentliga barnomsorgen ges i begränsad omfattning tycks gälla. England är en 'femalecarer' stat. Familjestödet och den offentliga barnomsorgen är däremot i Sverige mer omfattande och kan sägas utgå från en behovsmodell. Sverige kan beskrivas som en 'dualcarer' stat där den andra vårdande parten förutom kvinnorna är staten. I en vinjettstudie där socialarbetare i de båda länderna bedömt ett utsatt barns situation reagerar svenska och engelska socialarbetare olika. De svenska socialarbetarna vill engagera sig i en mindre problemfylld situation än de engelska. I en sannolik misshandelssituation vill socialarbetarna i den svenska kommunen oftare än de engelska socialarbetarna omhänderta barnet. Vad som är 'det bästa' för barnet bedöms olika. Ett skyddande barnperspektiv tycks ha förstärkts i den svenska kommunen under 1990-talet. De svenska socialarbetarna ville 1998/1999 oftare än 1992 omhänderta och placera barnet någon annanstans än i familjen. Trots de skilda attityder svenska och engelska socialarbetare visar i vinjettstudien omhändertas förhållandevis ungefär lika många barn i verkligheten i Sverige och England. Den svenska socialtjänsten tycks vara mer accepterad och paternalistisk än den engelska, som är mer ifrågasatt och där familjeautonomin prioriteras samtidigt som staten även i England skyddar och ger stöd till barn i utsatta situationer. Synen på fysisk bestraffning av barn är olika. Även barnens levnadsvillkor skiljer sig åt bl.a. genom att betydligt fler engelska än svenska barn växer upp i fattigdom. Socialarbetarna i båda länderna bedömde sin professionella status på mellan eller låg nivå. De svenska socialarbetarna upplevde dock att de befann sig i medvind medan de engelska socialarbetarna befann sig i motvind.
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| 6. |
- Neander, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gap - the co-creation of a therapeutic process : reflections by parents and professionals on their shared experiences of early childhood interventions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Qualitative Social Work. - London : Sage. - 1473-3250 .- 1741-3117. ; 7:3, s. 289-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore parents' and therapists' experiences of treatment processes in early childhood interventions. The parents and their therapists reflected on their experiences in joint interviews. The interpretation led to the crystallization of five central themes. The starting point was marked by 'parents' fear versus professional(s') confidence'. This formed the background against which both parties aimed at 'making sense of the situation'. The subsequent therapeutic process was characterized by the parents' and the professionals' 'striving for reciprocal responsiveness' and it led to the 'alteration of inner images'. Finally the two parties made a 'retrospective reflection on the nature of the relation'. Together these themes constitute the co-creation of a therapeutic process by bridging a gap that is created by fear, by power differentials and by differences in familiarity with the context. The parents shoulder responsibility for creating a cooperative relationship, and this is facilitated if they meet a 'normal, friendly and knowledgeable therapist who is capable of admitting that he/she may be wrong'.
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| 7. |
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Barns röster om våld : att tolka och förstå
- 2008. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här boken har två syften. Det första är att utifrån aktuell forskning inom området ge en inblick i kvalitativa, tolkande perspektiv på barn som upplever våld i sin familj. Här är barnens egna röster om sina upplevelser och situation utgångspunkten. Det andra syftet är att ge en grundläggande kunskap om den "nya" barndomssociologin som teori och metod - både i praktiskt arbete med den här gruppen barn samt deras familjer och i forskning.
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| 8. |
- Lindberg, Odd, 1948-
(författare)
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Skammen är det värsta
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pedagogiska Magasinet. - 1401-3320. ; :3, s. 14-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Näsman, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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Perspektiv på barns röster om våld
- 2008
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Ingår i: Barns röster om våld. - Malmö : Gleerups. - 9789140663528 ; , s. 7-21
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Elvhage, Gudrun
(författare)
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Projekt som retorik och praktik : Om utvecklingsarbete på särskilda ungdomshem
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis deals with development work within institutional care for young people. The Swedish National Board of Institutional Care (SiS) grants tens of millions of Swedish crowns to development projects to their institutions. Since the mid-1990s major investments have been made in order to develop the institutions? competence in family-work and networking. The aim of this thesis is to study the government's intentions in backing the development work of specially approved youth care. The thesis consists of two empirical studies, partly a document study that gives a historical perspective over the growth of development work in Sweden with an emphasis on institutional care, and partly a case study of how development work has been carried out within five governmental youth institutions. The document study shows that development work within the social field started to gain importance in the mid-1940s. At this time governmental institutions with responsibility for experimental work and research were established. During the 1970s development work started to become more commonplace within youth care and a number of major development projects were initiated. Development work that builds upon central initiatives is still the prevalent form of development work within youth care. The case study of the five youth homes demonstrates the difficulty of anchoring development projects in the personnel. This difficulty has led to many of the projects failing to reach their objectives. As a part of the development work the youth homes have received contributions for educational efforts. Even if these efforts have contributed to knowledge and methodological development the personnel in some cases have had difficulties in assimilating the training. At some of the youth homes several of the projects have not worked according to plan, which has led to the personnel becoming sceptical and mistrustful of the possibilities of the projects. From an organisational theory perspective, development funding is an informative means of control and functions as an administrative way of governing youth care. For the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care there exist reasons of both legitimacy and function in initiating development projects. For the youth homes it is mainly a question of function, namely obtaining more resources for the operation.
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| 12. |
- Svensson, Kerstin
(författare)
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I stället för fängelse? : En studie av vårdande makt, straff och socialt arbete i frivård
- 2001
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between support and control. The purpose is reached by a study of the probation service as an organization and the practical side of its work The thesis is based on two empirical studies. One is a study of records and published texts from the period 1820-2000. The second is an interview study, in which twenty probation-service clients, twenty probation officers and ten layman supervisors have contributed their stories of the probation service. Assisted by Charles Tilly's (2000) explanations of categorical inequality, Michel Foucault's (1980; 1987) explanations of disciplinary power, and Erving Goffman's (1998) dramaturgic perspective, it has been possible to explain the patterns and the variations that are presented. During the first, disciplinary, period from the early 19th to the early 20th century, philantropic organizations tried to find work for offenders who wanted to lead a steady life. During the second period, from the turn of the century to the 1940s, the demands on the offenders had been specified and special officials were employed. The third period, from the 1940s to the end of the 1980s, was characterized by an idea of psychosocial work with individuals in a manner concurring with the work performed by the municipal social services. The fourth period, from the 1990s, is characterized by a "management" idea, in which the increasingly professionalized officials of the probation service administer the clients' problems rather than help solving them. The probation service is still presented in terms of "alternative", but the meaning of the words has changed. From their previous meaning of "something other than", they now mean "another form of". Complementing the prison, the social services and other human service organizations, the probation service has a strengthening effect Probation officers and clients vary in their attitude towards their common task.When the parties' attitudes towards each other are similar, their positions are congruous, and when their attitudes differ, their positions are discrepant. Congruous positions accumulate stories of the probation service's supportive aspects. When the positions are discrepant, the parties describe the action by the controlling aspects. The probation service changes its shape in every relation and will be interpreted differently depending on who is describing and who is interpreting. In this way, the disciplinary power will function and avoid the pronounced resistance. By that, it is also possible to individualize the support so as to help each person in the way most appropriate to him.
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| 13. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Etnicitet i ungdomsvården – förslag till fortsatt värdegrundsarbete
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta utkast utgör en redovisning av ett uppdrag som jag fick av Forsknings- och utvecklingsenheten vid Statens institutionsstyrelse (SiS). Uppdraget bestod i att, under en tvåmånadersperiod (april och maj 2009), granska och urskilja etnicitetsmarkörer i det empiriska material som samlats in under intervjuer och möten med aktörerna i ett samarbetsprojekt i ungdomsvården (MVG-projektet). Tanken var att studien skulle ge några förslag på strategier i det fortsatta värdegrundsarbetet inom SiS. I detta utkast analyseras muntliga etnicitetsgestaltningar hos olika aktörer i ungdomsvården. Undersökningen uppmärksammar etniciteten när den uttrycks verbalt och icke-verbalt, hur den uttrycks samt i vilka situationer kategoriseringar synliggörs implicit eller explicit. Studiens syfte är: att analysera när och hur etnicitet aktualiseras genom kategoriseringar i ungdomsvården, att uppmärksamma hur dessa kategoriseringar markeras samt påvisa hur berättarens egna etniska identitet formas och upprätthålls genom olika markeringar. Rapporten bygger på 109 intervjuer som genomförts med olika aktörer i ungdomsvården samt de fältanteckningar jag fört i anslutning till de olika mötena, spontana samtal före och efter intervjuerna, och i anslutning till besöken på de olika institutionerna, arbetsplatserna, mm.
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| 14. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Fältarbete och nya frågeställningar – exemplet Bosnien
- 2008
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I detta utkast analyseras forskningsprocessens olika steg, från problemformulering till analys av data, och de kritiska val man ställs inför. Den empiriska delen bygger på observationer i Ljubija, en stad i nordvästra Bosnien, tidningsartiklar från området samt fjorton intervjuer. Känslorna under fältarbetet diskuteras.
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| 15. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Krig och brott : Definitioner av kriminalitet i ett bosniskt efterkrigssamhälle
- 2005
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is percieved as a crime in war time varies depending on the war at issue, the eventual peace, the victors and the victims. This study focuses on the resolution of rules that occured in Ljubija, a town in the north-western part of Bosnia-Herzegovina, during the the war 1992-1995, and how it created new conflicts and group formations that live on after the war. After the war a competition for the victim-role took place between different communities. The empirical part of the study is based upon observations in Ljubija, newspaper articles from the area and conversational interviews. The material was analysed using Emile Durkheim’s view on criminality in the society, Georg Simmel’s analysis on reconciliation and Nils Christie’s term “the ideal victim”. I also discuss my own emotions and thoughts as a fieldworker during the study.
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| 16. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Om etniska enklaver och samhällsförändringar efter ett krig
- 2008
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med detta utkast är att identifiera och analysera de sociala relationer och motsättningar som uppstår i ett samhälle som förändrats helt under ett krig. Den empiriska delen bygger på observationer i Ljubija, en stad i nordvästra Bosnien, tidningsartiklar från området samt fjorton intervjuer. Utvecklingen under och efter kriget har gjort att folk i Ljubija grupperas i tre skikt. En grupp består av bosnienserber som före, under och efter kriget varit bosatta i Ljubija (Ljubijabor); sen har vi gruppen med bosnienserber som kom till Ljubija som flyktingar under kriget i Bosnien och Kroatien (alltså flyktingar) och till slut har vi gruppen som består av bosnienmuslimer och bosnienkroater som etniskt rensades från Ljubija och efter kriget återvände dit (återvändande). Grupperna som nu finns i Ljubija förefaller relativt sammansmälta och samarbete samt interaktion mellan dem finns. Individer som bor i dagens Ljubija pratar med varandra när de träffas på gatorna och i kaféer. Fördelningen mellan ”vi” Ljubijabor, ”de” flyktingar och ”de” återvändande tycks för det mesta utspela sig på en symbolisk nivå. För Ljubijabor är både flyktingarna och de återvändande grupper som nämns i ett negativt sammanhang. Å ena sidan vill flyktingarna inte assimilera sig och med tiden har de kommit att utgöra majoriteten i Ljubija vilket i sin tur gör att Ljubijaborna pressas att följa deras normer och värderingar. Å andra sidan har de som återvänt (alltså bosnienkroater och bosnienmuslimer) en bättre ekonomisk situation än Lubijaborna och det skapar avund från Ljubijaborna sida. Det sociala livet i Ljubija, i intervjuades ögon, har förändrats till det sämre. De intervjuade brottas med banal nationalism, extrem fattigdom, sämre sjukvård, ökad kriminalitet och vissa tendenser till anarki i samhället. Rådande sociala relationer i Ljubija markeras på ett sådant sätt att motsättningar och en samhällelig nedgång lyfts fram och dramatiseras. Vad det gäller banal nationalism i Ljubija kan man säga att den reproducerar en viss oförsonlighet eftersom den håller de nationalistiska symboler och gränsdragningar som spelades ut så tydligt och makabert under kriget vid liv. Utvecklingen gjorde också att Ljubija blev en arena för olika utspel mellan vi och de. I den studien kan vi paradoxalt nog märka att etnisk och religiös tillhörighet inte behöver bli ett huvuddrag i vi/de-perspektivet. För den banala nationalismen emellertid är sådan tillhörighet nästan ett måste. Utgruppen som konstrueras hos banal nationalism definieras i termer av etnisk eller religiös tillhörighet.
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| 17. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Skulle jag grilla lamm med dig? : Försoning och oförsonlighet i före detta lägerfångars berättelser
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is it possible for civilians, who have been targets of war action, to reconcile with their former enemies? In this study I am analyzing the stories told by former camp-prisoners who were imprisoned at the beginning of the Bosnia-Herzegovina war in the early 1990’s. These prisoners were detained in the concentration-camps of Omarska, Keraterm and Manjača. The former prisoners took refuge in the Nordic countries after the war. The aim of the study is partly to analyze traces of reconciliation and implacability, and partly to detect and describe the rituals of interaction that emerged during the war, which have been revised and reinterpreted after the war. The report is based on 13 interviews with former camp-prisoners and their close relatives who now live in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Added to the study is a document analysis of verdicts by the Hague-tribunal and UN reports. Rather than the one-sided view of the former camp-prisoners, as traumatised, an action-oriented picture emerged. The stories of the camp-prisoners are nuanced fields where the narrator divides guilt and responsibility, reconciliation and implacability, the roles of heroes and victims. The study shows that the ethnic cleansing, in the Bosnian Northwest, caused not only series of atrocities but also dramatic changes in terms of different symbols and life-stories. The camps in the Bosnian Northwest were characterized by crimes and excesses against people. Individuality was heavily restricted by different power-rituals and abuse-processes. The interactive dynamics that evolved during the ethnic cleansing have a strong impact on the process of reconciliation after the war. The stories of reconciliation, implacability and victimization are constructed not only in relation to the war as a whole but also in relation to the narrators own actions and others personal actions during the war. It seems like the interviewees are trying to put their experiences behind them to escape being tormented by the past. The most outstanding in their stories is implacability, but forgiveness and reconciliation seem to be achievable if certain conditions are met, for example the display of shame.
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| 18. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Ungdomarnas beskrivningar : Uppskattning, kritik och förväntningar
- 2009
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Ingår i: Vårdkedja för ungdomar eller professionella?. - Stockholm : Statens Institutionsstyrelse. ; Forskningsrapport 2009:5, s. 49-118
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to analyse the way young people who were institutionalised in so called special youth-homes experienced, defined and iterpreted on the one hand the project “Motverka Våld och Gäng” (meaning: “Counteract Violence and Gangs”), and on the other hand the Coordinators employed in this project. There is a big variation in the perception of the coordinators. One common denominator is that the commission of Coordinator and the context in wich the Coordinator acts seems to be flexible enough for one individual to play the role in many different ways. It is only when the specific Coordinator selects an activ, prompt, independent, personal and relatively strong characterization of the role that he or she obtain a chance to have an impact. The personal aspect of the relationship between the young and the Coordinator is depicted as important and it seems as if it plays an important role in the care-giving chain.
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| 19. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
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Uppskattning, kritik och jämförelse - Projektet utifrån institutionspersonalens perspektiv
- 2009
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to map out and describe the way employees in Swedish juvenile homes interpret, define and perceive, on the one hand, the project “Motverka Våld och Gäng” meaning “Counteract Violence and Gangs”, and on the other hand the role of the Coordinators employed in this project. The role of the Coordinator is formally clear and unproblematic. The project management directives state what the Coordinators should (and should not) do. In the interviews for this survey the starting point is in fact the ambiguousness. The staff at the juvenile homes do not know or feel unsure about the role of the Coordinator and the purpose of the project. For example, they contested the projects name and meant that it did not include the type of problems that many of the projects youths suffered from. When describing the Coordinator and his role he or she is portrayed as discoursively unclear (when it’s percieved as vaguely stated) and organizationally unclear (when they wonder who does what in the care-giving chain). The staff formulate (“draw”) a clearer role for the Coordinators when talking about their own “ordinary” pressing problems, for example the inertia of the Social Service.
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| 20. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, et al.
(författare)
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School adjustment, mental symptoms and substance use in 16 year old students with hearing impairment and other disabilities
- 2007
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are few studies on substance use, mental symptoms and school problems in adolescents with multi-disabilities. This survey, “Life and health-young 2005”, included all children in mainstream schools class 9 in the county of Örebro, Sweden. Children attending special schools for deaf/hard-of-hearing and multi-disabled children were not included. There were 56 (1.9%) hard-of-hearing students with some other disability, 93 (3.1%) ‘just hard-of-hearing’ students, 282 (9.7%) students with some other disability than hearing impairment and 2488 (85.2%) without a disability. Hard-of-hearing/other disability group of students reported considerably higher scores on mental symptoms, substance use and school problems than the others. A logistic regression analysis showed that mental symptoms explained 17% of the variance, alcohol and drugs 15% and school problems 9%. The final model explained 24% and included use of illegal drugs (OR 8.3), often irritated (OR 4.2), feeling bad (OR 3.2) and bullied (OR 2.2). In the hard-of-hearing/other disability group 43% reported at least 2 of these symptoms and in the other groups 17%, 18% and 8%, respectively. The combination of hearing impairment and other disabilities increases the risk for mental symptoms, substance use and school problems. This group of students in mainstream schools ought to be an important target for preventive efforts.
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| 21. |
- Edén, Lena, et al.
(författare)
-
Return to work still possible after several years as a disability pensioner due to musculoskeletal disorders : a population-based study after new legislation in Sweden permitting "resting disability pension"
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:2, s. 147-155
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different strategies have been used to stimulate a return to work (RTW) among individuals suffering from long-term ailments. In Sweden a new law on "resting disability pension" permits disability pensioners to go back to work without jeopardising their benefits. In this study different variables related to RTW during 2000 by means of this legislation were identified among disability pensioners with musculoskeletal disorders. Individuals in the study group, when compared to a control group, had more often been disability pensioners for several years, had additional education, estimated their previous job to have been physically strenuous to a lesser degree, were more satisfied with the treatment at the social insurance office and had a more positive self-image. This study shows that it may be meaningful to continue/resume rehabilitation efforts and to try to motivate an individual suffering from musculoskeletal disorders to return to work even after several years as a disability pensioner.
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| 22. |
- Brunnberg, Elinor, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-rated mental health, school adjustment, and substance use in hard-of-hearing adolescents
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1081-4159 .- 1465-7325. ; 13:3, s. 324-335
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This survey, "Life and Health—Young People 2005," included all 15/16-year-old adolescents in mainstream schools in the county of Örebro, Sweden. Just students with a slight/mild or moderate hearing loss were included. There were 56 (1.9%) "hard-of-hearing (HH) students with multiple disabilities," 93 (3.1%) students who were "just HH," 282 (9.7%) students with some "other disability than HH," and 2,488 (85.2%) students with "no disability." "HH with multiple disabilities" reported considerably higher scores for mental symptoms, substance use, and school problems than the "no disability" group. Those with "just HH" and those with "other disability than HH" had more mental symptoms and school problems than the "no disability" group but no significant differences in substance use. In conclusion, the combination of a hearing loss and some other disability strongly increases the risk for mental symptoms, school problems, and substance use. This group, thus, is an important target for preventive measures.
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| 23. |
- Nieminen Kristofersson, Tuija
(författare)
-
Om social sårbarhet i samband med extraordinära händelser : En intervjustudie i 12 kommuner
- 2007
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this report is to study how the authorities in twelve Swedish municipalities consider social vulnerability in disasters. The study is based on telephone interviews with ten officials responsible for safety and risk analysis and with ten officials responsible for social and psychological support after disasters. Three group interviews about the support for affected citizens after the storm Gudrun in southern Sweden in 2005, the Asian tsunami in 2004 and an accident with toxic gas in 2005 were conducted with municipal officials. The municipalities represent different kinds of cities and villages in Sweden. The measures in the municipalities were performed with expert knowledge to keep the legitimacy of the municipal authorities. In some municipalities the support was performed with empowerment and was adjusted to the needs of the affected. The officials considered elderly and other people who already have care or nursing, immigrants and those without social network, as socially vulnerable. None of the respondents mentioned homeless people, tourists or illegal immigrants. These groups are often mentioned in international research. Some of the respondents discussed how far the responsibility of the municipal authorities should extend. They also discussed how much responsibility citizens living in the countryside should have for their own safety for example in case of power failure. The question ought to bring up for public and political discussion. Another question is whether the authorities or the affected have the right to define social vulnerability.
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| 24. |
- Dag, Munir, 1968-
(författare)
-
Unga människor med rörelsehinder : förankring, marginalisering och social exkludering
- 2006
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis was to describe the specific barriers young people with disabilities experience in their ambition to get a job. The aim was also to investigate how these young people’s social and economic situation has been affected by their disability. The results are based on two reports: one qualitative, consisting of interviews with 12 individuals with physical disabilities, and one quantitative in the form of a questionnaire answered by 706 persons. In the case of the questionnaire, the response rate was 48 per cent. Both reports are based on the same criteria, namely, that the respondents should have a physical disability, be 20–35 years of age and be participating in some form of employment policy program. The results from both studies show that individuals with physical disabilities encounter different types of barriers on the labour market, which can be categorised as being either at the individual level or at the social level. The barriers at the individual level are low education, long-term unemployment, grave physical disability and lack of work experience. The barriers identified at the social level are primarily poorly adapted workplaces, a too high working pace, employers’ negative attitudes, insufficient knowledge of the competence of disabled persons and an overly generous social welfare system. All these factors constitute a direct obstacle to employing persons with a physical disability. The results from the interview study show that the respondents have few social relations. The majority of the respondents have social intercourse solely with family members or parents. Most of the respondents in the questionnaire study state that they have frequent social relations with friends and acquaintances. Both the interview study and the questionnaire study reveal that the respondents’ financial position has worsened as a result if their physical disability. Conclusions that can be drawn from this thesis are that young people with physical disabilities encounter different barriers in their attempts to get a job and to maintain social relations. Based on the results, some of the respondents can be regarded as being socio-economically marginalised.
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| 25. |
- Dag, Munir, 1968-
(författare)
-
Unga människor med rörelsehinder utanför arbetsmarknaden : om barriärer, sociala relationer och livsvillkor
- 2003
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med studien har varit att beskriva de specifika barriärer som individer med rörel-sehinder i åldrarna 20-35 år upplever att de möter i sin strävan att komma in på arbets-marknaden. Syftet har också varit att beskriva individernas livssituation under arbets-löshet och jämföra detta med livssituationen i någon form av sysselsättning. Metoden som har använts är kvalitativ, intervjuer med 12 individer med rörelsehinder.Resultaten från intervjuerna visar att individer med rörelsehinder möter barriärer inom olika områden. Barriärerna uppkommer via ett komplext samspel mellan den so-ciala och fysiska miljön, regelsystemen och individen. Studien tyder på olika orsaker till att individer med rörelsehinder möter barriärer i sina försök att få arbete. Exempel på sådana hinder är själva funktionshindret, graden av anpassning i den fysiska miljön, samhällets fördomar och rådande lagar. Utifrån detta har studien kunnat särskilja tre huvudkategorier av barriärer - individrelaterade, miljörelaterade och regelrelaterade.Resultatet visar att barriärer på individnivå är låg utbildning, avsaknad av yrkeserfa-renhet, lång period av arbetslöshet och dåliga kunskaper i regelsystemet. Ytterligare barriärer på individnivå är låg motivation att söka arbete.De miljörelaterade barriärer som identifieras är främst dåligt anpassade arbetslokaler, avsaknad av tekniska hjälpmedel och dåligt fungerade färdtjänst, bristande information samt rådande attityder om funktionshindrade i samhället. Dessa aspekter innebär di-rekta hinder för anställning av rörelsehindrade.Studien tyder också på att regelsystemen kan fungera som barriärer. Dels uppger un-dersökningsgruppen att de har bristande kunskaper i gällande regler, dels uppges att det inte är lönsamt att arbeta, eftersom inkomsten inte förbättras med ett arbete.
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| 26. |
- Henriksen, Anna, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
-
Youths in coercive residential care : attitudes towards key staff members' personal involvement, from a therapeutic alliance perspective
- 2008
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - London : Routledge. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 11:2, s. 145-159
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A strong therapeutic alliance between staff and juveniles (residents) in institutional settings is considered to be important for a positive treatment outcome. The article focuses on residents placed in coercive care in Swedish residential treatment centres (RTCs), and the aim is to explore obstacles and opportunities for establishing a therapeutic alliance between key staff members (KSMs) and residents in a one-year perspective. The key question is how residents view their KSMs' personal involvement and active participation in their treatment process. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-thre girls and twenty-three boys placed in ten different RTCs, and follow-up interviews were conducted after one year. In accordance with the theoretical approach, it is hypothesized that the residents' view of KSM involvement will be more positive in the one-year follow-up. Results from the first data collection show that more than half of the adolescents perceived their KSMs' personal involvement as mainly negative. Between the two interviews, several had developed a more positive view of the KSMs' personal involvement, while a large group did not display any change in attitude. Positive and negative institutional conditions and processes affecting the prospects for the development of a therapeutic alliance between residents and KSMs are discussed.
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| 27. |
- Jacobson Pettersson, Helene, 1952-
(författare)
-
Socialt medborgarskap och social delaktighet : Lokala upplevelser bland unga kvinnor och män med utländsk bakgrund
- 2008
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to explore how young adults from ethnic minority backgrounds experience social citizenship and social participation. How do they understand their social rights and duties? What are the possibilities and obstacles for their social participation? Based on the background of different studies in Sweden, that usually focus on conditions in bigger cities, this study discusses social citizenship among ethnic minority youth in the context of a middle-sized Swedish town. In contrast to research on ethnicity and youth in Sweden, that discuss social problems and social exclusion in terms of the deficient cultural, linguistic and social competence of the individuals, this study focuses on different kinds of resources and experiences of agency among young people from migrant backgrounds. Their experiences of active social citizenship and social participation fill also a gap in the contemporary research from the perspective of social inclusion. The theoretical framework is based on the concept of social citizenship as discussed by T. H. Marshall (1950), T. Bottomore (1992) and inspired by research on the subjective dimension of social citizenship conducted by R. Lister (1997, 2003, 2007). In order to grasp the subjective dimension of social citizenship, this thesis deals with differentiated expressions of universal social citizenship in terms of agency and participation in different areas of social life. Using a qualitative approach, seventeen people have been interviewed. The interviews have been analysed from an intersectional perspective where gender, age, marital status and longevity in Sweden appear to be concurrent categories. The results point towards tendencies of enclavisation among these young adults usually articulating experience of weak social bonding in relation to the Swedish majority population. Some informants refer to their expectations of living in bigger cities or a third country, and have plans to move as a strategy for better, more integrated and less discriminated conditions of future life. In sum, the central expectations of the interviewees on the improvement of their social citizenship conditions are the following: They want to be active citizens and are willing to contribute to the development of a more inclusive Swedish society. This thesis contributes to our current understanding of how young adults from ethnic minority backgrounds, experience social citizenship and social participation within the areas of: housing, education, labour-market, leisure and policy.
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| 28. |
- Kullberg, Christian, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vårdöverenskommelsen : stimulansmedel till bättre vård och behandling av personer med tungt missbruk
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten innehåller en utvärdering av statliga stimulansmedel riktade till kommunerna, med syfte att stödja utvecklingen inom missbruks- och beroendevården. Under åren 2006 och 2007 fördelade länsstyrelserna 340 miljoner kronor till kommunerna med syfte att öka specialisering och integrering, öka tillgängligheten samt stärka arbetet med individuella vårdplaner. Socialstyrelsen har haft i uppdrag att biträda länsstyrelserna med kunskapsstöd, bland annat vad gäller effektiva metoder i missbruks- och beroendevården, samt att nationellt samordna, följa upp och utvärdera satsningen.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Lindberg, Odd, 1948-
(författare)
-
Prison cultures and social representations : the case of Hinseberg, a women's prison in Sweden
- 2005
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Prisoner Health. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1744-9200 .- 1744-9219. ; 1:2-4, s. 143-161
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women represent approximately 6% of the prison population of Sweden (total = 5000). This article presents a study of female inmates in the closed prison for women, Hinseberg, in Sweden. The study examines the inmates and staff culture on the basis of concepts such as interaction rituals, status, role conflicts and social representations. The methodology included questionnaires to all inmates, qualitative interviews with inmates and staff and observation within the prison. Among the findings, it was clear that some inmates have a higher status than others, which is linked to the type of crime committed, years of imprisonment, previous imprisonment, relations to male gang members, and charisma. So-called ‘Queens’ rule the wings and maintain the inmates’ codes. Examples of these codes are: do not associate with the staff, do not talk too long with staff, do not be an informer, do not seek treatment programmes, and do not trust anybody. Those who challenge the codes are seen as an informer or traitor, and the culture in the prison was found to be oppressive towards women who want to seek treatment and support from staff. The study also shows that there are similarities in the staff and the inmates’ cultures. Experienced prison officers often have a significant impact on the staff culture, and among staff there are informal codes, i.e. that you should not be ‘too close’ to the inmates and do not trust the inmates. This leads to an objectifying and distancing approach in relation to the inmates. In both cultures stereotypical social representations of ‘the other’ is created, which have a negative impact on the possibilities for working with rehabilitation.
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| 34. |
- Neander, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Important meetings with important persons : narratives from families facing adversity and their key figures
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Qualitative Social Work. - : SAGE Publications. - 1473-3250 .- 1741-3117. ; 5:3, s. 295-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study families that have struggled with their relationships to their children have identified people who have had a positive influence on the child or the family. By enabling meetings between the parents and these key figures the participants were given an opportunity to together recall their contact. The aim of the study was to examine the understanding they constructed of these beneficial processes. Interpretation according to Max van Manen’s hermeneuticp-phenomenological method led to the crystallization of a number of central themes. These themes together constitute the following whole: these are narratives about ‘emerging mutual trust’, which ‘overcomes obstacles’. The key figures or ‘important persons’ have a ‘clear orientation’ in their occupation and they work in ‘the essential everyday world’ to find and establish ‘contexts that nourish development’ in children and parents. The outcome of this is the creation of ‘new narratives’ that replace the old ones.
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| 35. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Röster från socialtjänsten
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Vårdkedja för ungdomar eller professionella?. - Stockholm : Statens Institutionsstyrelse. ; Forskningsrapport 2009:5, s. 193-223
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to analyze how the Social Services personnel interpret, define and perceive, on the one hand, the project “Motverka Våld och Gäng” meaning “Counteract Violence and Gangs”, and on the other hand the role of the Coordinators employed in this project. Heads of units and Social Secretarys were interviewed, as well as observed and recorded at meetings. The personnel of the Social Service often state that the project came “from above”, from the state, and they construct the project as pointing out the Social Service as incompetent of handling juvenile care. Both appreciative as well as criticizing voices were heard about the Coordinators and their role. The criticism deals with the Coordinator portrayed as a controller and competitor when representing the young ones. Positive comments deal with the mediating role of the Coordinator, in contacts with the young one and the parents, as well as their administrative contributions.
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| 36. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
-
Vi är fortfarande kompetenta! : Röster från socialtjänsten om ett samarbetsprojekt i ungdomsvården
- 2009
-
Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to analyze how the Social Services personnel interpret, define and perceive, on the one hand, the project “Motverka Våld och Gäng” meaning “Counteract Violence and Gangs”, and on the other hand the role of the Coordinators employed in this project. Heads of units and Social Secretarys were interviewed, as well as observed and recorded at meetings. The personnel of the Social Service often state that the project came “from above”, from the state, and they construct the project as pointing out the Social Service as incompetent of handling juvenile care. Both appreciative as well as criticizing voices were heard about the Coordinators and their role. The criticism deals with the Coordinator portrayed as a controller and competitor when representing the young ones. Positive comments deal with the mediating role of the Coordinator, in contacts with the young one and the parents, as well as their administrative contributions.
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| 37. |
- Brodin, Jane, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
-
IRIS Teacher Training : CD
- 2009
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- CD in English from the IRIS Teacher Training package. International cooperation between Austria, Belgium, Catalonia (Spain), England, Portugal and Sweden. Focus is on inclusive education and classroom climate.
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| 38. |
- Livholts, Mona
(författare)
-
"Women", welfare, textual politics and critique : different categories of "women", the making of welfare states and emancipation in a Nordic welfare state context
- 2001
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall purpose of this thesis is to analyse and interpret the relationship between the social construction of different categories of 'women' and the making of welfare states in specific moments of textual politics in a Nordic welfare state context. Furthermore, the aim is to develop a methodology for critical self-reflection in the process Of producing academic knowledge. The intention is to invite the reader to engage in critical reconsideration on these issues.This thesis is based on Four Articles and consists of Four Parts. The First Part (I) introduces the reader to the process of producing academic knowledge from the perspective of an 'outsider within' and describes the backgrounds from which this research interest has developed. Methodological approaches and methods in the form of social constructionism, discourse analysis and memory work are presented and the research process as well as the conditions under which academic writing takes place are discussed.The Second Part (II) consists of the Four Articles in the thesis. Article One (I) is an invitation to critically reflect upon the construction of and the relationship between academic social work and marginalisation/the marginalised. It is argued that academic social work, to a large extent, builds on the construction of Othering and that this must be analysed in a critical way. Article Two (II) analyses and interprets how solo mothers are constructed as a social category in a selection of textual political documents (research documents and government surveys) in a Swedish welfare state context during the 1980s and the 1990s. As a result of these interpretations, welfare takes its particular form through two images - the welfare dilemma and risk motherhood. The effects of using solo mothers as a subcategory of women are conceptualised in accordance with two principles - the principle of problem orientation and the principle of division. Article Three (III) analyses the category of 'women' in academic writings on the Nordic "women-friendly" welfare states. By using discourse analysis in the form of interpretative repertoires, this study reconstruct 'women' into different 'clusters' and also makes some references to 'men'. The article discusses overlaps, contradictions and conflicts related to women and emancipatory social change. Article Four (IV) examine and interpret the foundations of Nordic "women-friendlyness" by a feminist genealogical discursive analysis designed as a set of interrelated and overlapping stories, with two possible suggested endings: Nordic "women-friendlyness" as invention and as vision.The Third Part (III) focus on the production of academic knowledge and academic writing as a process by using memory work as a form for critical self-reflection and relates this back to specific sub-themes in each article. Examples of sub-themes are fears, social problems and female strangers.In Part Four (IV) the concept of untimeliness is used as a way of discussing the relationship between human relationships and the process of social change. By focusing on form and the construction of Othering as a way of creating Self, three possible endings are presented: enter the theatre, negotiating the problem of Othering and an untimely letter.
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| 39. |
- Sandberg, Jonas, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Keeping the family balance : adult daughters' experiences of roles and strategies when supporting caring fathers
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 12:2, s. 233-245
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Scandinavian countries represent a progressive approach to gender equality and transitions of traditional gender roles but little attention has been paid to gender equality in old age and how normative constructions of gender intersect in the lives of family carers. The aim of this study was to understand how adult daughters experience their roles and strategies when supporting fathers caring for an ill mother. A sample of eight daughters shared their experiences through in-depth interviews. The findings show that the daughters provide substantial and crucial effort and are intimately involved in the caring for their father and the sole contributors towards the emotional support of their fathers. They tend to devote a lot of energy towards picturing their family as 'normal' in terms of the family members adopting traditional roles and activities inside as well as outside the family context. In conclusion, the lack of understanding about gender as a 'norm producer' is something that needs to be further elaborated upon in order for professionals to encounter norm-breaking behaviours. The daughters' position as family carers is often assumed and taken for granted since the intersecting structures that impact on the situations of the daughters are largely invisible.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
-
Institutionsplacerade ungdomars berättelser om samordnarna i ungdomsvården
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med detta utkast är att analysera hur ungdomar som varit placerade på särskilda ungdomshem upplever, definierar och tolkar ett behandlingsprojekt, som involverade olika myndigheter, benämnt Motverka Våld och Gäng. Dessutom uppmärksammas hur de tolkade de i projektet anställda samordnarna. Den personliga aspekten i relationen mellan ungdomar och samordnare framställs som viktig och det verkar som om den aspekten fyller en viktig funktion i vårdkedjan. Ett gott samspel mellan samordnare och ungdom kan stärka att samordnarens förutsättningar att påverka vårdkedjan under förutsättning att samordnaren accepteras av socialsekreteraren i fallet. Om samarbetet mellan samordnare och socialsekreterare är bristfälligt kan socialsekreteraren komma att uppleva ungdomens uppskattning av samordnaren som en allians mellan ungdom – samordnare mot socialsekreteraren. Detta kan ge negativa effekter på ungdomens vårdkedja. Samordnarna uppskattas av ungdomarna om de är trovärdiga och förtroendeingivande, och detta tycks enbart inträffa om de är personliga. En samordnare som intar rollen som – ytterligare en – distanserad och formell myndighetsperson blir endast ännu en av de många vuxna, som omger dessa ungdomar. Samtidigt måste samordnaren behärska myndighetsperspektiven. En omtyckt samordnare är en samordnare som kan kontrollera och inspektera vad övriga myndighetsaktörer gör, och som inte enbart intar en kompisroll. Samordnarna uppskattas inte av de unga när de inte gör någon skillnad. En samordnare som inte ringer eller på andra sätt tar kontakt, som förblir okänd och anonym och som förefaller ha ett otydligt eller ”dimmigt” uppdrag får ingen respekt. Samordnare uppfattas som obetydliga och oanvändbara om de inte framträder som tydliga personer i de ungas värld.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Karlsson, Sofie, et al.
(författare)
-
Caring while living apart
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of gerontological social work. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 0163-4372 .- 1540-4048. ; 49:4, s. 3-27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, researchers have paid increasing attention to the issue of care in the new types of family and partner relationships. The aim of this study is to examine expectations and attitudes concerning care among elderly people in LAT (Living Apart Together)- relationships in Sweden, that is, people who have a long-term intimate relationship, but who do not share a common home. Questionnaires were completed by 116 elderly people in LAT-relationships. Partners are ranked as the main providers of care, especially by men, but there is considerable variation in the answers. This seems to be principally related to the degree of flexibility in this type of relationship. Some individuals see a LAT-relationship as a marriage-like relationship, while others see it primarily as a type of relationship that guarantees them the possibility of maintaining their own independent way of life.
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| 48. |
- Johansson, Håkan
(författare)
-
I det sociala medborgarskapets skugga : Rätten till socialbidrag under 1980- och 1990-talen
- 2001
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Universalism, social rights and social citizenship are often considered as key concepts to describe the Swedish welfare state. However, in the beginning of the 1990s, the Swedish welfare state experienced a severe economic recession. In only a couple of years, the unemployment rate increased sharply as well as the number of social assistance recipients. These changes constitute the background for this thesis, which aim is to analyse the changed rights and duties of the recipients of social assistance in the Swedish welfare state during the 1980s and 1990s. The object of study is then the Social Service Act from 1982 and how the Supreme Administrative Court, the National Board of Health and Welfare and two municipalities have interpreted the Act. The study is based on official documents, reports and guidelines from these "interpreters". The two municipalities are Linköping and Norrköping. Theoretically, this thesis builds on T.H. Marshall's essay on social citizenship and social rights. Three different perspectives on how social assistance could be analysed as a social right are being discussed: (i) a poor-law perspective, (ii) a welfare state perspective and (iii) a legal perspective. One of the main findings in the dissertation is that there has been a clear shift concerning the interpretation of the right to social assistance. In the 1980s, the municipalities as well as the Supreme Administrative Court and the National Board of Health and Welfare tried to define the right to social assistance as if it was a social security benefit. They asserted that the means-tested feature of the social assistance system should be limited and tried to implement the routines of the social security system, i.e. they tried to adopt the principles of universalism. This way of defining the right to social assistance was abandoned in the early 1990s. The municipalities enforced clear obligations for the recipients and developed local work-projects. They also emphasised that means-testing was an important and central feature of the social assistance system. This shift was to a certain degree codified in the revised Act from 1998. Thereby, this study indicates that the Swedish welfare state has moved away from what has been seen as its ideal.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Gustafsson, Mikael, 1965-
(författare)
-
ArbetsDax – för psykiskt funktionshindrade : Talet om klienter, samordnare och samverkan i en verksamhet för arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Efter den rikspolitiska psykiatrireformen i mitten av 1990-talet inrättades runt om i Sverige rehabiliteringsverksamheter för psykiskt funktionshindrade människor. Det ansågs då viktigt att utveckla samverkan mellan berörda myndigheter och andra organisationer för att de psykiskt funktionshindrade inte skulle hamna ”mellan stolarna”. I Eskilstuna inrättades en arbetslivsinriktad interorganisatorisk rehabiliteringsverksamhet kallad ArbetsDax, med en ny yrkesgrupp av professionella på operativ nivå som kallades samordnare.Syftet med rapporten är att utifrån olika empiriska material bidra till förståelsen av verksamhetens diskursiva karaktär, det vill säga språkbrukets betydelse inom verksamheten, och till förståelsen av samordnarens yrkesroll. Det förstnämnda är intressant utifrån antagandet att språkbruket har en central roll i verksamheten. Det sistnämnda är intressant utifrån antagandet att ArbetsDax samordnare kan bidra med något kvalitativt/kvantitativt annorlunda än yrkesgrupper på de rena myndigheter, främst försäkringskassan och arbetsförmedlingen, som ArbetsDax samverkar med.Verksamhetens diskursiva karaktär framstår i analysen av verksamhetsdokument, intervjuer och observationer som ett komplext konsensusarbete med särskilt fokus på klienter, samordnare och samverkan. Klienten framställs som en kluven identitet: å ena sidan som en aktiv individ med den ”rätta” viljan enligt arbetslinjen, å andra sidan som en passiviserad individ med en begränsad förmåga p.g.a. psykiska funktionshinder. Samordnaren framställs som en komplex och gränsöverskridande profession som ska utföra ett konsensusarbete med klienterna, exempelvis i form av ett motivationsarbete för att transformera betalningsmaktens tvång över klienten (i huvudsak från försäkringskassans sida) till klientens ”fria” vilja. Samordnaren har också att sträva efter konsensus i relation till andra myndigheters representanter och de arbetsgivare som klienterna ska arbetsträna hos. Samverkan framställs i form av direktiv för och problematiseringar av rehabiliteringsverksamheten. Detta sker bland annat med hjälp av intertextuella legitimitetsreferenser i policydokument för verksamheten, samt med hjälp av den centrala metaforen rehabiliteringskedjan som ordnar de samverkande myndigheterna i förhållande till klienternas ”rehabiliteringskarriär”. Stort fokus finns på språkliga skillnader mellan organisationerna, med strävan efter konsensus genom att på mer eller mindre subtila vis försöka mildra åtskillnaden. I analysen framstår ändå försäkringskassan som ”blåslampa”, arbetsförmedlingen som ”bromskloss” och kommunen som ”försvarare” av verksamheten.Samordnarens professionskaraktär analyseras genom jämförelser med två teorier: dels Roine Johanssons teori om strukturella dimensioner för gräsrotsbyråkrater inom rena myndigheter som försäkringskassan och arbetsförmedlingen, och dels Mats Börjesson & Eva Palmblads samt Annette Carstens teori om den nutida välfärdsarbetarens språkliga praktik. Analysen visar att samordnaren framstår som en gräsrotsbyråkratisk profession med tämligen stort handlingsutrymme, men därutöver som en gränsöverskridande ”hybridprofession” vars insats till stor del består i ett konsensusarbete i relation till klienter, samverkande organisationsrepresentanter, arbetsgivare hos vilka klienterna arbetstränar, samt i relation till betalningsmakten (i första hand försäkringskassan).I rapportens senare del fördjupas diskussionen om samordnaren som en profession som inte endast fokuserar på klientens förmåga och vilja, utan även på dennes spontana lust. Samtidigt framstår ArbetsDax som ett försök att utveckla välfärdsarbetets organisation i riktning bort från forna tiders omyndigförklarande socialpolitik, bland annat genom att skapa den nya professionen samordnare.
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