| 1. |
- Gribbe, Johan, 1979-
(författare)
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Att modellera slagfältet: Tidig databehandling vid FOA, 1954–66 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 15 oktober 2007
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Att modellera slagfältet” [Modelling the battlefield] was held at The National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm on 15 October 2007 and was led by Magnus Hagwall. Different aspects of the early use of electronic computers to analyze and study military problems at the National Defence Research Establishment (FOA) were discussed at the seminar, particularly the use of computers to carry out simulations of combat scenarios and weapons effects against different targets. Special attention was paid to the time period from 1954, when the introduction of BESK first made computer simulations possible, to 1966 when the IBM 7090 mainframe computer at FOA was replaced. Operations research provided new problems for computer programming. The design of computer models for submarine hunt, armored combat and ground-to-air combat developed at FOA in the late 1950s and 1960s were discussed at the seminar. Other problems brought up were the development of computer models to study the effects of artillery shells against airplanes and armored tanks. The use of FORTRAN to develop programs for IBM 709 and IBM 7090 was described. The design of the information handling system CORSAIR was touched upon. Moreover, the seminar discussed the use of IBM 7090 mainframe computers to develop programs for meteorological analysis. The critical importance of fast input and output facilities for meteorological applications was underlined. Finally, the reliability of large computer models to study battle-field scenarios was debated.
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| 2. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
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Databehandling vid Väg- och vattenbyggnads-styrelsen/Vägverket 1957–1980 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 22 maj 2006
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar “Databehandling vid Väg- och vattenbyggnadsstyrelsen/Vägverket 1957–1980” [Data Processing at the Royal Board of Roads and Water Building/National Road Administration 1957—1980] was held at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 22 May 2006 and led by Carl-Olof Ternryd. The seminar considered the development of data processing, photogrammetry and metrology at the Royal Board of Roads and Water Building/National Road Administration. The im-portance of these different methods in the planning, design and laying out of roads was discussed. A nine-week study visit to the USA in 1957 was identified as having played a key part in the early introduction of data processing at the Royal Board of Roads and Water Building. The use of quantity computation programmes in road planning, the advent of aerial photography and the introduction of photogrammetric instruments were taken up. Attention was also paid to the significance of information and education in spreading knowledge of data processing, photogrammetry and metrology within the organization. Particular note was taken of topics such as the official choice of the programming language ALGOL-GENIUS, the establishment of the early informa-tion system Vägdatabank, and the joint organization of tech-nical and administrative data processing.
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| 3. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
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Tidig programmering : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 16 mars 2006
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Tidig programmering” [Early pro-gramming] was held at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 16 March 2006 and led by Lars Arosenius. Different aspects of early programming and the development of programming languages were covered at the seminar. The physical difficulties in the programming of the relay computer BARK were observed. Furthermore the problems that the restricted memory capacity of the early computers brought to their programming were discussed. The importance of the capacity to create program libraries and manage subroutines was discussed. The first operating systems were mentioned. Attention was paid to the design of the early programming language ALFAKOD used on the BESK and FACIT EDB computers. Also the founding of the early software companies Autocode AB and Nordisk ADB AB was mentioned. Moreover the development of a compiler for the ALGOL programming language at Facit AB was dealt with. This work led to the development of the ALGOL-GENIUS language at Saab AB during the first half of the 1960s. Finally the special requirements on programming languages for telecommunication, which led to the development at Ericsson of the ERI-PASCAL and ERLANG programming languages, were debated.
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