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- Blennow, K, et al.
(author)
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The neurochemistry of Alzheimer's disease
- 1996
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 94168, s. 77-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
- C:son Silander, H, et al.
(author)
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Surgical treatment for epilepsy: a retrospective Swedish multicenter study.
- 1997
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314. ; 95:6, s. 321-30
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The characteristics of patients suffering from drug resistant epilepsy, including the results of the preoperative evaluation and epilepsy surgery were retrospectively analyzed in a Swedish multicenter 10-year cohort of children and adults. Altogether 152 patients (65 children and 87 adults) treated during the period 1980-1990 in three epilepsy centers were included and followed-up 2 years after surgery. Median age at onset of seizures was 4 years for the children and 12 years for the adults. A localization related epilepsy was present in 85% of the children and in 95% of the adults. The mean number of seizure types in the children was 1.7 (range 1-4) and in the adults 1.8 (range 1-4). The median monthly seizure frequency was 52 and 15 for children and adults respectively. Resective surgery was performed in 143 cases (94 temporal, 31 extratemporal, 9 multilobar and 9 major resection procedures) and palliative procedures in 16 cases (13 callosotomies and 3 stereotactic amygdalotomies). Postoperative neurological deficits were detected in 9% of the patients after temporal lobe resections and in 15% of the patients after extratemporal and multilobar resection procedures. Two years after resective surgery 53% of the children and 49% of the adults were seizure free. Another 25% of the patients had a more than 50% reduction of seizure frequency. In the postoperative non seizure free group of patients there was a negative correlation between decrease in weighted seizure severity and decrease in seizure frequency. This finding stresses the need for including other parameters than seizure frequency when evaluating the outcome of epilepsy surgery.
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- Dizdar (Dizdar Segrell), Nil, et al.
(author)
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L-dopa pharmacokinetics studied with microdialysis in patients with Parkinson's disease and a history of malignant melanoma
- 1999
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 100:4, s. 231-237
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The pharmacokinetics of free L-dopa in blood and tissue of five parkinsonian patients with malignant melanoma was studied with microdialysis. In one case the effect of L-dopa treatment on 5-S-cysteinyldopa and the melanoma was studied. Gastric emptying and its effects on free L-dopa in blood were also investigated in one of the patients.METHODS: Five patients were given 100 mg L-dopa with 25 mg benserazide. Blood and dialysates from the circulation and fatty tissue were collected for analysis. [13C]-Octanoic breath test was used for analyzing gastric half-emptying time.RESULTS: Four of the patients had similar pharmacokinetic patterns for L-dopa and a significant (P < 0.05) increase of serum 5-S-cysteinyldopa occurring 30 min after L-dopa intake. Delayed L-dopa peaks and slow gastric half-emptying time were found in 1 patient. A dose-dependent increase of 5-S-cysteinyldopa occurred but no melanoma metastases were seen during long-term L-dopa therapy.CONCLUSION: L-dopa therapy increases 5-S-cysteinyldopa levels but does not seem to cause progress of melanomas. Gastric emptying impacts L-dopa pharmacokinetics.
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- Ekegren, Titti, et al.
(author)
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Upregulation of Bax protein and increased DNA degradation in ALS spinal cord motor neurons
- 1999
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 100:5, s. 317-321
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives To investigate if degeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is related to altered levels of the apoptosis regulating proteins Bcl-2 and Bax. In addition, immunoreactivity of the cysteine protease ICH-1L and detection of motor neurons with DNA fragmentation, indicative of apoptosis, was also studied. Material and methods The immunoreactivity of Bcl-2, Bax and ICH-1L were compared in ALS and control spinal cord motor neurons by immunohistochemical analysis and motor neurons with DNA fragmentation were identified by the TUNEL-method. Results The results demonstrate an increased expression of Bax in the ALS material as compared to controls but no change in Bcl-2 and ICH-1L expressions. Moreover, a larger proportion of motor neurons stained positive for TUNEL in ALS spinal cords. Conclusion Present study suggest an upregulation of the cell death promoting protein Bax and increased DNA degradation, indicative of apoptosis, in spinal motor neurons of ALS patients.
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- Eriksson, s, et al.
(author)
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Surgical treatment of epilepsy--clinical, radiological and histopathological findings in 139 children and adults.
- 1999
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314. ; 99:1, s. 8-15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study relates clinical and radiological data to histopathological diagnoses in the first 139 patients (children and adults) in the G?teborg Epilepsy Surgery series. Temporal lobe resections were most common (54.0%) followed by frontal lobe (18.0%) and multilobar resections (11.5%). All histopathological specimens were re-evaluated in connection with this study. Parenchymal malformations and atrophic-gliotic lesions were the most common histopathological findings. Microdysgenesis was more common than major malformations (24.5% versus 11.5%). When the MRI scans were blindly re-evaluated the MRI findings correlated with histopathological diagnosis in all of the vascular malformations, in 77.8% of the tumours, in 76.5% of the cases with hippocampal sclerosis but only in 28.6% of the major cortical development malformations. Hemispherectomies carried the best seizure outcome prognosis followed by temporal lobe resections (75.0% versus 57.3% seizure free 2 years after surgery). Vascular malformations carried the best, and microdysgenesis the worst prognosis (76.9% versus 39.4% seizure free).
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- Lannfelt, L
(author)
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Genetics of Alzheimer's disease
- 1996
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 94168, s. 25-27
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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- Melberg, Atle, et al.
(author)
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Monozygotic twins with MELAS-like syndrome lacking ragged red fibers and lactacidaemia
- 1996
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 94:4, s. 233-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Typical cases of MELAS present a combination of clinical and neuroradiological features, lactacidaemia, and ragged red fibers (RRFs) in striated muscle. We have observed a MELAS-like syndrome in monozygotic twins. They developed seizures typically in conjunction with physical exertion, sleep deprivation or febrile episodes. Stroke-like episodes occurred usually during seizures. In twin 2 the course was fatal at age 20 years. Neuroradiological findings were typical of MELAS. Plasma lactate was normal in both. CSF lactate was normal in twin 1 and normal/elevated in twin 2. RRFs were not seen in muscle biopsies of the twins. Complex I activity was reduced in muscle in twin 1. Brain tissue removed at epilepsy surgery in twin 2 showed the presence of mitochondrial angiopathy. The commonest mitochondrial DNA mutation in MELAS, at base pair 3243, was absent. Lactacidaemia and mitochondrial myopathy with RRFs constitute part of the diagnostic criteria of MELAS. However, the absence of these features does not exclude mitochondrial disorder with the serious manifestations of MELAS (seizures and stroke-like episodes) as seen in these twins.
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| 32. |
- Nordberg, A
(author)
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Application of PET in dementia disorders
- 1996
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In: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 94168, s. 71-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 35. |
- Poutiainen, E., et al.
(author)
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Cognitive decline in patients with symptomtic HIV-1 infection : No decline in asymptomatic infection
- 1996
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 93:6, s. 421-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thirty-six HIV-1-infected predominantly well-functioning subjects were followed up for one year by repeated neuropsychological, clinical neurological, neuroradiological, and immunological examinations. Changes in cognitive performance related to the severity of HIV-1 infection as well as to neuroradiological or immunological changes were studied. A decline in cognitive speed and flexibility was found in symptomatic subjects (ARC, AIDS). The impairment was especially pronounced in patients with progression of brain atrophy. These findings suggest a brain pathology underlying the cognitive decline in ambulatory outpatients with symptomatic HIV-1 infection. A practice effect was found in asymptomatic subjects (ASX, LAS) and in those with unchanged CT/MRI scans. No systematic relationship was found between cognitive change and immunological change.
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| 36. |
- Räty, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Quality of life in newly-debuted epilepsy : an empirical study
- 1999
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 100:4, s. 221-226
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives - This study aimed to illuminate adult's experienced quality of life in newly-debuted epilepsy and to test the American instrument Quality of Life Index (QLI) for the first time on an epilepsy population. A second aim was to find appropriate questions to measure patient perceptions in epilepsy.Material and methods - All persons 18–65 fulfilling criteria (n=41) and diagnosed during a 15-month period at 2 Swedish hospitals, answered questionnaires (n= 37/41) on quality of life and perceptions of epilepsy.Results - Patients experienced the highest quality in the “Family” domain and the lowest in the “Psychological/ spiritual”. Significant correlations were found between quality of life and experienced change of life situation, own perceptions of epilepsy, seizure frequency after diagnosis, gender and side effects from antiepileptic drugs. The QLI was well applicable on people with epilepsy.Conclusions - Data indicates that debut of epilepsy has an evident impact on quality of life and a more extensive study is required.
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