| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ahnlide, Jan Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Ictal SPECT in clinical perisylvian syndrome.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 109:4, s. 280-283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andreasen, Niels, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of total-tau, phospho-tau and A beta 42 predicts development of Alzheimer's disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0065-1427 .- 0001-6314. ; 179, s. 47-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical diagnostic markers may be valuable to help in the diagnosis early in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in the phase before clinically overt dementia, i.e. in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We studied 44 patients with MCI who, at 1-year follow-up investigation, had progressed to AD with dementia, and 32 controls. Three CSF biomarkers related to the central pathogenic processes in AD were analysed, including CSF total-tau (T-tau) (as a marker for neuronal degeneration), CSF phospho-tau (P-tau) (as a marker for hyperphosphorylation of tau and possibly for the formation of neurofibrillary tangles), and CSF A beta 42 (as a marker for A beta metabolism, and possibly for the formation of senile plaques). At baseline, 35/44 (79.5%) of the MCI patients had high CSF T-tau, 31/44 (70.4%) high CSF P-tau, while 34/44 (77.3%) had low CSF-A beta 42 levels. The positive likelihood ratio was 8.45 for CSF T-tau, 7.49 for CSF P-tau and 8.20 for CSF A beta 42. These findings suggest that these CSF-markers are abnormal before the onset of clinical dementia, and that they may help to identify MCI patients that will progress to AD. CSF diagnostic markers will be especially important when drugs with potential effects on the progression of AD (e.g. gamma-secretase inhibitors) will reach the clinical phase.
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| 7. |
- Arnardottir, S, et al.
(författare)
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Inclusion body myositis - Sensory dysfunction revealed with quantitative determination of somatosensory thresholds
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:1, s. 22-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to evaluate sensory function in inclusion body myositis (IBM), nine patients were subjected to sensibility screening and quantitative determination of somatosensory thresholds. Data were compared with results from electrophysiological examination and muscle biopsy. On sensibility screening all but one of the IBM patients had abnormal findings in hands and/or feet mostly affecting thermal sensibility. Vibratory thresholds were abnormal in five and thermal thresholds in four of the patients. Mean vibratory thresholds were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the IBM patients when compared with the controls. Significantly increased heat pain thresholds were found in hands and feet when compared with the controls while thermal thresholds were normal. Nerve conduction velocities were decreased in three patients, EMG showed both myopathic and neuropathic abnormalities in six patients. Eight patients had neuropathic abnormalities on muscle biopsy. The sensory dysfunction found suggests an affection of peripheral nerves in IBM mainly affecting large diameter myelinated nerve fibres corroborating earlier findings of a peripheral neuropathy in IBM.
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| 8. |
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| 10. |
- Blomsterwall, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Postural disturbance in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus.
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314. ; 102:5, s. 284-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The postural function in 52 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and in 19 patients with subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE) was analysed bedside and in 17 of the NPH, 10 of the SAE and 23 healthy individuals (HI) also examined with a force platform. At the bedside examination, no differences in postural functions between NPH and SAE patients were found. The NPH patients improved more in the postural than in motor functions after shunt surgery. The NPH patients had a larger sway area and a higher backward directed velocity of centre of pressure than HI. The direction of the inclination in the sagittal plane was neutral or forward in the NPH and the SAE patients while it was backward in HI. The postural function was better in positions with open eyes in all 3 groups, but significantly less in the NPH patients, indicating a misinterpretation of afferent visual stimuli in the brainstem postural centre.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Callander, Margarita, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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A cluster of multiple sclerosis cases in Lysvik in the Swedish county of Värmland
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 110:1, s. 14-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives – When surveying the county of Värmland in Sweden in order to determine the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS), we observed an aggregation of MS cases originating from the parish of Lysvik in the local region called Fryksdalen. Our intention was to analyse this cluster thoroughly, confirming the MS diagnosis and seeing if a hereditary or environmental background was plausible.Methods – The medical files were studied and the cases were classified by a neurologist according to Poser's criteria. Hereditary factors were analysed.Results – Sixteen living cases of MS were found, either living in the parish (n = 6) or born or raised there and had later moved to another place (n = 10). All patients had clinically definite MS. Eleven patients had relatives with MS, all of these being descendants of the Suhoinen family. Another two cases were Suhoinen descendants who did not have relatives with MS. Other common ancestors were also identified. Two cases were adopted. Eleven deceased MS patients from Lysvik were found, 10 of them had Suhoinen ancestry.Conclusion – We report a cluster of MS cases with a common ancestry indicating heredity for MS in 85% of the cases. Lysvik is a parish where Finnish immigration was pronounced in the 17th century and there has been inbreeding to a certain extent through marriage between cousins. Thus, we interpret this aggregation as possibly being genetically based, and neurogenetic studies are now being performed. However, as two of the cases were adopted environmental factors must also be considered.
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| 13. |
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| 15. |
- Eeg-Olofsson, O, et al.
(författare)
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Herpesviral DNA in brain tissue from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 109:3, s. 169-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Presence of DNA from six herpesviruses were examined in brain tissue from patients operated for temporal lobe epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 19 Canadian patients (I) with a median age of 22 years, 17 Swedish patients (II) with a median age of 14 years and a reference group comprising 12 individuals were studied. Presence of herpesviral DNA was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Of three children with Rasmussen's encephalitis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA was found in two, and human herpesvirus type 6 DNA in two. In six children with ganglioglioma, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected in four. CMV DNA was found significantly more in group I compared with II, while the reverse occurred with EBV DNA. Malformations of cortical development were found significantly more in group II compared with I. CONCLUSION: Detection of DNA from some herpesviruses in epileptic brain tissue may possibly be associated with distinct clinical conditions, but factors such as age and malformations of cortical development should also be considered.
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| 16. |
- Emanuelson, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life and post-concussion symptoms in adults after mild traumatic brain injury : a population-based study in western Sweden.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:5, s. 332-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study quality of life and subjective post-concussion symptoms in adults (16-60 years) with a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) 3 months and 1 year after injury. METHODS: Of a total of 489 patients 173 responded to questionnaires at 3 months and at 1 year, including the SF-36 health-related quality of life survey, which is a standardized measure validated for Swedish conditions. Post-concussion symptoms were rated as either existing or non-existing in a 21-item checklist [a modified version of Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS)]. RESULTS: SF-36 showed impaired scores in all dimensions. Existing post-concussion symptoms were reported by 1545%. Significantly, more symptoms were present at 3 months than at 3 weeks after injury. Furthermore, a significant correlation between higher rates of post-concussion symptoms and lower SF-36 scores was found. CONCLUSIONS: The SF-36 results were significantly impaired compared with an age- and gender-matched normative control group and the rate of post-concussion symptoms was significantly higher at 3 months than at 3 weeks after injury. As a significant correlation between higher rates of symptoms and low SF-36 scores was also found we assume SF-36 to be a sensitive enough measure of MTBI-related effects.
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| 17. |
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| 19. |
- Fridriksson, Steen, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Education of referring doctors about sudden onset headache in subarachnoid hemorrhage
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 103:4, s. 238-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives – Forty percent of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage have prodromal warning episodes and difficulties in identifying these events are repeatedly documented. Modifications of diagnostic and referral patterns through educational programs of local doctors may help to identify such patients before a major devastating rupture occurs.Materials and methods– A teaching program about sudden onset headache, targeting referring doctors, was systematically applied and its impact on early misdiagnosis of ruptured aneurysms was prospectively studied.Results– Forty percent of all studied patients experienced a warning episode, manifested as apoplectic headache, prior to hospitalization. An initial diagnostic error was evident in 12% of the patients. Diagnostic errors were reduced by 77% as a result of continuous interaction between neurosurgeons and local physicians.Conclusion– Misdiagnosed warning episodes cause greater loss of lives and higher morbidity on a population basis than does delayed ischemic complications from vasospasm in aneurysmal SAH. Teaching programs focused on local physicians have a profound impact on outcome at low cost.
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| 20. |
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| 22. |
- Gunnarsson, Thorsteinn, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical treatment of patients with low-grade astrocytomas and medically intractable seizures
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 105:4, s. 289-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective - Low-grade astrocytomas can present with seizures that respond poorly to antiseizure medications, with a consequent reduction in the quality of life, because of both seizures and the medication's side-effects. We report our experience with operative treatment of such patients. Subjects and methods - Five patients (two children and three adults) with supratentorial low-grade astrocytomas associated with severe seizures were operated on. We followed the effects of the operation on post-operative neurological deficit, seizure frequency and the quality of life. Results - No serious neurological complications followed the operations. The patients were followed for a median period of 12 months (6-46). Post-operatively, three of the patients became seizure-free, one experiences only auras, and one had a great reduction in seizure frequency and severity. All patients reported great improvement in their quality of life. Conclusion - Resections of low-grade astrocytomas in patients with medically intractable seizures are safe procedures that effectively control seizures in the majority of patients, resulting in significant improvement in the patients' quality of life.
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| 23. |
- Guo, Xinxin, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Load force during manual transport in Parkinson's disease.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 109:6, s. 416-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To search for a physiological method for the measurement of upper extremity dexterity during activities of daily life in Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined load force output during manual transport in seven patients with PD and 10 healthy controls. PD patients were measured in both the non-medicated and medicated states. The test movement included two continuous sub-movements: an upward-forward transport of an object from the table to the stand, and a downward-backward transport of the object from the stand to the table. Hand movements were recorded using an optoelectronic camera, and load force was measured using a force sensor installed in the test object. RESULTS: Compared with the controls, PD patients had a different pattern of load force output characterized by slower force development and release, lower peak force, and less dynamic force generation during movement. After medication, the speed of force development and the level of peak force increased in the patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PD impairs the production of preprogrammed movements. The movements observed in the PD patients may result from compensatory strategies relying more on feedback mechanisms.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Hariz, Gun-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in disability and health-related quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease treated with stereotactic surgery
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:1, s. 28-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate eventual differences between women and men with Parkinson's disease (PD) before and after surgery, with respect to clinical status, disability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four men and 14 women with PD received a total of 46 surgical procedures (pallidotomy, thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation of the thalamus, pallidum or subthalamic nucleus). The impact of PD on disability and other aspects of HRQoL was analysed separately in men and women before and at a mean of 11 months after surgery, using the following assessment tools: The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the ADL Taxonomy, the Nottingham Health Profile, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale. RESULTS: At surgery, women had a significantly longer duration of disease than men (mean: 15 vs. 10 years, P < 0.01). They had a higher stage on the Hoehn and Yahr scale and worse scores on UPDRS parts II (ADL) and IV (complications), as well as on the Schwab and England scale and on the ADL Taxonomy. Following surgery, both men and women showed improvement, but women experienced greater benefit than men in ADL, in emotions, and in social life. CONCLUSIONS: Perhaps women with PD should be offered surgery more often and earlier in the course of their disease.
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| 27. |
- Holmqvist Andersson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury : a population based study in western Sweden.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 107:4, s. 256-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This study on traumatic brain injury (TBI) is based on prospective and retrospective population based data from a head injury register in Boras. METHODS: Data was collected from the hospital emergency unit, the discharge register, the regional neurosurgical clinic and the coroner's records during 1 year. This district is mixed urban and rural with a population of 138 000. RESULTS: The 753 cases identified represent an incidence of 546 per 100 000 which includes deaths (0.7%), hospital admissions (67%) and attendance at the emergency department in patients not admitted (32%). Males (644 per 100 000), had 1.46 higher overall rate than females (442 per 100 000). The external causes were dominated by fall from same level (31%) and fall from different level (27%) followed by traffic accidents (16%) and persons hit by objects (15%). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of TBI found in this study is high but well in accordance with earlier published Swedish studies.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 34. |
- Landtblom, Anne-Marie, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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A case of Kleine-Levin syndrome examined with SPECT and neuropsychological testing
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 105:4, s. 318-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case of Kleine-Levin syndrome with typical periodic hypersomnia and bulemia was diagnosed. On examination with single photo emission tomography (SPECT) (CERETEC«) during a relapse period and 2 weeks later there was marked cortical hypoperfusion of the frontal and temporal lobes, especially on the left side as well as in the right parietal lobe. Neuropsychological testing performed 1 week after a relapse showed a reduction in encoding to memory function of verbal learning indicating neocortical damage of the left fronto-temporal region. A follow-up 2 months later after the patient had spontaneously recovered showed only a slight left fronto-temporal disturbance. CT and MRI of the brain were normal although the MRI showed a large and asymmetric mamillary body. Neuropsychological testing 6 years after recovery showed pronounced reduction in short-time verbal and visual memory. Seven years after recovery SPECT demonstrated a normalized frontal perfusion but still a slight hypoperfusion in the left temporal lobe. Our results correlate to autopsy findings in two cases described previously.
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| 35. |
- Landtblom, Anne-Marie, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Short-term memory dysfunction in Kleine-Levin syndrome
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:5, s. 363-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background - A previous investigation at our department of a young man with typical Kleine-Levin syndrome revealed short-term memory dysfunction as well as hypoperfusion of the temporal lobes on single photon emission tomography (SPECT) (CERETECR) examination, 6 and 7 years after recovery, suggesting long lasting or even permanent cerebral dysfunction. Patients and methods - We investigated four cases with classical adolescent Kleine-Levin syndrome characterized by hypersomnia and typical associated symptoms. We used neuropsychological testing and SPECT (CERETECR) of the brain. The results from the previous report related to above is included. Results - Examination with SPECT (CERETECR) during remission revealed hypoperfusion of the temporal lobes and fronto-temporal region in two of four cases. There were normal findings in two. Neuropsychological testing performed during remission showed reduction in the short-term memory capacity in all four cases. Conclusion - It is striking that all the cases investigated showed short-term memory dysfunction. One patient who had recovered from paroxysmal symptoms (hypersomnia attacks and bulimia) 6 years earlier showed progress in the short-term memory dysfunction. A pathologic condition in the temporal lobes may be suspected in Kleine-Levin syndrome.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Lennmyr, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in experimental cerebral ischemia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 106:6, s. 333-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) regulate cell survival and differentiation. The aim of the present study is to investigate the activation pattern of different MAPKs [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38] after cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rats were subjected to cerebral ischemia using a model for transient (2 h) and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rats were allowed 6 h to 1 week of survival before immunohistochemical evaluation with phospho-specific antibodies, recognizing activated MAPKs. RESULTS: ERK was activated in ipsilateral blood vessels, neurons and glia, but also in contralateral vessels. JNK activation was absent in neurons but appeared in arterial blood vessels and glia at the lesion side. Active p38 was observed in macrophages in maturing infarcts. CONCLUSIONS: ERK and JNK may participate in the angiogenic response to cerebral ischemia. ERK, but not JNK, was activated in neurons, possibly indicating a pathophysiologic role. Active p38 might be involved in the inflammatory reaction.
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| 38. |
- Lennmyr, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Increased brain injury and vascular leakage after pretreatment with p38-inhibitor SB203580 in transient ischemia
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:5, s. 339-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Focal cerebral ischemia activates intracellular signaling pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, which may be involved in the process of ischemic brain injury. In this study, the effect of pretreatment with the p38-inhibitor SB203580 on infarct size and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown was investigated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were given SB203580 (n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6) in the right lateral ventricle prior to transient (90 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) on the left side. The rats were examined with serial MRI during MCAO, at reperfusion and after 1 and 4 days. RESULTS: The mean infarct size on T2-weighted images after 1 day was significantly higher in the SB203580-treated group than in controls (300 +/- 95 mm3 vs 126 +/- 75 mm3; P < 0.01). Vascular gadolinium leakage, indicating BBB breakdown, was significantly larger in the SB203580-treated group than in controls after 1 day (median leakage score 18.5; range 15-21 vs 6.5; 4-17; P < 0.05) and 4 days (11; 6-15 vs 3.5; 1-9; P < 0.05), although no significant difference was seen initially. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with SB203580 may aggravate ischemic brain injury and cerebral vascular leakage in the present model of transient ischemia.
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| 39. |
- Lennmyr, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Src family kinase-inhibitor PP2 reduces focal ischemic brain injury
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 110:3, s. 175-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the neuroprotective potential of the Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl) pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine (PP2) in transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to transient (90 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and evaluated after 1 day of survival. PP2 (1.5 mg/kg i.p.) or vehicle was given 30 min after MCAO. The lesions were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and the functional outcome was determined using neurological scoring according to Bederson et al. RESULTS: PP2-treated rats showed approximately 50% reduction of infarct size on T2-weighted MRI and in TTC staining compared with controls (P < 0.05). Moreover, the neurological score was better in the PP2 group than controls (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: PP2 is a potential neuroprotective agent in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The interference of PP2 with SFKs and/or other pathways remains to be elucidated.
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| 40. |
- Lindgren, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical lacunar syndromes as predictors of lacunar infarcts. A comparison of acute clinical lacunar syndromes and findings on diffusion-weighted MRI
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1600-0404 .- 0001-6314. ; 101:2, s. 128-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if patients with acute lacunar syndromes have acute lacunar infarcts or other types of cerebral lesions on diffusion-weighted MRI. METHODS: Patients with acute lacunar syndromes underwent echo-planar diffusion MRI of the brain within 3 days after stroke onset. Localization and size of lesions with hyperintense signal were determined, compared with clinical characteristics and with findings on follow-up T2-weighted MRI. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients participated in the study. Thirteen patients had pure motor stroke, 1 pure sensory stroke, 8 sensorimotor stroke, and 1 ataxic hemiparesis. Twenty-two patients had at least one lesion with increased signal on diffusion-weighted MR images. These acute lesions were in the internal capsule/ basal ganglia/thalamus in 13 patients, subcortical white matter in 5 patients, brainstem in 2 patients, cortex (multiple small lesions) in 1 patient, and cortex + basal ganglia in 1 patient. The median volume of the lesions was 0.6 ml on the initial examination and on follow-up, of 17 patients after 1 to 5 months, 0.5 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Almost all patients with acute ischemic lacunar syndromes have acute lesions on echo-planar diffusion-weighted MRI within 3 days after stroke onset. These lesions are mostly small and subcortical, compatible with lacunar infarcts caused by single penetrating artery occlusion, but in a minor proportion of patients (2 of 23 in our study) a cortical involvement is found.
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| 41. |
- Lindvall, Björn, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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The expression of adhesion molecules in muscle biopsies : the LFA-1/VLA-4 ratio in polymyositis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 107:2, s. 134-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives– The expression of three pairs of adhesion receptors and ligands was examined in 22 consecutive muscle biopsies showing morphological signs of inflammation.Material and methods– The following groups were studied: patients with polymyositis (PM) (n=7), patients with myositis that did not fulfil criteria for PM, i.e. suspected PM (n=5), patients with other diseases, with no clinical signs of inflammatory myopathy (n=6), and a small group of non-PM inflammatory myopathies (n=4). The endothelial expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin was evaluated, as was the cellular expression of LFA-1, VLA-4 and SLex. In addition, the expression of MHC class I and II was studied.Results– The ratio between the number of cells expressing LFA-1 and VLA-4 showed significant differences between the groups, with the lowest values in PM.Conclusion– The LFA-1/VLA-4 ratio should be suitable for diagnostic purposes. Our findings also indicate that the VLA-4/VCAM-1 system is important for chronic T cell inflammation in muscle, in line with findings in other “hidden” organs like joints and the central nervous system.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Lorefält, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Factors of importance for weight loss in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 110:3, s. 180-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective – Weight loss is reported frequently in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of this study was to find the underlying factors of this phenomenon.Participants and methods – Twenty-six l-dopa-treated patients with PD and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were assessed twice within a 1-year interval. Body weight, body fat mass, resting energy expenditure, physical activity, energy intake, thyroid hormones and cognitive function were investigated.Results – Nineteen (73%) of the PD patients lost body weight, although energy intake and the time for rest increased. Weight loss was most marked in patients with more severe PD symptoms and in whom cognitive function had decreased. Multiple regression analyses showed that determinants for weight loss were female gender, age and low physical activity.Conclusion – Weight loss was common in PD patients, in spite of the increased energy intake and was most obvious in patients with increased PD symptoms and decreased cognitive function.
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| 44. |
- Lundkvist, B., et al.
(författare)
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An adjustable CSF shunt : advices for clinical use
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 108:1, s. 38-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The opening pressure and the resistance of a CSF shunt are essential for clinical use in order to set the proper opening pressure and to determine the shunt function in vivo. We find it of vital importance to validate and supplement the product description given by the manufacturer. The in vitro properties of a newly introduced, adjustable differential pressure valve with a siphon-preventing device (Strata valve) was compared with its predecessor (Delta valve).METHODS: An automated, computerized experimental set-up based on regulation of pressure, built into an incubator at 37 degrees C, was used. Opening pressure, resistance and siphon preventing properties were determined. Six brand-new shunts of each type with catheters were tested. The Delta valves were at a performance level of 1.5.RESULTS: The hydrodynamic properties of the Strata and Delta valves were similar. The anti-siphoning device was functioning for all valves. The estimated mean resistance for Delta and Strata shunts was 2.6 +/- 0.4 and 2.2 +/- 1.0 mmHg/ml/min, respectively. The mean opening pressure for the five performance levels of the Strata shunt are: 3.3, 5.1, 7.7, 10.7 and 13.1 mmHg. There may however, be considerable variations between the shunts.CONCLUSIONS: The Strata shunt is a properly working adjustable valve with anti-siphoning device that showed good reproducibility concerning opening pressure and resistance. At performance level 1.5, the new Strata shunt was similar to its predecessor concerning opening pressure and resistance. The given values of the different opening pressures and resistance could be used for in vivo testing of the valve function with a standard lumbar CSF infusion test.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Nilsson, Daniel, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Visual field defects after temporal lobectomy -- comparing methods and analysing resection size
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Neurol Scand. - 0001-6314. ; 110:5, s. 301-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The frequency of visual field defects (VFD) after temporal lobe resections (TLR) was compared for two types of TLR and VFD frequency was correlated to resection size. METHODS: Pre- and post-operative perimetry results were analysed for 50 patients with TLR for medically intractable epilepsy. Thirty-three patients had a classical TLR and 17 had a TLR with less lateral extension. Post-operative MRIs were studied in 34 patients by scoring resection size in 12 compartments in the temporal lobe. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients developed a VFD. In the classical TLR group, 16 of 33 developed a VFD, compared with nine of 17 in the other group. The resection points were higher for the VFD group in the most anterior compartment studied, in the superior temporal gyrus. CONCLUSIONS: There was no clearcut difference in VFD frequency between the surgical methods studied. However, the compartmentalized analysis disclosed a relation between the extent of resection in the anterior part of the superior temporal gyrus and VFD frequency.
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- Osterlund, MK, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogens and neuropsychiatric disorders
- 2000
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Ingår i: ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. - 0001-6314. ; 102, s. 27-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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