| 1. |
- Lindqvist, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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A hyaluronan-loading test applied to patients with liver and joint diseases
- 1992
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 210:1-2, s. 119-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The serum hyaluronan disappearance data, after an intravenous bolus injection of hyaluronan, were evaluated in terms of model-based parameters. The loading test was performed in 10 healthy persons (basal serum hyaluronan concentration, C0, 24.9 +/- 8.9 micrograms/l [mean +/- S.D.]), 6 patients with joint disease (62.3 +/- 41.1 micrograms/l) and 19 patients with liver disease (206 +/- 214 micrograms/l). The highest maximum Michaelis-Menten elimination rate (Vmax = 287 +/- 86 micrograms/min) was found in patients with joint disease, significantly higher than in healthy persons (Vmax = 179 +/- 16, P = 0.0015) and in patients with liver disease (Vmax = 149 +/- 59, P = 0.0002). C0 and Vmax were evaluated as discriminants for assessment of residual liver function. In patients with liver disease C0 correlated with liver function score (r = 0.875, P < 0.0001) and serum albumin concentration (r = -0.813, P < 0.0001). The Vmax parameter did not correlate with conventional liver function tests or with the liver score but a significantly negative correlation of Vmax with C0 was found in patients with liver disease. A combination of the C0 level and the Vmax parameter was found to discriminate between healthy persons, patients with joint disease and patients with liver disease and should be of benefit in separating patients, with or without elevated serum hyaluronan levels, into groups having increased influx or reduced elimination, respectively, of circulating hyaluronan.
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| 2. |
- Magnusson, Per, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Different distributions of human bone alkaline phosphatase isoforms in serum and bone tissue extracts
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 325:1-2, s. 59-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In vitro, bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) is released from the osteoblast membrane with its glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor still attached (i.e., in an anchor-intact form), however, in vivo, BALP circulates as a variable mixture of anchorless isoforms, which can be identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Previous studies have shown that the relative abundance of these BALP isoforms in serum may be clinically useful for the diagnosis and management of metabolic bone disease. Methods: In the current studies, we describe a method for the determination of anchorless BALP isoforms in extracts of bone and we present novel data on the conversion of anchor-intact to anchorless BALP by incubation with endogenous circulating GPI-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD). Results: A 72-h extraction with 0.1% Triton X-100 released approximately 90% of the BALP activity from powdered bone. An average of 19% of this activity was anchorless, but essentially all of the activity could be converted to the anchorless form by incubation with partially purified GPI-PLD from human serum. Using HPLC, we detected four BALP isoforms (B/I, B1x, B1, and B2) in these GPI-PLD-treated extracts of bone. An additional BALP fraction was also detected in the samples during the initial phase of GPI-PLD treatment. Conclusions: The abundance of the BALP isoforms differed between bone and serum, particularly for the B/I isoform, which comprised, on average, 18% of the BALP in GPI-PLD-treated extracts of healthy bone tissue, but only 6% of the total BALP activity in serum from healthy individuals. Based on our recent finding of differences in the number of sialic acid residues between the BALP isoforms, we hypothesize that this difference between BALP isoforms in serum and extracts of bone is due to the different patterns of glycosylation, which results in different biological half-lives in the circulation. A preliminary application of our method to the extraction of BALP isoforms from a small number of human bone samples suggests that the method should be useful for studies of human skeletal site-specific and metabolic bone disease-specific differences in the amounts and distributions of the BALP isoforms in bone.
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| 3. |
- Mårdh, Erik, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of gastritis by means of a combination of serological analyses
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 320:1-2, s. 17-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gastroscopy and examination of biopsy is normally required for diagnosis of gastritis. This is costly and inconvenient for the patient, and there is a need for a simple pregastroscopic screening method to reduce the endoscopy workload. Our aim was to develop a serological screening test for gastritis. Methods: Sera from subjects examined with gastroscopy and biopsy were analyzed for H,K-ATPase antibodies, Helicobacter pylori antibodies and pepsinogen I. The diagnoses were normal gastric mucosa (n=50), duodenal ulcer (n=53) and atrophic corpus gastritis, with (n=50) or without pernicious anemia (n=46). Results: An evaluation scheme was constructed to optimize the diagnostic agreement between serology and gastric mucosal morphology. The sensitivity to detect gastritis was 98% (146/149) (95% CI 94-100%) and the specificity 84% (42/50) (95% CI 71-93%). Additional sera from 483 subjects from the general population were analyzed. There was a good agreement between serology and gastric mucosal morphology. Conclusions: Assays of multiple serum analytes are useful for the initial screening of gastritis. They are complementary to upper gastroscopy by identification of subjects with a normal gastric mucosa, those who qualify for eradication of H. pylori, and those who have developed atrophy and are at risk of developing malignancy and, therefore, require gastroscopic examination.
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| 4. |
- Rydén, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Fucosylation of α1-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) compared with traditional biochemical markers of inflammation in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 317:1-2, s. 221-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Fucosylation of α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP, orosomucoid) has previously been found to be increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, the degree of fucosylation has been suggested to reflect disease activity. Therefore, we investigated the fucosylation of AGP in 131 patients (96 women and 35 men) with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We compared the results with traditional biochemical markers of inflammation, i.e. plasma concentrations of AGP (P-AGP), and C-reactive protein (P-CRP).Methods: AGP fucosylation measured with a novel lectin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with a disease activity score (DAS28) and its components, and with P-AGP, and P-CRP at the time of diagnosis, and at a follow-up visit 1 year later.Results: Both men and women with RA had increased AGP fucosylation compared to healthy individuals. We found a weak correlation between AGP fucosylation and DAS28 only in men. In men with initially increased AGP fucosylation, the level of fucosylation correlated with the change in DAS28 during the first year following diagnosis. Conclusion: We conclude that AGP fucosylation is not superior to traditional markers of disease activity in RA. However, AGP fucosylation may give some additional information to traditional biochemical markers on the disease progression in men.
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| 5. |
- Syvänen, Ann-Christine
(författare)
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Detection of point mutations in human genes by the solid-phase minisequencing method
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 226:2, s. 225-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased understanding of the molecular defects causing human genetic diseases has created a need for diagnostic methods to detect these defects at the DNA level. We have developed a new method, denoted solid-phase minisequencing, for the detection of previously known point mutations. Because of its convenient format, the method is well suited for routine use in the clinical laboratory. We have applied it for diagnosis and identification of carriers of the recessively inherited disease aspartylglucosaminura, for diagnosis of dominantly inherited amyloidosis of the Finnish type and for detecting polymorphic nucleotides of the genome. The solid-phase minisequencing method allows accurate and sensitive quantitation of two sequences which differ from each other by one nucleotide and are present as a mixture in a sample. This feature of the method is an advantage in the diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders caused by heteroplasmic point mutations and for the detection of minimal residual cells carrying somatic point mutations in samples from patients with myeloid malignancies.
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| 6. |
- Åvall Lundqvist, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Influences of diet and surgical trauma on serum alkaline DNase activity levels.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 205:1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Changes in serum alkaline DNase activities might predict the therapeutic response in various malignant diseases. A decrease in serum alkaline DNase activity within days from the onset of therapy has been related to tumour necrosis and may be a possible sign of clinical response to effective treatment. To study if changes in serum alkaline DNase activity could be induced by non-tumour related tissue destruction, sera were collected on several occasions perioperatively in 18 patients undergoing surgery for benign gynaecological disease. Thirty apparently healthy women served as the control group. A significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in serum alkaline DNase activity was observed after an overnight fast in both groups of women. In contrast to the control women, the operated patients showed a significant decrease (P less than 0.001) in serum alkaline DNase activity throughout the operative period and 1 week postoperatively. We conclude that serum alkaline DNase activity is influenced by dietary factors as well as surgical trauma. These factors may limit the clinical usefulness of SADA in patients with cancer.
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| 7. |
- Åvall-Lundqvist, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Serum alkaline DNase activity in normal or nonhospitalised individuals.
- 1989
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 185:1, s. 35-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to previous observations, the variations in serum alkaline DNase activity (SADA) appeared to be useful in monitoring malignant disease. In this study, SADA was measured in 625 individuals to explore nontumor-related factors which may influence SADA levels. The overall range in SADA was 0.2-82.3 kU/l. Women aged 50-79 years had higher (p less than 0.001) levels of SADA than younger females. A similar but less consistent effect of age was noticed in men (0.01 less than p less than 0.05). Older men had lower (0.01 less than p less than 0.05) SADA levels than the older women. Old women substituted with estrogens had lower (0.01 less than p less than 0.05) levels of SADA than those not treated with estrogens. SADA levels in pregnancy as well as postparturition were lower (p less than 0.001) than SADA values in nonpregnant females of similar age. In fertile women, no SADA variation was observed during the menstrual cycle and there was no significant effect of contraceptive pills. In males, SADA seemed unrelated to testosterone or cortisol levels but varied during the day. Smoking, alcohol consumption and drug therapy appeared to be without effect on SADA.
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| 8. |
- Ahmadian, Afshin, et al.
(författare)
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Pyrosequencing : History, biochemistry and future
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 363:02-jan, s. 83-94
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pyrosequencing is a DNA sequencing technology based on the sequencing-by-synthesis principle. Methods: The technique is built on a 4-enzyme real-time monitoring of DNA synthesis by bioluminescence using a cascade that upon nucleotide incorporation ends in a detectable light signal (bioluminescence). The detection system is based on the pyrophosphate released when a nucleotide is introduced in the DNA-strand. Thereby, the signal can be quantitatively connected to the number of bases added. Currently, the technique is limited to analysis of short DNA sequences exemplified by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis and genotyping. Mutation detection and single-nucleotide polymorphisin genotyping require screening of large samples of materials and therefore the importance of high-throughput DNA analysis techniques is significant. In order to expand the field for pyrosequencing, the read length needs to be improved. Conclusions: Th pyrosequencing system is based on an enzymatic system. There are different current and future applications of this technique.
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| 9. |
- Aldén, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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HPLC analysis of carbohydrate deficient transferrin isoforms isolated by the Axis-Shield %CDT method
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 356:1-2, s. 143-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is elevated during prolonged overconsumption of alcohol and CDT is considered to be the most specific biochemical marker for alcohol overconsumption. However, an accurate method for analysing CDT is necessary because the test is frequently used for example in legal matters. Methods: Patient serum samples were analysed with the Axis-Shield %CDT and eluates were pooled together. Transferrin was purified from the pool by affinity chromatography and further analysed with HPLC to determine the ratios of different transferrin isoforms. Results: In the eluates using the Axis-Shield %CDT method, a substantial amount of trisialo transferrin was found, which is generally not considered a CDT isoform. Conclusions: The fact that trisialo transferrin is present may generate falsely elevated CDT results and it could at least partly explain the discrepancy between results of the Axis-Shield %CDT assay and HPLC in routine analysis. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Alehagen, Urban, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Reference intervals and decision limits for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its precursor (Nt-proBNP) in the elderly
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 382:1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Elderly patients have the highest prevalence of heart failure (HF). The aims of the study were to establish a reference interval for B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and (Nt-proBNP) in elderly people, and to identify clinically relevant decision limits based on long-term outcome. Methods: Plasma concentrations of BNP and Nt-proBNP were measured from two elderly populations: 218 healthy subjects (mean age 73 years, population I), and 474 patients (mean age 73 years, population II) with symptoms associated with HF. Study population II was followed for 6 years with registration of all cardiovascular mortality. Results: An association between both BNP and Nt-proBNP concentrations and age was found. The upper limit for the reference intervals in the healthy elderly (population I) was: BNP ≤ 28 pmol/L (≤ 97 ng/L), and Nt-proBNP ≤ 64 pmol/L (≤ 540 ng/L). Based on cardiovascular mortality, decision limits for BNP (∼ 50 pmol/L, ∼ 170 ng/L) and Nt-proBNP (∼ 200 pmol/L, ∼ 1700 ng/L) (population II) were determined. Conclusions: Besides establishing reference intervals for BNP and Nt-proBNP in an elderly population, a higher clinically relevant decision limit for BNP and Nt-proBNP was identified, indicating additive prognostic information of the peptides on top of measurements by echocardiography. Therefore, both reference intervals and decision limits should be included in clinical practice. © 2007.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Development of parallel reaction monitoring assays for cerebrospinal fluid proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 494, s. 79-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detailed knowledge of protein changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across healthy and diseased individuals would provide a better understanding of the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we selected 20 brain-enriched proteins previously identified in CSF by antibody suspension bead arrays (SBA) to be potentially biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and verified these using an orthogonal approach. We examined the same set of 94 CSF samples from patients affected by AD (including preclinical and prodromal), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), non-AD dementia and healthy individuals, which had previously been analyzed by SBA. Twenty-eight parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) assays were developed and 13 of them could be validated for protein quantification. Antibody profiles were verified by PRM. For seven proteins, the antibody profiles were highly correlated with the PRM results (r > 0.7) and GAP43, VCAM1 and PSAP were identified as potential markers of preclinical AD. In conclusion, we demonstrate the usefulness of targeted mass spectrometry as a tool for the orthogonal verification of antibody profiling data, suggesting that these complementary methods can be successfully applied for comprehensive exploration of CSF protein levels in neurodegenerative disorders.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Beck, O., et al.
(författare)
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Study of measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spot (DBS) samples and application of a volumetric DBS device
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 479, s. 38-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a group of phospholipids formed in cell membranes following alcohol consumption. PEth measurement in whole blood samples is established as a specific alcohol biomarker with clinical and medico-legal applications. This study further evaluated the usefulness of dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected on filter paper for PEth measurement. Specimens used were surplus volumes of venous whole blood sent for routine LC–MS/MS quantification of PEth 16:0/18:1, the major PEth homolog. DBS samples were prepared by pipetting blood on Whatman 903 Protein Saver Cards and onto a volumetric DBS device (Capitainer). The imprecision (CV) of the DBS sample amount based on area and weight measurements of spot punches were 23–28%. Investigation of the relationship between blood hematocrit and PEth concentration yielded a linear, positive correlation, and at around 1.0–1.5 μmol/L PEth 16:0/18:1, the PEth concentration increased by ~ 0.1 μmol/L for every 5% increase in hematocrit. There was a close agreement between the PEth concentrations obtained with whole blood samples and the corresponding results using Whatman 903 (PEthDBS = 1.026 PEthWB + 0.013) and volumetric device (PEthDBS = 1.045 PEthWB + 0.016) DBS samples. The CV of PEth quantification in DBS samples at concentrations ≥ 0.05 μmol/L were ≤ 15%. The present results further confirmed the usefulness of DBS samples for PEth measurement.
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| 14. |
- Bergquist, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration of immunoglobulin G with affinity for dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 217:2, s. 129-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, significantly raised concentrations of immunoglobulin G with affinity for the neurotransmitter dopamine were demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid from psychotic patients. We have varied the antigen presentation in order to find a conjugate with low unspecific binding. The conjugation of dopamine to carbodiimide-activated poly-L-glutamic acid and that to activated succinimide ester of biotin are described. The use of glutaraldehyde conjugation is not recommended because of the risk of formation of tetrahydroisoquinolines. A strong correlation (r = 0.94, P < 0.001) between the results obtained with dopamine conjugated to poly-L-glutamic acid and dopamine conjugated to biotin was observed. Forty-two human cerebrospinal fluid samples from 20 psychotic patients, (12 with a bipolar disorder and 8 with schizophrenia) and 22 control patients, with various neurological diseases but no apparent psychiatric diseases were investigated. A significantly higher incidence (P < 0.001) of antibodies with affinity for dopamine were found in the group of psychotic patients compared with the neurological control group.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Borén, Jan, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia as a coronary risk factor.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3492. ; 431, s. 131-42
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is now established as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This metabolic abnormality is principally initiated by overproduction and/or decreased catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and is a consequence of predisposing genetic variations and medical conditions such as obesity and insulin resistance. Accumulation of TRLs in the postprandial state promotes the retention of remnant particles in the artery wall. Because of their size, most remnant particles cannot cross the endothelium as efficiently as smaller low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. However, since each remnant particle contains approximately 40 times more cholesterol compared with LDL, elevated levels of remnants may lead to accelerated atherosclerosis and CVD. The recognition of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in the clinical setting has been severely hampered by technical difficulties and the lack of established clinical protocols for investigating postprandial lipemia. In addition, there are currently no internationally agreed management guidelines for this type of dyslipidemia. Here we review the mechanism for and consequences of excessive postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, epidemiological evidence in support of high triglycerides and remnant particles as risk factors for CVD, the definition of hypertriglyceridemia, methods to measure postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and apolipoproteins and, finally, current and future treatment opportunities.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Cai, Linjun, et al.
(författare)
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Assays of urine levels of HNL/NGAL in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and the impact of antibody configuration on their clinical performances
- 2009
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 403:1-2, s. 121-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious postoperative complications of cardiac surgery. The lack of early and powerful markers for AKI makes the morbidity and mortality still very high. HNL (Human neutrophil lipocalin)/NGAL (Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) was recently shown as a novel biomarker for AKI after cardiac surgery. METHODS: Serial urine samples from 59 patients undergoing cardiac surgery were analyzed by polyclonal antibody based radioimmunoassay (RIA), monoclonal-polyclonal antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: We found 10 to 100-fold increases in urine HNL/NGAL levels in about half of the patients 2 h after termination of the operation and elevated levels in all patients 72 h post operation. The urine levels of HNL/NGAL showed a weak, but significant relation with kidney function as measured by plasma levels of cystatin C or creatinine. The 2 h-HNL/NGAL levels were positively correlated to extracorporeal circulation time (p<0001). The assays were well correlated, but had different clinical performances. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that urine HNL/NGAL may be a useful early biomarker of postoperative kidney injury. The results indicate that the antibody configuration of the assay has an impact on the clinical performance of the assay.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Coskun, Abdurrahman, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement uncertainty for practical use
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : ELSEVIER. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 531, s. 352-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uncertainty is an inseparable part of all kinds of measurements performed in clinical laboratories. Accreditation standards including the ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO 15189:2012 require that laboratories have routines for calculating the measurement uncertainty of reported results. Various guidelines such as CLSI EP29, Nordest 537, and ISO 20914:2019 have proposed methods for this purpose. However, due to the conceived complexity of the proposed calculation methods, these guidelines have not been generally and effectively applied in clinical laboratories. High workload and measurand heterogeneity favor a pragmatic utilitarian approach. The purpose of this paper is to describe such an approach, including its advantages and disadvantages. Measurement uncertainty should include the most influential factors affecting patients test results. Since patients samples for the same measurand can be analyzed in one laboratory or several laboratories using different measuring systems, the measurement uncertainty should be calculated using results obtained from analyzing the same internal quality control material if commutable or patients pooled/split samples.
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| 23. |
- Dahlbom, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Protein A and protein G ELISA for the detection of IgG autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase in childhood celiac disease
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 395:1-2, s. 72-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate if the detection of celiac disease (CD) in children was improved by using alternative conjugates for assessment of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) autoantibodies. Methods: Serum samples from 108 biopsy confirmed CD children and 42 control subjects were investigated for the presence of autoantibodies with tTG coated microplates using protein A (PA), protein G (PG), anti-IgG, or anti-IgA as conjugates. Results: Of the 108 CD children, 86 (80%) were IgG-tTG positive, 91 (84%) were positive with the PA-conjugate, 94 (87%) were positive with the PG-conjugate, and 103 (95%) were IgA-tTG positive. Among the 42 controls. 4 (10%) were IgG-tTG positive, 5 (12%) were positive with both the PA- and PG conjugates. whereas 3 (7%) were IgA-tTG positive. Compared with IgG-tTG the concordance was 93% for PA and 95% for PG, with a positive correlation between antibody levels (r=0.967 and r=0.975. p< ;0.0001). All but one CD child were found positive by combining IgG-tTG and IgA-tTG detection. Conclusions: The sensitivity of IgG-tTG detection with ELISA increased by protein A or protein G conjugates, whereas the specificity was reduced as compared with anti-IgG conjugate. The combined measurement of IgA-tTG and IgG-tTG still seems to be the optimal procedure when screening children for CD.
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| 24. |
- Eggers, Kai M., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical implications of the change of cardiac troponin I levels in patients with acute chest pain - An evaluation with respect to the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 412:1-2, s. 91-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction incorporates elevated cardiac troponin levels (>99th percentile) together with a significant rise/fall of troponins as biochemical criterion. We sought to evaluate the clinical implications of the relative change of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels with respect to the Universal Definition in patients with acute chest pain. Methods: cTnI (Stratus CS) was measured serially in 454 patients within 24 h from admission. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was defined using the criteria adapted to the ESC/ACC consensus document, or corresponding to the Universal Definition together with prespecified cTnI changes of >= 20%, >= 50% and >= 100%. Follow-up was completed after 5.8 years. Results: A peak cTnI level above the 99th percentile together with a cTnI change of >= 20% was found in 160 patients of whom 25 did not have AMI according to the ESC/ACC criteria. These 160 patients had a significantly raised mortality (HR 2.5[95% CI 1.7-3.8]). Higher cTnI deltas were not associated with higher mortalities but identified smaller patient cohorts at risk. Conclusions: The Universal Definition of AMI together with a >= 20% cTnI change appears to improve the discrimination of acute from chronic causes of cTnI release, and allows a reliable identification of patients at risk.
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| 25. |
- Eggers, Kai M., et al.
(författare)
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High-sensitive cardiac troponin T outperforms novel diagnostic biomarkers in patients with acute chest pain
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 413:13-14, s. 1135-1140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Measurement of high-sensitive cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) has facilitated the early diagnostic assessment of chest pain patients. However, the information obtained from hs-cTnT levels might be improved when combined with results of other biomarkers of myocardial injury.Methods: We measured admission levels of hs-cTnT (Roche Diagnostics), heart-type fatty-acid binding protein (H-FABP; Randox Laboratories) and copeptin using a novel ultra-sensitive (us) assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in 360 chest pain patients with a non-diagnostic ECG. Non-STEMI was defined according to the Universal Definition using cardiac troponin I (Stratus CS; Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics) as biochemical gold standard.Results: Non-STEMI was diagnosed in 128 (36%) patients. Hs-cTnT had a greater diagnostic accuracy regarding non-STEMI (C-statistics 0.84) compared to H-FABP (C-statistics 0.80; p = 0.04) and us-copeptin C-statistics(0.62; p < 0.001). Compared to hs-cTnT alone, no increase in the C-statistics was noted for the combination of hs-cTnT with H-FABP (0.85; p = 0.43) or with us-copeptin (0.84; p = 0.88). Due to suboptimal sensitivities and/or specificities, neither H-FABP nor us-copeptin dichotomized at commonly applied diagnostic thresholds added information to hs-cTnT that would have facilitated early diagnostic assessment.Conclusions: Hs-cTnT provides an excellent early diagnostic accuracy regarding non-STEMI already on admission. Neither H-FABP nor us-copeptin perform better or provide diagnostic increment to hs-cTnT levels.
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| 26. |
- Eggers, Kai M., et al.
(författare)
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High-sensitive troponin T and I are related to invasive hemodynamic data and mortality in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction and precapillary pulmonary hypertension
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 412:17-18, s. 1582-1588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: High-sensitive (hs) cardiac troponin assays are clinically useful in various cardiac conditions. We aimed to extend current evidence by assessing the relations of hs-cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and I (hs-cTnI) to invasive hemodynamic data and outcome in stable patients with left-ventricular (LV) dysfunction or precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PAH). Methods: Hs-cTnT (Roche Diagnostics) and hs-cTnI (Beckman-Coulter) were measured in 103 stable patients with LV-dysfunction and 56 patients with precapillary PAH referred for right-heart catheterization. Results: Up to 47.6% of patients with LV-dysfunction, and up to 37.5% of patients with precapillary PAH had hs-troponin levels above the respective 99th percentiles. In patients with LV-dysfunction, both hs-troponins exhibited significant associations to hemodynamics, NT-proBNP and mortality (hs-cTnT: age/sex-adjusted HR 2.0 [95% CI 1.3-3.1]: hs-cTnI: age/sex-adjusted HR 1.9 [1.2-2.8]). Both hs-troponins demonstrated weaker associations to hemodynamics in patients with precapillary PAH but correlated significantly to NT-proBNP. Mortality was only predicted by hs-cTnI (age/sex-adjusted HR 3.0 [1.5-6.1]). Conclusions: Hs-troponins are related to indices of impaired myocardial performance in patients with LV-dysfunction and precapillary PAH. Both hs-troponins were also predictive for mortality in patients with LV-dysfunction. In precapillary PAH, only hs-cTnI was independently prognostic which might depend on the superior analytical performance of this assay.
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| 27. |
- Eggers, Kai M., et al.
(författare)
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Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide levels in the elderly : Clinical and prognostic implications, and comparison to B-type natriuretic peptides
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 419, s. 62-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) is emerging as an indicator of cardiac abnormalities and adverse outcome in heart failure patients. However, there are only sparse data on its clinical value relative to the B-type natriuretic peptides in the general population. Methods: We measured levels of MR-proANP, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) in 999 community-dwelling subjects aged 70 years who were participating in the PIVUS study. Results: The MR-proANP and the B-type natriuretic peptides exhibited similar associations to previous or prevalent cardiovascular disease, and echocardiographic data. In subgroups with confounding conditions (female sex, obesity, renal dysfunction), MR-proANP did not exhibit stronger associations to echocardiographic data than the B-type natriuretic peptides. MR-proANP predicted cardiovascular mortality during 8 years of follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio 2.8 [95% confidence interval 1.3-6.1]) but not all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.6[95% confidence interval 1.0-2.5]). Overall, NT-proBNP provided the strongest predictive value regarding both outcomes. Conclusions: MR-proANP levels in an elderly community population are to a similar extent as the B-type natriuretic peptides related to manifestations of cardiovascular disease and echocardiographic data. MR-proANP also predicts long-term cardiovascular mortality but without being prognostically superior compared to the B-type natriuretic peptides.
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| 28. |
- Eggers, Kai M., et al.
(författare)
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Two-hour diagnostic algorithms for early assessment of patients with acute chest pain - Implications of lowering the cardiac troponin I cut-off to the 97.5th percentile
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 445, s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Assessment of patients with suspected non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is based on cardiac troponin (cTn) levels with the 99th percentile as cut-off. However, cardiovascular risk starts already at lower troponin concentrations. We therefore, aimed to investigate the utility of 2-hour algorithms using the high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) 97.5th percentile as cut-off which corresponds to the standard URL for most biomarkers. Methods: Hs-cTnI was measured at presentation and 2 h in 1624 chest pain patients. Diagnostic algorithms were developed applying hs-cTnI levels dichotomized at the 99th and 97.5th percentiles combined with hs-cTnI changes and/or ECG findings. Results: The prevalence of NSTEMI was 13.9%. The adjusted odds ratios for 1-year mortality were 2.7(95% CI 1.4-5.1) for the 99th percentile and 3.1 (95% CI 1.6-5.9) for the 97.5th percentile. The best-performing 99th percentile-based algorithms provided a positive predictive value (PPV) of 863% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 993%. Using 97.5th percentile-based algorithms to define NSTEMI resulted in few reclassifications and yielded similar diagnostic estimates (PPV 85.4%, NPV 99.4%). Conclusion: The hs-cTnI 97.5th percentile integrated into 2-hour algorithms provided high diagnostic estimates and could, due to better prognostic properties serve as an alternative to the 99th percentile.
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| 29. |
- Enocsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor : A valuable biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 444, s. 234-241
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially severe autoimmune condition with an unpredictable disease course, often with fluctuations in disease activity over time. Long term inflammation and drug-related side-effects may subsequently lead to permanent organ damage, a consequence which is intimately connected to decreased quality of life and mortality. New lupus biomarkers that convey information regarding inflammation and/or organ damage are thus warranted. Today, there is no clinical biomarker that indicates the risk of damage accrual. Herein we highlight the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and especially its soluble form (suPAR) that besides having biological functions in e.g. proteolysis, cell migration and tissue homeostasis, recently has emerged as a promising biomarker of inflammation and prognosis of several disorders. A strong association between suPAR and organ damage in SLE was recently demonstrated, and preliminary data (presented in this review) suggests the possibility of a predictive value of suPAR blood levels. The involvement of suPAR in the pathogenesis of SLE remains obscure, but its effects in leukocyte recruitment, phagocytic uptake of dying cells (efferocytosis) and complement regulation suggests that the central parts of the SLE pathogenesis could be regulated by suPAR, and vice versa.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Fourier, Anthony, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-analytical and analytical factors influencing Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarker variability.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3492. ; 449, s. 9-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A panel of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers including total Tau (t-Tau), phosphorylated Tau protein at residue 181 (p-Tau) and β-amyloid peptides (Aβ42 and Aβ40), is frequently used as an aid in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis for young patients with cognitive impairment, for predicting prodromal AD in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects, for AD discrimination in atypical clinical phenotypes and for inclusion/exclusion and stratification of patients in clinical trials. Due to variability in absolute levels between laboratories, there is no consensus on medical cut-off value for the CSF AD signature. Thus, for full implementation of this core AD biomarker panel in clinical routine, this issue has to be solved. Variability can be explained both by pre-analytical and analytical factors. For example, the plastic tubes used for CSF collection and storage, the lack of reference material and the variability of the analytical protocols were identified as important sources of variability. The aim of this review is to highlight these pre-analytical and analytical factors and describe efforts done to counteract them in order to establish cut-off values for core CSF AD biomarkers. This review will give the current state of recommendations.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Gui, Xinru, et al.
(författare)
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Identification and validation of volatile organic compounds in bile for differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early and differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCCA) is highly challenging. This study aimed to evaluate whether volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bile samples could be emerging diagnostic biomarkers for PHCCA. We collected 200 bile samples from patients with PHCCA and benign biliary diseases (BBD), including a 140-patient training cohort and an 60-patient test cohort. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spec-trometry (GC-IMS) was used for VOCs detection. The predictive models were constructed using machine learning algorithms. Our analysis detected 19 VOC substances using GC-IMS in the bile samples and resulted in the identification of three new VOCs, 2-methoxyfuran, propyl isovalerate, and diethyl malonate that were found in bile. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis supported that VOCs detected in the bile could distinguish PHCCA from BBD. Twelve VOCs defined according to 32 signal peaks had significant statistical significance between BBD and PHCCA, including four up-regulated VOCs in PHCCA, such as 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, propyl iso-valerate, cyclohexanone, and acetophenone, while the rest eight VOCs were down-regulated. ROC curve analysis revealed that machine learning models based on VOCs could help diagnosing PHCCA. Among them, SVM pro-vided the highest AUC of 0.966, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.1% and 100%, respectively. The diag-nostic model based on different VOC spectra could be a feasible method for the differential diagnosis of PHCCA.
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| 36. |
- Hammarsten, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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The ratio of cardiac troponin T to troponin I may indicate non-necrotic troponin release among COVID-19 patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 527, s. 33-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I(cTnI) are expressed to similar amount in cardiac tissue, cTnI often reach ten-times higher peak levels compared to cTnT in patients with myocardial necrosis such as in acute myocardial infarction (MI). In contrast, similar levels of cTnT and cTnI are observed in other situations such as stable atrial fibrillation and after strenuous exercise.Objective: Examine cTnT and cTnI levels in relation to COVID-19 disease and MI. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data from the local hospital from an observational cohort study of 27 patients admitted with COVID-19 and 15 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) that were analyzed with paired cTnT and cTnI measurement during hospital care.Results: Levels of cTnI were lower than cTnT in COVID-19 patients (TnI/TnT ratio 0.3, IQR: 0.1-0.6). In contrast, levels of cTnI were 11 times higher compared to cTnT in 15 patients with MI (TnI/TnT ratio 11, IQR: 7-14). The peak cTnI/cTnT ratio among the patients with MI following successful percutaneous intervention were 14 (TnI/ TnT ratio 14, IQR: 12-23). The 5 COVID-19 patient samples collected under possible necrotic events had a cTnI/ cTnT ratio of 5,5 (IQR: 1,9-8,3).Conclusions: In patients with COVID-19, cTnT is often elevated to higher levels than cTnI in sharp contrast to patients with MI, indicating that the release of cardiac troponin has a different cause in COVID-19 patients.
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| 37. |
- Hannestad, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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beta-Alanine and gamma-aminobutyric acid in chronic fatigue syndrome.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 376:1-2, s. 23-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Due to the occurrence of sleep disturbances and fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), an investigation was performed to examine if there is an abnormal excretion of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and/or its structural analogue beta-alanine in the urine from CFS patients. Both GABA and beta-alanine are inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. METHODS: The 24 h urine excretion of GABA and beta-alanine was determined by isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry in 33 CFS patients and 43 healthy controls. The degree of symptoms in both patients and controls was measured by grading of three typical CFS symptoms using a Visual Analogue Scale. RESULTS: Men had a significantly higher excretion of both beta-alanine and GABA than women. Comparing CFS patients with healthy controls showed no significant difference in excretion of neither beta-alanine nor GABA. No correlation was found between the excretion of beta-alanine or GABA and any of the three characteristic CFS symptoms measured. However, two female and two male CFS patients excreted considerably higher amounts of beta-alanine in their 24 h urine samples than control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Increased excretion of beta-alanine was found in a subgroup of CFS patients, indicating that there may be a link between CFS and beta-alanine in some CFS patients.
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| 38. |
- Hannestad, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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ß-Alanine and ?-aminobutyric acid in chronic fatigue syndrome
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 376:1-2, s. 23-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to the occurrence of sleep disturbances and fatigue in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), an investigation was performed to examine if there is an abnormal excretion of ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and/or its structural analogue ß-alanine in the urine from CFS patients. Both GABA and ß-alanine are inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system. Methods: The 24 h urine excretion of GABA and ß-alanine was determined by isotope dilution gas chromatography mass spectrometry in 33 CFS patients and 43 healthy controls. The degree of symptoms in both patients and controls was measured by grading of three typical CFS symptoms using a Visual Analogue Scale. Results: Men had a significantly higher excretion of both ß-alanine and GABA than women. Comparing CFS patients with healthy controls showed no significant difference in excretion of neither ß-alanine nor GABA. No correlation was found between the excretion of ß-alanine or GABA and any of the three characteristic CFS symptoms measured. However, two female and two male CFS patients excreted considerably higher amounts of ß-alanine in their 24 h urine samples than control subjects. Conclusions: Increased excretion of ß-alanine was found in a subgroup of CFS patients, indicating that there may be a link between CFS and ß-alanine in some CFS patients. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Hjortshoj, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical performance of a new point-of-care cardiac troponin I assay compared to three laboratory troponin assays
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 412:3-4, s. 370-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of cardiac markers in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have mostly been performed using central laboratory platforms. The AQT90 FLEX TnI (troponin I) assay is designed for quantitative point of care testing (POCT). This study evaluated clinical performance in diagnosing AMI of the AQT90 FLEX TnI POCT assay compared with central laboratory troponin assays. Methods: The study included 458 chest pain patients. Blood samples were obtained on admission and after 69 h. Blood was analyzed using the following assays: AQT90 FLEX TnI, Access AccuTnI, Abbott AxSYM ADV. Roche cTnT, Roche CKMBmass. Patients were diagnosed with AMI according to the new universal definition of AMI. Results: The performance of the AQT90 FLEX TnI assay on admission was equivalent to the Abbott AxSYM ADV cTnI but inferior to the AccuTnI. After 6-9 h both laboratory based assays were superior. The AQT90 FLEX TnI had a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90 and 96% (admission: 6-9 h). No statistical differences were seen in receiver operating characteristics analysis. Conclusions: The AQT90 FLEX TnI POCT assay was marginally inferior to the two laboratory based assays of cTnI in diagnosing AMI. A high (NPV) may make this assay suitable as a rule out marker.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Howard, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Genotyping for CYP2C9 and VKORC1 alleles by a novel point of care assay with HyBeacon® probes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 412:23-24, s. 2063-2069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Coumarin anticoagulants such as warfarin are used to treat and prevent thromboembolic events in patients. The required dosage is difficult to predict and the risk of over or under anticoagulation are dependent on several environmental and clinical factors, such as concurrent medication, diet, age and genotype for polymorphisms in two genes CYP2C9 and VKORC1.METHODS: A novel fluorescent PCR genotyping assay using HyBeacon® probes, was developed to enable clinical staff to genotype the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles and the VKORC1 G-1639A polymorphism directly from unextracted blood samples. A prototype PCR instrument, Genie 1, suitable for point of care use was developed to carry out the assays. The panel of tests was validated by analysing blood samples from 156 individuals and comparing genotypes with data obtained using DNA samples from the same individuals. The accuracy of genotypes obtained with the Genie 1 was compared against results from well validated real time PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.RESULTS: Identical results were obtained for the newly developed HyBeacon® method and the validation method in all cases except for one where no result was obtained for the VKORC1 polymorphism on the Genie instrument. The samples used for validation represented all six possible *2 and *3 allele-related CYP2C9 genotypes and all three VKORC1 G-1639A genotypes.CONCLUSIONS: We observed excellent accuracy for the newly developed method which can determine genotype in less than 2 h.
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| 45. |
- Höglund, Kina, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Alzheimer's disease - Recent biomarker developments in relation to updated diagnostic criteria.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3492. ; 449, s. 3-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is characterized by neuroaxonal and synaptic degeneration accompanied by intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles and accumulation of extracellular plaques in specific brain regions. These features are reflected in the AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by increased concentrations of total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), together with decreased concentrations of β-amyloid (Aβ42), respectively. In combination, Aβ42, p-tau and t-tau are 85-95% sensitive and specific for AD in both prodromal and dementia stages of the disease and they are now included in the diagnostic research criteria for AD. However, to fully implement these biomarkers into clinical practice, harmonization of data is needed. This work is ongoing through the standardization of analytical procedures between clinical laboratories and the production of reference materials for CSF Aβ42, p-tau and t-tau. To monitor other aspects of AD neuropathology, e.g., synaptic dysfunction and/or to develop markers of progression, identifying novel candidate biomarkers is of great importance. Based on knowledge from the established biomarkers, exemplified by Aβ and its many variants, and emerging data on neurogranin fragments as biomarker candidate(s), a thorough protein characterization in order to fully understand the diagnostic value of a protein is a suggested approach for successful biomarker discovery.
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| 46. |
- Jain, Shruti, et al.
(författare)
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Aberrant glycosylation of α3 integrins as diagnostic markers in epithelial ovarian cancer
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Glycans are strongly involved in stability and function of integrins (ITG) and tetraspanin protein CD63 and their respective interaction partners as they are dysregulated in the tumorigenic processes. Glycosylation changes is a universal phenomenon of cancer cells. In this study, glycosylation changes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are explored using tetraspanin and integrin molecules. Methods: ITG and CD63 were immobilized from 10 EOC and 5 benign ovarian cyst fluid on microtiter wells and traced with 3 glycan binding proteins (STn, WGA, UEA) conjugated on europium nanoparticles. Total protein measurements (ITG & CD63 immunoassays) were also performed. The most promising glycovariant candidates identified were then clinically evaluated on the whole cohort of 77 ovarian cyst fluids. Additional testing was performed in ascites fluid samples of liver cirrhosis (n = 2) and EOC (n = 4). Results: Sialylated Tn antibody based glycovariants of ITGα3 (ITGα3STn) and CD63 (CD63STn) performed better than corresponding protein epitope-based immunoassays, ITGα3IA and CD63IA respectively. Combined ITGα3 based assays (ITGα3IA + ITGα3STn) detected 49 out of 55 malignant & borderline cases without detecting any of the 22 benign and healthy cysts. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the potential diagnostic application of ITGα3STn along with total ITGα3IA, which could help reduce the unnecessary surgeries. The results encourage studying further the potential use of these novel assays to detect EOC at earlier clinical stages.
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| 47. |
- Jiang, Jieying, et al.
(författare)
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Association of genetic variations in aromatase gene with serum estrogen and estrogen/testosterone ratio in Chinese elderly men.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinica chimica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3492 .- 0009-8981. ; 411:1-2, s. 53-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2470152 of the gene CYP19A1 is associated with serum estradiol (E2) levels in Caucasian men. However, it remains to be verified if rs2470152 is the sole determinant accounting for the association. We determined whether 2 CYP19A1 SNPs tagging different haploblocks (rs2470152 and rs2899470) are associated with sex steroid levels in Chinese men. METHOD: Serum sex steroid level including E2, estrone (E1) and testosterone (T), of 1402 Chinese men aged > or = 65 years were analyzed. Genotyping of the two CYP19A1 SNPs was performed using Tm-shift allele-specific PCR. RESULTS: SNP rs2899470 was significantly associated with serum E2, E1 levels and E2/T ratio (p<0.001). However, SNP rs2470152 was only modestly associated with E2/T ratio (p=0.023). Analysis of haplotype showed a significant association between C-G, T-T haplotype with serum E2/T ratio (p=0.019 and p=1 x 10(-5), respectively). Similarly, E2 levels was also associated the T-T and T-G haplotypes (p=1 x 10(-5)). CONCLUSION: The genetic variation of CYP19A1 was associated with circulating estrogen levels in Chinese elderly men. In addition, it revealed that haplotype of rs2899470 and rs2470152, rather than rs2899470 alone, was a better indicator for the serum E2/T ratio and E2 levels.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Karefylakis, Christos, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D C3 epimer in a mid-Swedish region : Analytical measurement and epidemiology
- 2018
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 478, s. 182-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The discovery of an epimeric form of 25(OH)D3 may complicate the interpretation of vitamin Dstatus. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and determinants of 25-hydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D3 (3- epi-25(OH)D3) in a mid-Swedish region and to investigate how the measurement of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 would affect the assessment of vitamin D status using current thresholds.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8286 in- and outpatients in primary as well as secondary care settings. Plasma 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were measured using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC – MS/MS). The relative 3-epi-25(OH)D3 contribution was calculated as a percentage of the total 25(OH)D3. Blood samples were collected between March 2014 and July 2015 providing a seasonal aspect to the results.Results: 3-epi-25(OH)D3was detected in 635 cases (7.7% of all subjects), and the mean concentration was8.4 ± 3.5 nmol/L. 3-epi-25(OH)D3correlated significantly with 25(OH)D3(r =0.38, p < 0.001).A multivariateanalysis among the detected showed that male gender and winter season were independently associatedwith higher 3-epi-25(OH)D3/25(OH)D3percentage ratio (R2=0.044). Infants and children had a significantlyhigher detection rate compared to the reference age category (18–45 years) as well as those who were testedduring the summer season.Conclusions: We report findings from the first epidemiologic study of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 conducted in Sweden, based on a large population sample. 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was detected in 7.7% of the study population and the mean concentration was 8.4 nmol/L. The quantification of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 would not significantly influence the clinical interpretation of vitamin D levels. Additional studies are needed to understand the metabolic pathway and the possible physiological functions of this metabolite.
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| 50. |
- Kenan, Naama, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in transferrin glycosylation during pregnancy may lead to false-positive carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) results in testing for riskful alcohol consumption
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 412:1-2, s. 129-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: An alcohol-induced change in serum transferrin glycosylation, termed carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), is widely used as a biomarker of heavy long-term drinking. This study examined the transferrin glycosylation profile and the risk for false-positive CDT results during pregnancy. METHODS: Serum samples were collected from 24 healthy pregnant women starting in gestation week 9-21, throughout pregnancy, and 8 or more weeks after delivery. Altogether 171 sera (5-9 samples/person) were analysed. Transferrin glycoforms were quantified as a percentage of total transferrin, using an HPLC candidate reference method for CDT. RESULTS: During pregnancy, the relative disialo-, pentasialo- and hexasialotransferrin levels increased gradually, whereas trisialo- and tetrasialotransferrin were reduced. This effect was most pronounced in the third trimester. For disialotransferrin, the main target in CDT testing, initial values of 1.07±0.17% (mean±SD) increased to 1.61±0.23% before delivery (~50% increase). Nine (38%) pregnant women reached %disialotransferrin values ≥1.7% (97.5th percentile for controls) but all results were <2.0%. In the postpartum samples, all glycoform levels had returned towards the starting values. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the cutoff for %disialotransferrin and %CDT employed to indicate heavy long-term drinking need to be raised slightly in pregnant women, to minimize the risk for false-positive results on CDT testing.
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