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- Hunsche, Michelle, et al.
(författare)
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Social functioning and the presentation of anxiety in children on the autism spectrum: A multimethod, multiinformant analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0021-843X. ; 131:2, s. 198-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Co-occurring anxiety in children on the autism spectrum is associated with greater social challenges, including poorer social skills and relationships, which may influence the severity and presentation of anxiety symptoms, particularly social anxiety. The current study used Bayesian network analytics (Williams & Mulder, 2020) and a multimethod approach to examine (a) how different facets of social functioning relate to one another and to anxiety severity and comorbidity, (b) which facet(s) are most influential and thus may represent optimal targets for intervention, and (c) how social functioning relates to the presentation of social fears in a large treatment-seeking sample of autistic children with anxiety disorders (n = 191, 7–13 years). Results indicated strong associations among measures of social ability (i.e., theory of mind [ToM], social motivation, friendship attainment) and among measures of social integration (i.e., bullying, interpersonal and peer difficulties), with only bullying demonstrating a significant association with anxiety. ToM was the most interconnected variable in the network, and social motivation demonstrated the strongest individual connections with other variables, particularly with other facets of social ability. Socially anxious children with impaired ToM were less likely to express fears of negative evaluation, resulting in a distinct diagnostic presentation of social fears. Findings suggest that social motivation and ToM may represent important targets for intervention for autistic children with co-occurring anxiety. Further, social–cognitive difficulties associated with autism, like ToM, may play a role in distinct manifestations of anxiety in these youth.
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| 2. |
- O'Reilly, L. M., et al.
(författare)
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The Association Between General Childhood Psychopathology and Adolescent Suicide Attempt and Self-Harm: A Prospective, Population-Based Twin Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0021-843X .- 1939-1846. ; 129:4, s. 364-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few quantitative behavior genetic studies have examined why psychopathology is associated with suicide attempt (SA) and self-harm (SH) in adolescence. The present study analyzed data from the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden to examine the extent to which genetic and environmental factors explain SA/SH and its association with psychopathology in childhood, an often-cited risk factor of subsequent SA/SH. When children were 9 or 12 years old (n = 30,444), parents completed the Autism-Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities Inventory (Larson et al., 2010) regarding their children's psychiatric problems as part of an ongoing, longitudinal study. At age 18 years (n = 10,269), adolescents completed self-report questionnaires, including SA/SH assessments. In a bifactor model of childhood psychopathology, a general factor of psychopathology was a statistically significant predictor of adolescvnt SA/SH at a higher magnitude (beta, 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.15, 0.34] for suicide attempt), as compared with specific factors of inattention, impulsivity, oppositional behavior, and anxiety/emotion symptoms. Quantitative genetic modeling indicated that the additive genetic influences on the general factor accounted for the association with each outcome (beta, 0.24, 95% CI [0.13, 0.34] for suicide attempt). The results remained virtually identical when we fit a higher order factors model. Two additional outcomes demonstrated comparable results. The results extend current literature by revealing the shared genetic overlap between general psychopathology during childhood and adolescent SA/SH.
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