| 1. |
- Malmberg, Maja
(författare)
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General and Local Morphological Anomalies in Amblyomma lepidum (Acari: Ixodidae) and Rhipicephalus decoloratus Infesting Cattle in Uganda
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Entomology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-2585 .- 1938-2928. ; 56, s. 873-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Morphological abnormalities in ticks seem to be rare phenomena in nature, and are underreported in Africa. In this article, we describe general and local anomalies in two Amblyomma lepidum females and one Rhipicephalus decoloratus female collected from cattle in Moroto and Kasese districts, Uganda. One A. lepidum specimen displayed metagynander gynandromorphism with the presence of both male and female features in the same organism. The second A. lepidum female showed slight asymmetry and lacked a genital aperture. The R. decoloratus displayed multiple anomalies that included asymmetry on the right side in association with ectromely, chitinous formations and constrictions on the left side. This article presents the first report of metagynander gynandromorphism, as well as genital aperture absence which is not linked to gynandromorphism, in A. lepidum collected from cattle.
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| 2. |
- Sang, R, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Irrigation and Rainfall on the Population Dynamics of Rift Valley Fever and Other Arbovirus Mosquito Vectors in the Epidemic-Prone Tana River County, Kenya.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of medical entomology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-2585 .- 1938-2928. ; 54:2, s. 460-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that is found in most regions of sub-Saharan Africa, and it affects humans, livestock, and some wild ungulates. Outbreaks are precipitated by an abundance of mosquito vectors associated with heavy persistent rainfall with flooding. We determined the impact of flood-irrigation farming and the effect of environmental parameters on the ecology and densities of primary and secondary vectors of the RVF virus (RVFV) in an RVF-epidemic hotspot in the Tana River Basin, Kenya. Mosquito sampling was conducted in farms and villages (settlements) in an irrigated and a neighboring nonirrigated site (Murukani). Overall, a significantly higher number of mosquitoes were collected in farms in the irrigation scheme compared with villages in the same area (P < 0.001), or farms (P < 0.001), and villages (P = 0.03) in Murukani. In particular, key primary vectors of RVFV, Aedes mcintoshi Marks and Aedes ochraceous Theobald, were more prevalent in the farms compared with villages in the irrigation scheme (P = 0.001) both during the dry and the wet seasons. Similarly, there was a greater abundance of secondary vectors, particularly Culex univittatus Theobald and Culex pipiens (L.) in the irrigation scheme than in the Murukani area. Rainfall and humidity were positively correlated with mosquito densities, particularly the primary vectors. Adult floodwater mosquitoes and Mansonia spp. were collected indoors; immatures of Ae. mcintoshi and secondary vectors were collected in the irrigation drainage canals, whereas those of Ae. ochraceous and Aedes sudanensis Theobald were missing from these water bodies. In conclusion, irrigation in RVF endemic areas provides conducive resting and breeding conditions for vectors of RVFV and other endemic arboviruses.
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